5.2 Consider a unity feedback control system with...

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This solution was written by a subject matter expert. It's designed to help students like
you learn core concepts.

Step-by-step
1st step
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Step 1/2

To design the value of K such that the system operates with 20% overshoot, we need to
first determine the damping ratio (ζ) of the system. The damping ratio is a measure of
how much the system is overdamped or underdamped and is related to the overshoot
percentage as follows:

% Overshoot=100×e−ζπ1−ζ2

where ζ is the damping ratio. For a 20% overshoot, we have:

20=100×e−ζπ1−ζ2

Step 2/2

Now, we need to solve for ζ:

0.2=e−ζπ1−ζ2

Taking the natural logarithm of both sides:

ln⁡(0.2)=−ζπ1−ζ2

Now, solve for ζ:

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ζ=ln2(0.2)π2+ln2(0.2)≈0.455

Next, to find the natural frequency (ωn) of the system, we use the formula:

ωn=4ζTs

where Ts is the settling time. Since we haven't been given a specific settling time, let's
aim for a reasonably fast response and chooseTs=4 seconds. You can adjust this value
as per your specific requirements.

ωn=40.455×4≈2.197

Now, the transfer function for a second-order system in terms of damping ratio (ζ) and
natural frequency (ωn) is:

G(s)=ωn2s2+2ζωns+ωn2

Substitute the values of ζ and ωn:

G(s)=2.1972s2+2×0.455×2.197×s+2.1972

Compare this with the given transfer function:

G(s)=Ks(s+2)

Equating the numerators and denominators, we get:

K=2.1972=4.826

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So, to achieve a 20% overshoot, the value of K should be approximately 4.826.

Finally, to find the settling time Ts, we'll use the formula:

Ts=4ζωn

Substitute the values:

Ts=40.455×2.197≈4 seconds

Final answer
Therefore, with a value of K ≈ 4.826, the system will operate at a 20% overshoot, and the
settling time will be approximately 4 seconds.

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