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1. “X” Zvi e®¬y “Y” ˆK R¯Ãw`Gbi ÷GfœQvq evsjv ‘÷f R¯Ãw`b’ wjGL 6.
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M. “X” ‰i gvbwmKZvq HwZnvwmK ˆKvb NUbvi BwãZ cvIqv hvq?
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
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K. 21 ˆdeË‚qvwi KZ mvj ˆ^GK kwn` wèm wnGmGe cvjb nGq AvmGQ? 1 N. wPGò ‘B’ wPwn×Z b`xi A^Æ‹bwZK ài‚Z½ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
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M. DóxcGK miKvGii ˆKvb aiGbi HwœQK KvGRi cÉwZdjb NGUGQ?
A 1952 1966 1968 1971 eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
QK : A ‰i mvjàGjvi msNwUZ NUbvq ‰KwU ˆkÉwYi Ae`vb N. miKvGii HwœQK KvR wK DÚ KvGRi gGaÅ mxgve«¬? ˆhŒwÚK weGkÏlY KGiv|4
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M. QK : ‘A’ ˆZ ˆKvb ˆkÉwYi Ae`vGbi DGÍÏL iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ msÕ©vq evsjvG`Gki Ae`vb weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
N. QK : ‘B’ ‰i NUbvq hvi ˆbZ‡GZ½i ewntcÉKvk NGUGQ evsjvG`Gki 9. Rbve ‘K’ ‰KwU ˆcvkvK KviLvbvi gvwjK| Zvi KviLvbvwU
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L. AveMvwi ÷Í• ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
KGiv| 3 M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ b`xwU ˆKvb aiGbi mÁ·`? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
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5. NUbv-1 : kv¯¦ e®¬yGì wbGq ˆ`Gki `wÞY-cƒeÆvçGj ebGfvRGb hvq| bv|@DwÚwU A^ÆbxwZi `†wÓ¡GKvY ˆ^GK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
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gvi KvQ ˆ^GK `ƒGi wQj| dGj ‰ eqGm Zvi Pvwn`v I cÉvwµ¦i gGaÅ AGbK
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cÉK‡wZGZ mnGR cvIqv hvq| ‰ mÁ·Gì msKU DîivçGj w`b w`b e†w«¬ MGo IGV ‰es Õ•zj cvwjGq ˆbkv KGi| ‰Kw`b wQbZvB Kivi mgq ˆm
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K. Rjwe`yÅr KvGK eGj? 1 K. evsjvG`Gk wk÷kÉGgi cÉ^g I cÉavb KviY Kx? 1
L. KxfvGe mvgvwRK ŠbivRÅ m†wÓ¡ nGZ cvGi? 2
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N. “ˆh ivÓ¡Ç A^Æ‹bwZKfvGe hZ êwk D®²Z Zvi HwœQK KvhÆvewj ZZ êwk
1955-56 277 wgwjqb Wjvi 3,670 wgwjqb Wjvi weÕ¦‡Z|” DwÚwUi mcGÞ hywÚ ZzGj ai| 4
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3. wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo mswkÏÓ¡ cÉGk²i Dîvi `vI:
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M. KbGKi ˆ`Gk ˆKvb aiGbi A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©v iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
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4. wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo mswkÏÓ¡ cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: knGii cvk w`Gq eGq hvIqv ‰KwU b`x ˆ`LGZ cvq| b`xwU eãGcvmvMGi wMGq
Rjevqy KvhÆKÌg `vwi`ËÅ weGjvc cwZZ nGqGQ|
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5. `†kÅKÍ¸ 1: ‘K’ ivGÓ¡Çi miKvi ˆ`Gki AvBb-k†›Ljv cwiwÕ©wZ eRvq ivLvi K. “Iiv Avgvi gyGLi fvlv KvBov wbGZ Pvq” MvbwUi iPwqZv ˆK? 1
L. evOvwj RvZxqZvev` ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
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M. DóxcGKi ‘K’ ivGÓ¡Çi cƒeÆvsGki ˆbZvi DGÍÏwLZ `vwei mvG^ AvgvGì RvZxq
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KvR mÁ·v`b Kiv DwPZ eGj Zzwg gGb Ki? gZvgZ `vI| 4 ejGjb, “‰B fvlYwU wQj AvgvGì Õ¼vaxbZvi w`KwbG`ÆkK|”
6. ˆkÉwY wkÞK KÑvGm cvV`vbKvGj ‰gb ‰KwU welq mÁ·GKÆ eGjb hv mgvR K. Kei bvUKwU ˆK wjGLGQb? 1
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bvMwiGKi DÚ welqwU ˆgGb Pjv AvekÅK| wkÞGKi eÚeÅ ÷Gb KÑvGmi wkÞv^Æxiv M. DóxcGK ˆh HwZnvwmK fvlGYi cÉwZ BwãZ Kiv nGqGQ Zvi cUf„wg eÅvLÅv
DÚ welqwU ˆgGb Pjvi RbÅ AvMÉnx nq| KGiv| 3
K. 'The Modern State' MÉ¯©wU Kvi ˆjLv? 1 N. wmivR mÅvGii DwÚwUi mv^ÆKZv hvPvB KGiv| 4
cwiwkÓ¡ 5
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1. NUbv-1: lvGUi `kGK dqmvj XvKvi ‰KwU wek¼we`ÅvjGq ˆjLvcov KGi| K. mveÆGfŒgGZ½i Av`kÆ Kx? 1
‰KwU `vweGK ˆK±`Ê KGi wek¼we`ÅvjGqi wkÞv^Æxiv AvG±`vjb ÷i‚ KGi| `vwe L. ˆKb AvgvGì wbqwgZ Ki w`GZ nGe? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
Av`vGq wkÞv^Æxiv ivÕ¦vq wgwQj êi KiGj AvBb-k†›Ljv evwnbxi m`mÅiv M. Rbve AwgGZi KgÆKvGí bvMwiGKi ˆKvb KZÆeÅ cÉwZdwjZ nq? eÅvLÅv KGiv|3
wkÞv^ÆxGì Dci àwjelÆY KGib| ‰GZ êk KGqKRb Qvò wbnZ nb| N. mvwKe mvGnGei cÉÕ¦vweZ AvBGbi gvaÅGg wK mykvmb cÉwZÓ¤v Kiv mÁ¿e?
NUbv-2: i‚Gej ‘K’ ˆ`Gki ‰KwU AsGki evwm±`v| miKvi i‚GeGji emevGmi weGkÏlYcƒeÆK gZvgZ `vI| 4
RvqMvq bvbv aiGbi ŠelgÅ KGi ‰B KviGY mîGii `kGK IB AsGki ˆjvKRb 7. Rbve kwdK fvGjv PvKwi cvIqvi Avkvq Zvi ‰K AvñxqGK `yB jvL UvKv
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ˆ`Gki AsGki ‰KwU wek¼we`ÅvjGqi ‰KRb Qvò I AbÅ ‰KwU wek¼we`ÅvjGqi wg^Åv Avkv w`Gq UvKv wbGqGQ| ‰Lb wZwb AGbK ARynvZ w`GœQb, UvKv ˆdiZ
‰KRb wkÞK kwn` nb| w`GœQb bv|
K. Zgóyb gRwjm Kx? 1 K. mvgvwRK ŠbivRÅ Kx? 1
L. ˆgŒwjK MYZ¯¨ Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 L. mvgvwRK mgmÅv KxfvGe ŠZwi nq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. NUbv-1 ‰ DGÍÏwLZ AvG±`vjbwU wPwn×ZcƒeÆK evOvwj RvZxqZvev` weKvGk ‰i M. ˆKvb mgmÅv DcGi DóxcGK cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? ‰i KviY eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
f„wgKv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. ‘RbmGPZbZvB cvGi DwÍÏwLZ mgmÅv cÉwZGiva KiGZ’@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI|4
N. NUbv-2 ‰ DGÍÏwLZ AvG±`vjb evsjvG`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv ARÆGb ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv
8. `†kÅ-1: wKQy Amvay KgÆPvix eb ‘K’ ‰i cwicØ MvQ ˆKGU ˆdjGQ, wK¯§ Zviv
cvjb KGi@ weGkÏlYcƒeÆK gZvgZ `vI| 4
bZzb MvQ jvMvGœQ bv|
2. evsjvG`k ‰KwU b`xgvZ‡K ˆ`k| ‰GK weGk¼i e†nîg e-«¼xcI ejv nq| ÷ay
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K. BIWTA gvGb Kx? 1 K. ‰mwWwRi DGókÅ Kx? 1
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M. evsjvG`kGK weGk¼i ˆKvb cÉK‡wZi ˆ`k ejv nq? DóxcGKi AvGjvGK eÅvLÅv M. `†kÅ-1 ‰es 2 ‰ ˆKvb welq wbG`ÆwkZ nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
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N. ‰G`Gki b`xi mGã ˆKvb ˆKvb welGqi cviÕ·wiK mÁ·GKÆi K^v ejv 9. gvgyb `kg ˆkÉwYi Qvò| ‰ eQi wZwb Zvi Õ•zGji cÞ ˆ^GK evsjvG`Gki
nGqGQ? DóxcGKi AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 `wÞY-cƒeÆvçGji ‰KwU cÉvK‡wZK ˆmŒ±`hÆ cwi`kÆGb ˆMGQb| wZwb cvnvGoi
3. 10B ‰wcÉj, 1971-‰ ‰KwU miKvi MwVZ nGqwQj| ‰B miKvi Qvò, KvQvKvwQ AGbK SYÆv chÆGeÞY KGiGQb| IB ‰jvKvi RjvkGq ˆmÉvZ AGbK
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KGiwQj| K. DcGK±`Ê Kx? 1
K. evsjvG`Gki ciivÓ¡ÇbxwZi wfwî Kx? 1 L. evsjvG`Gki b`xàGjv `wÞY w`GK cÉevwnZ nq ˆKb? 2
L. gywÚhyG«¬i mgq RvwZmsN ˆKb bxie wQj? 2 M. gvgyb ˆh ‰jvKv cwi`kÆb KGiGQb Zv AvGcwÞK AeÕ©vb ‰es ŠewkÓ¡Åàwj
M. DóxcGK wbG`ÆwkZ miKvGii bvg Kx? IB miKvGii KvhÆKÌg wjL| 3 eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ eÅwÚGì f„wgKv weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 N. gvgyGbi ˆh ‰jvKv cwi`kÆb Kiv ‰jvKvi gGaÅ Õ©vbxq Rjevqyi mÁ·KÆ eÅvLÅv
4. KGiv| 4
wek¼kvw¯¦ I wbivcîv wbwøZKiY 10.
193wU m`mÅ ˆ`k Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©v 5wU cÉavb Aã 1wU mwPevjq AvBb ‰i wbqg
K. evsjvG`k KGe RvwZmsGNi m`mÅc` jvf KGi? 1
L. UNHCR ‰i KvhÆKÌg eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. wPGò DwÍÏwLZ msMVGbi MVb eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 K. AvBGbi AvwacZÅ L. ?
N. wek¼kvw¯¦ I wbivcîv cÉwZÓ¤vq msMVbwUi f„wgKv eYÆbv KGiv| 4 K. ivÓ¡Ç ˆKvb aiGbi cÉwZÓ¤vb? 1
5. L. AvBGbi ŠewkÓ¡Å ˆjL| 2
A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©v M. ‘L’-‰i RvqMvq Kx nGe? ‰i cÉGqvRbxqZv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
1. cyuwRev`x A^Æ‹bwZK 2. mgvRZvw¯¨K A^Æ‹bwZK 3. wgkÉ A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©v N. “mykvmGbi RbÅ ‘K’ ‰es ‘L’ DfqB AZÅ¯¦ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ”@ Zzwg wK ‰B eÚGeÅi
eÅeÕ©v eÅeÕ©v mvG^ ‰KgZ? cvVÅcyÕ¦GKi AvGjvGK ˆZvgvi hywÚ `vI| 4
K. DcGhvwMZv Kx? 1 11. Rbve AvGiwdb ‰KRb ivR‹bwZK ˆbZv| wZwb ‘P’ ˆ`Gki RvZxq wbeÆvPGb
L. gƒjab ejGZ Kx êvSvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 Rqx nb| ZGe Zvi nvGZ ÞgZv nÕ¦v¯¦i KGiwb KZ‡ÆcÞ| dGj Rbve AvGiwdb
M. DcGii DóxcGKi 1 ‰es 2bs eGÝi A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vi gGaÅ cv^ÆKÅ wPwn×Z RvwZi mvgGb fvlY ˆ`b| Zvi eÚ‡Zv RbMYGK DrmvwnZ KGiwQj ‰es Zviv ‰KwU
KGiv| 3 hy«¬ ÷i‚ KGiwQj| cywjk Rbve AvGiwdbGK AvUK KGi ˆRjnvRGZ îGLGQ| gywÚ
N. DóxcGK DGÍÏwLZ ˆKvb A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vwU evsjvG`Gk cÉPwjZ? ˆZvgvi ˆcGq wZwb ‘P’ ˆ`Gki ˆcÉwmGW´Ÿ nb| wZwb hy«¬wea»Õ¦ ˆ`k cybMÆVGbi RbÅ msweavb
gZvgZ `vI| 4 cÉYqbmn wewf®² c`GÞc MÉnY KGib|
6. NUbv-1: Rbve AwgZ ‰KwU weLÅvZ MvGgÆ´Ÿm dÅvÙwii gvwjK| wZwb cÉwZ K. evKkvj Kx? 1
eQi MvGgÆ´Ÿm cYÅ iµ¦vwb KGi cÉPzi ŠeG`wkK gy`Ëv ARÆb KGib| wZwb wbqwgZ Zvi L. AvgvGì gywÚhy«¬GK ˆKb Rbhy«¬ ejv nq? 2
eÅemvi Avq ˆ^GK miKviGK ‰KwU wbw`ÆÓ¡ cwigvY A^Æ cÉ`vb KGib| M. Rbve AvGiwdGbi eÚ‡Zv cvVÅcyÕ¦GK DGÍÏwLZ ˆKvb NUbv wbG`Æk KGi? eÅvLÅv
NUbv-2: Rbve mvwKe RvZxq msmGì m`mÅ| wZwb msmG` bvMwiGKi wP¯¦v I KGiv| 3
evKÕ¼vaxbZvi AwaKvGii RbÅ AvBb cÉYqGbi cÉÕ¦ve KGib ‰es cieZÆxGZ AvBbwU N. ‘P’ ivGÓ¡Çi mdjZvi RbÅ Rbve AvGiwdGbi M†nxZ c`GÞc ài‚Z½cƒYÆ wQj?
cvm nq| weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
235. cçMo miKvwi evwjKv DœP we`Åvjq
1. `kg ˆkÉwYGZ co~qv iwdK ˆdeË‚qvwii ˆKvGbv ‰K wèGm cÉfvZ ˆdwiGZ Ask K. Avi. ‰g. gÅvKvBfvGii gGZ ivÓ¡Ç KvGK eGj? 1
wbGZ Õ•zj AvGm| Zvi wkÞKMY ‰ w`Gb msNwUZ NUbvi ài‚Z½ I ZvrchÆ ZzGj aGi L. AvBGbi Drm KqwU I Kx Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
AvGjvPbv KGib| weGKGj wUwfi msevG` ˆm wbGPi mviwYwU jÞ KGi: M. RvGniv êMg ˆKvb AvBGbi mnvqZvq Zvi Z^Å ˆcGjb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
mvj cwøg cvwKÕ¦vb cƒeÆ cvwKÕ¦vb N. “mykvmGbi ˆÞGò RvGniv êMGgi mdjZv AvkveÅéK”@ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
1955-1960 500 ˆKvwU 113 ˆKvwU UvKv 7. wek¼ bvix mGÁÃjb:
1960-1965 22,230 ˆKvwU UvKv 648 ˆKvwU UvKv 1g 2q 3q 4^Æ
K. Qq `dvGK ZrKvjxb ˆK±`Êxq miKvi Kx eGj AvLÅvwqZ KGi? 1 ˆgwÝGKv ˆKvGcb ˆnGMb bvBGivwe êBwRs
L. ‘Qq `dv’ˆK evOvwj RvwZi gywÚi mb` ejv nq ˆKb? 2
K. ˆKvb mvj ˆ^GK RvwZmsGNi KvhÆcÉYvwjGZ evsjv fvlvi eÅenvi ÷i‚ nq? 1
M. DóxcGK DGÍÏwLZ iwdGKi wkÞKMY ˆKvb NUbvi ài‚Z½ I ZvrchÆ AvGjvPbv
L. 'UNIFEM' Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
KGiwQGjb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
M. DóxcGK ˆKvb msÕ©v mGÁÃjbàGjvi AvGqvRb KGi? msÕ©vwUi MVGbi cUf„wg
N. wUwfGZ iwdGKi ˆ`Lv mviwYi AvGjvGK ZrKvjxb cvwKÕ¦vGbi DÚ Ask«¼Gqi
eYÆbv KGiv| 3
cÉK‡Z AeÕ©v gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
N. wek¼kvw¯¦ cÉwZÓ¤vq DÚ msÕ©vwUi mnGhvMx wnGmGe evsjvG`k ˆmbvevwnbxi
2. gywÚGhv«¬vi m¯¦vb wjgb Bmjvg 1975 mvGji 3iv bGfÁ¼i XvKv ˆK±`Êxq KvivMvGi f„wgKv weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
KviviÞx wnGmGe KgÆiZ wQGjb| Mfxi ivGZ wZwb ˆ`LGZ cvb ‰K`j mkÕ¨ ˆjvK
8. weGk¼i mvweÆK I meÆRbxb KjÅvY mvaGbi DGóGkÅ 2015 mvGj RvwZmsN
KvivMvGii weGkl ˆmGj cÉGek KGi KGqKRbGK nZÅv KGiGQ| wjgb Bmjvg ‰ K^v
‰KàœQ jÞÅgvòv ˆNvlYv KGi| 2016 ˆ^GK 2030 mvj ˆgqvw` ‰ ˆNvlYvq 17wU
Zvi evevGK Rvbvb| Zvi evev ZvrÞwYK cÉwZwKÌqvq eGjb ˆh, ‰ nZÅvi gƒj DGókÅ nGjv
jÞÅgvòv iGqGQ| ‰ jÞÅ ARÆGb weGk¼i me ˆ`k ‰KGhvGM KvR KGi hvGœQ|
evsjvG`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv I mkÕ¨ gywÚhyG«¬i ARÆbmgƒn a»sm Kiv|
evsjvG`kI ‰i evBGi bq|
K. Õ¼vaxb evsjvG`k miKvi KGe kvmb ÞgZv MÉnY KGi? 1
K. SDG-‰i cƒYÆi…c Kx? 1
L. ‘w«¼Zxq weµÏGei’ KgÆmƒwP ejGZ Kx êvS? 2
L. Askx`vwiZ½ ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
M. wjgb BmjvGgi ˆ`Lv nZÅvKvíwU ˆZvgvi cwVZ welqeÕ§i ˆh NUbvi mvG^
M. DóxcGK ˆKvb welqwUi BwãZ ˆÌqv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
mÁ·†Ú Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ welqwU ARÆGb evsjvG`k Kx aiGbi evavi (PÅvGjé) mÁÃyLxb
N. Zzwg wK wjgb BmjvGgi evevi eÚGeÅi mvG^ ‰KgZ ˆcvlY Ki? ˆZvgvi cwVZ
nGZ cvGi? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
welqeÕ§i AvGjvGK hywÚ DcÕ©vcb KGiv| 4
9.
3. Rvgvb mvGne 10g ˆkÉwYi evsjvG`k I wek¼cwiPq welGqi ‰KRb wkÞK|
A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©v A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vi ŠewkÓ¡Å
wZwb AvR ˆkÉwYGZ ‰KwU wbeÆvPb wbGq AvGjvPbv KGib| H wbeÆvPGb PviwU `j hyÚ
(i) Drcv`Gbi DcKiY ivÓ¡Çxq gvwjKvbvaxb|
nGq ‰KwU ˆRvU MVb KGi| AZtci wZwb Aci ‰KwU mvaviY wbeÆvPGbi K^v K
(ii) A^Æ‹bwZK jÞÅ RbMGYi mvweÆK KjÅvY|
eGjb hv “‰K eÅwÚ ‰K ˆfvGUi wfwîGZ” AbywÓ¤Z nq| ‰GZ ‰KwU `j RvZxq
(i) cÉavb cÉavb wkÍ¸ ivÓ¡Çxq gvwjKvbvaxb|
cwilG` ‰KK msLÅvMwiÓ¤Zv ARÆb KGi|
L (ii) Drcv`b e¥ŸGb miKvwi I êmiKvwi LvGZ
K. ‘ˆgŒwjK MYZ¯¨’ Kx? 1
mnveÕ©vb|
L. 1969 mvGj ‰KwU ài‚Z½cƒYÆ AvG±`vjb msNwUZ nq@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. DóxcGKi cÉ^g AsGk AvGjvwPZ wbeÆvPb ˆKvbwU? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 K. AcÉvPzhÆZv KvGK eGj? 1
N. DóxcGKi ˆklvsGk AvGjvwPZ wbeÆvPGbi nvZ aGi AvRGKi Õ¼vaxb mveÆGfŒg L. RvZxq mÁ·` msiÞGYi cÉGqvRbxqZv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
evsjvG`k@ gZvgZ `vI| 4 M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ‘K’ ivGÓ¡Ç ˆKvb aiGbi A^ÆeÅeÕ©v we`Ågvb? eYÆbv KGiv| 3
N. ‘evsjvG`kmn weGk¼i AGbK ˆ`Gk ‘L’ A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©v iGqGQ’@ DwÍÏwLZ
4. mRj PëMÉvg wek¼we`ÅvjGq cGo| QywUGZ ˆm Zvi weG`wk mncvVxGì welqwU ˆZvgvi cwVZ welqeÕ§i AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
ˆmLvbKvi ebf„wgGZ êovGZ wbGq hvq| ˆmàb, MRÆb, Rvi‚j e†ÞGkvwfZ ebf„wgwUi
ˆmŒ±`hÆ ZvGì gy™¬ KGi| ˆdivi cG^ mRj ZvGì AçjwUi cÉavb b`xwUi ZxGi 10. 1997 mvGj moK I Rbc` wefvGMi ‰K Z^Åvbyhvqx evsjvG`Gk cÉwZ
wbGq hvq ‰es eGj ˆh, ZvGì b`xwU Adzi¯¦ kwÚi Drm| 10,000 Mvwo cÉvq 125wU `yNÆUbvq cwZZ nq| ˆ`Gki moK `yNÆUbvq cÉwZeQi ÷ay
wk÷ gviv hvq 3,412 Rb ‰es cãyZ½eiY KGi 1,200 wk÷| evsjvG`k nvBIGq
K. evsjvG`Gki ˆbŒcGî Š`NÆÅ KZ? 1
cywjGki ‰K cÉwZGe`Gb ˆ`Lv hvq 2000-2004 mvj chÆ¯¦ moK `yNÆUbvq
L. `wÞY ‰wkqvi ˆ`kàGjvGZ cÉPzi ˆmŒikwÚ cvIqv hvq ˆKb? 2
AvnZGì 24% ˆjvGKi eqm 15 eQGii wbGP ‰es 30% ˆjvGKi eqm 16-50
M. AbyGœQG` ewYÆZ ebf„wgwUi e†GÞi ŠewkÓ¡Å eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
eQGii gGaÅ| cÉGKŒkj wek¼we`ÅvjGqi `yNÆUbv ˆKG±`Êi cwimsLÅvGb ˆ`Lv hvq 20-
N. mRGji Kiv g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv ˆZvgvi cwVZ welqeÕ§i AvGjvGK weGkÏlY
44 eQGii KgÆÞg RbGMvÓ¤x AwaK `yNÆUbvi wkKvi|
KGiv| 4
K. weGk¼ KZ mvGj meÆcÉ^g HIV îvMx kbvÚ Kiv nq? 1
5. Z^ÅQKwU gGbvGhvM mnKvGi co ‰es wbGPi cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI:
L. Rwãev` cÉwZGivGai Dcvq eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
welq weÕ¦‡wZi cwigvY MVGbi mgqKvj M. mgvRRxeGb wk÷ I KgÆÞg eÅwÚi cãyZ½eiY I g†ZzÅi A^Æ‹bwZK I gvbwmK
K 12% 2 wgwjqb cÉfve eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
L 8% 20,000 eQi N. DcGivÚ ZG^Åi AvGjvGK moK `yNÆUbv îvGai c`GÞcàGjv weGkÏlY Ki| 4
M 80% mvÁ·ÉwZKKvGj MwVZ 11. `†kÅ-1: iwb AÓ¡g ˆkÉwYi Qvò| ˆm Õ•zj cvwjGq e®¬yGì mvG^ Avìv ˆ`q|
K. gvPÆ gvm ˆ^GK ˆg gvm chÆ¯¦ wgqvbgvGi ˆKvb FZz ^vGK? 1 ˆm QvòGì mvG^ gvivgvwi KGi|
L. fviGZi MÉxÓÃKvj mÁ·GKÆ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
`†kÅ-2: AvGgbv «¼v`k ˆkÉwYGZ cGo| evevi `vwiG`ËÅi KviGY Zvi weGq nGq hvq|
M. Z^ÅQGKi ‘K’ wPwn×Z AçjwUi f„-cÉvK‡wZK MVb eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
Zvi Õ¼vgx evevi evwo ˆ^GK UvKv ‰Gb ˆèvi RbÅ ZvGK gvbwmK I kvixwiK
N. Z^ÅQGKi ‘L’ I ‘M’ wPwn×Z Açj `ywUi gGaÅ f„-cÉK‡wZMZ ŠewPòÅ weGkÏlY
wbhÆvZb KGi| AvGgbvi evev mgvGR wbhÆvZGbi wePvi bv ˆcGq AvBGbi AvkÉq ˆbb|
KGiv| 4
K. `ybÆxwZ KvGK eGj? 1
6. RvGniv êMg Zvi weGqi mgq wjwLZ wewf®² Z^Å Rvbvi RbÅ Kvwebbvgvi L. mvgvwRK gƒjÅGeva ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
Kwc AvbGZ KvwR AwdGm hvb| KvwR mvGne ZvGK mnGhvwMZv bv KGi wewf®²fvGe M. iwbi gGaÅ ˆKvb mvgvwRK mgmÅvwU we`Ågvb? eYÆbv KGiv| 3
nqivwb KiGZ ^vGKb| wbw`ÆÓ¡ w`Gbi gGaÅ Z^Å bv cvIqvq wZwb DchyÚ KZ‡ÆcGÞi N. AvGgbvGì DÚ mgmÅv cÉwZGivGa Zvi evevi ˆbIqv c`GÞcB wK hG^Ó¡?
KvGQ Avwcj KGib| AeGkGl wZwb cÉGqvRbxq Z^Å ˆcGZ mdj nb| ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
cwiwkÓ¡ 7
236. KzwoMÉvg miKvwi DœP we`Åvjq
1. `†kÅKÍ¸-1: mvgwiK kvmGbi wei‚G«¬ AvG±`vjb PjvKvGj ‰KRb wek¼we`ÅvjGqi K. evsjvG`Gk ˆKvb b`xi MwZcG^ euva w`Gq Rjwe`yÅr Drcv`b Kiv nGœQ? 1
wkÞK ‰es Aci ‰K wek¼we`ÅvjGqi Qvò wbnZ nb| L. cvwbGK mÁ·` wnGmGe weGePbv Kiv nq ˆKb? 2
`†kÅKÍ¸-2: ‰KwU ˆ`Gk ‰KRb ŠÕ¼ikvmGKi AaxGb mvaviY wbeÆvPb AbywÓ¤Z nq| M. b`x-2 ‰ wbG`ÆwkZ b`xi MwZc^ eYÆbv KGiv| 3
H ˆ`Gki ‰KwU cÉG`Gk ˆh ivR‹bwZK `jwU msLÅvMwiÓ¤Zv ARÆb KGi Zviv miKvi N. b`x-1 I b`x-2 ‰i gGaÅ ˆKvb b`x evsjvG`Gki A^ÆbxwZGZ AwaK f„wgKv
MVb KiGZ cvGiwb| cvjb KGi? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
K. 21 `dv `vwei cÉ^g `vwewU Kx wQj? 1 7.
L. ˆgŒwjK MYZ¯¨ Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
miKvGii mGeÆvœP I wbiâzk ÞgZv
M. `†kÅKÍ¸-1 ‰ wbG`ÆwkZ NUbvwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
N. `†kÅKÍ¸-2 ‰i NUbvwU hw` bv NUGZv ZGe evsjvG`Gki BwZnvm AbÅiKg nGZ AbÅvbÅ msMVGbi mvG^ cv^ÆKÅ m†wÓ¡ Kiv
cviGZv@ Zzwg wK ‰ eÚGeÅi mvG^ ‰KgZ? hywÚ `vI| 4 ? AvBb I Av`kÆ wnGmGe weGewPZ
2. ‰wU ivGÓ¡Çi ciivÓ¡ÇbxwZ cwiPvjbv KGi
PvwlGì gGaÅ Rwg fvM me bvMwiGKi Ici ivÓ¡Ç ‰i KZ‡ÆZ½ cÉwZÓ¤v Kiv
K. QGK DwÍÏwLZ ŠewkÓ¡ÅàGjvi weGePbvq cÉk²GevaK Õ©vGb Kx emGe? 1
AvçwjK Õ¼vqîkvmb
L. QGK BwãZK‡Z welqàGjv ejGZ Zzwg Kx êvS? 2
cÉavb `ywU wkGÍ¸i RvZxqKiY M. ˆKvb AG^Æ AvBb ‰KwU ivGÓ¡Çi Av`kÆ wnGmGe weGewPZ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
wPò-1 N. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK miKvGii ÞgZv I KvhÆvewj eYÆbv KGiv| 4
8. `†kÅKÍ¸-1: myn†` I ZvBd cÉwZw`b ivGZ KGjR ˆgvGoi jvBUGcvGÕ¡i wbGP
4wU `j êk wKQy wk÷GK cvV`vb Kivq|
21 `dv `†kÅKÍ¸-2: wgqvbgvGii ˆmbvevwnbx KZ‡ÆK wbhÆvwZZ I weZvwoZ îvwnãv RbGMvÓ¤x
223 wU Avmb evsjvG`Gki KÝevRvi ˆRjvi wewf®² AvkÉqGKG±`Ê AeÕ©vb KiGQ|
K. evsjvG`k moK ˆKvb ˆ`Gki ‰KwU eÅÕ¦Zg moK? 1
wPò-2 L. ˆfGUv ÞgZv Kx? 2
K. ˆKvb mvj ˆ^GK 21ˆk ˆdeË‚qvwi kwn` wèm wnGmGe cvwjZ nGœQ? 1
M. `†kÅKÍ¸-1 ‰ ewYÆZ wk÷Gì ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi wbwøZ Kivi RbÅ ˆKvb msÕ©v
L. 1970 ‰i mvaviY wbeÆvPGb AvIqvgx jxM Rqjvf KGiwQGjv ˆKb? 2
KvR KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
M. wPò-1 ‰ ˆh ivR‹bwZK `Gji KgÆmwƒ Pi wPò dzGU DGVGQ cvVÅcyÕ¦GKi AvGjvGK
N. `†kÅKÍ¸-2 ‰ ewYÆZ îvwnãv RbGMvÓ¤xi cybeÆvmGb mvnvhÅ ‰es wbivc`
Zvi eÅvLÅv `vI| 3
N. wPò-1 ‰i `Gji mvG^ wPò-2 ‰i mÁ·KÆ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 cÉZÅveZÆGb ˆKvb AãmsÕ©v gaÅÕ©Zv KiGQ? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
3. eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb cƒeÆ cvwKÕ¦vGbi AwaKvi iÞvi RbÅ 6 `dv `vwe 9.
ˆck KGib| cƒeÆ evsjvi RbMGYi cÉwZ cvwKÕ¦vb ivGÓ¡Çi Pig ŠelgÅgƒjK AvPiY I mÁ·Gì Amg D®²qb I AMÉMwZi aviv ÛKmB ivLv, cwiKÍ¸bv
e¥Ÿb, ŠelgÅ I evÕ¦evqGbi cÉwZwU chÆvGq gwbUwis I ˆgbUwis ‰i
AeGnjvi wei‚G«¬ `xNÆ AvG±`vjb, msMÉvg myÕ·Ó¡ i…c jvf KGi 6 `dvi
`vwi`ËÅ, cwiGek eÅeÕ©v Kiv, cvewjK I cÉvBGfU cÉwZÓ¤vGbi gGaÅ
Õ¼vqîkvmGbi `vwebvgvq| 6 `dv `vwe evOvwji RvZxq ˆPZbvgƒGj weGÕ¹viY NUvq| `ƒlY
K. evsjvG`Gki gywÚhyG«¬i gƒj wbqvgK kwÚ Kviv? 1 mg®¼qnxbZv ‰es Askx`vwiGZ½i AbycwÕ©wZ|
L. gywÚhy«¬GK MYhy«¬ ejv nq ˆKb? 2 wPò-K wPò-L
M. cƒeÆ evsjvi cÉwZ wkÞvGÞGò cvwKÕ¦vGbi kvmKGMvÓ¤xi ˆh ŠelgÅ cÉKvk K. ÛKmB D®²qb Kx? 1
ˆcGqwQGjv Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 L. ÛKmB D®²qb ˆKb cÉGqvRb? 2
N. 6 `dv `vwe wQj evOvwj RvwZi gywÚi mb` Zzwg wK ‰B eÚGeÅi mvG^ ‰KgZ? M. wPò-K ˆZ DwÍÏwLZ welqàGjv ÛKmB D®²qGbi ˆKvb welqwUi mvG^
ˆZvgvi DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4 mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
4. Awemsevw`Z ‰KRb ˆbZv `xNÆ KvivevGmi ci Zuvi m`Å Õ¼vaxb ˆ`Gk wdGi N. wPò-L ˆZ DwÍÏwLZ welqàGjvGK wK ÛKmB D®²qGbi AvGjvGK ˆgvKvwejvq
AvGmb| wK¯§ ˆ`Gk wdGi ‰Gm ˆbZv ˆ`LGjb hy«¬wea»Õ¦ ˆ`Gk AGbK mgmÅv| ˆ`Gk KiYxq wnGmGe wPwn×Z Kiv hvq? ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
mgmÅv, A^Æ‹bwZK `ƒiveÕ©v AeKvVvGgv cÉvq a»sm nGq ˆMGQ| wewf®² ˆ`Gki mvG^ 10. `†kÅ-1 bvknv` wbGRi eÅvcvGi êk mGPZb| ˆm Zvi Qv` evMvGbi wbqwgZ
K„U‹bwZK mÁ·KÆ Õ©vcb KGi wZwb Zvi ˆ`Gki kvw¯¦-k†s›Ljv cÉwZÓ¤v I myGhvM- cwiPhÆv KGi| wbGRi eÅen†Z RvgvKvcGo `vM ev ˆbvsiv jvMGZ ˆ`q bv| wbGRi eB
myweav wbwøZ KGib| LvZv Õ•zj eÅvGMi eÅvcvGiI êk hðevb|
K. eãe®¬yi Õ¼vaxbZvi ˆNvlYv cÉ^g ˆK cvV KGib? 1 `†kÅ-2 wZ½nv cÉwZw`b KÑvm ˆkGl dÅvb I jvBGUi myBP e®¬ KGi| ‰gbwK cvwbi
L. AcvGikb mvPÆjvBU ejGZ Kx êvS? 2 Kj ˆLvjv ^vKGjI ˆmwU e®¬ KGi ˆ`q|
M. DóxcGK ˆZvgvi cvVÅeBGqi ˆKvb welq cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 K. mÁ·` Kx? 1
N. evsjvG`GkI ‰B iKg ‰KRb ˆbZv AZÅ¯¦ cÉGqvRb Zzwg wK ‰B eÚGeÅi mvG^ L. eÅwÚ gvwjKvbv Õ¼xK‡Z bq ˆKvb A^ÆeÅeÕ©vq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
‰KgZ? hywÚ `vI| 4 M. `†kÅ-1 ‰ ˆKvb aiGbi mÁ·`GK wbG`Æk Kiv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
5. mynvm wUwf ˆ`LwQGjv| nVvr KGiB Nievwo ˆKuGc DVGjv| AvGkcvGki êk N. `†kÅ-2 ‰ wbG`ÆwkZ mÁ·Gì iÞYvGeÞGY AvgvGì KiYxq Kx? AvGjvPbv
wKQy Nievwo ˆfGO ˆMGjv| KGqKwU ‰jvKvq we`yÅr jvBb wewœQ®² nGq hvq| mynvm KGiv| 4
‰B fqvenZv cÉwZGivGa cƒeÆ cÉÕ§wZgƒjK c`GÞc MÉnGYi cÉGqvRbxqZv Abyfe 11. NUbv-1 nØvbx ‰KwU `yNÆUbvq AvnZ nGq nvmcvZvGj fwZÆ nGj ZvGK KGqK
KiGjv|
eÅvM iÚ wbGZ nq| mvgwqK myÕ© nGjI cieZÆxGZ nØvbx AvevGiv AmyÕ© nGq
K. evsjvG`Gki gvSvgvwS Õ©vb w`Gq ˆKvb îLv AwZKÌg KGiGQ? 1
hvq| AGbK cixÞv wbixÞvi ci WvÚvi Rvbvq ‰B îvMwU Awbivgq ˆhvMÅ|
L. AvgvGì Rxeb-RxweKvi mvG^ Rjevqy mÁ·wKÆZ ˆKb? 2
NUbv-2 gvmy` Zvi AwdGm ‰KRb mr Awdmvi wnGmGe cwiwPZ| KÌgvMZ
M. mynvGmi ˆ`Lv `yGhÆvMwU m†wÓ¡i KviY eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
cvwievwiK eÅq e†w«¬ cvIqvq gvmy` Avi êZGbi UvKvq PjGZ cviGQb bv| ‰Kw`b
N. mynvm `yGhÆvMwUi SzuwK ˆgvKvwejvq Kx aiGbi cƒeÆ cÉÕ§wZgƒjK c`GÞc MÉnGYi
cÉGqvRbxqZv Abyfe KiGjv? cvVÅcyÕ¦GKi AvGjvGK eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4 wZwb ‰KRb wVKv`vGii AbÅvq Ave`vi AG^Æi wewbgGq iÞv KiGZ evaÅ nGjb|
K. mvgvwRK wek†›Ljvi Pig i…c Kx? 1
6. L. Avw^ÆK `yiveÕ©v KxfvGe wk÷kÉg e†w«¬ KiGQ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
b`x-1 b`x-2 M. NUbv-1 ‰ ˆKvb mvgvwRK mgmÅv dzGU DGVGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
Drcwî: jymvB cvnvo Drcwî: wngvjGqi MvGãvòx wngevn N. NUbv-2 ‰ gvmy` ˆh KviGY AbÅvq KvRwU KGiGQb Zv wK DÚ mvgvwRK
Dcb`x: nvj`v AvqZb: 34,188 eMÆ wK.wg. mgmÅvi ‰Kgvò KviY wnGmGe Zzwg gGb KGi? DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4
237. Avj-Avwgb ‰KvGWgx Õ•zj ‰´£ KGjR, Puv`cyi
1. cvwKÕ¦vGbi kvmbvgGji ‰KwU wbeÆvPGb ˆgvU ˆfvUvi msLÅv wQj 5 6. mvÁ·ÉwZKKvGj ˆ`Gki `wÞYvçGj AwZwiÚ e†wÓ¡cvGZi dGj euva
ˆKvwU 64 jvL| ˆmB wbeÆvPGb cƒeÆ cvwKÕ¦vGbi 3 ˆKvwU 22 jvL ˆfvUvi ˆfGO weÕ¦xYÆ ‰jvKv µÏvweZ nGq K‡wl Drcv`b I wPswoi ˆNi ÞwZMÉÕ¦ nq|
ˆfvU ˆ`q| wbeÆvPGb AvIqvgx jxM cƒeÆ cvwKÕ¦vGbi RbÅ wbaÆvwiZ 169wU K. KYÆdzwj b`xi Š`NÆÅ KZ? 1
AvmGbi gGaÅ 167wU Avmb jvf KGi miKvi MVGbi cGÞ ivq cvq| L. eËþcyò b` nGZ ‰KwU ˆmÉvZaviv m†wÓ¡ nIqvi KviY eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
K. Kvi ˆbZ‡GZ½ ‘Zgóyb gRwjm’ MwVZ nGqwQj? 1 M. DóxcGK ˆh aiGbi mÁ·Gì K^v ejv nGqGQ Zvi Drm eÅvLÅv KGiv|3
L. hyÚdÌ´Ÿ ˆKb MVb Kiv nq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 N. DÚ mÁ·` msiÞGY I AcPq îvGa KiYxq KvRàGjv AvGjvPbv
M. cvwKÕ¦vb kvmbvgGji DÚ wbeÆvPGbi eYÆbv `vI| 3 KGiv| 4
N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ wbeÆvPb Õ¼vaxb evsjvG`Gki AfzÅ`Gqi wcQGb
7. 1947 mvGj Õ¼vaxbZv jvGfi ci ˆ^GK KvkÄxiGK ˆK±`Ê KGi fviZ I
ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv ivGL@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
cvwKÕ¦vGbi gGaÅ DGîRbv weivR KiGQ| ‰ wbGq ˆ`k `ywUi gGaÅ `y’evi
2. ‘K’ ‰es ‘L’ Açj wbGq MwVZ ‰KwU ivGÓ¡Çi wmsnfvM Avq ‘K’
hy«¬I nGqGQ| KvkÄxGii RbMYI wbGRGì Õ¼vaxbZvi RbÅ `xNÆw`b
Açj ˆ^GK msM†nxZ nGjI ˆK±`Êxq miKvGii ŠelgÅgƒjK AvPiY I
AvG±`vjb-msMÉvg KGi AvmGQ|
AeGnjvi KviGY H AçGj ˆZgb ˆKvGbv D®²wZ nqwb| ŠelgÅ wbimGbi
K. ivGÓ¡Çi meGPGq myÕ·Ó¡ I cƒYÆvã msæv ˆK w`GqGQb? 1
jGÞÅ ‘K’ AçGji ‰KRb ˆbZv ˆK±`Êxq miKvGii KvGQ êkwKQy `vwe
ZzGj aGib| `vweàGjv bv ˆgGb ˆK±`Êxq miKvi ‰gb wKQy c`GÞc MÉnY L. Z^Å AwaKvi AvBGb Z^Å ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
KGib hvi dGj ‘K’ AçjwU Õ¼vaxbZvi w`GK avweZ nq| M. KvkÄxGi ivGÓ¡Çi ˆKvb Dcv`vbwU AbycwÕ©Z? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
K. KZ ZvwiGL hyÚdÌ´Ÿ MVGbi wm«¬v¯¦ M†nxZ nq? 1 N. KvkÄxiGK ivÓ¡Ç nGZ nGj DÚ Dcv`vbwU QvovI AviI Dcv`vb
L. MYcwil` ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2 AvekÅK| ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
M. DóxcGKi ‘K’ AçGji ˆckK‡Z `vweàGjvi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb 8. Rbve Avexi ‘K’ ivGÓ¡Çi ‰KRb wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwa| Zvi cÉavb KvR
NUbvi wgj cvIqv hvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ivGÓ¡Çi AvBb cÉYqGb mnvqZv Kiv| wZwb msm`xq Õ©vqx KwgwUi m`mÅ
N. DóxcGKi ‘K’ AçGji cwiYwZ ‰es evsjvG`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv ‰KmƒGò wnGmGe RbMGYi Z^Å cvIqvi AwaKvi wbGq KvR KiGQb|
Muv^v@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 K. Avi. ‰g. gÅvKvBfvGii gGZ ivÓ¡Ç Kx? 1
3. 1970 mvGji mvaviY wbeÆvPGb weRqx RvZxq I cÉvG`wkK cwilGì L. mveÆGfŒgZ½ ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
m`mÅ «¼viv 1971 mvGji 10B ‰wcÉj ‰KwU miKvi MVb Kiv nq| M. Avexi mvGnGei cÉ^g KvRwU ivGÓ¡Çi ˆKvb aiGbi KvR? eÅvLÅv KGiv|3
gywÚhy«¬GK mwVKfvGe cwiPvjbv, mymsnZ Kiv ‰es ˆ`kGK Õ¼vaxb Kivi N. Avexi mvGnGei w«¼Zxq KvGRi gvaÅGg `ybÆxwZgyÚ Kiv mÁ¿e DîGii
jÞÅ wbGqB DÚ miKvi MVb Kiv nq| ‰ miKvi gywÚhy«¬ cwiPvjbvi RbÅ mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4
mvgwiK, êmvgwiK RbMYGK wbGq ‰KwU gywÚGhv«¬v evwnbx MVb KGib| 9. Rbve ‘K’ ‰gb ‰KwU Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vi AaxGb KgÆiZ hv
K. gywÚhy«¬Kvjxb ‘Pigcò’ Kx? 1 AvwdÌKvi wewf®² ˆ`Gk M†nhy«¬ gxgvsmvi jGÞÅ KvR KGi hvGœQ|
L. eãe®¬yi w«¼Zxq weµÏe KgÆmƒwP ejGZ Kx êvSvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 K. cÉ^g wek¼ bvix mGÁÃjb ˆKv^vq AbywÓ¤Z nq? 1
M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ miKvGii KvVvGgv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 L. jxM Ae ˆbk´Ö ‰i m†wÓ¡i cUf„wg eYÆbv KGiv| 2
N. gywÚhyG«¬ DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ miKvGii KvhÆKÌg cvVÅeBGqi AvGjvGK M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vwU m†wÓ¡i cUf„wg eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 N. DÚ msÕ©vq evsjvG`Gki Ae`vb weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
4. m`Å Õ¼vaxb ‰KwU ˆ`Gki ivÓ¡ÇcaÉ vbGK Zuvi ‰K e®¬y wRGæm Kij, 10. ‘K’ ˆ`Gki Drcv`b KvhÆKÌg cwiPvwjZ nq meÆvwaK eÅwÚMZ gybvdv
‰Lb Zzwg chÆvqKÌGg ˆKvb KvRàGjvi cÉwZ bRi w`Ge? wZwb eGjb, hyG«¬
ARÆGbi DGóGkÅ| AbÅw`GK ‘L’ ˆ`Gki Drcv`b KvhÆKÌg cwiPvwjZ nq
a»smcÉvµ¦ cyj-KvjfvUÆ, ivÕ¦vNvU, KjKviLvbv, ˆbŒe±ì I mgy`Ëe±ì
cÉwZwU bvMwiGKi ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi cƒiY ‰es RbMGYi meÆvwaK KjÅvY
ˆgivgZ Kie, gvbyGli A®², eÕ¨, wPwKrmv I evmÕ©vGbi Pvwn`v cƒiY Kie|
mvaGbi jGÞÅ|
K. evsjvG`Gki cÉ^g ivÓ¡ÇcwZ ˆK? 1
K. abZvw¯¨K A^ÆeÅeÕ©vq gybvdv ˆK MÉnY KGi? 1
L. gywÚhy«¬GK MYhy«¬ ejv nq ˆKb? 2
L. AcÉvPzhÆ ejGZ Kx êvS? 2
M. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK evsjvG`Gki hy«¬ cieZÆx KvhÆKÌGgi eYÆbv `vI| 3
M. ‘K’ ˆ`Gki A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vi ŠewkÓ¡Åmgƒn eYÆbv KGiv| 3
N. DóxcGKi ‰gb ‰KRb ivÓ¡ÇcÉavb gywÚhyG«¬i cieZÆx w«¼Zxq weµÏGei
KgÆmƒwP ˆNvlYv KGiwQGjb@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 N. ‘K’ I ‘L’ ˆ`Gki A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vi ZzjbvgƒjK AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
5. ‘K’ ‰KwU cÉvK‡wZK `yGhÆvM| c†wêxi eü ˆ`k I AçGj ‰B `yGhÆvGMi 11. mgvGRi wKQy msLÅK ˆjvK eÅwÚMZ jvGfi Avkvq mGPZbfvGe wbR
cÉeYZv jÞ Kiv hvq| mfÅZvi eü a»smjxjvi KviY wnGmGe ‰ `yGhÆvMGK `vwqGZ½ AeGnjv KGi mgvGRi ÞwZ KiGQ| hvi cÉfve my`ƒicÉmvix|
`vqx Kiv nq| aviYv Kiv nq MZ 4000 eQGi ‰ `yGhÆvGMi a»smjxjvq K. KLb mvgvwRK ŠbivRÅ ˆ`Lv ˆ`q? 1
c†wêxi cÉvq 1 ˆKvwU 50 jÞ ˆjvK gviv ˆMGQ| L. wKGkvi Aciva ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
K. wmmwgK wiÕ•GRvb Kx? 1 M. DóxcGK ˆh mvgvwRK mgmÅvwUi cÉwZdjb NGUGQ Zvi KviY eÅvLÅv
L. Rjevqyi mvG^ gvbyGli Rxeb-RxweKv ˆKb mÁ·wKÆZ? 2 KGiv| 3
M. DóxcGKi `yGhÆvMwUi KviY eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DÚ mvgvwRK mgmÅvwUi ÞwZKi cÉfve I cÉwZKvi mÁ·GKÆ ˆZvgvi
N. DÚ `yGhÆvMwUi cÉfve ˆZvgvi cvVÅeBGqi AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 gZvgZ hywÚ mnKvGi weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
cwiwkÓ¡ 9
238. BÕ·vnvbx cvewjK Õ•zj I KGjR, KzwgÍÏv ˆmbvwbevm
1. ‘K’ `wÞY cƒeÆ ‰wkqvi ‰KwU ˆ`k| ˆhwUi ‰K weGkl wèm DcjGÞ ‰KwU K. BIWTA cƒYÆi…c Kx? 1
ˆgvevBj ˆKvÁ·vwbi wUwf weævcb wQj ‰gb@ “fvlvnxb cÉwZwU gvbyl ˆhb ‰K ‰KwU L. gvbyGli mvG^ b`xi mÁ·KÆ wbweo ˆKb? 2
wewœQ®² «¼xc|” H weævcGbi ˆklvsGki ggÆv^Æ nGjv, KwZcq mƒhÆ m¯¦vGbi `yaÆlÆ M. wPGòi ‘K’ wPwn×Z b`xwUi MwZc^ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
mvnwmKZvq AeGkGl ‰K wbeÆvK gv Zvi m¯¦vbGK wcÉq eYÆgvjv wkLvGZ mÞg nq| N. wPGòi ‘L’ wPwn×Z b`xwUi A^Æ‹bwZK ài‚Z½ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
K. ‘AvGiK dvÍš~b’ DcbÅvwmGKi bvg Kx? 1 7. `†kÅKÍ¸-1: wkwiGbi gv ‘weaev fvZv’ I AbÅ ‰K PvPv ‘eqÕ• fvZv’ cvb ‰es
L. ‘Zgóyb gRwjm’ Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 wkwiGbi cÉwZGekx Rwibv AvÚvi gvZ‡Z½Kvjxb fvZv cvb|
M. fvlvnxbZvi mvG^ ‘K’ ˆ`Gki weGkl wèmwUi mÁ·ÆK eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 `†kÅKÍ¸-2: bexb KgÆKZÆviv ivÓ¡Ç cÉavGbi KvGQ ‘ˆ`Gki ‰K Bwç gvwUI ênvZ nGZ
N. gvGqi eYÆgvjv wkLvGbvi cwimi ˆkl chÆ¯¦ wbR m¯¦vGbi Mwí ˆcwiGq wek¼
w`Ge bv eGj kc^ KGib|’
cwigíGj ˆcŒuGQ hvq| gZvgZ `vI| 4
2. emwbqv wQj ‰K mgq mvweÆqvi ‰KwU cÉG`k| emwbqvb gymjgvbiv K. ‘ivÓ¡Ç hw` nq RxeG`n ZGe miKvi nGjv ‰i gwÕ¦Ó•Õ¼i…c’ ˆK eGjGQb? 1
msLÅvMwiÓ¤ nGjI ivÓ¡ÇÞgZv mvweÆqvbGì nvGZ wQj| Zviv emwbqvbGì Ici L. ‘cÉwZwU m¯¦vbB ivGÓ¡Çi m¯¦vb’ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
ŠelgÅ I ˆkvlYbxwZ MÉnY KiGj emwbqvevmx Õ¼vqîkvmGbi `vweGZ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ wKQy M. `†kÅKÍ¸-1 ‰ ewYÆZ wewf®² aiGbi fvZv cÉ`vb ivGÓ¡Çi ˆKvb KvGRi A¯¦fzÆÚ?
`dv ˆNvlYv KGi| mvweÆqvb miKvi `dvàGjv cÉZÅvLÅvb KGi| dGj emwbqvevmx eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
AvG±`vjb ÷i‚ KGi ‰es AGbK PovB-DrivBGqi gGaÅ w`Gq Zviv mdj nq| N. `†kÅKÍ¸-2 ‰ bexb KgÆKZÆviv ˆh kc^ KGib Zv ‰KwU ivGÓ¡Çi KvhÆvewji
K. 1965 mvGj msNwUZ cvK-fviZ hy«¬ KZ w`b Õ©vqx nq? 1 AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
L. ˆgŒwjK MYZ¯¨ aviYvwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 8. Rbve Kwig evsjvG`Gki mkÕ¨ evwnbxi ‰KRb KgÆKZÆv| wZwb ‰KwU
M. DóxcGK embxq Õ¼vqîkvmGbi `vwei AvG±`vjGbi mvG^ evOvwji ˆKvb Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vi AaxGb wmGqivwjIGb KvGR wbGqvwRZ| wZwb ˆmLvbKvi
AvG±`vjGbi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 weev`gvb `jàGjvi gGaÅ Avjvc-AvGjvPbvi gvaÅGg `xNÆw`Gbi mkÕ¨ msNlÆ e®¬
N. DóxcGKi embxqGì AvG±`vjGbi gGZv evOvwji Qq `dv AvG±`vjbI KiGZ mÞg nb|
Õ¼vaxbZvi c^ myMg KGiwQj@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 K. ˆfGUv ÞgZv Kx? 1
3. QGK eGãvcvmvMGii Dîi Zxi ˆNuGl cwj gvwU ˆ^GK MGo DVv ‰KwU ˆ`Gki L. wmWI mb` Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
mvG^ mswkÏÓ¡ KwZcq NUbv I mgqKvGji BwãZ ˆÌqv nGjv@
M. Rbve Kwig ˆh Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vi wgkGb AvGQb Zvi DGókÅmgƒn eÅvLÅv
NUbv mgqKvj
‘K’ 1952, 1966, 1968, 1971 KGiv| 3
‘L’ 1954, 1956, 1958, 1969 N. Zzwg wK gGb Ki DÚ msÕ©vi AãmsÕ©vmgƒn evsjvG`Gki wewf®² D®²qbgƒjK
K. ‘bÅvqcvj’ Kx aiGbi c`? 1 KvhÆKÌg cwiPvjbv KiGQ? DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4
L. gywÚhy«¬GK MYhy«¬ ejv nq ˆKb? 2 9. ˆmev LvGZi aib: ˆcÉwÞZ evsjvG`k@
M. NUbv: ‘K’ ˆZ ˆKvb ˆkÉwYi Ae`vGbi DGÍÏL iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 aib-1: dGqRyG®²Qv miKvwi Õ•zj, XvKv ˆgwWGKj KGjR I weAviwUwm evm
N. NUbv: ‘L’-‰i mgqKvjàGjvi mdjZv NUbv: ‘K’- ‰i mgqKvGji Ici BZÅvw`|
wbfÆikxj@ gZvgZ `vI| 4 aib-2: KzwgÍÏv gWÆvb nvB Õ•zj, jÅve‰BW nvmcvZvj I ‰wkqv UÇv´ÖGcvUÆ wjwgGUW|
4. AGbK aiGbi cÉvK‡wZK `yGhÆvGMi gGaÅ ‰gb ‰KwU `yGhÆvM iGqGQ hvi K. ‘`yÓ·ÉvcÅZv’ Kx? 1
Drcwîi AvMvg evZÆv ‰LbI weævbxMY w`GZ mÞg bq| wiLUvi ˆÕ•Gj 7 gvòvi L. A^ÆbxwZGZ e¥Ÿb ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
Dci ˆKv^vI ‰ `yGhÆvM AvNvZ KiGj gynƒGZÆ mswkÏÓ¡ ‰jvKv jífí nGq ˆhGZ M. DóxcGK BwãZK‡Z ˆmevLvGZi aib-2 ‰ ˆh A^ÆeÅeÕ©vGK wbG`Æk KGi Zvi
cvGi| c†wêxi gGaÅ ‰i cÉGKvc ‰jvKvàGjvGK wZbwU cÉavb AsGk fvM Kiv Õ¼i…c eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
nGqGQ| Bw´£qvb ˆµÏU I wgqvbgvi mve-ˆµÏGUi gvSLvGb evsjvG`k AewÕ©Z nIqvq
N. evsjvG`k AfzÅ`Gq ˆh A^ÆeÅeÕ©vi K^v ejv nGqwQj DóxcGK ewYÆZ ˆm
AvgivI ‰ `yGhÆvM ˆ^GK gyÚ bB|
K. DcGK±`Ê Kx? 1 A^ÆeÅeÕ©vGK Kx wbG`Æk KGi? ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
L. ‘wmmwgK wiÕ• ˆRvb’ ejGZ Kx êvSvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 10. gvjGqwkqv I wmãvcyiGK Avgiv ‰Lb D®²Z ˆ`k wnGmGe Rvwb| wK¯§ Avgiv
M. c†wêxi gvbwPGò AvGjvPÅ `yGhÆvMwUi ˆh ‘AwaK cÉeY Açj’ iGqGQ Zv cÉ`kÆb hLb 1971 mvGj Õ¼vaxb nB ZLbI ‰ ˆ`kàGjv AvgvGì ˆPGq A^Æ‹bwZKfvGe
KGiv| 3 wcwQGq wQj| AvgvGì cÉwZGekx ˆ`k fviGZ AvwZG^qZv ceÆàGjv mv`vgvUvfvGe
N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ `yGhÆvMwU DGÍÏwLZ gvòvq XvKv knGi AvNvGZi djvdj Kxi…c cvjb KGi; ˆhb ˆKD AwbqgZvw¯¨KfvGe A^Æ DcvRÆb bv KGi| agÆxq wèmàGjvGZ
nGZ cvGi? gZvgZ `vI| 4 weGk¼i Agymwjg ˆ`kàGjv `ËeÅmvgMÉxi `vg KwgGq ˆ`q; AbÅw`GK AvgvGì ˆ`Gki
5. evsjvG`kGK f„-cÉK‡wZK wfwîGZ wbGÁ²vÚfvGe ˆ`LvGbv hvq@ KwZcq Amvay eÅemvqx wmw´£GKU KGi `vg evwoGq w`Gq AwaK gybvdv ARÆb KGi
Açj AvqZb (eMÆwKGjvwgUvi) ‰es mvgvwRK AwÕ©iZv ŠZwi KGi|
K 11,805 K. HIV ‰i cƒYÆic … Kx? 1
L 17,708
L. gƒjÅGevGai AeÞq ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
M 1,18,056
M. DóxcGK DGÍÏwLZ ˆ`kàGjv ˆ^GK eZÆgvb evsjvG`Gki AbMÉmiZvi KviYmgƒn
K. ‘Avwk¼bv So’ Kx? 1
L. evsjvG`Gki ˆfŒGMvwjK AeÕ©vb eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 wPwn×Z KGiv| 3
M. QGK DGÍÏwLZ Dcvîmgƒn eÅenvi KGi ‰KwU e†îGjL AsKb KGiv| 3 N. DóxcGKi ewYÆZ ggÆv^Æ ˆ^GK evsjvG`kGK gyÚ Kivi ˆKŒkj weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
N. QGK ewYÆZ AçjàGjvi gGaÅ ˆKvb AçGj RbemwZi NbZ½ AwaK| ˆKb? 11. NUbv-1: AvwdÌKv AçGji ‰KwU ˆ`Gki mvweÆK wPò nGjv AGbKUv
weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 ‰gbmÁ·Gì Amg e¥Ÿb, ˆfvM ŠelgÅ, meÆò Revew`wnZvi Afve ‰es
6. AeKvVvGgvMZ `yeÆjZv BZÅvw`|
NUbv-2: RvwZmsN ˆNvwlZ D®²qGbi weGkl îvW gÅvcGK evÕ¦evqb Kivi RbÅ
‰wkqv AçGji ‰KwU ˆ`k AcPqGiva, `ybÆxwZ `gb, ivÓ¡ÇeÅeÕ©vq Õ¼œQZv I
K Revew`wnZv wbwøZKiGYi Dci mwZÅKvifvGe ài‚Z½ AvGivc KGi|
K. Rjevqy KvhÆKÌg Kx? 1
L L. ÛKmB D®²qGb Askx`vwiZ½ ˆKb cÉGqvRb? 2
M. NUbv-1 ‰ ÛKmB D®²qGbi ˆKvb weN³ZvGK wbG`Æk KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
N. NUbv-2 ‰ ‰wkqv AçGji ˆ`kwU ÛKmB D®²qGbi îvWgÅvc evÕ¦evqGb ˆhme
c`GÞc MÉnY Kij Zv Kx hG^Ó¡ eGj gGb Ki? gZvgZ `vI| 4
239. ˆbvqvLvjx wRjv Õ•zj
1. wbGPi QKwU jÞ Ki ‰es cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI: L. bvMwiGKi cÉavb KZÆeÅwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
KwZcq Qvò cywjGki 1969-1971 ‰i M. 'A' wPwn×Z Õ©vGb cÉGhvRÅ ivGÓ¡Çi Dcv`vbwUi ài‚Z½ eYÆbv KGiv| 3
àwjGZ kwn` gaÅeZÆx mgGqi wbeÆvPb N. mykvmb I `ybÆxwZgyÚ mgvR MVGb 'B' Dcv`vbwU ewjÓ¤ f„wgKv ivLGZ cvGi@
ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
X Y
7. wg. BgwZqvR wbqwgZ wewf®² aiGbi Ki cwiGkva KGib| m¯¦vbGì wkÞv I
Õ¼vGÕ©Åi eÅvcvGi wZwb êk mGPZb| ivGÓ¡Çi AwcÆZ `vwqZ½ cvjGbI wZwb êk
Av¯¦wiK| wZwb ivÓ¡Ç cÉ`î wewf®² myGhvM-myweavàGjv AevGa ˆfvM KiGZ ˆcGi êk
wbGRi gZ KGi K^v ejvi AwaKvi Av`vGqi hy«¬ Lywk|
AwaKvi Av`vq K. ivGÓ¡Çi Dcv`vb wnGmGe ‘miKvi’ mÁ·GKÆ MvbÆvGii gZwU DGÍÏL KGiv| 1
K. wewœQ®²Zvev`x KgÆmƒwP Kx? 1 L. AvBGbi Abykvmb ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
L. hyÚdÌ´Ÿ ˆKb MVb Kiv nq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 M. DóxcGKi cÉ^gvsGk bvMwiKZvi mvG^ mÁ·GKÆ ˆh welqwU BwãZ iGqGQ?
M. X ˆKvb AvG±`vjbGK BwãZ KiGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
N. X ‰i wbG`ÆwkZ NUbvi djvdj Y NUbvi gGaÅ wbwnZ@ DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ N. ‘bvMwiKZvi mvG^ mÁ·wKÆZ DcwiDÚ welq `ywU ciÕ·i wbfÆikxj I
`vI| 4 cwicƒiK’@ DóxcGKi AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
2. Rbve ‘K’ ‰KRb ivR‹bwZK ˆbZv| wZwb ‘L’ ˆ`Gki RvZxq wbeÆvPGb Rqx 8. wbGPi wPòwU jÞ Ki ‰es cÉkà² Gjvi Dîi `vI:
nb| wK¯§ KZ‡ÆcÞ ZvGK ÞgZv nÕ¦v¯¦i KGiwb| ZvB Rbve ‘K’-ˆK ˆMÉµ¦vi KGi
ˆRGj ivGL| ˆRj ˆ^GK gyÚ nGq wZwb ‘M’ ˆ`Gki ivÓ¡ÇcwZ nb| ˆ`kGK bZzbfvGe K L
cybMÆVGbi RbÅ wZwb AvBGbi gƒj eB iPbv, wkÞv cÉwZÓ¤vbmn êk wKQy bxwZ ŠZwii
c`GÞc MÉnY KGib| dÌv´Ö ‰KwU cÉÕ¦ve bvKP Kivi bvixi AwaKvi bvixGì wbivcG` AbÅ
K. evKkvj Kx? 1 Õ©vqx m`mÅ ÞgZv iGqGQ cÉwZÓ¤v ˆ`Gk KvR Kivi
L. AvgvGì Õ¼vaxbZv hy«¬GK MYhy«¬ ejv nq ˆKb? 2 cwiGek m†wÓ¡ Kiv
M. Rbve ‘K’ ‰i fvlYwU ˆZvgvi cvVÅeBGqi ˆKvb aviYvwUGK wbG`Æk KGi? wPò: RvwZmsGNi ‰KwU cÉavb Aã ‰es ‰KwU Aã msÕ©v DGÍÏL iGqGQ|
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 K. cÉ^g wek¼ bvix mGÁÃjb ˆKv^vq AbywÓ¤Z nq? 1
N. “M” ˆ`kGK mdj KiGZ Rbve ‘K’ ‰i c`GÞcàGjv ài‚Z½cƒYÆ| ˆZvgvi cvVÅ L. ‘gvbevwaKvi Qvov ˆKvGbv gvbyl cƒYÆvã nGZ cvGi bv|”@ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv|2
eBGqi AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 M. ‘K’ wPwn×Z wPGò RvwZmsGNi ˆKvb AãwUi DGÍÏL iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
3. cÉevmx Avjg mvGne ˆ`Gk ‰Gm jÞ Kij, XvKvq ˆh Mig ^vKvi K^v KÌv¯¦xq N. “bvixi ÞgZvqGbi ˆÞGò ‘L’ wPwn×Z Aã msÕ©vwUi hG^Ó¡ f„wgKv iGqGQ|”@
wèGmI ˆm cwigvY Mig ˆbB| mgyG`Ëi w`K ˆ^GK Avmv evqy I e†wÓ¡cvZ ZxeË DwÚwUi mvG^ Zzwg wK ‰gKZ? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
ZvcgvòvGK KwgGq w`GqGQ| wZwb RvbGZ cviGjb, AvR mvivivGZ ‰KevGii RbÅI 9. `†kÅcU-1: KGjR QywUi ci evGm DVwQj wKQy wkÞv^Æx| nVvr AbÅw`K ˆ^GK
Puv` ˆ`Lv hvGe bv| ‰ KviGY ˆgNbvi ˆgvnbvq PivçGji gvbyGliv weGkl mZKÆ êcGivqv MwZi AvGiKwU evm ZvGì Pvcv w`Gq PGj hvq| AKvGj SGo coj wKQy
AeÕ©vq ^vKj| ZvRv cÉvY|
K. c†wêxi KÞcGî Š`NÆÅ KZ wKGjvwgUvi? 1 `†kÅcU-2: NGii KvGR eÅÕ¦ wbjydv KLbB ˆLqvj KGi bv Zvi cGbGiv eQi eqmx
L. Avwk¼bv So ejGZ Kx êvS? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 ˆQGj ‘Avw`j’ ˆKv^vq hvq, Kvi mvG^ wgGk| ‰Kw`b ˆm RwoGq cGo wQbZvBGqi
M. Avjg mvGne hLb XvKvq Avmj ZLb evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb FZz PjwQj? eÅvLÅv gGZv AcivGai mvG^|
KGiv| 3 K. evsjvG`Gk wk÷kÉGgi cÉavb KviY Kx? 1
N. DÚ mgq PivçGji gvbyGli weGkl mZKÆveÕ©vq ^vKvi KviY gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 L. ‘Rwãev`’ ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
4. mvZÞxivi mvGKi evevi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki `wÞY-cƒeÆvçGj êovGZ ˆMj| M. `†kÅcU-1 ˆh mvgvwRK mgmÅvi BwãZ ˆ`q Zvi cÉfve eYÆbv KGiv| 3
ˆmLvGb ˆm ˆ`Gki mGeÆvœP cvnvomn AGbK cvnvo ˆ`Lj| ˆm ˆLqvj Kij ZvGì N. `†kÅcU-2 ‰ ‘Avw`j’ mswkÏÓ¡ mgmÅv mgvavGb evev-gvGqi mGPZbZvB ‰Kgvò
‰jvKvq ˆRvqvGii muÅvZmuÅvGZ ˆjvbv cvwbGZ ebf„wg MGo DVGjI ‰LvGb DuPz Dcvq@ Zzwg wK ‰ eÚGeÅi mvG^ ‰KgZ? ˆZvgvi gZvgZ ZzGj aGiv| 4
cvnvGoi IcGiB meyR ebf„wg MGo DGVGQ| 10. mvwbg bvGgi ‰K hyeK ‰Kmgq Lye kv¯¦ Õ¼fvGei wQj| MZ `yB eQi aGi
K. c†wêxi AbÅZg e†nr e-«¼xc ˆKvbwU? 1 ˆm e®¬yGì mvG^ wmwiGéi gvaÅGg gv`K ˆmeGb AfÅÕ¦ nGq cGoGQ| ‰Kgvm AvGM
L. evsjvG`Gki mxgvbv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 ˆ^GK mvwbg R¾i R¾i Abyfe KiGQ, mGã ÷KGbv Kvwk| Zvi IRbI `ËZ ‚ KGg
M. DóxcGKi mvGKGii êovGZ hvIqvi Õ©vbwU evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb f„cÉvK‡wZK hvGœQ| ˆm miKvwi nvmcvZvGj wMGq WvÚvi ˆ`LvGZ PvBGj bvg cÉKvGk AwbœQzK
AçGj AewÕ©Z? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ‰K eÅwÚ eGjb, ZvGK ‰Lb cvIqv hvGe bv| H eÅwÚ ejj, “AvgvGK UvKv w`Gj
N. Zzwg wK gGb Ki DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ `yGUv Õ©vGbi ebf„wg wf®² ŠewkGÓ¡Åi? WvÚvi ˆ`wLGq ˆè|” welqwU WvÚvi mvGne RvbGZ cviGj ˆjvKwUGK cywjGk
ˆZvgvi DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4 ˆmvc`Æ KGib|
5. AvwZK m`Å wek¼we`Åvjq ˆ^GK cvk KGi ivRkvnxGZ ‰KwU fvGjv PvKwi K. wKGkvi Aciva Kx? 1
ˆcGqGQ| Zvi ŠcwòK evwo PëMÉvg| AvwZK ivRkvnx kniwU NyGi ˆ`Lj ‰es L. Avw^ÆK `yiveÕ©v KxfvGe wk÷kÉg evwoGq ZzjGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
‰LvbKvi f„cÉK‡wZ, AvenvIqv, b`b`x I Rjevqyi mvG^ wbR AçGji Rjevqyi M. DóxcGKi mvwbg ˆKvb mvgvwRK mgmÅvq AvKÌv¯¦? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
wKQyUv cv^ÆKÅ ˆ`LGZ ˆcj| N. DóxcGKi DwÍÏwLZ ˆjvKwUi KgÆKví ˆh mvgvwRK mgmÅvGK wbG`Æk KiGQ Zv
K. KYÆdzwj b`xi Š`NÆÅ KZ? 1 cÉwZGivGa WvÚvi mvGnGei M†nxZ c`GÞc h^v^Æ wK? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
L. ˆmÉvZR ebf„wgi eYÆbv `vI| 2 11. wbGPi QKwU jÞ Ki ‰es cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI:
M. DóxcGK AvwZGKi KgÆÕ©Gji cvk w`Gq eGq hvIqv eo b`xwUi MwZc^ ˆ`Gki bvg A^Æ‹bwZK AveÕ©v
wPòmn eYÆbv KGiv| 3 A Drcv`Gbi DGókÅ meÆvwaK gybvdv ARÆb, kÉwgK cÉvGcÅi ˆPGq
N. AvwZGKi wbR ˆRjvi b`xàGjv A^Æ‹bwZK D®²qGb Kx f„wgKv ivLGQ? weGkÏlY
KGiv| 4 Kg gRywi cvq ‰es A^ÆbxwZGK gyÚ evRvi A^ÆbxwZ ejv nq|
6. wbGPi wPòwU jÞ Ki ‰es cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI: B eÅwÚMZ ˆKvGbv cÉwZÓ¤vb ^vGK bv, ivGÓ¡Çi DGókÅ nGjv
RbMGYi meÆvwaK KjÅvY mvab Kiv|
ivÓ¡Ç
K. DG`ÅvÚv KvGK eGj? 1
L. RvZxq mÁ·Gì Drm Kx? Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
RbMY A B mveÆGfŒgZ½ M. DóxcGKi 'A' ˆ`Gk ˆKvb aiGbi A^ÆeÅeÕ©v we`Ågvb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
K. bvMwiKZ½ ejGZ Kx êvS? 1 N. 'A' I 'B' ˆ`Gki A^ÆeÅeÕ©vi gGaÅ ˆKvbwU AwaK MÉnYGhvMÅ? gZvgZ `vI| 4
cwiwkÓ¡ 11
240. PëMÉvg AvBwWqvj nvB Õ•zj
1. cÉfvZ ˆdwi, cÉfvZ ˆdwi, Avgvi wbGe mGã? evsjv Avgvi ePb, 6. cÉK‡wZ fvwmÆwU e®¬ nGjB wewf®² RvqMvq êovGZ hvq| kxGZi QywUGZ
Avwg RG¯ÃwQ ‰B eGã| AvMvgxKvj Av¯¦RÆvwZK gvZ‡fvlv wèGmi AbyÓ¤vGb ‰evi ˆm eo gvgvi evmv cveÆZÅ PëMÉvg ˆMj| ˆmLvGb wMGq ˆm ˆ`LGZ
ivZzj Ave†wî KiGe| Zvi gv KweZvwU ˆkLvGœQb| ivZzGji Ave†wî ÷Gb e†«¬ ˆcj, ˆmLvbKvi ebàGjv meyR| ˆm RvbGZ cvij, ‰B ebàGjv mviv eQiB
`v`y ˆgvkviid mvGnGei Zuvi QvòRxeGbi ‰KwU AvG±`vjGbi K^v gGb meyR ^vGK| ˆm LyeB wewÕÃZ nGjv|
cGo ˆMj| ˆdeË‚qvwi gvGmi ˆmB w`b XvKv knGi Qvò-RbZv wekvj wgwQj K. ˆmÉvZR ev Mivb ebf„wg Kx? 1
wbGq 144 aviv fã KiGZ ivÕ¦vq êwiGq cGo| ÷i‚ nq cywjGki mvG^ L. eËþcyGòi kvLvb`x m†wÓ¡i KviGY eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
msNlÆ| ˆmB ˆMvjvàwjGZ AGbK kwn` nb| M. DóxcGK ˆKvb AçGi ebf„wgi K^v ejv nGqGQ? eYÆbv KGiv| 3
K. evOvwj RvZxqZvev` Kx? 1 N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ebf„wg QvovI Dw«¿Gì ŠewkÓ¡Å AbymvGi evsjvG`Gk
L. ‘Zgóyb gRwjm’ msMVbwUi DGókÅ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 Avi Kx Kx ebf„wg jÞ Kiv hvq? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGKi ˆgvkviid mvGnGei gGb cov AvG±`vjbwUi ˆcÉÞvcU eÅvLÅv 7. eZÆgvGb jvjLvb evRvGi dÑvBIfvGii KvR PjGQ| weÕ¦‡Z ‰jvKv RyGo
KGiv| 3 KvR Pjvq H ‰jvKvi RbMGYi hvZvhvGZi ˆÞGò êk Amyweav nGœQ|
N. ‘evOvwj RvZxqZvevGì weKvGk DÚ AvG±`vjb mKjGK HKÅe«¬ nVvr ‰Kw`b hvòxevnx ‰KwU evm dÑvBIfvGii RbÅ ˆLvov MGZÆ cGo hvq
KGiGQ’@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 ‰es wZbRb hvòx êk AvnZ nq| ‰GZ mvaviY RbZv weÞzº¬ nGq fvsPzi
2. wbwkGZi `v`v gywÚhyG«¬i mgq fviGZi ‰K wek¼we`ÅvjGq AaÅqbiZ
÷i‚ KGi| cywjk-iÅve ‰Gm AGbK ˆPÓ¡vi ci cwiwÕ©wZ wbq¯¨GY AvGb|
wQGjb| ˆm Zvi `v`vi KvGQ ÷GbGQ gywÚhyG«¬ weGk¼i AGbK ivÓ¡ÇB
K. ivÓ¡Ç Kx? 1
wewf®²fvGe mnGhvwMZv KGiGQ ‰es wek¼ RbgZ m†wÓ¡i jGÞÅ wbwkGZi
`v`vi gGZv AGbGKB cÉevGm ˆ^GK wbi¯¦i ˆPÓ¡v PvwjGq wMGqwQj| L. mveÆGfŒgZ½ ejGZ Kx êvSvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
K. gywÚGdŒR Kx? 1 M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ dÑvBIfvGii wbgÆvY ivGÓ¡Çi ˆKvb aiGbi KvR? eÅvLÅv
L. gywÚhyG«¬i FY ˆKvGbv w`b ˆkva nGe bv ˆKb? 2 KGiv| 3
M. “gywÚhyG«¬ wbwkGZi `v`vi gGZv AGbK cÉevmxB cGivÞfvGe AskMÉnY N. DóxcGKi weÞzº¬ RbZvGK wbq¯Ÿ Kiv ivGÓ¡Çi AbÅZg `vwqZ½’@
KGiwQj”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 DwÚwU ivGÓ¡Çi ˆKvb aiGbi KvGR A¯¦fzÆÚ? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
N. Õ¼vaxbZv hyG«¬i mgq wbwkGZi `v`v ˆh ˆ`Gk AeÕ©vb KiwQj ˆm 8. cÉ^g I w«¼Zxq wek¼hyG«¬i fqvenZv ˆ`GL nZfÁ¼ wek¼GbZviv| Zviv
ˆ`Gki f„wgKv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 hy«¬ e®¬ I kvw¯¦ cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ ‰gb ‰KwU cÉwZÓ¤vb KGib hv wek¼eÅvcx
3. NUbv-K: ‰wU R¯Ã wbGqwQj gvò 10 gvGm| ivGÓ¡Çi mGeÆvœP `wjj| D®²wZ, kvw¯¦, cÉMwZ I msnwZ cÉwZÓ¤vi eÅvcvGi cÉksmbxq f„wgKv cvjb KGi
NUbv-L: IRvjv Zvi evevi KvQ ˆ^GK 75 ‰i wbgÆg nZÅvKví mÁ·GKÆ hvGœQ|
Rvbj ˆh, RvwZGK ˆbZ‡Z½kƒbÅ Kivi RbÅ Õ¼vaxbZvweGivax kwÚ ‰B K. weZKÆ mfv KvGK eGj? 1
nZÅvKví NwUGqwQj| L. wbeÆvPKgíwj ejGZ Kx êvS? 2
K. evsjvG`Gki ciivÓ¡ÇbxwZi wfwî Kx? 1 M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msÕ©vwU ˆKvb msÕ©vGK wbG`Æk KiGQ? Zvi cUf„wg
L. ‘w«¼Zxq weµÏe’ KgÆmƒwP eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 eYÆbv KGiv| 3
M. NUbv-K DwÍÏwLZ ivGÓ¡Çi mGeÆvœP `wjjwUi ŠewkÓ¡Å eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msÕ©vq evsjvG`Gki kvw¯¦iÞx evwnbxi f„wgKv
N. NUbv-L DwÍÏwLZ welqwUi h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
4. 9.
R cÉYqbKvix msÕ©v K L
UN UN
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P ˆgqv` 2000-2015 2016-2030
K. Rjevqy KvhÆKÌg Kx? 1
Q L. Askx`vwiZ½ Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. QGK wbG`ÆwkZ ‘K’ ˆh welGqi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KiGQ Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
K. DcGK±`Ê KvGK eGj? 1 N. DóxcGK wbG`ÆwkZ ‘L’ AfxÓ¡ ARÆGb mÞg nGj evsjvG`k Kx Kx mydj
L. ‘wmmwgK wiÕ• ˆRvb’ KvGK eGj? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 cvGe eGj Zzwg gGb Ki? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGK 'P' wPwn×Z f„wgi…c ˆKvbwU? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 10. ‘K’ ˆ`k: Drcv`b I ˆfvGMi ˆÞGò Drcv`GKi Õ¼vaxbZv ˆbB|
N. 'Q' wPwn×Z f„wgi…cwU K‡wlR Drcv`Gbi ˆÞGò ài‚Z½cY
ƒ Æ f„wgKv cvjb eÅwÚMZ gybvdv ARÆGbi myGhvM ˆbB|
KGi@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4 ‘L’ ˆ`k: Drcv`b, e¥Ÿb I ˆfvM Õ¼vaxbfvGe cwiPvwjZ nGjI miKvwi
5. wbq¯Ÿ we`Ågvb| gybvdv ARÆbB cÉavb jÞÅ|
cÉvK‡wZK `yGhÆvGMi KviGY b`xi MwZc^ cwieZÆb KGi K. mÁ·` KvGK eGj? 1
‘C’ bvgK b`xi Drcwî nGqGQ| L. A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©v Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. ‘K’ ˆ`Gk Kx aiGbi A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©v we`Ågvb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
‘C’ b`x N. DóxcGK DGÍÏwLZ `ywU ˆ`Gki gGaÅ ˆKvb A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vwU
`wÞY-cƒeÆvçGji b`x ‘D’| hvi ˆgvnbvq weGk¼i evsjvG`Gki RbÅ cÉGhvRÅ? ˆZvgvi DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4
AwaKvsk ˆ`Gki evwYwRÅK KvhÆKÌg cwiPvwjZ nq| 11. cwòKv-A: ˆhŒZzGKi KviGY M†neay Lyb|
cwòKv-B: PëMÉvg-KÝevRvi gnvmoGK UÇvK DGÎŸ 6 Rb wbnZ|
‘D’ b`x K. `ybÆxwZ KvGK eGj? 1
K. Rjwe`yÅr KvGK eGj? 1 L. wKGkvi Aciva KvGK eGj? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
L. `wÞY ‰wkqvi ˆ`kàGjvGZ cÉPzi ˆmŒikwÚ cvIqv hvq ˆKb? 2 M. A cwòKvq DwÍÏwLZ NUbvi KviY eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
M. DóxcGK 'C' b`xi MwZc^ wPòmn eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. Zzwg Kx gGb Ki, KGVvi AvBb cÉYqbB B cwòKvq NUbv nËvm KiGZ
N. 'D' b`xwU evsjvG`Gki A^Æ‹bwZK D®²qGb weGkl f„wgKv ivLGQ| cvGi? gZvgZ `vI| 4
weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
241. êZvMx miKvwi cvBjU DœP we`Åvjq, eiàbv
1. ‰K mgq ‰G`Gk weGivax `jxq ˆbZvi cÞ ˆ^GK ‰KRb ivR‹bwZK K. AvBb KvGK eGj? 1
msÕ•vGii RbÅ cÉÕ¦ve Dïvcb Kiv nq| AvGgwiKvi hyÚivGÓ¡Çi c«¬wZi L. wkÞvweÕ¦vGi ivÓ¡Ç AwaK ài‚Z½ cÉ`vb KGi ˆKb? 2
gGZv ÷aygvò ˆ`kiÞv I ŠeG`wkK mÁ·KÆ evG` mKj ÞgZv M. Rbve ‘K’ ‰i gvaÅGg ivGÓ¡Çi ˆKvb Dcv`vbwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ?
AãivRÅàGjvGK cÉ`vb Kivi RbÅ wZwb `vwe Rvbvb| ‰gbwK Zvi `vwei eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
gGaÅ wbivcîvi RbÅ ivRÅàGjv mxwgZ cwimGi wbRÕ¼ evwnbx MVb KiGZ N. Rbve ‘K’ ‰i KvR «¼viv ivGÓ¡Çi ˆKvb aiGbi KvhÆvewjGK wbG`Æk KGi?
cviGe eGj `vwe Rvbvb| ivGÓ¡Çi A^Æ‹bwZK D®²wZi mvG^ DÚ KvRàGjvi weÕ¦‡wZ wbfÆi
K. KZ mvGj evsjvG`k KgbIGqj^ ‰i m`mÅ nq? 1 KGi’@gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
L. MYcwil` ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2 7. cÉ^g I w«¼Zxq wek¼hyG«¬i fqvenZv ˆ`GL nZfÁ¼ wek¼GbZviv| hy«¬
M. DwÍÏwLZ NUbv evsjvG`Gki ivRŠbwZK BwZnvGmi ˆKvb NUbvi mvG^ e®¬ I kvw¯¦ cÉwZÓ¤v KGib ‰gb ‰KwU cÉwZÓ¤vb hv wek¼eÅvcx D®²wZ kvw¯¦,
mÁ·wKÆZ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 cÉMwZ I msnwZ cÉwZÓ¤vi eÅvcvGi cÉksmbxq f„wgKv cvjb KGi hvGœQ|
N. Zzwg wK gGb KGi DÚ `vwe evOvwji RvZxq ˆPZbvi gƒGj weGÕ¹viY K. weZKÆ mfv KvGK eGj? 1
NUvq? hywÚmn ˆjGLv| 4 L. wbeÆvPK gíwj ejGZ Kx êvS? 2
2. nvmvb Zvi `v`vi mvG^ mKvGj evwnGi ˆMj| ˆm ˆ`Lj AGbK gvbyl M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msÕ©vwU ˆKvb msÕ©vGK wbG`Æk KiGQ? eÅvLÅv
Lvwj cvGq I dzj nvGZ nuvUGQ| ˆm `v`vi KvGQ welqwU mÁ·GKÆ RvbGZ KGiv| 3
PvBGjv| `v`v ZLb ejGjb “ˆdeË‚qvwi gvGm Qvò I mvaviY gvbyl 144 aviv N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ msÕ©vq evsjvG`Gki kvw¯¦iÞx evwnbxi gƒjÅvqb
fvãGZ XvKv knGii ivÕ¦vq êi nGqwQj| cywjGki àwjGZ ˆmw`b AGbGK KGiv| 4
kwn` nGqwQj|” 8. AvBwib ‘K’ ˆ`Gki bvMwiK| ivÓ¡Ç ZvGK Zvi ˆhvMÅZv I mvg^Æ
K. KZ mvGj hyÚdÌ´Ÿ wbeÆvPb nGqwQj? 1 Abyhvqx KvGRi eÅeÕ©v KGi ˆ`q ‰es me Pvwn`v ˆgUvq| wZwb Zvi cÉvcÅ
L. evOvwj RvZxqZvev` ejGZ Kx êvS? 2 Avq ˆ^GK ewçZ nb bv| Aciw`GK, wg. Rb ‘L’ ˆ`Gki bvMwiK| wZwb
M. DóxcGK ˆh AvG±`vjb êvSvGbv nGqGQ Zvi cUf„wg eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ‰KwU Uz^GcÕ¡ ˆKbvi RbÅ ˆ`vKvGb ˆMGj ˆ`vKvb`vi Zvi KvGQ êwk `vg
N. DÚ AvG±`vjGbi ARÆb weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 PvBGj wZwb cvGki ˆ`vKvb ˆ^GK `ËeÅwU KÌq KGib|
3. iwdK Zvi evevi mvG^ ‰KwU AbyÓ¤vGb wMGq cÉavb AwZwî eÚGeÅ K. DcGhvM KvGK eGj? 1
RvbGZ cvij ‰B miKvGii ˆbZ‡GZ½B evsjvG`k ivÓ¡ÇwUi R¯Ã nq ‰es ˆm L. mÁ·Gì mylg e¥ŸGbi cÉGqvRb nq ˆKb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
AvGiv Rvbj ˆh AGbK mvnmx gv-êvGbi ZÅvGMi gvaÅGg ˆ`k gvZ‡Kvi M. ‘K’ ˆ`Gk ˆKvb A^Æ‹bwZK AeÕ©v we`Ågvb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
hyG«¬ mdjZv AwRÆZ nGqGQ| Zvivgb weweI ZvGì ‰KRb| N. ‘L’ ˆ`Gki A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vi
K. BbGWgwbwU AaÅvG`k Kx? 1 ZzjbvgƒjK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
L. bvixi ÞgZvqb ejGZ Kx êvSvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 9. wbweo Zvi eB-LvZv, KÅvjKzGjUi, eÅvM, Kjg, ˆcw´Öj ‰gbfvGe
M. DóxcGK ˆh miKvGii K^v ejv nGqGQ Zvi MVb KvVvGgv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 eÅenvi KGi hvGZ bÓ¡ bv nq| wK¯§ Õ•zGj Lvevi cvwbi Kj ˆLvjv ˆ`LGjI
N. DóxcGK Zvivgb wewe ˆh ˆkÉwYi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGib Õ¼vaxbZv ARÆb e®¬ bv KGi ˆnGU PGj hvq| AbÅw`GK Zvi e®¬y ivwd wbGRi evmvq
Z½ivw®¼Z Kivi ˆÞGò ZvGì f„wgKv wQj AbÕ¼xKvhÆ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 AcÉGqvRbxq we`yÅr LiP KGi bv| ‰gbwK we`ÅvjGq Ah^v dÅvb PjGZ
4. gv 2011 mvGj RvcvGbi ‰KwU `yGhÆvGMi K^v eGjwQGjb| ˆm `yGhÆvGM ˆ`LGj e®¬ KGi ˆ`q| ZvQvov ˆKv^vI wKQy bÓ¡ nGZ ˆ`LGj KZ‡ÆcÞGK
mgy`ËZxGii ‰KwU kni cvwbi cÉej ˆmÉvGZ ˆfGm ˆhGZ ^vKj, evwo, Mvwo Rvbvq|
ˆmÉvGZi KvGQ wKQyB gGb nGjv bv| K. abZvw¯¨K A^ÆeÅeÕ©vq gybvdv ˆK MÉnY KGi? 1
K. evsjvG`k KZ wWwMÉ AÞGiLvq I `ËvwNgv îLvq AewÕ©Z? 1 L. ˆfvM ejGZ Kx eySvq? 2
L. evsjvG`Gki DîGii cvnvoàGjvGK wUjv ejv nq ˆKb? 2 M. DóxcGK ˆKvb aiGbi mÁ·Gì K^v eÅÚ Kiv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
M. ˆh cÉvK‡wZK NUbvi djvdj wnGmGe DcwiDÚ NUbv NGU wQj Zvi N. DÚ mÁ·` msiÞGY ivwdi M†nxZ DG`ÅvM wK hG^Ó¡? hywÚ `vI| 4
eÅvLÅv `vI| 3 10. mÁ·ÉwZ evsjvG`Gki PjwœPò eÅwÚZ½ wg÷K gywbi I ZvGiK gvmy`
N. DcGivÚ `yGhÆvGMi ˆcÉwÞGZ m†Ó¡ ÞqÞwZ wbimGb Kx aiGbi eÅeÕ©v moK `yNÆUbvq g†ZzÅeiY KGib| ‰GZ wgwWqvi mgvGjvPKMY PvjGKi
MÉnY Kiv ˆhGZ cvGi eGj Zzwg gGb KGiv? cvVÅcyÕ¦GKi AvGjvGK A`ÞZv I DchyÚ PvjK ŠZwii AcÉZzjZvGK `vqx KGib|
weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 K. AIDS ‰i cƒYÆvã i…c Kx? 1
5. ewikvj wRjv Õ•zGji `kg ˆkÉwYi wkÞv^Æxiv evsjvG`Gki `wÞY- L. ŠbivGRÅi aviYvwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
cƒeÆvçGj wkÞv mdGi hvq| Zviv ˆmLvGb ‰KwU b`x ˆ`LGZ cvq| 320 M. mgvGjvPKMY moK `yNÆUbvi ˆh KviY ˆ`wLGqGQb Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
wK.wg. Š`GNÆÅi ‰ b`xwU PëMÉvGgi wbKU w`Gq eGãvcmvMGi cGoGQ| ‰ N. AwZ mvÁ·ÉwZKvGj M†nxZ miKvGii c`GÞcmgƒn wK moK `yNÆUbv
b`xwUi AGbKàGjv Dcb`x iGqGQ| ‰B b`xi ZxGi MGo DGVGQ AGbK wkÍ¸ KgvGZ cvGi eGj Zzwg gGb Ki? hywÚmn eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
I KjKviLvbv| 11. mKvjGejv cwòKv LyjGZB Avjfxi ‰KwU msev` ˆPvGL cGo| ZvGZ
K. eËþcyò bGì Drcwî ˆKv^v ˆ^GK? 1 ˆjLv ‘M†nKòÆx «¼viv M†ncwiPvwjKvGK AgvbywlK wbhÆvZb’| ‰GZ Avjfxi
L. cvwbmÁ·` eÅeÕ©vcbvi aviYv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 gbUv Lye Lvivc nGq ˆMj| cwòKvi ˆkl cvZvq AvGiKwU msevG` Zvi
M. DóxcGK ˆKvb b`xwUi eYÆbv Kiv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ˆPvL AvUGK hvq| ˆmLvGb QweGZ ˆ`Lj AvUK‡Z `y’Rb hyeK| wbGP ˆjLv,
N. Zzwg wK gGb Ki DÚ b`x ÷ay eÅemv evwYGRÅi RbÅ Myi‚Z½cYƒ Æ? ˆZvgvi DMÉcw¯© mG±`Gn ˆMÉdZvi|
gZvgZ `vI| 4 K. mvgvwRK gƒjÅGeva Kx? 1
L. `vwi`Ë KxfvGe ‘wk÷kÉg’ m†wÓ¡ KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
6. Rbve ‘K’ ‰KwU ˆ`Gki wbeÆvwPZ ‰KRb RbcÉwZwbwa| wZwb RvwZGK
M. Avjfxi ˆ`Lv DóxcGKi cÉ^g msev`wU ˆZvgvi cvVÅeBGqi ˆKvb
wkwÞZ KGi MGo ˆZvjvi RbÅ wkÞv^ÆxGì gvGS webvgƒGj cvVÅcyÕ¦K weZiY
mvgvwRK mgmÅvGK wbG`Æk KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
I Dce†wîi eÅeÕ©v KGib| wZwb bvix I eqÕ• wkÞvi Dci êwk ài‚Z½ N. ivÓ¡Çxq I mvgvwRK RxeGb Avjfxi ˆ`Lv DóxcGKi 2q msev`wUi
ˆ`b| cÉfve weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
cwiwkÓ¡ 13
242. SvjKvwV miKvwi DœP we`Åvjq
1. NUbv-1: ‘K’ ˆ`kwU `yB fvGM wefÚ| ˆ`kwUi ‰K fvGMi kvmbKZÆv AbÅ 6. mvwenvi NGi ˆKD AbygwZ Qvov cÉGek KiGZ cvGi bv, ˆKD Zvi eBGq nvZ w`GZ
fvGMi RbMGYi fvlv-msÕ•‡wZ cvjGb ZxeË evav m†wÓ¡ KGi| AGbK AvG±`vjb I cvGi bv| wKsev BGœQgGZv hv Lywk Zv KiGZ cvGi bv| ÷ay mvwenvi NwbÓ¤ KGqKRb
ZÅvGMi gvaÅGg AbÅ fvGMi gvbyl ZvGì fvlvi ghÆv`v wdGi cvq| ev®¬exi ‰B NGi cÉGekvwaKvi AvGQ, Zviv ‰LvGb weGkl wKQy myweavI ˆfvM KGi|
NUbv-2: ‘L’ ˆ`kwUi ˆbZv ZvGì ˆ`Gki cÉwZ Pig ŠelgÅgƒjK AvPiY I AeGnjvi ZvBGZv mvwenvi ev®¬exivI ‰B NGii cÉwZ wKQy `vwqZ½-KZÆeÅ cvj KGi ^vGK|
wei‚G«¬ AvG±`vjb ˆRvi`vi KGib| wZwb 1966 mvGji 5-6B ˆdeË‚qvwi jvGnvGii K. AvBGbi AbykvmGbi `ywU aviYv Kx Kx? 1
‰K mGÁÃjGb wewf®² `vwe-`vIqv ZzGj aGib, hv Zvi ˆ`Gki gvbylGK Õ¼vaxbZvi gG¯¨ L. bÅvqGeva ejGZ Kx êvS? 2
DäxweZ KGi| M. mvwenvi NGii ŠewkÓ¡Åi mvG^ ivGÓ¡Çi ˆKvb Dcv`vGbi wgj LyuGR cvI? eÅvLÅv
K. evOvwj RvZxqZvev` ejGZ Kx êvS? 1 KGiv| 3
L. 1970 ‰i wbeÆvPGbi ài‚Z½ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 N. NGii cÉwZ mvwenvi ev®¬exGì wKQy `vwqZ½ I KZÆeÅ iGqGQ, ˆZgwb ivGÓ¡Çi cÉwZ
M. NUbv-1-‰ evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb HwZnvwmK NUbvGK BwãZ Kiv nGqGQ? Zvi ˆZvgvi Kx Kx `vwqZ½ I KZÆeÅ iGqGQ Zv weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
cUf„wg eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 7.
N. NUbv-2-‰i welqwU cieZÆxKvGj evOvwj RvwZi gywÚi mb` wnGmGe cÉKvk cvq K L
Zzwg wK ‰KgZ? ˆZvgvi DîGii cGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4
2. RybvGq` ‰KwU ivR‹bwZK `Gji mwKÌq KgÆx| ˆm Zvi `Gji evwlÆK mGÁÃjGbi dÌv´Ö ‰KwU cÉÕ¦ve bvKP Kivi bvixi AwaKvi bvixGì wbivcG` AbÅ
BsGiwRGZ ˆjLv Avg¯Ÿcò wbGq Õ©vbxq mgvRKgÆx nvmvb mvGnGei KvGQ hvq| Õ©vqx m`mÅ ÞgZv iGqGQ cÉwZÓ¤v ˆ`Gk KvR Kivi
wZwb Avg¯Ÿ MÉnY KGi RybvGq`GK eGjb, “còwU evsjvq wjLGjB my±ì nGZv| cwiGek m†wÓ¡ Kiv
Avcwb nqGZv RvGbb, ‰ ˆ`Gki ‰KwU ivR‹bwZK `j cvwKÕ¦vb AvgGj MwVZ nGq wPò: wPGò RvwZmsGNi ‰KwU cÉavb Aã ‰es ‰KwU AãmsÕ©vi DGÍÏL iGqGQ
fvlv AvG±`vjGbi ˆPZbv eyGK aviY KGi evOvwji me AvG±`vjGbi ˆbZ‡Z½ w`GqGQ| K. cÉ^g wek¼ bvix mGÁÃjb ˆKv^vq AbywÓ¤Z nq? 1
Avkv Kwi, Avcbvi `jI ˆZgb f„wgKv cvjb KiGe|” L. “gvbevwaKvi Qvov ˆKvGbv gvbyl cƒYÆvã nGZ cvGi bv”@DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
K. 1965 mvGj AvBqye Lvb KqRb ˆgÁ¼vGii ˆfvGU ˆcÉwmGW´Ÿ nb? 1 M. ‘K’ wPwn×Z wPGò RvwZmsGNi ˆKvb AãwUi DGÍÏL iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
N. “bvixi ÞgZvqGbi ˆÞGò ‘L’ wPwn×Z AãsÕ©vwUi hG^Ó¡ f„wgKv iGqGQ|”
L. evOvwj RvwZi gywÚi mb` eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
DwÚwUi mvG^ Zzwg wK ‰KgZ? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
M. ˆKvb ˆPZbvq D«¼y«¬ nGq nvmvb mvGne RybvGq`GK K^vàGjv eGjGQb? 3
8. Kwig wgqv ‰KRb K‡lK| dmGji Drcv`b evovGbvi DGóGkÅ wZwb Zvi
N. nvmvb mvGnGei ejv cvwKÕ¦vb AvgGji beMwVZ ivR‹bwZK `jwUi avivevwnK
RwgGZ ivmvqwbK mvi I KxUbvkK cÉGqvM KGib| eZÆgvGb miKvi fZzÆwKmn
AvG±`vjGbi dmj nGjv AvRGKi Õ¼vaxb evsjvG`k@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 K‡lKGì Jla mieivn Kivq Kwig wgqvGì gGZv K‡lKGì KvGQ Zv AviI
3. Rbve ‘K’ ‰KRb ivR‹bwZK ˆbZv| wZwb ‘M’ ˆ`Gki RvZxq wbeÆvPGb Rqx mnRjfÅ nGqGQ| dGj ‰Kw`GK dmGji Drcv`b evoGjI AbÅw`GK ‰i wecixZ
nb| wK¯§ KZ‡ÆcÞ ZvGK ÞgZv nÕ¦v¯¦i KGiwb| ZvB Rbve ‘K’ ˆ`Gki RbMGYi wKÌqv AvgvGì cwiGekGK wechÆÕ¦ KiGQ|
mvgGb ‰KwU fvlY cÉ`vb KGib| Zvi fvlY ÷Gb gvbyl ‰KwòZ nGq AvG±`vjb ÷i‚ K. ÛKmB D®²qb Kx? 1
KGi| cywjk Rbve ‘K’ ˆK ˆMÉdZvi KGi ˆRGj ivGL| ˆRj ˆ^GK gyÚ nGq wZwb ‘M’ L. AvgvGì mvgwMÉK cwiGek wechÆÕ¦ nGœQ ˆKb? 2
ˆ`Gki ivÓ¡ÇcwZ nb| ˆ`kGK bZzbfvGe cybMÆVGbi RbÅ wZwb AvBGbi gƒj eB iPbv, M. Kwig wgqvi KgÆKví cwiGeGki Dci Kxi…c cÉfve ˆdjGe? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
wkÞv cÉwZÓ¤vbmn êwkwKQy c`GÞc MÉnY KGib| N. DóxcGK KvhÆKjvc ÛKmB D®²qb ewnfƒÆZ KgÆKví DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ cÉ`vb
K. evKkvj Kx? 1 KGiv| 4
L. AvgvGì Õ¼vaxbZv hy«¬GK MYhy«¬ ejv nq ˆKb? 2 9. kni ‰jvKvq we÷«¬ cvwb mieivGni jGÞÅ ˆcŒimfvàGjv knGii wewf®²
M. Rbve ‘K’ ‰i fvlYwU ˆZvgvi cvVÅeBGqi ˆKvb aviYvwUGK wbG`Æk KGi? RvqMvq cvwbi UÅvGci eÅeÕ©v KGiGQ| wK¯§ `ytGLi welq nGjv hvGì myweavi RbÅ
‰B eÅeÕ©v ZvivB ‰B mÁ·Gì AcPq KiGQ|
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
K. Drcv`b Kx? 1
N. “M ˆ`kGK mdj KiGZ Rbve ‘K’ ‰i c`GÞcàGjv ài‚Z½cƒYÆ wQj” ˆZvgvi
L. mÁ·` ejGZ Kx êvSvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
cvVÅeBGqi AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 M. DóxcGK ˆKvb aiGbi mÁ·Gì K^v ejv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
4. `†kÅcU-1: wg. wjUb cwievi wbGq KzwgÍÏvq ^vGKb| wZwb ‰KÕ©vGb êovGZ N. DÚ mÁ·` msiÞY I AcPq îvGa cÉwZwU bvMwiK Z^v `vwqZ½ cÉvµ¦
hvb| ‰LvbKvi ebvçj mviv eQi meyR ^vGK ‰es cvnvoàGjv êGj I ˆkj cvî cÉwZÓ¤vGbi h^vh^ `vwqZ½ cvjb Kiv AvekÅK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
«¼viv MwVZ| 10. Avwèv evsjvG`Gki msweavGbi eBGZ evsjvG`Gk wk÷Gì AwaKvi welqwU
`†kÅcU-2: wmdvZ Õ•zj ˆ^GK wkÞv mdGi bIMuvi cvnvocyi êŒ«¬ wenvGi êovGZ ˆ`LGZ cvq| ‰K chÆvGq ˆm Zvi gvGqi KvQ ˆ^GK bvixi cÉwZ mwnsmZvi cÉfve
hvq| ˆmLvbKvi jvjGP gvwU ˆ`GL ˆm gy™¬ nq| mÁ·GKÆ RvbGZ cvGi|
K. dGZvqv Kx? 1
K. jvjgvB cvnvGoi AvqZb KZ? 1
L. AwZ Þz`Ë ‰K weGkl aiGbi ‰w´ŸfvBivGmi aviYv ˆjGLv| 2
L. ˆgŒmywg Rjevqy ejGZ Kx êvSvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. Avwèvi ˆ`Lv welqeÕ§wU ˆZvgvi cvVÅeBGqi AvGjvGK eYÆbv KGiv| 3
M. wg. wjUGbi ögYK‡Z AçjwU evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb f„-cÉvK‡wZK AçjGK wbG`Æk N. Avwèv gvGqi KvQ ˆ^GK Rvbv welqeÕ§wU îvGa AvBwb cÉwZKvGii ZzjbvgƒjK
KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
N. wg. wjUGbi emevmiZ I wmdvGZi wkÞv mdGii Õ©vb `ywUGZ K‡wl Dcv`Gbi 11.
ˆÞGò wf®²Zv AvGQ? gZvgZ `vI| 4 QK-1 QK-2
5. ei‚Y wUwfGZ evsjvG`Gki b`-b`x I A^ÆbxwZ kxlÆK ‰KwU mwPò cÉwZGe`b ˆhŒb nqivwb, ‰wmW wbGÞc, mveÆÞwYK R¾i I Wvqwiqv, ÷Kbv
ˆ`LwQj| ˆmLvGb ˆ`LvGbv nGjv evsjvG`Gki Dîi, cƒeÆ I cwøg w`K ˆ^GK cÉevwnZ bvix I wk÷ cvPvi Kvwk, Nvi eÅ^v
nGq eGãvcmvMGi cwZZ nGqGQ| K. Militare kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1
K. bvd b`xi Š`NÆÅ KZ? 1 L. mgvRRxeGb `ybÆxwZi cÉfve eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
L. KÌv¯¦xq wPiwnir ‰es còcZbkxj ebf„wgi eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 M. QK-1 ‰ ˆh mvgvwRK mgmÅvi K^v ejv nGqGQ Zv cÉwZGivGa AvBwb weavbàGjv
M. wUwf AbyÓ¤vGb ei‚GYi ˆ`Lv ˆ`kwUi cÉavb `yBwU b`xi MwZc^ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
N. DÚ ˆ`Gki b`-b`xàGjv cÉwZ eQi K‡wl f„wgàGjvGK be-Rxeb `vb KGi N. QK-2 ‰ ˆKvb mgmÅvi K^v ejv nGqGQ? ‰i RbÅ `vqx KviYàGjv DGÍÏL KGi
weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 ‰i cÉwZGivGai DcvqàGjv weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
243. AvgZjx gwdR Dwób evwjKv DœP we`Åvjq, eiàbv
1. cvwKÕ¦vb ivGÓ¡Çi wei‚G«¬ evsjvi RbMGYi Õ¼ZtÕ¹„ZÆ I ài‚Z½cYƒ Æ ‰KwU K. ivGÓ¡Çi ˆgŒwjK KvR Kx? 1
AvG±`vjGb wek¼we`ÅvjGqi ‰KRb Qvò ‰es ‰KRb wkÞK wbnZ nb| L. wePvimsKÌv¯¦ AvBGbi Drm ejGZ Kx eyS? 2
K. “ÕÃ†wZi wgbvi” KweZvwU ˆK iPbv KGib? 1 M. AvBGbi ŠewkÓ¡Åmgƒn AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
L. evsjvG`Gki gywÚhyG«¬ Qvò mgvGRi f„wgKv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 N. “mykvmb cÉwZÓ¤vq AvBGbi Abykvmb AZÅ¯¦ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ”@DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ AvG±`vjGbi eYÆbv KGiv| 3 7. gvgyb mvGne evsjvG`k mkÕ¨ evwnbxi ‰KRb KgÆKZÆv| wZwb ‰KwU
N. 1971 mvGji gnvb gywÚhyG«¬ DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ AvG±`vjGbi cÉfve weGkÏlY Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vi AaxGb wmGqivwjIGb KvGR wbGqvwRZ| wZwb ˆmLvbKvi
KGiv| 4 weev`gvb `jàGjvi gGaÅ Avjvc-AvGjvPbvi gvaÅGg `xNÆw`Gbi mkÕ¨ msNlÆ e®¬
2. wbGPi QKwU ˆ`L ‰es cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI: KiGZ mÞg nb|
K ˆ`k L ˆ`k K. WHO ‰i cƒYÆi…c wK? 1
L. wmWI mb` Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
gywÚGhv«¬vGì cÉwkÞY mnvbyf„wZkxj nIqv M. gvgyb mvGne ˆh Av¯¦RÆvwZK msÕ©vi wgkGb AvGQb Zvi DGókÅmgƒn eÅvLÅv
kiYv^ÆxGì AvkÉq `vb wek¼ weGeKGK RvMÉZ Kiv KGiv| 3
gywÚGhv«¬vGì AÕ¨ mievivn gywÚhyG«¬i cGÞi cÉPvGii cÉavb ˆK±`Ê| N. Zzwg Kx gGb Ki DÚ msÕ©vi AãmsÕ©vbmgƒn evsjvG`Gki wewf®² D®²qbgƒjK
K. gywRebMi miKvGii A^Æg¯¨x ˆK wQGjb? 1 KvhÆKÌg cwiPvjbv KiGQ? hywÚ `vI| 4
L. evsjvG`Gki gywÚhyG«¬ bvixGì f„wgKv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 8.
M. DóxcGK ‘L’ ˆ`kwUGK ˆKvb ˆ`k wnGmGe wPwn×Z Kiv hvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ˆ`k A^Æ eÅeÕ©v
N. Zzwg wK gGb Ki ‘K’ ˆ`kwU AvgvGì Õ¼vaxbZv ARÆGbi ˆÞGò cÉZÅÞ f„wgKv A Drcv`Gbi Dcv`vbmgƒGni eÅwÚMZ gvwjKvbv, gybvdv
cvjb KGiwQj? hywÚ `vI| 4 ARÆb, kÉwgK ˆkvlY|
3. wbGPi wPòwU ˆ`L ‰es cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI: B miKvwi I êmiKvwi LvGZi mnAeÕ©vb, cÉwZGhvwMZv,
gybvdv ARÆb|
K (8%)
QK: A^ÆeÅeÕ©v
L K. DG`ÅvÚv KvGK eGj? 1
L. gƒjab ejGZ Kx eySvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M M. ˆ`kwUGZ ˆKvb aiGbi A^ÆeÅeÕ©v wbG`Æk KGiGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
N. B ˆ`Gki Zzjvbvq A ˆ`Gki A^ÆeÅeÕ©vq kÉwgK ‰es Avq e¥ŸGb AmgZv êwk
wPò: f„cÉK‡wZi weÕ¦‡wZi cwigvc ˆ`Lv hvq@gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
9.
K. c†wêxi AbÅZg e†nîg e«¼xc ˆKvbwU? 1
L. evsjvG`Gki DîGii cvnvoàGjvGK ‘wUjv’ ejv nq ˆKb? 2 igbv cvKÆ exiGkÉÓ¤ Rvnvãxi moK eGi±`Ê Rv`yNi
M. DóxcGKi ‘L’ wPwn×Z fzwgi…c ˆKvbwU? eYÆbv `vI| 3 cÉ`î QK
N. ‘M’ wPwn×Z f„wgi…cwU K‡wlRvZ `ËeÅ Drcv`Gbi ˆÞGò ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb K. A^ÆbxwZGZ Afve KvGK eGj? 1
KGi@ ˆZvgvi cwVZ welqeÕ§i AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 L. mÁ·Gì cÉvPzhÆZv ejGZ Kx eySvq? 2
M. QGKi welqàGjv ˆKvb aiGbi mÁ·Gì A¯¦fzÆÚ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
4. cjvk mÁ·ÉwZ wek¼we`ÅvjGq ˆjLvcov ˆkl KGi ivRkvnxGZ ‰KwU fvGjv
N. “mGPZbZvB DÚ mÁ·Gì AceÅenvi I AcPq îvGai ‰Kgvò
PvKwi ˆcGqGQ| Zvi ŠcwòK evwo PëMÉvGg| cjvk ivRkvnx kniwU NyGi ˆ`Lj ‰es
Dcvq”@DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
‰LvbKvi f„-cÉK‡wZ, AvenvIqv b`-b`x I Rjevqyi mvG^ wbGRi AçGji Rjevqyi
10. NUbv-1: Rbve ‘K’ ‰KwU cÉwZÓ¤vGbi cÉavb KgÆKZÆv| wZwb cÉwZwbwqZ wbGRi
wKQyUv cv^ÆKÅ ˆ`LGZ ˆcj|
jvGfi RbÅ cÉwZÓ¤vbGK eÅenvi KGib| ˆKvÁ·vwbi LiGP wZwb wewf®² ˆ`Gk ögY
K. eËþcyò bGì Drcwî ˆKv^v ˆ^GK? 1
KGib|
L. ˆmÉvZR ebf„wgi eYÆbv `vI| 2
NUbv-2: Õ•zj QywUi cGi Anbv Zvi ev®¬exGì mvG^ ivÕ¦vi cvGk Mvwoi RbÅ
M. DóxcGKi cjvGki KgÆÕ©Gji cvk w`Gq eGq hvIqv eo b`xwUi MwZc^
AGcÞv KiwQj| nVvr ‰KwU UÇvK `ËZ ‚ MwZGZ AbÅ ‰KwU evmGK IfviGUK KiGZ
wPòmn eYÆbv KGiv| 3
wMGq ZvGìGK avØv ˆ`q| dGj Zviv `yB ev®¬ex ài‚Zi AvnZ nq|
N. cjvGki wbR ˆRjvq b`xàGjv A^Æ‹bwZK D®²qGb Kx f„wgKv ivLGQ? weGkÏlY
KGiv| 4 K. bvixi cÉwZ mwnsmZv ejGZ Kx eyS? 1
L. ‰BWm AvKÌv¯¦ îvMxi kvixwiKfvGe g†ZzÅi cƒGeÆB gvbwmK g†ZzÅ NGU ˆKb?
5. B
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
RbMY
M. Rbve ‘K’ ‰i ˆÞGò ˆKvb aiGbi mvgvwRK mgmÅv cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv
C KGiv| 3
wbw`ÆÓ¡ f„Lí ivÓ¡Ç A N. NUbv-2: ˆKvb aiGbi mvgvwRK mgmÅvGK wbG`Æk KiGQ? DÚ mgmÅv wbimGb
cÉGqvRbxq c`GÞcmgƒn AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
miKvi 11. evsjvG`Gki wkwki `xNÆw`b AvwdÌKvi ‰KwU ˆ`Gk KgÆiZ wQGjb| ˆ`Gk
D wdGi AvmGj Zvi WvGqwiqv I R¾i nq| mvG^ KvwkI ˆ`Lv ˆ`q| `xNÆ wPwKrmvi ci
K. AÅvwiÕ¡Uj cÉ`î bvMwiGKi msævwU ˆjGLv? 1 myÕ©Zvi cwieGZÆ AwZwiÚ Ae`vb Abyfe KGi| axGi axGi KgÆnxb nGq cGo| Õ¼vgx
L. AvBGbi Drm wnGmGe aGgÆi cÉfve eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 Õ¨xi gGaÅ mÁ·GKÆi AebwZ NGU| ‰K chÆvGq Õ¨x ZvGK ˆQGo PGj hvq|
M. "A" wPwn×Z Õ©vGb cÉGhvRÅ ivGÓ¡Çi Dcv`vbwUi ài‚Z½ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 K. mvgvwRK ŠbivRÅ Kx? 1
N. "D" Dcv`vbwU mykvmb I `ybÆxwZgyÚ mgvR cÉwZÓ¤vq ewjÓ¤ Ae`vb ivLGZ L. mvgvwRK gƒjÅGeva ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
cvGi@ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4 M. Rbve wkwki ‰i mgmÅvwU evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb mvgvwRK mgmÅvGK wbG`Æk KGi?
6. mgvGRi kvw¯¦-k†›Ljv eRvq ivLvi RbÅ AvBGbi cÉGqvRb| mgvR I ivÓ¡Ç eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
KZ‡ÆK Õ¼xK‡Z mywbw`ÆÓ¡ wbqGgi mgwÓ¡B nGjv AvBb| mykvmb cÉwZÓ¤vq AvBGbi N. Rbve wkwki ‰i mgmÅv ˆgvKvwejvq Zvi Õ¨xi c`GÞcwU wK h^v^Æ? ˆZvgvi
Abykvmb AZÅ¯¦ ài‚Z½cYƒ Æ| gZvgZ `vI| 4
cwiwkÓ¡ 15
244. cUzqvLvjx miKvwi Rywejx DœP we`Åvjq
1. weij mÁÃvb Avi kÉ«¬vi AvmGb 21ˆk ˆdeË‚qvwi AvR mvivweGk¼ ˆfGO wMGq KGqKwU ‰jvKvq we`yÅr jvBb wewœQ®² nq hvGœQ| `yGhÆvMwUi fqvenZv
Av¯¦RÆvwZK gvZ‡fvlv wèm wnGmGe Õ¼xK‡wZ jvf KGiGQ| wK¯§ ‰ ARÆb mnR cG^ ˆ`GL mvwe»i wbGRi ˆ`Gk ‰i fqvenZv cÉwZGivGa cƒeÆ cÉÕ§†wZgƒjK c`GÞc MÉnGYi
AvGmwb| wbGRGì gvZ‡fvlvq K^v ejvi RbÅ, wbGRi fvlvq wkÞv ARÆGbi AwaKvi cÉGqvRbxqZv Abyfe KGib|
iÞvi RbÅ ‰ ˆ`Gki Qvò-RbZv ivRcG^ wbGRGì eyGK ZvRv iÚ DrmMÆ KGiwQj| K. wPKbvàj Kx? 1
‰ AvG±`vjGbi gvaÅGg evOvwj AvG±`vjGbi msMÉvgx ˆPZbv MÉnY KGiwQj| hvi dj L. Kvj‹ekvLx avibvwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
AvRGKi Õ¼vaxb mveÆGfŒg evsjvG`k| M. DÚ cÉwZGe`bwUGZ mvwe»Gii ˆ`Lv `yGhÆvMwU m†wÓ¡i KviY eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
K. KZ mvGj ivÓ¡Çfvlv AvG±`vjb NGUwQj? 1 N. mvwe»i `yGhÆvMwUi SzuwK ˆgvKvwejvq Kx aiGbi cƒeÆ cÉÕ§wZgƒjK c`GÞGci
L. ‘69 ‰i MYAfyÅïvGbi AbÅZg KviY Kx wQj? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 cÉGqvRbxqZv Abyfe KGib, cwVZ welqeÕ§i AvGjvGK eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ AvG±`vjGbi gvaÅGg evOvwj KxfvGe RvZxqZvevG` D«¼y«¬ 7. e†«¬ nvmgZ XvKvq wiKkv Pvjvb| wZwb Zvi ŠkkGei ÕÃ†wZPviY KiGZ wMGq
nq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 eGjb, wZe»GZi gvbm mGivei ˆ^GK ˆh bGì Drcwî nGqGQ ˆm bG` Avgiv ˆQvU
N. ‘AvG±`vjGbi c^ aGiB AvRGKi ‰B Õ¼vaxbZv mveÆGfŒg evsjvG`k’ êjvq ˆbŒKv PvjvZvg, gvQ aiZvg, Avi H bGì ZxGiB AvgvGì evwo| AGbKw`b
cvVÅcyÕ¦GKi AvGjvGK DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv wbYÆq KGiv| 4 nGjv evwo hvB bv, Avgvi wPiGPbv gyL Avi ˆ`LGZ cvB bv| A^P ‰B b`GK ˆK±`Ê
KGiB AvgvGì MÉvgwU MwVZ nGqGQ|
2. Rbve ingvb ‰KRb RbwcÉq AvçwjK ˆbZv| wZwb RMGYi AwaKvi Av`vGq
K. bvd b`xi Š`NÆÅ KZ wK.wg.? 1
êkwKQy c`GÞc MÉnY KGib| wZwb kvmKGMvÓ¤xi wbKU Zvi AçGji RbÅ `vwe
L. ‘KYÆdzwj evsjvG`Gki `wÞY cƒeÆvçGji cÉavb b`x’@eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
KGib eÅemv-evwYRÅ, eÅvsK cwiPvjbvi ÞgZv, cÉwZiÞv I AbÅvbÅ ˆ`Gki mvG^
M. wiKvkvPvjK nvmgZ ˆh b`xi K^v eGjGQb cvVÅ cyÕ¦GKi AvGjvGK Zvi eÅvLÅv
mÁ·KÆ, meÆRbxb ˆfvUvwaKvGii gvaÅGg ˆK±`Êxq I AvBbmfv MVb, ivRÕ¼ Av`vGqi
KGiv| 3
ÞgZv| N. Zzwg wK gGb Ki, nvmgGZi evwoi gGZv AbÅvbÅ RbemwZi mvG^ iGqGQ b`-
K. 1972 mvGj evsjvG`Gk `vwiG`ËÅi nvi KZ kZvsk wQj? 1 b`xi mÁ·KÆ? gZvgGZi mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4
L. eãe®¬yi ‘w«¼Zxq weµÏe KgÆmƒwP’ ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2 8. K I L `ywU cvkvcvwk ivÓ¡Ç| ‘K’ ivÓ¡Ç Zvi AfÅ¯¦ixY mKj eÅwÚ I cÉwZÓ¤vGbi
M. Rbve ingvb-‰i `vwebvgvq eãe®¬yi ˆKvb KgÆmƒwPi cÉwZdjb NGUGQ? eÅvLÅv Ici KZ‡ÆGZ½i AwaKvix ‰es ewntkwÚi wbq¯ŸgyÚ| ZGe ivÓ¡ÇwUi RbMGYi mÁ·Gì
KGiv| 3 Ici ˆKvGbv iKg eÅwÚgvwjKvbv ˆbB| AbÅw`GK ‘L’ ivGÓ¡Çi RbMY wbRÕ¼ mÁ·`
N. ‘DÚ `vwebvgv evsjvG`Gki Õ¼vwaKvi AvG±`vjGbi ˆÞò cÉÕ§Z KGiwQj|’ DwÚwU Õ¼vaxbfvGe ˆfvM I nÕ¦v¯¦i KiGZ cvGi ‰es ‰KK ev ˆMvÓ¤xe«¬fvGe Drcv`Gbi
gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 DG`ÅvM MÉnY KiGZ cvGi|
3. hy«¬wea»Õ¦ AeKvVvGgv, A^Ækbƒ Å ˆKvlvMvi I Õ¼Rb nvivGbvi ê`bv I nvnvKvi K. RvwZmsGNi cÉkvmwbK wefvMGK Kx ejv nq? 1
wbGq ÷i‚ nq eãe®¬y miKvGii hvòv| ‰ miKvi ivÓ¡Ç cwiPvjbvi msweavb cÉYqb L. ‘cÉ^v nGœQ AvBGbi meGPGq cÉvPxbZg Drm’@eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
KGi ZvGZ gywÚhyG«¬i cÉwZdjb NUvq| ‰ miKvi wkÞv, wkÍ¸, Lv`Å, A^ÆbxwZ cÉf‡wZ M. ‘K’ ivGÓ¡Ç MVGbi ˆKvb Dcv`vGbi BwãZ iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
ˆÞGò KvhÆKi c`GÞc MÉnY KGi ‰es wgòevwnbxGK ˆdiZ cvVvGbvmn N. ‘L’ ivGÓ¡Çi A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vi ŠewkÓ¡Åmgƒn weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
ciivÓ¡ÇbxwZi ˆÞGò Dä¾j fvegƒwZÆ cÉwZÓ¤v KGi| 9. evsjvG`k mkÕ¨ evwnbxGZ KgÆiZ wZw®²i evev ‰KwU weGkl msÕ©vi AaxGb
K. Õ¼vaxbZvi ˆNvlYv KLb msweavGb A¯¦fzÚ Æ nq? 1 wjweqvq KgÆiZ wQGjb| ˆ`Gk wdGi wZwb Zvi KvGRi AwfæZv eYÆbv KiGZ wMGq
L. Õ¼vaxbZv-hyG«¬ eyw«¬RxexGì f„wgKv eYÆbv KGiv| 2 eGjb, DÚ msÕ©v wewf®² aiGbi m†wÓ¡kxj DG`ÅvGMi cvkvcvwk bvixGì RbÅ weGkl
M. DóxcGK BwãZK‡Z msweavGbi cUf„wg I ŠewkÓ¡Å eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 c`GÞc MÉnY KGiGQ|
N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ miKvi hy«¬wea»Õ¦ ˆ`Gk cybMÆVGbi ˆh f„wgKv îGLwQj Zv K. wek¼ bvix wèm ˆKvb ZvwiGL cvjb Kiv nq? 1
weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 L. RvwZmsGNi ‘weZKÆ mfv’ ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
4. Õ¼vaxbZv cieZÆx mgGq evsjvG`k eü msMÉvGgi gaÅw`Gq wkÍ¸-evwYRÅ, M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ msÕ©vwUi MVb eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
mvgvwRK I mvsÕ•‡wZK wfwî gReyZ KGiGQ| miKvwi wewf®² bxwZ I K‡lK N. ‘evsjvG`Gk DÚ msÕ©vi eügyLx KvhÆKÌg iGqGQ’ DwÚwUi gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
kÉwgKmn RbMGYi wkÞvi cÉmvi, wk÷-g†ZzÅ-nËvm I bvixi ÞgZvqGb evsjvG`k weGk¼ 10. cv^Æ ‘K’ bvgK ˆ`Gki bvMwiK| wZwb ˆh ˆ`Gk R¯ÃMÉnY KGiGQb ˆm ˆ`Gk
cÉksmbxq f„wgKv cvjb KGiGQ eGj gZ cÉKvk KGiGQb ˆbvGej weRqx A^ÆbxwZwe` eÅwÚMZ ˆKvGbv wkÍ¸ cÉwZÓ¤vb Õ©vcb Kiv hvq bv| cvG^Æi evev DÚ ‘K’ ˆ`Gk ˆh
W. AgZÆÅ ˆmb| KviLvbvq KvR KiGZb Zvi cÉvcÅ gRywii ‰KwU Ask cÉGqvRb AbymvGi ZvGK
K. eãe®¬yi Õ¼vaxbZvi ˆNvlYv cÉ^g ˆK cvV KGib? 1 ˆÌqv nGZv| mvÁ·ÉwZKKvGj cv^Æ ‘L’ bvgK ˆ`Gki bvMwiKZ½ jvf KGib| wZwb
L. gywRebMi miKvi MVb Kiv nGqwQj ˆKb? 2 ‰K jÞ Wjvi LiP KGi ‰KwU wkÍ¸ cÉwZÓ¤vb Õ©vcb KGib| wZwb Zvi Avq w`Gq
M. DóxcGKK DwÍÏwLZ welq QvovI evsjvG`Gki Avi ˆKvb ˆKvb ˆÞGò AviI ‰KwU wkÍ¸ cÉwZÓ¤vb Õ©vcb KGiGQb|
DGÍÏLGhvMÅ AMÉMwZ ARÆb KGiGQ Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 K. mÁ·`GK KqfvGe fvM Kiv hvq? 1
N. evsjvG`k mÁ·GKÆ W. AgZÆÅ ˆmGbi gZvgZGK gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 L. A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©v Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. cvG^Æi ‘K’ ˆ`Gki A^ÆeÅeÕ©vi aibwU ˆZvgvi cwVZ welqeÕ§i AvGjvGK eÅvLÅv
5. KGiv| 3
N. ‘L’ ˆ`Gk ˆh aiGbi A^ÆeÅeÕ©v cÉPwjZ Zvi mvG^ ‘K’ ˆ`Gki A^ÆeÅeÕ©vi
cv^ÆKÅ iGqGQ@hywÚi gvaÅGg eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
11. nvwkgcyi MÉvGgi KwYKv, îLv I mvjgvmn KGqKRb bvix I wk÷GK cvGki
MÉvGgi ˆmvnive XvKvq PvKwi ˆÌqvi bvg KGi wbGq AvGm| Zvi DGókÅ ‰Gì
cvk¼eÆ ZÆx ˆ`Gki ‰KwU Acivax PGKÌi nvGZ ZzGj ˆÌqv| weG`k hvIqvi DGóGkÅ
Zviv kvnRvjvj Av¯¦RÆvwZK wegvbe±`Gi AvmGj cyywjGki nvGZ aiv cGo| ˆmvnive
K. evsjvG`Gki gvSvgvwS Õ©vb w`Gq ˆKvb îLv AwZKÌg KGiGQ? 1 cywjGki KvGQ Zvi KgÆKvGíi weÕ¦vwiZ weeiY ˆ`q|
L. evsjvG`Gki b`xàGjv eGãvcmvMi AwfgyGL cÉevwnZ nq ˆKb? 2 K. ˆKvb mvGj ‰wmW wbq¯Ÿ AvBb cvm nq? 1
M. gvbwPGò 'A' wPwn×Z AçjwUi f„-cÉvK‡wZK MVb eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 L. gƒjÅGevGai AeÞq ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
N. wPGòi 'B' I 'C' wPwn×Z AçGji ˆKvbwUGZ AwaK Kx cwijwÞZ nGe? ˆZvgvi M. DóxcGK ˆZvgvi cvVÅ cyÕ¦GKi ˆh aviYvi cÉwZœQwe cÉKwkZ nGqGQ Zvi eÅvLÅv
DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ DcÕ©vcb KGiv| 4 `vI| 3
6. mvwe»i ÛwjwfkGb ‰KwU `yGhvMÆ cÉwZGe`b ˆ`LwQGjb| cÉwZGe`bwUGZ N. ‘ˆmvniveGK kvwÕ¦`vbB DÚ mgmÅv mgvavGbi ‰Kgvò Dcvq’@DîGii mcGÞ
ˆ`LvwœQj, wdwjcvBGbi ‰KwU kni nVvr ˆKuGc DVvq kniwUi êk wKQy Ni-evwo hywÚ `vI| 4
245. ˆ`ŒjZLvb miKvwi DœP we`Åvjq, ˆfvjv
1. ŠelgÅ  cÉwZev`  AvG±`vjb  MYAfzÅïvb  Õ¼vaxbZv| N. evsjvG`Gki Av^ÆmvgvwRK AMÉMwZGZ DÚ msÕ©vwU Kx f„wgKv cvjb
K. Zgóyb gRwjm KGe MwVZ nq? 1 KiGQ? ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
L. ˆgŒwjK MYZ¯¨ Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 7. Kwig wgqv ‰KRb K‡lK| dmGji Drcv`b evovGbvi DGóGkÅ wZwb
M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ŠelgÅB evOvwjGK cÉwZev` I AvG±`vjb ‰i w`GK Zvi RwgGZ ivmvqwbK mvi I KxUbvkK cÉGqvM KGib| eZÆgvGb miKvi
wbGq hvq| weGkÏlY KGiv| 3 fZzwÆ Kmn K‡lKGì Jla mieivn Kivq Kwig wgqvGì gGZv K‡lKGì
N. “MYAfzÅïvb evOvwji Õ¼vaxbZv ARÆbGK Zivw®¼Z KGi|” ˆZvgvi KvGQ Zv AviI mnRjfÅ nGqGQ| dGj ‰Kw`GK dmGji Drcv`b evoGjI
DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4 AbÅw`GK ‰i wecixZ wKÌqv AvgvGì cwiGekGK wechÆÕ¦ KiGQ|
2. gywÚhy«¬ ÷i‚i 15 w`b cGi ‰KwU miKvi MVb Kiv nq| ‰ miKvi K. ÛKmB D®²qb Kx? 1
gywÚhy«¬GK mwVKfvGe cwiPvjbv, mymsnZ Kiv ‰es gywÚhyG«¬i cGÞ wek¼ L. AvgvGì mvgwMÉK cwiGek wechÆÕ¦ nGœQ ˆKb? 2
RbgZ MVGbi jGÞÅ wbeÆvwPZ cÉwZwbwaGì wbGq MwVZ nq| H miKvi M. Kwig wgqvi KgÆKví cwiGeGki Ici Kxi…c cÉfve ˆdjGe? eÅvLÅv
AvbyÓ¤vwbKfvGe ˆNvlYv KGi evsjvG`Gki Õ¼vaxbZvi ˆNvlYv AvG`k| KGiv| 3
K. Õ¼vaxb evsjvG`k miKvi KZ ZvwiGL fviZ ˆ^GK XvKv AvGm? 1 N. DóxcGKi KvhÆKjvc ÛKmB D®²qb ewnfƒÆZ KvhÆKÌg@DîGii mcGÞ
L. AvgvGì gywÚhyG«¬ RvwZmsGNi f„wgKv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 hywÚ cÉ`vb KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGK ˆh miKvGii K^v ejv nGqGQ Zvi MVb KvVvGgv eYÆbv KGiv|3 8. AvBwib ‘K’ ˆ`Gki bvMwiK| ivÓ¡Ç ZvGK Zvi ˆhvMÅZv I mvg^ÆÅ
N. DÚ miKvGii KvhÆKÌg weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 Abyhvqx KvGRi eÅeÕ©v KGi ˆ`q ‰es me Pvwn`v ˆgUvq| wZwb Zvi cÉvcÅ
3. Pvi eQi eqGmi gwb evi evi Zvi gvGqi KvGQ evevi ˆLuvR ˆbq| gv Avq ˆ^GK ewçZ nb bv| Aciw`GK wg. Rb ‘L’ ˆ`Gki bvMwiK| wZwb
eGj, evev RvGbvqviGì mvG^ hy«¬ KiGZ wMGqGQ| gwbi gv 9 gvm ‰KwU Uz^GcÕ¡ ˆKbvi RbÅ ˆ`vKvGb ˆMGj, ˆ`vKvb`vi Zvi KvGQ `vg êwk
m¯¦vbGK wbGq AbvnvGi AaÆvnGi w`b KvUvGjb| AeGkGl wWGmÁ¼i gvGmi PvBGj wZwb cvGki ˆ`vKvb ˆ^GK `ËeÅwU KÌq KGib|
‰K mKvGj jvj-meyR cZvKv nvGZ Zvi evevGK wdGi ˆcj gwb| K. DcGhvM KvGK eGj? 1
K. gywRebMi miKvGii A^Æg¯¨x ˆK wQGjb? 1 L. mÁ·Gì mylg e¥ŸGbi cÉGqvRb nq ˆKb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
L. eãe®¬yi w«¼Zxq weµÏe KgÆmƒwPi eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 M. ‘K’ ˆ`Gk ˆKvb A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©v we`Ågvb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
M. DóxcGK gwbi evev ˆh hyG«¬ AskMÉnY KGiwQGjb ˆm hyG«¬i ˆcÉÞvcU N. ‘L’ ˆ`Gki A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vi mvG^ evsjvG`Gki A^Æ‹bwZK eÅeÕ©vi
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ZzjbvgƒjK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
N. “gwbi evevi gGZv AbÅivI DÚ hyG«¬i djvdGji wbqvgK wnGmGe 9. * abZvw¯¨K A^ÆeÅeÕ©v
KvR KGiGQ”| weGkÏmY KGiv| 4 * wgkÉ A^ÆeÅeÕ©v
4. ewikvj wRjv Õ•zGji `kg ˆkÉwYi wkÞv^Æxiv evsjvG`Gki `wÞY- * BmjvwgK A^ÆeÅeÕ©v
cƒeÆvçGj wkÞv mdGi hvq| Zviv ˆmLvGb ‰KwU b`x ˆ`LGZ cvq| 320 K. Afve Kx? 1
wK.wg. Š`GNÆÅi ‰ b`xwU PëMÉvGgi wbKU w`Gq eGãvcmvMGi cGoGQ| ‰ L. mÁ·` msiÞY ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2
b`xwUi AGbKàGjv Dc-b`xI iGqGQ| ‰ b`xi ZxGi MGo DGVGQ AGbK M. DcwiDÚ eÅeÕ©vmgƒGni gGaÅ ˆKvb eÅeÕ©vq kÉwgGKi Õ¼v^Æ msiwÞZ
wkÍ¸ I KjKviLvbv| nq? hywÚ `vI| 3
K. eËþcyò bGì Drcwî ˆKv^v ˆ^GK? 1 N. mÁ·Gì ˆfvM wbq¯¨GYi ˆÞGò DcGi DwÍÏwLZ ˆKvb eÅeÕ©v AwaKZi
L. cvwbmÁ·` eÅeÕ©vcbvi aviYv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 KvhÆKi eGj Zzwg gGb Ki? gGZi cGÞ hywÚ cÉ`kÆb KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGK ˆKvb b`xwUi eYÆbv Kiv nGqGQ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 10. NUbv-1: beg ˆkÉwYi Qvò 'Z' Lvivc mãxGì mvG^ wgGk wewf®²
N. Zzwg wK gGb Ki DÚ b`x ÷ay eÅemv-evwYGRÅi RbÅ ài‚Z½cYƒ Æ? ˆZvgvi
aiGbi AcivagƒjK KgÆKvGí RwoGq cGo| ˆhàGjvi RbÅ ivÓ¡Çxq AvBGb
gZvgZ `vI| 4 mvRv cvq|
5.
NUbv-2: AwaK gybvdvi Avkvq wKQy Amvay weGKÌZv wgGj ‰KwU
RbmgwÓ¡ (?)
wbZÅcÉGqvRbxq `ËeÅ à`vgRvZ KGi| dGj `ËeÅwUi K‡wòg msKU ŠZwi nq|
ivÓ¡Ç `ËeÅwUi `vg êGo ˆMGj RbMYGK êk ˆfvMvw¯¦GZ coGZ nq|
wbw`ÆÓ¡ f„Lí K. mvgvwRK ŠbivRÅ Kx? 1
miKvi
L. bvixi cÉwZ mwnsmZvi ài‚Z½cYƒ Æ KviYwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
K. wU.‰BP.wMÉGbi gGZ AvBb Kx? 1 M. NUbv-2 «¼viv ˆKvb mvgvwRK mgmÅvGK wbG`Æk KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
L. mykvmb ‰i RbÅ AvBb ‰i cÉGqvRb nq ˆKb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 N. “NUbv-1 ‰es NUbv-2 ‰ DwÍÏwLZ welqàGjv cÉwZGivGa cÉGqvRb
M. ‘?’ wPwn×Z Õ©vGb ˆKvb Dcv`vbwU wbG`Æk KiGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 MYmGPZbZv”@gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
N. Zzwg wK gGb Ki ˆh, ‘wbw`ÆÓ¡ f„Lí’ Dcv`vbwU Qvov ‰KwU ivÓ¡Ç MwVZ 11.
nGZ cvGi bv? hywÚ w`Gq gƒjÅvqb KGiv 4 fvlv AvG±`vjb hyÚdÌ´Ÿ MVb
6.
A evsjvG`Gki ivR‹bwZK BwZnvm
69-‰i MYAfzÅïvb 70-‰i wbeÆvPb
mvaviY wbivcîv A^Æ‹bwZK I Zî½veavqK Av¯¦RÆvwZK ˆmGKÌUvwiGqU K. 1954 mvGji hyÚdÌG´Ÿi gƒj DG`ÅvM wQj Kvi? 1
cwil` cwil` mvgvwRK cwil` cwil` Av`vjZ L. 6 `dv AvG±`vjbGK evOvwj RvwZi gywÚi mb` ejv nq ˆKb? eÅvLÅv
KGiv| 2
K. wek¼ bvix wèm ˆKvb ZvwiGL cvwjZ nq? 1 M. DóxcGK fvlv AvG±`vjb evOvwj RvZxqZvevGì DG¯Ãl NUvq Kx?
L. bvixi cÉwZ ŠelgÅ wbimGb wmWI mbGì f„wgKv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 ˆZvgvi gZvgZ eÅÚ KGiv| 3
M. DóxcGK 'A' wPwn×Z msÕ©vwU m†wÓ¡i ˆcÉÞvcU cvVÅcyÕ¦GKi AvGjvGK N. Õ¼vaxb evsjvG`k ivGÓ¡Çi AfzÅ`Gqi wcQGb DóxcGKi ˆKvb NUbvwU
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 Acwimxg ài‚Z½ enb KGi? ˆZvgvi DîGii h^v^ÆZv wbi…cY KGiv| 4

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