Parkinson’s disease-Spoon stability and health

monitoring
Harshitha M1,Divya T A2, Saluva Dhana Dheepthi3, Shrividya P S4, Savita A Harkude
1,2,3,4
UG Students, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Sir MVIT, Bengaluru
5
Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Sir MVIT, Bengaluru
reviewed. In traditional method, doctors play an important
ABSTRACT role in health checkup. For this process requires a lot of
time for registration, appointment and then checkup.

Parkinson's disease is the second most prevalent

neurodegenerative illness, affecting primarily the elderly. It
is caused by extensive nerve cell degeneration, which
impairs mobility and daily activities. The patient's early
Also reports are generated later. Due to this lengthy
symptoms may include unintentional shivering and tremors
process working people tend to ignore the checkups or
in the hand, making it impossible for them to perform daily
postpone it.
duties such as eating out of a bowl. Patient remote
monitoring is especially challenging for the attendant. Our
This modern approach reduces time consumption in
project intends to produce a stabilizing spoon for
the process. In the recent years use of wireless technology
Parkinson's disease sufferers as well as a health monitoring
is increasing for the need of upholding various sectors. In
system using IoT and sensor network principles along with
these recent years IoT groped the most of industrial area
ML Prediction. The stabilizing spoon adjusts for
specially automation and control.
unintentional tremors or shivers from the user by calibrating
its head against these forces, ensuring that the spoon bowl
Body sensor network systems can help people by
remains steady at all times. To aid patients' eating processes,
providing healthcare services such as medical monitoring,
a prototype of the gadget was constructed utilizing a
memory enhancement, medical data access, and
gyroscope to measure the angle of motions and an
communication with the healthcare provider in emergency
accelerometer to measure the speed of these motions.
situations through Internet. Continuous health monitoring
Another aspect of the project entails monitoring the patient's
with wearable or clothing-embedded transducers and
heartbeat, Spo2 levels, and temperature and transferring the
implantable body sensor networks will increase detection
information to a mobile application for monitoring the
of emergency conditions in at risk patients. Not only the
patient's status.
patient, but also their families will benefit from these.
Keywords – spoon stability, parkinson’s disease, health
Also, these systems provide useful methods to remotely
monitoring, medicine remainder.
acquire and monitor the physiological signals without the
need of interruption of the patient’s normal life, thus
I. INTRODUCTION improving life quality.

In the recent year’s wireless technology has increasing for

the need of upholding various sectors. In these recent years II. LITERATURE SURVEY
IoT graped the most of industrial area specially automation
and control. Biomedical is one of recent trend to provide E-health monitoring system for the aged
better health care. Not only in hospitals but also the
The normal functioning of a person's health is determined
personal health caring facilities are opened by the IoT
mainly from the measurement of the individual's body
technology. So having a smart system various parameters
temperature and heart rate. In the past, only hospitals had
are observed that consumes power, cost and increase
health monitors, which was a huge and fixed monitoring
efficiency. In according to this smart system, our is
device that was used to know the health status of
bedridden patients. These monitoring devices which were
only available in the hospitals were constantly on the
patient's body. Many of them are not user friendly and it is Health Alert and Medicine Remainder using Internet
important that the patient have a portable device that can of Things
always be used to measure these parameters when no one In today's life, human beings face difficulty to keep in
is around. The system monitors the heart beat and mind the medicines they required to take. This paper
temperature of a patient simultaneously with the pulse proposes a model of automatic medicine reminder and
sensor and the temperature sensor by populating a apothecary system. This system can relieve unevenness in
centralized database with its readings at defined intervals. taking recommended dosage of pills on time prescribed by
When the readings are abnormal, or have risen beyond the doctor and switch from ways primarily reliant with the
preset threshold, the device makes use of the memory of the human being insignificant regulation,
GSM/GPRS/GPS shield to send the readings and location hence people can be freed doing wrong things due to
coordinates to the patient's doctor/guardian to quickly human error like taking pill at different time with incorrect
track and examine/diagnose the patient's condition and dosage. Various medicine boxes exist in the market. The
take early precaution to save the patient's life. It is proposed medicine box would help people who are under
important that these parameters be measured and medication mainly for old persons to take the medicine on
monitored frequently for the aged or the elderly to reduce time without forgetting. It also continuously monitor the
the risk of falling ill and possibly dying. The system is people's health condition like Blood pressure, ECG
setup to constantly measure these parameters and reduce through the tensors kept at home and inform them to take
mortality rate for the elderly. [1] necessary action. A person's life can be saved by this
system. Human effort can also be decreased by this health
Fall Detection Sensor System for the Elderly alert and medicine remainder. [3]
Many elderly people are living alone in their homes. If the
elderly falls down, it may be difficult for them to request Patient Health Monitoring System
for help. The main objective of this work is to design an They have developed the system which can be useful for
android-based fall detection sensor system at affordable any person. The system continuously monitors the heart
cost for the elderly in Malaysia. This paper describes the beat rate and temperature of a user. If a person is walking
design of the android-based fall detection sensor system. on the road and his heart beats’ or temperature record goes
The system is able to acknowledge a falling incident to the abnormal, then the proposed system will be very useful in
contact person such that the incident can be reported to the this case. Because we are giving guidance to the person by
ambulance department soonest possible, and to provide providing him/her a list of nearest hospitals and a list of
necessary medical treatments for the injured elderly. The health tips so that he can take some preliminary
design and implementation combines both hardware and precautions by reading health tips and immediately go to
software that work seamlessly in detecting and reporting a the hospital for the treatment. So it is not mandatory that
fall at home. The hardware part consists of the falling the person should be admitted in the hospital and then
detection sensor that detects the body position of the user only he/she can use this system. [4]
whether it is on a falling mode while the software side
consists of some formulas that detect the fallings and III. PROBLEM STATEMENT
triggers the alarm. [2]
In early decades the situation was like large numbers of
patients and limited availability of doctors, large size
medical instruments in special care units like ICU’S so
that one nurse or doctor is essential to attend each patient
in different wards. So the patient could not be
continuously monitored so following problem formulation
is evolved as follows: -

 The traditional medical test instruments in large

sizes.
  Patient couldn’t be found in time & helped in
time.
 Time consuming patient monitoring
 Human attention is required for each patient.
 Limited availability of medical instruments.
 Continuous monitoring was not possible.
Most of the patient died due to lack of experts &
machines. The purpose of this study was to find out the
needs of medical doctors concerning wireless patient
monitoring. The system processes data using plug-in
analysis components that can be easily composed into
plans using a graphical programming environment.
IV. OBJECTIVE
The objectives of the proposed model are:
 To monitor the heart rate and temperature of an
individual and send a mail or a notification to the
registered contact during abnormalities.
 To design the automatic medicine reminder system
for old persons to take the medicine on time.
 To design and develop a proposed system to
overcome Parkinson’s disabilities
V. METHODOLOGY
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a degenerative neurological
disorder marked by decreased dopamine levels in the
brain. It manifests itself through a deterioration of
movement, including the presence of tremors and stiffness.
The spoon is required to maintain a horizontal position,
with respect to two axes. Two servo motors will be placed
orthogonally to each other to establish a system of two
degrees of freedom. With this setup in place, the spoon is
intended to maintain its spoon bowl in a horizontal
position.
Figure 1 Block diagram – spoon stability
To achieve the desired results, the sensors and the
electromechanical components are supposed to assess the
environment first and learn what the frame of reference is
for the user. The sensors get calibrated before they can be
used for a period of 3000ms, where they read the angular
readings and average them out for the period, these
readings stand as the basis of the user’s position. The
ADXL345 sensor provides X, Y for the initial calibration
period.
Figure 1 Block diagram – medicine remainder
VI. IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS
Sensor is a device that detects the changes in electrical or
physical or other quantities and it produces an outcome
which is an acknowledgement of changes taken place in
the quantity. Some of the different sensors are proximity
sensors, IR sensors, Temperature sensors etc. Out of those
we have made use of inertial measurement sensor
accompanied with accelerometer to
measure the tremors of a Parkinson person.
The self-stabilizing spoon was built on a small piece of
cardboard to analyze and simulate tremors. The device
could successfully calibrate against all unintended motions
while providing 2 Degrees of Freedom (DOFs) as Roll and
Pitch. Along with stabilization, it could also achieve
internet connectivity and communicate with the
application.
  Arduino IDE
 C++
 Blynk

VII. CONCLUSION

Modern technologies have developed that promotes

Figure 2 Hardware Model
We are going to place leds in each section of tablet box
and we set the time of each tablet section . When the
given time matches led will be on . After IR sensors
senses light given by the care taker it can automatically
switch off the led using Magnetic Reed Switch. If the
Medicine is not taken at the respective time led will be
turned off after particular time .In e-health monitoring
system we are connecting different health sensors to the
microcontroller and read values from those sensors using
Esp8266 wifi module.
comfortable and better life which is disease/ health
problem free. Our Project provides the low-cost solution to
enhance the remote monitoring capability of existing
health care system by using ESP32 and Wi-Fi modem. It
uses Several sensors such as pulse rate body temperature
and many more. The sensors are operated and vital
information is transmitted to the microcontroller. By using
this prototype circuit, the hardware’s circuit the messages
can be transmitted in case the value of any parameter falls
below a predetermined value to the corresponding medical
expert so that necessary medications can be given to the
patient.
The prototype has some room for improvement and
requires some changes if it has to be deemed usable for
people with high-frequency tremors. The servo motors
(SG90) are too slow to calibrate faster tremors, with no
shortcomings in the algorithm. Although the device in its
current state could be useful for people with limited motor
impairments. A more advanced motor such as the MG90s
or a separate DC motor would probably be more effective
in practice.

VIII. REFEFRENCES
VI. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
[1] Augustus E. Ibhaze ; Ezimah C. Eleanor ; Francis E.
REQUIREMENTS HARDWARE REQUIEMENTS: Idachaba “ E-health monitoring system for the aged”
IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies
and Innovative Business Practices for the Transformation
 ESP32 of Societies (EmergiTech)
 SP02
 Heart beat sensor
 Temperature Sensor [2] Alicia Y.C. Tang Chin-Hao Ong Azhana Ahmad “ Fall
 Accelerometer Detection Sensor System for the Elderly” International
 Servomotor Journal of Advanced Computer Research 5(19):176-183
 Power supply

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
[3] Elizabeth Alexandra P Ranjana “Health Alert and
Medicine Remainder using Internet of Things” 2018 IEEE
International Conference on Computational Intelligence
and Computing Research (ICCIC)

[4] Jayesh Kanade1, Suvarna Bansode2, Prachi

Gawande3, Prof. Mr. M.P. Potdar4, Prof. Mrs. K.J.
Kulkarni5 “ Patient Health Monitoring System”
International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05
Issue: 05 | May-2018