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This article is about the capital of Norway. For other
uses, see Oslo (disambiguation).

Oslo (/ˈɒzloʊ/ OZ-loh, US also /ˈɒsloʊ/ OSS-loh,[11]

[12]
Norwegian: [ˈʊ̂ʂlʊ] ( listen) or [ˈʊ̂slʊ, ˈʊ̀ʂlʊ];
Southern Sami: Oslove[13]) is the capital and most
populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a
county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo
had a population of 709,037 in 2022, while the
city's greater urban area had a population of
1,064,235 in 2022,[14] and the metropolitan area
had an estimated population of 1,546,706 in 2021.
[15]

Oslo
Capital city, municipality and county

Oslo kommune, Osloven tjïelte

Top to bottom, left to right: Tjuvholmen and Oslo

City Hall; National Theater; Jernbanetorget; Victoria
Terrasse; Akershus Fortress; Munch Museum;
Trafikanten tower; Uranienborg Church; Møllergata 19
and Youngstorget

Flag
Seal

Motto(s): Unanimiter et constanter (Latin)

"United and constant"

Oslo

Location within Norway

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Coordinates: 59°54′48″N 10°44′20″E

Country Norway
District Østlandet
County Oslo
Established 1048
Government
 • Mayor Marianne Borgen (SV)
 • Governing mayor Raymond Johansen (Ap)
Area[1]
 • Capital city, 480 km2 (190 sq mi)
municipality and county
 • Land 454.20 km2
(175.37 sq mi)
 • Water 26.64 km2 (10.29 sq mi)
Elevation[2] 1 m (3 ft)

Population (31 December 2022)[3][4][5]

 • Capital city, 709,037
municipality and county
 • Urban 1,064,235
 • Metro[6][7] 1,588,457
Time zone UTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code 0001 – 1299 [8]
HDI (2021) 0.980[9]
very high · 1st
Website www.oslo.kommune.no

Oslo kommune
Municipality

Flag

Oslo within
Coat of arms
Norway

Oslo surrounded by Viken county

Country Norway
County Oslo
Official language[10]
 • Norwegian form Neutral
Time zone UTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 code NO-0301
Data from Statistics Norway

During the Viking Age, the area was part of Viken.

Oslo was founded as a city at the end of the Viking
Age in 1040 under the name Ánslo, and established
as a kaupstad or trading place in 1048 by Harald
Hardrada. The city was elevated to a bishopric in
1070 and a capital under Haakon V of Norway
around 1300. Personal unions with Denmark from
1397 to 1523 and again from 1536 to 1814 reduced
its influence. After being destroyed by a fire in 1624,
during the reign of King Christian IV, a new city was
built closer to Akershus Fortress and named
Christiania in honour of the king. It became a
municipality (formannskapsdistrikt) on 1 January
1838. The city functioned as the capital of Norway
during the 1814–1905 union between Sweden and
Norway. From 1877, the city's name was spelled
Kristiania in government usage, a spelling that was
adopted by the municipal authorities in 1897. In
1925, the city, after incorporating the village
retaining its former name, was renamed Oslo. In
1948 Oslo merged with Aker, a municipality which
surrounded the capital and which was 27 times
larger, thus creating the modern, much larger Oslo
municipality.

Oslo is the economic and governmental centre of

Norway. The city is also a hub of Norwegian trade,
banking, industry and shipping. It is an important
centre for maritime industries and maritime trade in
Europe. The city is home to many companies within
the maritime sector, some of which are among the
world's largest shipping companies, shipbrokers
and maritime insurance brokers. Oslo is a pilot city
of the Council of Europe and the European
Commission intercultural cities programme.

Oslo is considered a global city and was ranked

"Beta World City" in studies carried out by the
Globalization and World Cities Study Group and
Network in 2008.[16] It was ranked number one in
terms of quality of life among European large cities
in the European Cities of the Future 2012 report by
fDi magazine.[17] A survey conducted by ECA
International in 2011 placed Oslo as the second
most expensive city in the world for living expenses
after Tokyo.[18] In 2013 Oslo tied with the Australian
city of Melbourne as the fourth most expensive city
in the world, according to the Economist
Intelligence Unit (EIU)'s Worldwide Cost of Living
study.[19] Oslo was ranked as the 24th most liveable
city in the world by Monocle magazine.[20]

Oslo's population was increasing at record rates

during the early 2000s, making it the fastest
growing major city in Europe at the time.[21] This
growth stems for the most part from international
immigration and related high birth rates, but also
from intra-national migration. By 2010 the
immigrant population in the city was growing
somewhat faster than the Norwegian population,[22]
and in the city proper this had become more than
25% of the total population if the children of
immigrant parents are included.[23]

Urban region

Name and seal

History

Geography

Parks and recreation areas

Cityscape

Politics and government

Economy

Environment and
decarbonization

Education

Culture

Crime

Transport

Demographics

Notable residents

International relations

See also

References

Further reading

External links

Last edited 2 days ago by Arcsoda

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