Working Principle mn and Air Conditioning Working Principle ears wk by aug etgeant esis ie em io ge fats 8 os. The pcan clo apt, ak eure 98 «Tho capes compres a rare gs. Te corel gis has a viet, «Tho ek on bak of he ein eft wo gos ep oa Tho Refrigerant ‘gear gat ceased! i sme Thanh ese ui ous gh pen ae, «The Hl mee tls and sapere de fon pase. Te et Mal of ‘omen tiger atid om ator and on com sss, «Talon peru psa opisthn cad pby conse, nd yc mgs. — neetren oO‘Timeline of Refrigerants Ideal Properties for a Refrigerant opr 1 Hhlaon nest aprzton ers, CO, NI, $0, HCOOCE, HC, 1 Gwe Hg suctongos densiy 1, CC, Boiling point 1 ostve bu nat excess rssues a eveperabg an conning condtons oe Cia emperaure nde pit we use te waking args SaaS) eacaiiy|] + Stnsay ee patie cnet maa aac rr ‘Toeiy 1 Noncorosv, enix anénon frat Ewen fendy cor = Lowcost —a rohlne | Leta ntren tier eth HEC, Hs, HFOs, marl eign, hy co) Btiaarapletn aahay be seonponi. Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) ‘Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) The ozone layer nour upper atmosphere proves a fier for ultraviolet raaton, hich canbe ham lo our health. Researchers found tat he zone layer was thinring, duet emissions into he atmosphere of C=Cs, halons an bromides fer saris of rigorous meetings and nepetiaons, he Monital Protocol on substances that Deplte the Czone Layer was fly agreed in 1987, Signatoras agreed fo phase ov the productin ofthese chemicals by 1995. Noreovr, the European Union sew up far mere stingent requson, which tanned all new HOF ‘nupmont in 2004, tannod te sale of naw HCFC rtgerant fox sevice in January 2010 and recycled retigrantin 2018.Global Warming Potential (GWP) ‘Total Equivalent Warming Impact (TEWT) Global warming ie the Inceating of the werd’s lemperatues, which ruts Tet = (GM XL) + KEW X M1 ~ dong! #1 Eat * reling ofthe poe ice caps and sing S68 loves ts caused by the close into + Loolage Je Recoveryloases fe Energy conaumption el the atmosphere of sealed :conhouse gas, which fom a Blanket and reflect, heat beck fo the eats surface, or Holl hel in he atmesphee, The most Me reputed gresouse gas is carbon dide (CO, which once released remains in iret tba! warming pont inrct otal a vwormeg patents GWE Giobalwaming potenial _{CO-resto] ‘ho stmospare fr 00 years, The GW? ales for HFC rogers cant soon u kesape epee,” al Table 3.1. for example, R134a has 2 GWP of 1300, which meas that he emission m mga charge ta of hg of Rita alent 130 kg of CO, Most the euant gneaton rome BROMO Narn toigrats esos vryhigh GHP. 5 COyEistr per RMR CM sevens miner BO) econ mensemnenn ‘Total Equivalent Warming Impact (TEW1) Refrigerant Naming omme —an “DO “The casiicaton of halogen refgernts doves fom saturated hydrocarbons and tena o censising of only ne substance i lsat bythe oxampl below : iat gas 4 f-peigoat —! ||| Loves ter ene space ‘Somer (lecular ortaton) om 8 ws Doom Bal see te nuber of hae alo on caamne | CHF. tne nunaertnyaapen S aon tt = ‘oer sintas wetmas the mia carbon) toe —1 onto won Ophea enn me meena CE) aan ens tes nance ° ‘ aRefrigerant Naming Mbcces are designed by th rmpecive sgwant nubers and mass propa For manga Foun 1h—netigerant —! |] | _— Uppercase lt denotes apecit conposten i's comport Chronological numbering Aesignating the components of the mitre, but not tha precentage at [RIS A, P= a0 Jase 2%), cw = 4470 Ja 5), GW = 190 400 series donates ratrope more Refrigerant Naming Miscelaneous organic compounds are inthe 600 series; numbers ae gen in uma ode, for example, RODS, sobstne Inorgani compounds arin the 700 sares. Mention ruber ae formed by ing te relative molecular mass of components to 700 Example: R717 covespords fo ammeria hich tas amoleclar mass of 17 RT means walt, and RTA means CO, 8) esas peermen Refrigerant Naming Zoosopic (Been tong pint ofeach cumgonent) matures are assigned an idertvng nubs inte 40 srs, Tis number designates which components are in the mire, and the flowing uppercase leer dencies the proportons, The rumbers a in croclogial order of the rfigerants approval by ASHRAE Example: ROTA (RAQRIZERIMa (214040), RAOTE (RIDIRNZAIRAA (1077020), R4a7e (RIARIASRISHa (202562), -Azsotop (same beling point ofthe compound) mites are in the 500 sors. Example: REO? (RI2HR 43a (5050), Health and Personal ines and environmental are italy important. HFC retigrais are non lox in the tradtonal sense, but rnevetaless great care must be taken to ‘ensure adequate vein n areas where heave ttn air gases may accundae Toxic and flammable retigerants must be handled wih great care. Disposal of refigerais must be done wih an expert.Classification af Compressor Compressor ecrtocne settingle acting recipracating compressor AA single-acing compressor is a type of air compressor which uses ‘only one end of the piston forthe suction and compression purpose. in simple words, the fst stroke of the piston sucks the arr inside the ‘compressor while the air compression occur inthe second stroke. i = ae = ) Single acting reciprocating compressor ‘Advantages of Single-Acting Compressors + These compressors are less cosy as compared to othe types of reciprocating air compressors, + Asingle-actng reciprocating ar compressor hes less tubing + These ate very easy to maintain + Ituses less compressed ai + These reciprocating compressors are bes for cycles having med duty Single acting reciprocating compressor ‘The explanation of the P-V diagram is given below. The below igure represents a single-actng air compressor without clearance velume. Single acting reciprocating compressor Disadvantages of Sngle-Acting Compressors > The major dsadvantoge of the singl-acing ar compressor is halt has 2 fst that wr in ony one deeton at atin, > This piston (rar compresso) feces the aint tho exnder in ony one een > Thespting takes up space and lms he yrs war stoke > The sping fore ofthese comeessors reduces the aerodynaics and mis the eer resuting fre, > These ar ss fice! han cetivgal compressors. Gs)Double acting reciprocating compressor 4 2 ~ & Components of Double acting reciprocating compressor oenereneemnnninneeenemnemanee G Clad Tailed ce 9h anal olsen career congnei,On sal eros yi ma by ling dc to conproir too. Ths pat of te doting canpresier makes of cal for ge mujer ‘ampssnn, eens ate ranlacures spay a atch 9 he congeset body clo dagen, ie cress” low os oon it wh 9 ho Ine wou pang ne nie cages. Piso: Tho psn mows up até cow I th clr. This mons krows 2s 2 ‘screaing rowan. Ta pn se a somes ihe at aug ret. Nosy th pos ofthseconprssos mats of azirine cst. Durr epee rmovemer wen fe end coke mu ret lak Sreugh Be sac bwoen bo pio ad eed wl. Sha ong carport aver wih pon [sal conresor dee ot ad apn ng, Th peo tata te oda hs pion ao cons wn trang le pew be cores eigen fom eng Double acting reciprocating compressor ‘A reciprocating air compressor that uses both sides of the piston to suck and compress the air is called a double-acing compressor. In simple ‘words, the piston of a double-acing reciprocating compressor uses its both sides fo iro gas sucton and compression. Components of Double acting reciprocating compressor Cconecting Rat: The cng fo indes ote moe eta desing cones crores tate alek telisn fa rsh fhe ptr One ie tthe comeuing cornet he cost ith eran ap eas (art ames wth Pm path va pon a. Thee ao cetacean he Cerrar ee make & post 9 cor oars loa meron! roe ‘toe lseaing ovonal she carronor set. July, he cei tt ‘ateat te oe can sa > Piston Rig The str gecesi. As tho sion soci he cya ln tng anes eet wer Dayle WaT 8 scale ‘e2en atc a plo rr andes wal al mut bo eps we me te cones ncon cre The ton rg exes i ofp. pes engleenercal te ewe ase > Suetoe and Oder Valve: To scion wake uss fo sing be ar nD the conn er td edly aba charge te eAdvantages of Double acting reciprocating compressor + Electity consumption is much lower. + The piston works in both directions + These compressors have high efcency * It produces efeient compression + This compressor doesn’ require much maintenance and jst requires routine vise maintenance. Ithas a long ite. ‘Twolmulti stage reciprocating compressor é Disadvantages of Double acting recipracating compressor ‘The intial cost of tis compressors high. Ithas a large size as compared tothe single-acting compressor. ‘These compressors cant stayin the mide positon ‘ALong-sttoke cylinder needs fo guide te piston rod correctly It requires high space for instalation. Scroll Compressor