The movement of individuals to nations or locations outside of their typical

surroundings for personal, business-related, or professional reasons constitutes

tourism, according to the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). We
refer to these persons as guests. In general, if a visitor's journey does not involve an
overnight stay, they are categorized as (same-)day visitors, and if it does, they are
categorized as tourists. They may be travelling for business, pleasure, or personal
reasons as opposed to being employed by a resident company in the country or
location they are visiting.

The advantage are the following first the;

The specific plans themselves- strategies, solutions, action plans. A world of rapid change
requires constant planning and re-planning, as circumstances change, as new competitors burst
on the scene, as events require mid-course correction. So organizations need more planning and
problem-solving today; they cannot run on automatic pilot. Thus, bringing together those with
expertise and a stake in an issue is the fastest way to tackle new problems, address
opportunities and define new directions

Greater commitment and ability – to implement decisions and strategies. When people
participate in a planning process, they are certainly more likely to be committed to the plans,
because they have talked them through, because the plans reflect their own thinking, and
because the group has developed a consensus. This is just common sense – although it did take
scores of careful social science studies to convince some managers of this obvious truth. But
organizations also find their own people better equipped to carry out the plans when they
participate in shaping them because they are more knowledgeable and informed. They better
understand the needs, the goals, and where their own responsibilities fit in with those of others.

More innovation- a larger portfolio of ideas, and involvement of more people in the planning
process, especially a mixture of people with different perspectives, generate new insights into
problems and encourage a fresh look at opportunities. The cross-fertilization from a group
bringing diverse backgrounds to a planning task can sometimes result in breakthrough
strategies. I call this “Kaleidoscope thinking”- the ability to challenge traditional assumptions and
define new patterns and possibilities

A common framework for decision-making- communication, planning and problem-solving.

The team-building effects of participation extend well beyond the “high” of a successful planning
session. A group with a common vocabulary and methodology for working together – e.g.,a
sense of how to conduct a meeting – does not have to argue over procedures but can go right to
work. Thus, meetings become more productive, and teamwork is enhanced.

Encouragement of initiative and responsibility- This is the least tangible and longest-term
benefit, and perhaps the most important. People who have been involved in participative
planning are more likely to feel a sense of ownership for their part of the organization. They are
more likely to take action when they see a problem or an opportunity, rather than assume it’s
someone else’s responsibility.
And the disadvantages are the following

• Costly
A significant internal issue in public involvement is a lack of adequate financial and human
resources. Participating the public in decision-making takes time and costs money and energy. It
takes a long time to create a meaningful process that can successfully engage people and their
thoughts after the planning process has begun. Given their already extensive workloads,
administrators find it difficult to devote more time and effort to public involvement. Additionally,
setting up forums, seminars, or public meetings requires appropriate staff, sufficient funding,
and enough time for preparation. The transaction cost may be even higher than the advantages.
Consequently, it is difficult to carry out a participation project at a minimal cost.

• Lack of skilled facilitator

Some of the administrators in charge of organizing the public involvement process lack
engagement expertise. Additionally, they can lack prior public participation expertise. The
effectiveness of participation depends on skilled practitioners because they can streamline the
procedure, maintain positive relationships with citizens, and produce superior outcomes.

• Low efficiency
When competing with work, household responsibilities, or other daily duties, people typically do
not prioritize attending public meetings. After finishing everyday tasks, less time is available,
making the engagement more challenging. Additionally, traditional public engagement strategies
typically take longer and produce less satisfying results, which results in an even lower
participation percentage. Therefore, there is a pressing need to boost participation approach
efficiency without sacrificing results.

• Not interested in participation

The public's lack of interest in political issues is another external factor contributing to the low
participation rate. The questions that practitioners must address include how to inspire citizens,
pique their interests and elicit valuable input. For example, encouraging the public to participate
in public issues related to their daily life or offering rewards for participation are possible
solutions.

• Language Barrier
When there are many different nationalities present, a linguistic or cultural barrier is always an
issue. Public gatherings are frequently closed off to anyone who cannot speak the language
because of this. Language is the fundamental barrier that prevents immigrants and other foreign
nationals from being included as one marginalized group, especially in a global community.

In conclusion, Tourism planning is about meeting the needs of the visitor, making the
attraction attractive and appealing, and it is undertaken to facilitate long-term success. We want
the attraction on, the destination to be sustainable of course.