Teaching Material of Science

Mid Class IV (2019-20)

term
Page: 22 Unit:3 The Plant World
Q1: What part does the leaf play in the growth of a plant?
Ans: Leaf helps to produce food by photosynthesis. That food is used in the growth of plants.
Page: 25
Q1: On workbook pg:9.
Q2: Name the process that make a plant live, grow and reproduce. Write a short note
to explain each.
Ans: Photosynthesis:
1. It takes place in leaves.
2. Chlorophyll in leaves absorbs sun’s energy.
3. This energy combines with water and carbon dioxide and food is produced.
Transpiration:
1. It takes place in leaves.
2. Water evaporates in this process.
3. It keeps the plant cool.
Transportation:
1. Plants have tubes xylem and phloem.
2. Water, minerals and glucose is transported through these tubes.
Reproduction:
It is a process in which plants make new plants.
Q3: How does fertilization take place in a plant? Draw a diagram to explain your
answer.
Ans:
1. Pollen grain falls onto the stigma.
2. Pollen tube leads down to the ovary.
3. Pollen grain fertilizes the egg.
4. Seed is formed.
Students will draw diagram of flowers.

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Page:27 Unit: 4 Food and Diet
Q1: Why does your body require proteins?
Ans: Our body requires proteins to grow and stay healthy.
Q2: Name some foods that are rich in proteins .Do you eat some of these every day?
Ans: Foods rich in protein:
1-Red meat 2-Fish 3-Eggs 4- Beans 5- Nuts
Yes, we eat some of these every day.
Page:29
Q: What are two types of carbohydrates?
Ans: The two types of carbohydrates are:
1. Simple carbohydrates.
2. Complex carbohydrates.
Q: Which carbohydrate is better to eat if you want lasting energy ? How many times
do you eat this type of carbohydrate every day?
Ans: Complex carbohydrates are better for lasting energy. We eat it at least thrice a day.
Page:30
Q: How do we obtain the minerals and vitamins we need?
Ans: Minerals:
They come from the ground and from water. They are absorbed by plants and
consumed by animals.
Vitamins:
Vitamins are made by plants and animals, including humans.
Q2: Why does our body need minerals and vitamins?
Ans: They help us to fight against diseases and stay healthy.
Page:32
Q: What is difference between fats and oils?
Ans: Fats are solid at room temperature while oils are liquid at room temperature.
Q: Why are fats and oils good for your body?
Ans: They are good because we use them for:
i. Our nervous system.
ii. Our skin.
iii. Controlling our body temperature.

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Page:33
Q: What is meant by good hygiene and what part does it play in keeping you healthy?
Ans: Hygiene is about keeping clean. It is important because dirty body attracts germs and
diseases.
Q: Suggest five ways to maintain good hygiene.
Ans:
1. Clean your teeth twice a day.
2. Wash your body every day.
3. Wash your hair regularly.
4. Keep your hands clean.
5. Change your clothes every day, especially your underwear.
Unit 5 Environment
Pg # 35
Q1: What is a habitat?
Ans. A habitat is an area where an organism lives.
Q2: What is meant by diversity?
Ans. Diversity means different kinds of living and non-living things in an environment.
Pg # 36
Q1: Why do humans visit other habitats?
Ans. Humans visit other habitats for fun.
Q2: How can human visits affect other habitats?
Ans.
i. Human cuts down trees in forests to make houses, furniture and other things.
ii. They destroy the things in a habitat that other living things need to survive.
Pg # 37
Q: What is meant by conservation ?
Ans. Conservation is about protecting and managing the earth’s natural resources and
environment.
Q Why is conservation needed?
Ans. It is needed so that the natural resources and environment are here for future
generations.

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Pg # 38
Q: What are natural resources?
Ans. Natural resources are things that grow or are created naturally without human help.
e.g water, wind and plants.
Pg # 39
Q:Select any three natural resources and explain how they are used by humans.

Ans: 1.Water
It is used for:
• drinking
• washing
• transport

2. Trees and Plants

These are used for:
• building
• food
• clothing
3. Minerals
They are used for:
• building
• growing plants
• decoration

Pg#41
Q1: Think of an ideal habitat for yourself. What different things would you like to
have?
Ans. For an ideal habitat to survive in it things are
i) Food ii) Water iii) Shelter iv) safe environment for
young

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Q2: Why does a habitat need to be diverse?
Ans. A habitat needs to be diverse so that animals and plants do not have to compete for the
same food, water and shelter.
Q3: Why must habitats be conserved?
Ans. Habitats must be conserved so that animals and plants can continue to survive in them
for as many generations as possible
Q4: What is difference between Renewable and Non-Renewable resources?
Ans.
Renewable resources Non-Renewable resource

Renewable resources are resources that No-renewable resources that can only
will not run out be used once.
Example : Wind ,sun’s energy Example: Coal, oil
Q5: Why must natural resource be conserved
Ans. Natural resources must be conserved so they do not run out for future generation.

Unit 8 Force, Tools and Machines

Page:58
Q1: Why do some object float?
Ans. Objects float because of buoyancy.
Pg=61
Q: What is friction? Give two examples from daily life of how friction helps us ?
Ans. Friction:
Friction is a force that slows or stops the objects that are sliding past each other.
Examples
1. Friction helps to stop the moving bike.
2. Friction helps to stop moving cricket ball along the grass.

Q2: What is air resistance? Give two examples from daily life where its effect is used?
Ans. Air resistance is a type of friction.
Examples:
1. Parachutes work because of air resistance.
2. Walking in a windy day.
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Pg = 65
Q1: Explain with help of a diagram how does a boat float on water? What is the force
that makes this possible?
Ans: Students will draw diagram from book pg = 56
Boats are able to float because of the force of buoyancy.
Q2: Why do some things sink?
Ans. Some things sink because their weight is more than the total weight of the water they
move.
Q3: What is gravity? How does it work?
Ans. Gravity is the force that keeps us on Earth. Gravity works because all objects try and
pull other objects towards them.
Q4: Why it is difficult to walk on a slippery floor?
Ans. It is difficult to walk on a slippery floor due to very little friction
Q5: What is lever? How does it work? Draw a diagram to explain your answer.
Ans. A lever is a simple machine that can lift objects with little effort.
Working: We put pressure on one end of the lever. The other end moves an object easily.
Note: Student will draw diagram from pg: 61 of book.
Q6: What is an inclined plane and what is it used for?
Ans . An inclined plane is a flat surface that joins lower level with a higher level
Uses:
i. A ramp is used to roll a heavy object.
ii. A slide used by children for playing.
Q7: What is a wedge? Explain with the help of an example?
Ans. Wedge: A wedge is two inclined planes joined together
Example
An axe and chisel is used to split or cut things apart.
Q8: How does a screw work?

Ans.
i. A screw works like an inclined plane.
ii. It is used to hold object in a place.

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Q9: What types of simple machine is used in door knob? Can you explain why?
Ans. A door knob is a wheel and axle in which the knob is acting as the wheel and the
rest is acting as the axle.
Q10: Have you ever seen a crane lift a heavy load? What simple machine is it based on?
Ans. A crane is a type of pulley.
Unit: 10 The Solar System
Page:75
Q1: What is the axis of the Earth?
Ans: The axis is an imaginary line passing through the North and South poles of the Earth.
Q2: How are the seasons caused? Explain with the help of diagram?
Ans: Seasons are caused by:
1. Revolution of the Earth around the Sun.
2. The way the Earth tilts.
Students will draw diagram of season from book page 73 on their notebook.

Q3: Write a short note on (a) space (b) nebulae (c) galaxies
Ans:
(a) Space:

Space is the area in which planets, stars, moons and other bodies exist.

(b) Nebulae:

It is a cloud of gases and dust that exists in space.

(c) Galaxies:

Galaxies are huge areas of space that contain stars, planets, dust and gases.

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 Final
Unit 1 The Human Body
Term
Pg: 5 Q on workbook pg:2
Pg = 9
Q1: What happens when you breathe in?
Ans. When we breathe in our lungs get bigger by taking in oxygen.
Q2: What happens when you breathe out?
Ans. When we breathe out our lungs get smaller by taking out carbon dioxide.
Pg =10
Q: Describe your intestines and explain the work that they do?
Ans. Intestines:
The intestines are like tubes .There are two types of intestines
1.Small intestine:
All digestion and absorption of food take place in small intestine.
2.Large Intestine:
Undigested food moves to the large intestine.

Pg# 11
Q1: What is the function of your muscles?
Ans. Functions:
1. Muscles help us to move.
2. They also help to move things around our body.

Q2: How do muscles work to bring about movement in your body?

Ans. Muscles are attached to the bones. Muscles work by contracting and relaxing.
Page:11 Learning is fun:
Q1: What do the following body organs do?
a. Brain
b. Heart
c. Lungs
Ans:
(a) Brain:
The brain controls all body functions by sending messages.

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(b)Heart:
The heart pumps blood to all parts of the body.

(c ) Lungs:
Lungs help in breathing.

Q2: Draw a diagram to show how your arms muscles work?

a. When they contract
b. When they relax

Ans. Students will draw diagram from pg : 11

Q3: What role do the intestines play in the digestive system?
Ans. Intestines help to:
i. Digest food
ii. Get rid of the food that our body does not need.
Q4: Name the organ that control the activities of your heart, lungs, muscles and
intestine.
Ans. The brain.
Pg =16 Unit # 2 The Animal World
Q1: Why is energy important for an animal’s survival?
Ans. Animals need energy to perform all activities of their life .For example growing,
mending their body and movement.
Q2: How do animals obtain this energy?
Ans. Energy comes from sun but it is passed from one living thing to another through food.
Pg # 18
Q Why do animals need to adapt to their surrounding?
Ans: Animals need to adapt to their surroundings to give themselves the best chance of
Survival.
Pg # 21
Q: Name the three essential things animals need to survive?
Ans:
1) Water
2) Energy
3) Oxygen
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Q2: Can animals survive longer without food or without water?
Ans. Animals can survive longer without food but not without water.
Q3: Where does all energy come from?
Ans: All energy comes from the sun.
Q4: Arrange these parts of the food chain in the correct order?
1) Secondary consumer
2) Primary consumer
3) Tertiary consumer
4) Producers

Ans
1. Producers
2. Primary consumer
3. Secondary consumer
4. Tertiary consumer
Q5: Why is animal reproduction important?
Ans.It is important because without reproduction there would be no living thing on the earth.
Q6: What are the two ways of reproduction in animals?
Ans:
1) Sexual 2)Asexual
Q7: What is meant by metamorphosis?

Ans. Metamorphosis is the physical changes that take place during the life cycle of an
organism.

Unit # 6 Matter and Materials

Pg # 47
Q1:What is the difference between an atom and a molecule ?Draw diagram to explain
your answer.
Ans:
Atom Molecule

Atoms are tiny particles. All matter is A molecule is a particle made up of two
made up of atoms. or more atoms.
Diagram pg: 42 Diagram pg 43

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Q2: How can matter be changed from one state to another?
Ans: Matter can be changed from one state to another by changing temperature. e.g ice
changes into water by heating.
Unit # 7 Heat Light and Sound
Pg # 49
Q1: What three scales are used for measuring temperatures?
Ans:
1) Celsius (0C)
2) Fahrenheit (0F)
3) Kelvin (K)
Q2: How does a thermometer work? Draw a diagram to explain you answer.
Ans. As the temperature of the thermometer changes, the liquid inside it moves upward and
downward.
Diagram of thermometer .page:48
Pg# 51
Q1: How is shadow formed?
Ans. Shadow is formed when light is blocked by some opaque or translucent object.
Q2: What determines the size and position of a shadow?
Ans. The size and position of a shadow changes according to the position of the light
source.
Pg # 55
Q1: How heat is measured ?
Ans. Heat is measured by temperature.
Q2: How did the two main scales for measuring temperature get their names?
Ans. 1. Celsius:
The Celsius scale is named after a scientist Anders Celsius.
2. Fahrenheit:
The Fahrenheit scale is named after a scientist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit.
Q3: What is an eclipse? How does it occur?
Ans. When a celestial object blocks the sun- light there is an eclipse. It occurs when a
celestial object moves between the sun and another planet.
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Q4: Draw a sound waves produced by
(a) A low sound

(b) A high sound

Q5: What is meant by the frequency of sound? How is it measured?

Ans. Frequency is the number of waves produced in a second. It is measured in hertz (Hz).
Unit =9 Electricity and Magnetism
Pg :69
Q1: What is current electricity and how is it produced?

Ans. Current electricity is a flow of electrons.

Production: It is produced when billions of electrons move from one atom to another in
same direction.
Q2: What is static electricity and how is it produced?
Ans.
Static electricity is caused by friction.
Production:
It is produced when two objects are rubbed together.
Pg =71
Q1: What is magnetic field?
Ans. Magnetic field is an invisible area around the magnet where its force is stronger.
Q2: What are electromagnets and what are their advantages?
Ans. Electromagnets are magnets that work through the combination of electricity and
magnetism.
Advantages:
1. We can turn them on or off. 2. Energy is not wasted.
Q3: Make a list of any of your personal items in school and at home that run on
electricity
Ans . Answer will vary
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