STRUCTURE AND

FUNCTION OF EYE
Presentation by Maryam aziz

Institute of southern
Punjab
 Function

● The primary function of the eye is to detect and process visual

information from the surrounding environment

● Photoreceptor cells in the retina, called rods and cones, convert the
incoming light into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain
via the optic nerve.
 Function
● The brain interprets these signals as visual images, allowing us to
see and perceive the world around us.
● The iris and pupil work together to regulate the amount of light
that enters the eye, allowing us to see in a range of lighting
conditions.
● The eye also contains structures such as the ciliary muscle and
aqueous humor that help to maintain the shape of the eye and
keep it healthy.
 Structure

The eye is a complex organ responsible for vision. It is composed of

several interconnected structures that work together to capture, focus, and
transmit visual information to the brain. Here is a brief overview of the
main structures of the human eye:
1.
 Structure
● Cornea: The cornea is the clear, dome-shaped outermost layer of the eye. It acts as a
protective barrier and helps to focus incoming light onto the retina.
● Iris: The iris is the colored part of the eye located behind the cornea. It controls the size
of the pupil, which regulates the amount of light entering the eye.
● Pupil: The pupil is the black circular opening at the center of the iris. Its size changes in
response to the amount of light available.
● Lens: The lens is a transparent, flexible structure located behind the iris. It adjusts its
shape to focus light onto the retina, allowing us to see objects at various distances.
● Retina: The retina is a layer of light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. It contains
photoreceptor cells called rods and cones that convert light into electrical signals.
● Optic Nerve: The optic nerve is a bundle of nerve fibers that carries visual information
from the retina to the brain. It transmits the electrical signals generated by the
photoreceptor cells.
 Structure
● Vitreous Humor: The vitreous humor is a gel-like substance that fills the space between
the lens and the retina. It helps maintain the shape of the eye and allows light to pass
through.
● Sclera: The sclera is the tough, white outer covering of the eyeball. It provides protection
and structural support for the internal components of the eye.
● Choroid: The choroid is a layer of blood vessels located between the sclera and the
retina. It supplies nutrients and oxygen to the retina and helps regulate its temperature.
● Ciliary Body: The ciliary body is a ring of tissue behind the iris. It contains muscles that
control the shape of the lens, enabling it to adjust focus.
● Aqueous Humor: The aqueous humor is a clear, watery fluid that fills the space between
the cornea and the lens. It nourishes and cushions these structures.
THANK YOU
Presentation by Maryam aziz

Institute of southern
Punjab