RECAP-

Guidelines of
Workplace
Ergonomics
Risk
Assessment
Initial ERA = 2 days

Advanced ERA
1. Series 1 - Postural + manual handling: RULA REBA ROSA MAC = 2
day
2. Series 2 - Repetitive action: OCRA n ART = 2 days
3. Series 3 – Manual handling: RNLE, MAC, Snook, etc = 2 days
4. Series 4 - Environmental Ergonomics
• Sub-series 1: Temperature extreme = 2 days
• Sub-series 2: Occ and Env Noise = 2 days
• Sub-series 3: Hands-arm and whole-body vibration = 2 days
• Sub-series 4: Lighting, Anthropometry and Office Ergonomics
(ROSA) = 2 days
• Sub-series 5: IAQ n Ventilation = 2 days
HFEM2016 for DOSH 2
PART 4
PROCESS FOR ADVANCED ERA

HFEM2016 for DOSH 3

HOW?
Planning &
Conducting

4
Preparation Team
formation
before
assessment Instruments,
Materials & Facilities
Communication &
Coordination

5
Flow Diagram
showing
Steps for
Advanced
ERA

HFEM2016 for DOSH 6

 • Review Initial ERA
• Determine Adequacy of Existing
Control Measures
Step 1 • If additional info required, --> Step
2.
• If info sufficient, --> Step 3.

• Gather additional info

ADVANCED • demographic
ERA • previous injury due to accidents,
• congenital anomalies related to MSD,
• pregnancy,
Step 2 • medication taken,
• current and previous diseases that has been
verified by med practitioner
• Example form: Appendix 4.

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 • Determine method
• Table 4.1
Step 3 • Example: Appendix 5.
• Workstation Configuration Assessment

ADVANCED • Summarize advanced ERA

ERA Step 4 • Table 4.2 and Table 4.3

• Set Priority for Ergonomics Improvement

using priority setting table as shown in
Step 5 Table 4.4.

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 Assessment Repetition/ Force: Force: Force: Posture Vibration Contact Neck/ Hand/ Back/ Leg/ Time to Training
Tool Duration Gripping/ Lift/ Push/Pull Stress/ Shoulder Wrist/ Trunk/ Knee/ Complete Required/
Pinching Lower/ Impact Arm Hip Ankle Complexity
Carry
Checklist Methods (multiple hazards considered)
MSD Hazard X X X X X X X X X X X MEDIUM LOW
Risk
Assessment
Checklist
Washington X X X X X X X X X LOW LOW
Ergonomics
Assessments
Washington X X X X X X X X X X X MEDIUM LOW
State Checklists
(Caution
The various
/Hazard Zone)
Manual Material Handling (lifting, lowering, pushing, pulling, carrying)
ACGIH: methods X in X X X X LOW LOW
Lifting TLV

Equation
ergonomics
NIOSH Lifting X X X X X LOW LOW

Snook Tables
MAC (UK)
risk
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
Upperassessment
Limb
ACGIH: HAL X X X X X MEDIUM MEDIUM
RULA X X X X X LOW MEDIUM
Strain Index X X X X X X MEDIUM MEDIUM
CTD Risk Index X X X X X X MEDIUM MEDIUM
(CTD-RAM)
LUBA X X X X MEDIUM MEDIUM
OCRA X X X X X X X X X MEDIUM MEDIUM
Combined Methods (not checklist)
QEC X X X X X X X X X LOW MEDIUM
REBA X X X X X X X X LOW MEDIUM
ManTRA X X X X X X X X X X LOW MEDIUM
OWAS X X X X X X X X HIGH MEDIUM
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Time To Complete: Low: < 2 hours Medium: 2-4 hours High: > 4 hours
Training Required: Low: < 4 hours Medium: 4-8 hours High: > 8 hours
 Examples of Summary
Table 4.B: Example of an advanced ERA of Lifting Operation
Existing Existing Recommendations
Work Evidence Safety Risk Method
Medical Outcome Control Short Term Long Term
Activity of MSD Issues Factors used
history Measure (Corrective) (Preventive)

Lifting Neck, NA Slippery Awkward Rapid Upper High Risk: NA Train/Retrain Redesign task
20 kg Shoulder, Floor Posture Limb Action and Supervise and
box Upper Assessment level = 7 correct lifting workstation
from back & (RULA) technique
pellet to lower Review
Forceful Manual High Risk: Gloves Use
shelf back Standard
exertion handling Action and Mechanical aid
Operating
assessment level = 3 Safety
Procedure
checklist Boots
(MAC)

Table 4.C: Example of an advanced ERA of office workstation

Existing Existing Recommendations
Work Evidence Safety Risk Method
Medical Outcome Control Short Term Long Term
Activity of MSD Issues Factors used
history Measure (Corrective) (Preventive)

Office Back pain NA Sharp Awkward Rapid Office Significant None Regular short Chair (fit to
admin table posture Strain risk = 7 breaks, worker’s
working edge Assessment (Action exercise anthropometry)
with Level > 5) and sit‐stand
computer desk 10
 RFP  RFP  RFP 
HHH  MHH  LHH 
HHM  MHM  LHM 
HHL  MMH  LHL 
HMH  MHL  LMH 
HMM  MMM  LMM 
HLH  MLH  LLH 
HML  MML  LML 
HLM  MLM  LLM 
Table 4.D.
HLL  MLL  LLL 
Priority  
Setting Table Legend
R – Repetitive motion H – High risk
F – Forceful exertion M – Medium risk
P – Awkward posture L – Low risk

  Highest priority for ergonomics improvement 
  Moderate priority for ergonomics improvement 
  Lower priority for ergonomics improvement 

HFEM2016 for DOSH 11

Back to Main
Topic

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