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Power
Sharing
CH 1 Civics | Class 10
Hand Written Notes
 POWER {HARING
* An intelligent sharing of power among legislature ,

executive and judiciary is

very important to
design of
democracy .

* Case
of Belgium :

•
Small country in Europe .
.

•
Population is about 9 crore .

• Shames border with France ,

Netherlands
Germany ,
Luxemburg .

* Ethane composition of Belgium :

→
59% Dutch live in Flemish region .

→
40% French live in Wallonia .

* Population composition in Brussel

.se :

Dutch majority in country but

minority in
→ -

capital .

→ French -
were rich and powerful which was
resented by Dutch
speaking community .

→ In 9950 , -
60 -
tension between these communities
were severe in Brussels .

* Ease of Sri Lanka :

a Island nation on the south coast of Tamil Nadu .

4 Population is about 2 crore .

 4 It has diverse population .

* Tamil Population :

4 Two sub-groups which were :

Religious Composition

v
v v

Sinhala Tamil Speaks

speakers speakers both
(Buddhist)
( 74%)
( Hindu
Muslim )
and
thy;D;ian)
* Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka :

4
Emerged as an independent country in 9948 .

Leaders of the Sinhala community dominated

the
government .

a Results :
Democratically elected government adopted a
series MAJORITARIAN
of measures to establish
Sinhala
supremacy .

* Steps Taken by Government :

49956 : Sinhala become the only official language ,

Tamil
thus
disregarding .

4 Government jobs and universities position were given

to them .

4A new constitution stipulated that the state shall

and
protect foster Buddhism .

* Reaction of Tamils :

Launched panties and struggle for :

Recognising Tamil
e. as official Language .
 e.
Regional autonomy .

e.
Equal opportunities .

* However the demands of Tamils were not

considered and make them feel like outsiders .

*
Result of this civil war
,
in which 9000,
of
people were killed .

* Accommodation in
Belgium :

They recognised the existence

of cultural and regional
difference .

Ammended the constitution 4

times to resolve this problem .

* Elements of Belgium model :

•
Both French and Dutch
got equal representation in
central government .

Many powers of central government have been

given
to state government .

•
Separate Government in Brussels with equal representation
of both the community .

* What did we learned ?

Belgium
-

Sri Lanka
•

Unity in the country -

the possible only by respecting

•
Country 's unity get
feelings and interests .
crippled -

majority community
forces its dominance and
Result -

Mutually acceptable refuses to share power .

arrangements for
power sharing .
* Why is power sharing desirable ?

Prudential Reason Mal Reason

→
Helps to reduce the →
Power sharing is the
possibility of conflict very spirit of Democracy .

between social
group .

* Forms of Power Sharing :

Horizontal Distribution Vertical Distribution

Among different Political parties and

social groups pressure groups