Chapler-2 Class-9th

Hislory
Souialism in Euxoþe 2 Russia

Revoludi on

Th Ag Socid Chongs
xTheench vevoludion opehed up th possibility oaaJik a
acmocsedic ckange in socicly.

o cvexqone in turope, howevcY ded a complete Kaomcdion s

These wcse toups/idka hed look Ho chonge souc a«Lovcik do dhair

Ahougku a uision

Gsobs

Con sexUdivws Libevals Rodiau

aown me bseol on
Sloo Chaa Tole ccnece o all lision

No Chang opposea kiy. Hojody

May of hem abo Suppoald
Elkdd perrliamendsy
Lomcws Auacic
Moche
ndepcndent gudicary
Supburlcd privsde p1ohe
Did noi upbot bud dislik.d Concrmdsrdt uy
Dvred aolud tckise

(o Vokiy hh Jos Lohnch

Coont
 Liber:
Liberals
(a) Opposed liberals and(a) Tolerance of all religions
radicals.
(b) Opposed the uncontrolled powers of
b) Asserted that past the king.
must be respected.
(c) Supported the rights of the
c) Change should be individuals
slow. d) Supported a representative, elected
parliamentary government and
independent judiciary.
(e) Did not support universal adult
franchise (right of every citizen
including women)
(f) Supported private property.
Radicals
(a) Government based on
majority.
(b) Opposed the privileges giver
to great landowners and
wealthy factory owners.
(c) Many of them also supporte
women's suffragette
movements.
(d) Supported private property
but disliked concentration of
property in the hands of a
few.
Industiel Soichy ahd Soi hohqC

it w ata oolamd Aoua& Ctonomic

chae.
New Ciu Coim up.
Ne dustsalisd sesion deuclopta
valusay Ex pav dacl
And ndus tsiod Reuoluion oeusto

Duc Ho ndustsisliseion

Villi Toon ky
Men women childeen

Psoblem Sndust¢i«d Reuoluditn

Loa woskih hoss
PooPoos s
4 Sansladi on
Pocblem
aHuusi4 Psoem
Unemploymend. Noiie

iberds anRoaica Acactu hk Aoludion 4to this Pboboaly oJ ualiuidual

issu
The ecuhamic 2souad devlopneud Ahoulel
be hcte wokue
ihhe econonp w htadihy ana Ciligr T e coucadtol.
opposcal. o tha previlkgas A old aristucaey hod
by bivh. 4hty Jitm.
val o 4didul
Ma
eflot abour qol erdupria4A.
uook Men 2 women oho dcChang ih tt obsl sa llito
atoue libe« ors
aoli ta 6ous and patt in asly h Cedusy
Scanned by CamScanner
 Com ottodism to Eusope
1Si6h ho xicly Ahod
osbe
b
o One toslhr-rathng

tucustd w AoseJu sm
nid mid- in*h Cenhear EuTope.hotiolim w a wel-Kn0n

bedy dta Ihad narled widaptad alldioh.

a Soucism'.

Soualist wett against h priued psopesh bu had

dtiidtas on ho a oucy idho. proprrt Could optal

SOme isium
o he oSoualists asc ullou

Robcet owen(11-1858 )
- ktacks Erslish Manuachac
Soughi to build a Coherahv Commaniy Csllto Neo Haumory h

Shdicna UsSA)

Thes coope rerlives were to be associcdions op«oplc uoho psodutel

goody tokt and divide 4 psold
aotdis to t ootk doh
members
Louis Blant (ig13-1882)
-

He w01dtel 4 9o0h hiead do

ehcous cq cooperedi vea ahal icblee
Gapidedst Edtsptiscs.
One Ownes .

Kavl Nax8i-1863) and

- They a
-
They a7sued had 4h
fried.idh Ehgcls 18a0- 189s)
irdustsic Aoichy wos
"apitelist
Ca pitelit tha
tha
Scanned by CamScanner
 Capleis Amtol ahidal invesmen in ihe |actueiea, ano 4 ptot
oCabr dausls was ptoduttol by wokas , hus Ghitdusts «xplorls 4
woskers.

Harx belicvcd 4had h abitelist system oould be. tyiumphd by

the woBkers ard a Ouic.lis{. Aoüdy would be Aslablishtod

Contsolled
whc all he properBy woulel b 60uelly

Subpovt Jp Soiaism
to
By h
1870s, Soialist ideas sprcaa thoough Etope Coosd rale
thai oaLs, Aocialist Jomcd aho mlernaiua bay-The Stubho
3terndi ona
WoTker in Erglard ond Gcmarybgan Joniq asoziedios do Jighi Jos
beHr liig & wotKi Coolii on
Demndo
Roudion o uwsski hou3.

sid to vole.
RIn armany Hsc aSsoci aith wotk Ctoscly orith Sotial democtei

ParlySPD) and help ita win parliamedcry Atad.

x By 190o5, Soialist ard teoe Dkionisls Josmtsd aAabour puvhy in
Bsidain ahd a soiolist parhy in jsane

Hooeu«T, 4ill 1914, Aotiaist NeuT Auccteded Ih a Josming veAnont

inEundpe.
Reþiesed eod by stsona iurcs in
pa sliamendty polities, bud gouAnmunt
Codi hutal to be 8un by cnservediut , ibcialy anol Toolitaly.

Scanned by CamScanner
RT-2
Chaptes -2 Closs-qh

Histoy
Souoism in Eusop
&Russian Rvoludion

The Russian Revoludi on

Ru ssian Reuoludion
1914

feb Revoluion
Octobc Revoli on
Th Jal d Hoorchu
Soualit tool os
he OUChme in
PART
ChaBha -2 Clos-9th

HiSTORY

SocIALISH In tuRoPE

RosSIAN REUoUTION

The Russian Revokution

Russian
REvOLDTION
1907)

|fEB RevuTION Octobe RevoLUTION

The lloNonaTehy
SoCIALIST Hook
Ov he oueinment

in Russio

The Russian Empive in 914

In 1914 Tsot Nicholas
I Ruled the Russien
The Russian
Empie includtd tcsvdory Emplrc.
Emphre
cuNTeR dayilcand avound moscog,
aound
,Latuia, LithunNaEstoroa, mosc oua,
payt ol
Poland, UKreine and Belazus porgt o
ete.
Ihe
The majody seligion )a Russign
KuSSian Osihodox crss
J
Dhodox ch
which hod soLdn ou o h e aYrek
buthc empive also included Calholich,psoiesa u
muslim &udousi.

Cconomy Socic
20th Cendyry aboud 857.
At thc bqini
coned hir ivim tor
Russian Empive's populadion
0qticduyc
mcrkd
n
nhc emþNC , cultivaso%s psoducta o h
odn hec&&Russic a
Obwll as 0 t h
moj ot expoxor r e n
imcd numbex Psominend
in industriadaT
ndustey wcs
existed adon'*
St peietsburgm0scoLo). Ravqe actovica
side CttoosKshes.

Whn Tussian Teuloay

nehoovk uoe exierd<dJoseigh
and
in vstrdcnt inreaed. cood ptooluction dcerco td
inc atd 4 Aimca.
ion 2 sieel Px0ouction

the privea pvopery o industvidl

*Most Sndustry w
supctuise otye lacdoviu to
eurc
aoucnmc
mnimum o g and iited. houv o but
Could not ptwcnd u l beg beoRkh
In Co uk and Smoll Oosk6hops,,the wosk
 doy W Someimay Shour's Compacd uditn 10o% 12hcu
do
in c toics. Accomodesion Jom 300m 4o dot m itoria

- wOsKr wCYC diuidcd into voups bu th cud

uute fo 8tike wok whon they wre dissehyid

Nciad wovkes cONsidrcol thcmacluts asislocy amok

otho Loorku ,womenn ooskfovce dos CYOUrd 312. in
14bud th wcre poid kss than men. Diuision amo

OTKas sh owed hemal in dtc3S Cind manner too.

when
desble diuision, workn did unite to atrike whcn
thest rsi Ka took place fsqundly in
h disagqted,
he dustty
he eile indushry dugie 184-97 and mcol inoluytty
metal in

dusia G02

-* Peasanda has ho Ycspec nobility unlike the chh

pasana.
hadend ike sepusto to poy Rend ot euch mirerto
andlord.incvas td. Sn 1402 th ocCut on a Aorey
sae in oudh tuss ia and in 190S uch inuden
took ploK all OVCT 8ussia

-
* Russian ptaban wsc only peasant community
whih pool thiy Aand and tha communc diuido
i t a ccoTdive to the th nccd indi vicdual amili
 OCIALISH 3n ussia
in Kussiab.
paslica wcse illcqod
Ihc polvlico
Ihe
Al AlL

Aocic de mocsedic
OOsKL party
Thc
h c SISSIan
oUcrhhe.l
6ociaust, bccaus
ounded 1898 by 1anise.hidn J4
oyanisehibn.
illegad oY
.

a an
hey optrcd
policy thy ano ovhi
uJotlh aral 0%ahi,
mob1listd udot Ks
hcws pope,
Sc u
6Ti Ke
the russian
thad th TuSSian
Somc Kussign ADiclist Rlt
Russian Sand peioiallq mo
pcasa ctom aoivici
not LootKa
he
the nodured AOualist Ao ptadcand
3volushon.
would b -he moun oe
- Tho 0 md Sdticlist xcvoludiorary_pasty in 140e
Th
34 at uqalkd to qive pcaJanly the iq
and thadJ belonged to noblo

disoqrced uwilh 6ouod

Socro democso
sevolutionarics abod ptadany.

Lenin disgice usiih lku as he {ut T

not
h ot Onc &odo o
qsoup.
u
pcasany
Cen tr

Povty s oli vidkd BolshruiKa LeKin quone

into tu00 memb
~Merhcis
A TuUrbulend t\mc. thC 05 RevoluiDn

Russic u s an autocsaC.
* hc Tset tdos not Aubjcc to pariomed.

I n 19OPsice o essentiod good 3Oses0 lRy

thod he vcaoagus dcdinto by 20

When ous memb Puiloo on ODTK LüCYNc

dusTussto thove wa a Call oY industvia actitn

wend dn
OUC 0,000 wot in S.pcdesbuy
hours
StsiKe demandig a rcdution in woxim
and in
CYad in wos
whcn the poscssion ooKus d by Jsthcr
Gapon <achd h toiles palace it was eddeck«d
bythc politc and thc Cossack
OvCr 00 0sKus wve Kl&800 wounded
The i dden Knouon a 9BSAdghup0n.
Blood Sundoy

Starlcoaa scsics ococnh thad became Knoon

houon
as the 1905 R<voludion

Stike Hook place all OvCY he courYy and uniur-

sitic eloscd douon when stucdend bou slaged
walKous compleini aboud thc. ack c i vil
liberies
 pPm!PMOD
op°p Punouuo pud
ump puo7 > b
PSL I I O bw np S
bun L0 uuoaDd
ponojj
PPpubuop 49 *
B4SSD ohuo
E E
 nalwsty
Jhdusi
hh
Th ww
he also aleded suppli
odh
Som
oBaic Sabic Ata.
RuSsia contsol
Contiol o
gciman
ndustyia Joody by to bsoka
to b5oka cdoon
cdown
linc bgn
By 1916 ouluy
TCAly
to thc
was

coxll o up
Able bodicd m wosKahtbs
osKshaby
m
Am all
and
tabour shosteqe
Iheve
shuldoon
shutcoun
wcsc
ssenials
Psoducing

. LaTq 6uppleso e n be camc

be c ACa¥«
a m t 4(0we

citis o%
loos
in dhc
. fos ihc pcople od -th bvcad
th< brcad hooescpe
ad
of 916, sio
by he oindoy
dhe

COmmon

in Pedsoqtcod.
The ftb Revoldion
winter 1914, Pedrsoosed uoes qrim.
I n thc

The se oCTeood Ahortaqe in

th
wosKeA.
uadees Pu Colory
loolkot took place of
On 22" Jeb,a
asioble RiveY
Jadory aoykus
5oup Nev
Ouone oCompariy itd
50 othcracosica joincd 4he mpoth .
wosks o
pashü ped a i-
women
also ted and parhi iþded inthe

4hetsike.
h Tha CAme o be callkel 4he 4ndesraional oom
 day
A he ushionablc 9uatus and oiu bualoivgs werc
wce
AuTOUhded by wotkus.
The 9ovesn mch imposed Cuse.
the ChIhq bu cam bac
back
em ostscdozs dispescd by
a l l e ou he
on 2th&2.S'"
he the qoucs hment

Cauoly and policc to Kee ye on

dhn.
On 25 eb th« dumoa
govcthmtnd Awendkd th dum
On he ncxt day oemonstsctor vedumcol in ote to atsike
On 2Th,
2th Polike hcadquatcs werc ansacKe

Cavaly c Cole oud again

An olicrs u Ahot a thc bavöacks o a Ttgiment
do join the stiKih
and oth egimtn muinol, voting
wosK cathcsc to jox'm a souit ov Cunul. thi

c the petsoqued souic.

J
3The
AThe delkqadi on uet mect tsat, mili
milh tar
tas y
Commanders aduiscd him to abdioda.

On
On 2nd maseh, the Tsot abdicodto.

SouidAtadess and duma Aooluns0bmco a p30uisfona

gouin mch to un the Countty
 Reoduho)
of
fcb Reuo
# AH leb ( E|«d and
and
U a i t n uit
apouoitn
oO it
on
publiC mechir
mcetirq
sctsidions
The
Ihe
Rupian boudy
u s i a n 0dy
in
evcsyuohec
Souict
wcre &tiup
Commstky
Commtku c iote
nn ndustsiad ascas,acosy i n d s t i i t tu
ihdstyialis4

9uenhonir th euy
which ban

4hu cHosi
Uon wCCDm

in the Asmy.
wTCOsmtl
Soilder's Com mutle
hi April Thcs"
ladimia enin P1uadiy

H albo arqutd bolshcui k Nesionoli sahion Ban

Pasty hant itsel| 4thc
Tsc notle lard to
Commust pashy pcuciy

dccliniv-
e pouisioral
The
Th qouy nimeha a w its pow
and bolsheuik iute qo.
.Theo t dcuidtad to A1cn mtas urto gaq inst the
ainst th
spTaai n dasconded
tTe9sicd adtempis by woskend to 3un achosies.an
aTto. he bolshuvik ads
Land committtus wer Jovmcal and pasand Ais
Aand bu uly ana A epiember 1917
PART-4

H1STORY

OCIALSH u EURofE
&RusSIAN REvOLOTiot

The Revolusi on Octobo 1917

A
Colid bf ptouisiona qouenmcn& bolsheui agiea,
Lenin arcd he
protisiona qout. oould sd up dicfedohp
On 16 Oct
1914, Lthin petaucded thc pehtoqod souict
Bolshcutk pavty to aque to a A0ucist
suzieo pouk
A muitar y Revoluhionas
Comnitee ws appoinded byby
he s0id to 019anise Auzuc under Leon tiotsk leader
On Upssiva beaan on
24th Oct
Poimc
Psimc Histee kexcnski t h e iy to dummon tsocby
Pso-qoA. tsoop r c Sent to take oue 4cle þhonc &

4le qraph
oi and pvotccr he hc ointer palac
paact
n 1cspordc mulitery Reooluiovay ommutHcc oudex al
to
03 gput o
u3 and amsthe
ministcrs.
The Aurosa" Aup shelled +hc wind o palat.
.Othc shup o k OUCY
stsadcoqic poinJa.
 (Und

Bhiohl 1, h *
uttehpl
had
Coniso and trnt c
S,an
he mediq
h. dor
A appyovo
Bolhu:
9csool thtro
p sr
mosco -p
hemosco-P
bolahcuik, contsolled
By DecembcY,h

Whad changd oics Octobcr. in Noyi19

nadionauscd
wcre
Host
Ha st Srdutt y and Banka
Snduty
and asartu
Dnd pasar
declard bouad poperty
The
hc and wOs
he ano 4hc
o h nobilit
c nobi lity
adlouxd to si3e
Oanncd.
s O1d 4itHe

desiqnea (or the asmy & ojiuA.

Nco Unioemy ocTe

413, budetr-
vcna mol thc Rusien
Russian
Bolshcuik party was

Communist pa
Russi bccamc onc posty s e .
under Pasty ontol.
Trade Onions ueTe Kept
.The policeCallkd Cheka liist and ader 04"
tcr
&NKUD) punishd those oho csitiistd the bolahcu-

T h Civil uJa
When thc Bol oheuika o3descland 3edistibudion, hi
Tussian axmy Dqan to byak up.
S6nd. Soldios ,mosly pasarda, wishd to qo home
 d u s tsi budion
h
luboyal and upp o o odoc
Non BolshevilK soucdists,

aCy
acyconde mnd he bol sheuik upnsin

thc Real (Bol ahcok) -

once Soaolist Revcdutiorcsita) and

whta (Pso Tscista)

amian
Th wcTC backcal ahd Aubpotteal by iench,

Bish Tapanese Aoop

A oHhse Junt a ooY with bolshcuks.

*NaKig A soualist Souedy

o c t h e 0olshcoika Kpt Srnduattia and
the Civil
Dusing +he
Dusina
Banka ndionalisd. adopt by nolia
A prot oCentsaliscd planning was Snmsolud.(5 pan
all prit to pvomcte Indushic
h ouCtnment Jir
qTousth duti fist 2 5T plan 1927-32, 1433-38)
CendsJiso planhkirg kd CChomc qtovth, pvtducion inccak
d.

constiusion kd to poo okir Condition,

Rapid
Rabid
ararqmod
An cxendd schoolihN 68cm deuclopral and
An
Oske & pabauda erd UvessHi.
made oacor
hath art uocs ptoui dd.
Chap
Chab public

Cèches eslablisho in h toti.

 hism CollecliI53mh

s3 drah
d ah in 192
1921
Aottc) 1h0n
1
CLenn
en hcodr h kim

ook n
irs m
Jos ph lain
o bh
in 24
heee
,0u d
shotq
the
3pics Ans

o uns b pasan
Ih p6I.
thisc
od
to cl to q0
dudnol uda)
Ato-
ve
Kud tol and You
Rich p<abonly 01 kulaBs
Conisceed.
as
soluion
soludion to
collecivizcdion o zm n h
S a i n enord
in cdledix la-
in cdleei la-
o culiUeda
asany wxsc oectol
h p
kolkho3)o 1929,
W
thc and, and the KBIRho3 p
uoorKed on
Peausand
Peadard
e sisteo the audhogities and dutsoye
Enroad ptasar
Hh ivcatock,
3 bfuo 1a29 nd 1931
No. o CoHlel by
.No.
. Thooc
Thobe sho vcbisio u scvgcly purishto ard ma

Ahem ucve depovtkd &xilkd.

n sphe Collecnwisadion, psodudion did not inatal

mm
n c th baa haruesta o 1939-1433 Adto
ohc the mast devediedivq amin in aouict istory
 Global Sn|luone the uSsiGn keuolhion and Uss

Union o Souet. ACuedist

Rpublics
n ane COUnTeie Communist potis w ec0med ikK
he COmmurist pcir y beitain.
o ua
BolhauikK encouT aged Colonial peopke to (öllous th is
experi mend otaking po

Somc Ycavcd educadion in USSR Communisi unvesity

he he

*
Economic pla nnnq 5
yta planpin
8y he ime ohe oLdbrar ccond wod
the USSA,the USSR
hod givcn 0iism a
lob
aee and world stahue