Polytechnic University of the Philippines

College of Engineering
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

CIEN 30293
Construction Methods and Project Management

Construction Project Quality

Management

Module-7
Dr. J. Berlin P. Juanzon, CE, MSCM
Subject Specialist
QUALITY MANAGEMENT

is a method for ensuring

that all the activities
necessary to design,
develop and implement a
product or service are
effective and efficient with
respect to the system and
its performance
FOUR MAIN COMPONENT OF
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT QUALITY
MANAGEMENT

1) QUALITY Involves identifying which quality

PLANNING standards are relevant to the project and
determining how to satisfy them.
FOUR MAIN COMPONENT OF
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT QUALITY
MANAGEMENT

refers to planned and systematic

production processes that provide
2) QUALITY confidence in a product's suitability
ASSURANCE for its intended purpose. It is a set of
activities intended to ensure that
products (goods and/or services)
satisfy customer requirements in a
systematic, reliable fashion
FOUR MAIN COMPONENT OF
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT QUALITY
MANAGEMENT

In engineering and manufacturing, quality

control and quality engineering are
involved in developing systems to ensure
products or services are designed and
3) QUALITY produced to meet or exceed customer
CONTROL requirements. These systems are often
developed in conjunction with other
business and engineering disciplines using
a cross-functional approach.
FOUR MAIN COMPONENT OF
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT QUALITY
MANAGEMENT

4) QUALITY
IMPROVEMENT

These cover product improvement,

process improvement and people
based improvement.
Quality Concepts

A. Quality. The totality of features

and characteristics of a product or
service that bear on its ability to
satisfy or implied needs.
Quality Concepts
The stated implied needs would therefore
have to be met by the designer and
builder. These include:
 For Design
*Aesthetics (good design taste)
*Functionality (design does what it is intended to; meet building code
requirements)
*Safety (safe for occupiers; meet building code requirements)
* Cost (within client’s budget)
Quality Concepts

 For Construction
• Workmanship (quality of constructed work)

• Integrity (according to drawings and specifications)

• Completion time in the project according to clients requirements

Quality Concepts

Quality Control (QC). The operational

techniques and activities that are used to fulfill
requirements for quality. These are control
techniques and activities to ensure a product or
a service meets specifications.
Quality Concepts

Quality Assurance (QA). All those

planned and systematic actions
necessary to provide adequate
confidence that a product or service
will satisfy given requirements for
quality.
Quality Concepts

Quality Management (QM). That aspect

of the overall management function that
determines and implements the quality
policy. Quality management requires top
management commitment and
involvement.
Quality Concepts

Quality System. The organizational

structure, responsibilities, procedures,
processes and resources for implementing
quality management. The objective of the
quality system is to enable individual
employees to know their contribution and
responsibility.
Quality Concepts

Total Quality Management (TQM). A

management approach of an organization
centered on quality, based on the
participation of all its members and aiming
at long term success through customer
satisfaction, and benefits to the members
of the organization and to society.
Quality Concepts

 Continuous Improvement Process (CIP). Is

concept which recognizes that the world is
constantly changing and any process that is
satisfactory today may well be unsatisfactory
tomorrow.
Quality Concepts

Areas of Waste in Projects

1.Waste in rejects of completed work
2.Waste in design flaws
3.Waste in work-in-process
4.Waste in motion for manpower
5.Waste in management
6.Waste in manpower
7.Waste in facilities
8.Waste in expenses.
The Concept of Customer

Meeting customer’s needs is implicit in the

definition of quality. In essence, the
customer is the immediate recipient of any
output produced.
Major Cost Categories of Quality

a) Prevention Cost – cost to plan and execute a project

so that it will be error free. Some areas of
prevention cost include planning of the scope,
budget, performance and duration to meet customer
requirements.
(i Training, ii. Process capabilities studies, iii.
Surveys of vendors/suppliers, iv. Surveys
of subcontractors)
b) Appraisal Cost- cost of evaluating the processes
and the output of the process to ensure the
product is error free. ( inspection and testing of
products, maintenance ad test equipment, cost
to process and report inspection data)
Major Cost Categories of Quality

b) Internal Failure Cost – cost incurred to correct

an identified defect before the customer
receives the product. (scrap and rework,
inventory costs)

c) External Failure Cost – relates to all errors not

detected and corrected before delivery to the
customer. (warranty cost, product liability)

d) Measurement and Test Equipment – capital cost

of equipment used to perform prevention and
appraisal activities.
Achieving Quality
on Projects

IMPROVING
PRODUCTIVITY
 Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle

PLAN
QUALITY PLAN

ACT DO

QUALITY IMPROVEMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE

CHECK
QUALITY CONTROL
 Construction Project Quality Management must address
both the management of the project and the product of
the project. Failure to meet quality requirements in either
dimension can have serious negative consequence for any
or all of the project stakeholders

Why Quality Assurance?

Why Quality Control?
Why Quality Assurance?

A good quality assurance system in the

construction will:
• Identify objectives and standards
• Be multifunctional and prevention
oriented
• Plan for collection and use data in a
cycle of continuous improvement
• Plan for the establishment of and
maintenance of performance measure
 Why Quality Control?

It is a process of diagnosis and cure. As the

facility is erected and commissioned it is
checked against the specification to ensure that
it is of the required standard, and any variance
are eliminated. The activities by which this is
done must be (a) planned, (b) tested, ( c)
recorded and, (d) analysed.

Planned: quality control consumes resources, and so

activities must be planned so that those resources are
allowed for in the projects estimated and are available to
conduct the tests at the right time
 Tested: it must be known that the method of checking the
specification will highlight variances

Recorded: the results must be recorded to provide a

historical record for planning future projects, and to be able
to analyse trends

Analysed: the results must be analysed to determine the

cause of any variance so it can be eliminated and the
analysis of trends can indicate potential problems before
they occur.
The objectives of the Project Quality Management is defined as
an attempt to make the most efficient and effective use of the
resources:
* Money * Manpower

* Machine/Equipment * Methods

* Materials

Proper utilization of resources will result a higher productivity,

improve performance and customer satisfaction
References:

Ireland, Lewis, Quality Management for

Projects and Programs. Project Management
Institute; illustrated edition. 2007

Lam Siew Wah, Low Chin Min, and Tengt

Wye Ann, “ISO 9000 in Construction,”
McGrawHill Book Co., 1994

Rose, Kenneth, “Project Quality

Management,” Amazon.com, Inc. 2005