Telangana Movement and State Formation

1952 General Elections and Burgula Ramakrishna Rao

Government

- Sairam Sampatirao
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 Burgula Ramakrishna Rao
Government
On 26th Jan 1950, Constitution divided
Indian states into four parts

A.

D. B.

C.
 1952 Elections
- General Elections for then Hyderabad Legislative
Assembly (175 seats) held in February 1952 for the first
time in Hyderabad State.

- Out of 1.2 cr eligible voters in then State of Hyderabad,

52 lakh people casted their vote in these elections.

- Then Hyderabad state comprised of 16 districts.

- Districts in Telangana Region - 8

- Districts in Marathwada Region - 5

- Districts in Kalyana Karnataka - 3

- 8 districts in Telangana - Hyderabad, Karimnagar,

Nalgonda, Medak, Mahabubnagar, Adilabad, Nizamabad,
Warangal.

- Telangana region comprised of 50% of the total area of

then Hyderabad state.

- These 8 districts had a total of 95 legislators.

- 5 districts in Marathwada - Nanded, Osmanabad,
Parbhani, Berar, Aurangabad.

- Marathwada region comprised of 28% of the total

area of then Hyderabad State.

- These 5 districts collectively had 44 legislators.

- 3 Districts in Kalyana Karnataka - Raichur, Bidar,

Gulbarga.

- Kalyana Karnataka region comprised of 22% of

the total area of then Hyderabad State.

- These 3 districts collectively had 36 legislators.

- 5 Major parties participated in 1952 general

elections - Congress (93 seats), Peoples
Democratic Front (42 seats), Socialist Party (11
seats), Peasants and Workers Party (10 seats),
Scheduled Caste Federation Party (5 seats).
- Scorecard in Telangana -

1. Congress - 46 seats
2. PDF - 35 seats
3. Socialist Party - 11 seats
4. Others - 3 seats.

- Of the total votes polled, Congress secured 41.86%

of the votes and PDF secured 20.76% votes.

- PDF fared well in Telangana Region because of their

active participation in Telangana Peasant Armed
struggle.

- Communists from PDF party won 14/14 seats in

Nalgonda, 9/14 in Warangal, and 7/15 in Karimnagar.

- Congress was able to secure maximum seats from

Marathwada and Karnataka regions, but lagged behind
in Telangana.

- In these elections, Ravi Narayan Reddy (PDF) from

Nalgonda constituency, elected to parliament with a
huge majority of 3,09,163 votes.
- Including all the 3 regions, congress party secured
majority seats.

- Congress party leaders, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao

and Konda Venkataranga Reddy were finally in the
race to become Chief Minister.

- However, congress party unanimously elected

Burgula Ramakrishna Rao as Chief Minister since he
was a polyglot and can speak Telugu, Kannada,
Marathi, Urdu and Hindi.

- The first people’s government was formed in

Hyderabad state on 6th March, 1952 with 13 cabinet
ministers headed by the Chief Minister, Burgula
Ramakrishna Rao.

- Note - Burgula contested in the elections from

Shadnagar Constituency.

- Hyderabad Rajpramukh, Mir Osman Ali Khan made

Burgula Ramakrishnarao to sworn in as Chief Minister
On 6th March, 1952 at his residence in Kingkoti.
Burgula Ramakrishna Rao Cabinet

1. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao - Chief Minister

2. G S. Melkote - Finance Minister

3. Bindu Digambara Rao - Home Minister

4. Marri Chennareddy - Civil Supplies,

Agriculture Minister

5. Konda Venkata Rangareddy -

Excise,Custom,Forest Minister

6. V.B. RAJU - Labour & Planning Minister,

Information & Broadcasting(additional)
Minister

7. Navaz Jung Bahadur - Public Works

Minister
8. Anna Rao - Local Administration Minister

9. Vinayak Rao - Industries & Commerce Minister

10. Devi Singh Chouhan - Rural Development

Minister

11. Jagannatha Rao - Law & Justice Minister

12. Shankar - Social Welfare minister

13. Phulchand Gandhi - Education & Health

Minister

14. Sangam Laxmi Bhai - Additional Educational

Minister
 Contact: Sairam Sir - +91- 8500671913
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 Burgula Ramakrishna Rao
- Original name : Pullamraju Ramakrishna Rao

- Burgula was born in a Telugu Brahmin family on March

13, 1899 at Padakal village near Kalwakurthy.

- But he was a native of Burgula which became his

surname even after having his own family name
Pullamraju.

- He was a multi-linguist and a renowned personality in

politics and literature.

- He was one among the great freedom fighters who fought

against Nizam’s tyrannical rule in Hyderabad.

- He has completed his elementary education from

Dharmavant School in Hyderabad.

- Pursued BA Honours from Ferguson College, Pune and

studied Law from Bombay University.

- In 1923, he took up the Legal profession in Hyderabad but

continued for a few days only.
- He participated in a lot of movements from early stage of
his career itself.

- Also played a very active role in Andhra Mahasabha and

served as the president of Second Andhra Mahasabha
which held in Devarakonda in 1931.

- He was also arrested for participating in Quit India

Movement in 1942.

- Served as the Chief Minister of Hyderabad from 6th

March 1952 to 1st November, 1956.

- Later he served as governor of Kerala and UP from

1956-60 and 1960-62.

- He also served as Member of Rajyasabha from 1962-66.

- Received Doctorate in Literature from Andhra University

in 1953 and Doctorate in Law from Osmania University in
1956.

- Established an organisation named People’s Convention.

- He died on 14 September 1967.

Burgula contribution to Telugu and - His works also include - Sri
Sanskrit literature Venkateshwara Suprabhatam (Sanskrit).

- It was published in 1958 by Sri

His main literary works - Vaishnava Society.

1. Sri Krishna Shatakam

2. Saaraswatha Vyasa Muktavali

3. Karma Kankanam

4. Naveena Vagmayam

5. The dream of Poets and Poems

6. Tholi Chukka

7. Kavitha Manjari

8. Nivedana

9. Pushpanjali
 Translations:

* Lahari Panchakam written by Jagannath pandit

was translated into Telugu by the name of
“Pandita Panchamrutham” by Burgula.

* Also translated Shankaracharya’s

“Soundaryalahari” into Telugu as
“Kanakadharastavam”.

* Translated ‘Parsi Vagmaya Charitra’ into

Telugu which tells about Parsi poets. He
compared Parsi poet Firadous with telugu poet
Tikkana.

* Burgula wrote forewords for Dasharathi’s

“Galib Geethaalu”, Anand Swami’s
“Meghasandesham” and Vanmamalai’s ‘Pothana
Charitra’.
 Contact: Sairam Sir - +91- 8500671913
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Reforms introduced by Burgula
Ramakrishna Rao

1. Administrative Reforms

2. Economic Reforms

3. Land Reforms

4. Educational Reforms

5. Public Works

6. Law and order Reforms.

Administrative reforms:
- During the period of Burgula Ramakrishna Rao,
Khammam district was formed in 1st October, 1953.

- The Khammam district was formed by splitting the

erstwhile Warangal district.

- Explicit Reason cited - Administrative convenience.

- Implicit Reason - Check growing communist

ideology in Warangal.

Economic Reforms:
- Implementation of Garwala Committee
recommendations for economic stability.

- Burgula Ramakrishna Rao’s stringent

implementation of Recommendations given by
the committee was praised in the book, The Story
of Integration of Princely States written by the
then Home and Secretary V.P Menon.
Land Reforms: - Modaliyar committee recommended
for the establishment of
- Enactment of Hyderabad Tenancy and Agricultural Land
(Amendment) Act, 1954. Multipurpose high schools in
Hyderabad state.
- Act made to define the powers of Land owners and rights of
Tenants.

- This act also defines rent rates for tenants.

Educational Reforms:
- Introduction of Three-Language Principle.

- According to this Principle,

- From 1st class - Medium of instruction - Mother Tongue, Hindi

will be taught from the 3rd class and English will be taught from
5th class.

- A school for every village with a population of more than 500

members and a teacher training college in every district
headquarter.

- Radha Krishna Commission was constituted to give

recommendations on education reforms.

- This committee recommended the introduction of a 3 year

degree course in Hyderabad State.
Public works:
- Foundation stone for Nagarjuna Sagar Project
was laid on 10th December, 1955.

- Jawaharlal Nehru laid the foundation stone for

this Joint Project between Andhra State and
Hyderabad.

- Humayun Kabir (Central Minister) was

appointed by the centre to look after the
construction of this project.

Law and Order Reforms:

- Anti-Corruption department was established in

1st July, 1955.

- Stringent actions and police operations on

Communists.

- Tried to solve the dispute on Mulki Rules.