Classnotes (Lab 1)

9/10 mm => 0.9 mm

5 x 0.9 => 4.5 mm
5-4.5 = 0.5 mm : 4.35 cm is the reading
Least count= MSR/no.division in vernier scale = 1 /10 mm =>0.1 mm
vernier scale value => 0.1 mm x 5 =0.5 mm
Reading=Main scale value + vernier scale value
Least count of the micrometer= 0.5/50 = 0.01 mm
4.5 +0.46= 4.96
0.1 x 2.5 =0.25
 δx δy
(x ± δx) × (y ± δy) = xy ± xy( + )
x y
(x ± δx) × (y ± δy) = xy ± xδy ± yδx ± δxδy

(x ± δx) + (y ± δy) = x + y ± (δx + δy)

(𝑥 + δx + y + δy) + (𝑥 − δx + y − δy) = 2x + 2y = 2(x + y)
(𝑥 + δx + y + δy) − (𝑥 − δx + y − δy) = 2δx + 2δy = 2(δx + δy)
 δx δy
xy ( + ) => uncertainty
x y
0.5 0.5
84 × 84 ( + ) = 84
84 84
((84.5 × 84.5) − (83.5 × 83.5))/2 = 84