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 AFFAIRSCLOUD TODAY
Current Affairs 1 December 2022 : Headlines

1. NITI Aayog releases Study Report on Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage
2. 53rd Edition of International Film Festival of India hosted in Goa – November 20 – 28, 2022
3. India’s Maternal Mortality Ratio declines to 97 Per Lakh Live Births in 2018-20
4. BIS Signs MoU with top 6 engineering institutes to Introducing Indian Standards in Curriculum
5. Government Exempts ISRO from Provisions of Explosives Rule; ICHR Approaches ISRO to
Compile India’s Ancient Legacy in S&T
6. Electric Boat Manufacturer Navalt gets its 1st Export Order
7. UNESCO recommended to place Australia’s Great Barrier Reef on ‘in danger’ List
8. UNCTAD’s Review of Maritime Transport for 2022: Global shipping growth at risk from
economic crisis
9. WHO renames Monkeypox as ‘mpox’, citing Racism, Discrimination Concerns
10. India Extends Financial Assistance Worth USD 100 million to Maldives
11. SEBI hikes debt funds’ limit to 12% in Single Issuer Securities
12. SBM Bank & OPEN Partners to Launch Asia’s first end-to-end Embedded Finance Platform
13. YES Bank Partners with Turtlefin to Launch First Comprehensive Technology Platform,
‘EasyNsure’
14. Tata group & Singapore Airlines agrees to merge Air India and Vistara
15. JAXA Uses Steam to Successfully Propel its Moon Spacecraft, EQUULEUS
16. Meltwater Champions Chess Tour 2022: Magnus Carlsen Wins finals defeating Jan-Krzysztof
Duda
17. Former President of China Jiang Zemin Passed Away
18. Toyota Kirloskar Motor Vice Chairperson Vikram Kirloskar Passed Away
19. Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare 2022 – November 30
20. National Organ Donation Day 2022 – November 27
21. International Jaguar Day 2022 – November 29
22. Meghalaya Cabinet approves Mental Health and Social Care Policy

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 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
NITI Aayog releases Study Report on Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage
On November 29, 2022, the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog released a study
report titled ‘Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) Policy Framework and its Deployment
Mechanism in India’.

• It is prepared by the M. N. Dastur & Company (P) Ltd. which received the financial assistance
under the Research Scheme of NITI Aayog.
What is in the report?
It explores the importance of CCUS as an emission reduction strategy to achieve deep decarbonization
from the hard-to-abate sectors.
What is CCUS?
i.It is the process of capturing the carbon dioxide (CO2), released due to industrial activities/power
generation using fossil fuels, before it is released in the atmosphere. The captured CO2 is then used to
make commercially marketable products thus contributing to the circular economy.
• These products include green urea, food and beverage form application, building materials
(concrete and aggregates), chemicals (methanol and ethanol), polymers (including bio-plastics)
and enhanced oil recovery (EOR), etc.
ii.Globally there are about 21 CCUS facilities, with a capacity of capturing about 40 MTPA (Million Tonnes
Per Annum) of CO2 or only 0.1% of the 40 GTPA (Gigatonne per annum) global annual GHG (Green House
Gas) emissions.
iii.The first CCUS projects started in the 1970s and 1980s in Texas, United States (US).
Key Points:
i.India is the 3rd largest emitter of CO2 in the world after China and the US, with estimated annual
emissions of about 2.6 GTPA.
ii.The role of CCUS is important for India in achieving its targets including 50% of its total installed
capacity from non-fossil-based energy sources, 45% reduction in emission intensity by 2030 and taking
steps towards achieving Net Zero by 2070
iii.CCUS can reduce imports and lead to an Atmanirbhar Indian economy.
iv.CCUS projects will also lead to employment generation.
• It is estimated that about 750 MTPA of carbon capture by 2050 can create employment
opportunities of about 8-10 million on full time equivalent (FTE) basis in a phased manner.

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53rd Edition of International Film Festival of India hosted in Goa – November 20 – 28, 2022
The 53rd International Film Festival of India (IFFI) was held in Goa from November 20 – 28, 2022.
• IFFI is an annual film festival, which has been organized with the philosophy of “Vasudhaiva
Kutumbakam” (the world is one family) at its core.

IFFI is jointly organized by the National Film Development Corporation and the Entertainment Society of
Goa.
International Film Festival of India (53rd Edition) – 2022 Spotlight Events
i.Eight movies were shown as part of the Country Focus package, with France serving as the “spotlight”
nation.
ii.The opening and closing films of the IFFI 2022 festival were the Austrian film ‘Alma and Oskar’,
directed by Dieter Berner, and Krzysztof Zanussi’s ‘Perfect Number’.
iii.Three films – Teesri Manzil, Do Badan, and Kati Patang – of Asha Parekh, who was awarded with the
esteemed Dadasaheb Phalke Award 2020 (National Film Awards presented in 2022) were screened.
iv.In 2022, there were 42 pavilions, and for the first time, pavilions appeared at IFFI in line with significant
international markets such as the Marche du Cannes.
v.Shigmotsav (the spring festival) and Goa Carnival are among the attractions during the 53rd IFFI.
vi.IFFI 2022 featured 280 films from 79 different nations.
vii.The “Indian Panorama” featured 25 feature films and 20 non-feature films from India, while 183 films
were shown as part of the international programming.
53rd edition of IFFI: Mega Star Chiranjeevi receives Indian Film Personality of the Year Award for
2022
At the closing ceremony of the 53rd International Film Festival of India (IFFI), Konidela Siva Sankara Vara
Prasad, better known by his stage name Chiranjeevi, was given the Indian Film Personality of the Year
Award for 2022.
• He is widely regarded as the Mega Star of Tollywood and he has also received the Padma
Bhushan award in 2006.
Chiranjeevi had a distinguished acting career that lasted more than 4 decades.
• He has appeared in more than 150 Telugu-language feature films in addition to a few in Hindi,
Tamil, and Kannada.
53rd edition of IFFI: Iranian film ‘Nargesi’ on the struggles of a person with Down’s Syndrome wins
ICFT-UNESCO Gandhi Medal
The Iranian film “Nargesi,” directed by Payam Eskandari, was awarded the ‘ICFT-UNESCO Gandhi
Medal’ at the 53rd International Film Festival of India.

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 • The Kashmir Files (India, 2021) also competed for the ICFT-UNESCO Gandhi Medal.
About the film ‘Nargesi’:
Iran | 2021 | Persian | 84 Mins | Colour
Cast & Crew
• Director & Screenwriter: Payam Eskandari. He is known for his movies ‘Nargesi’, ‘The Good, the
Bad, the Corny’ (2017) and ‘Mohey’ (2016).
• Producer: Shahab Hosseini
• DoP: Mohammad Namdar
• Cast: Hossein Eskandari, Shahab Hosseini, Ghazal Nazar
The movie revolves around a man with ‘Down syndrome’ and the burdens and consequences it imposes on
his life. This award-winning film depicts two qualities: compassion and tenderness.
ICFT-UNESCO Gandhi Medal
The Gandhi Medal is given to one film each year at IFFI by ICFT Paris and United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
• UNESCO established a commemorative medal in 1994 to celebrate the 125th anniversary of the
birth of Mahatma Gandhi.
Since then, the ICFT UNESCO Gandhi Medal has been granted to a movie that best depicts Mahatma
Gandhi’s principles of nonviolence, tolerance, and peace.
53rd edition of IFFI: Spanish Film ‘I Have Electric Dreams’ by Costa Rican film maker Valentina
Maurel bags Golden Peacock
At the 53rd IFFI, ‘Tengo sueños eléctricos / I HAVE ELECTRIC DREAMS’ was awarded the coveted Golden
Peacock Award for Best Film, for its electrifying portrayal of adulthood.
• The film is Directed by Valentina Maurel, a Costa Rican film maker.
Other Major Awards
i.The ‘Silver Peacock’ for ‘Best Director’ was awarded to Nader Saeivar for his work on the Turkish film
“No End” (Bi Payan).
• The film details the manipulations and machinations of Iran’s secret police.
ii.The ‘Silver Peacock’ for ‘Best Actor (Male)’ was awarded to Vahid Mobasseri, the lead actor in the
movie ‘No End’.
iii.Daniela Marn Navarro, a 19-year-old debut actor who plays 16-year-old Eva in the Spanish film “I
Have Electric Dreams,” was named ‘Best Actor (Female)’.
iv.A Special Jury Award has been given to Filipino director Lav Diaz for “When the Waves Are Gone”
(Kapag wala nang mga alon).
v.IFFI honoured Athens-born director Asimina Proedrou with the Award for Best Debut Feature Film of
a Director for the film “Behind The Haystacks,” which had its international premiere at the festival.
vi.Praveen Kandregula, Director, Writer and Cinematographer, earned a Special Mention from the jury for
his film ‘Cinema Bandi’.
Clean-A-Thon Kicked Off On Miramar Beach by Goa CM Dr. Pramod Sawant
A cleanup campaign called ‘Clean-A-Thon’, intended to foster the value of keeping our surroundings clean,
was launched at the final day of the IFFI 2022 at Miramar Beach in Goa.
• It encompasses both tourists and residents of the state of Goa.
It was organised by the Divyaj Foundation and the Bhamla Foundation in partnership with the Goa
government.
• The event was officially launched by Dr. Pramod P Sawant, the Chief Minister (CM) of Goa.
Film ‘Dear Diary’ wins 53-Hour Challenge for 75 creative minds
The 2nd edition of ‘75 Creative Minds of Tomorrow’ at IFFI in Goa concluded with the award ceremony
of the “53-Hour Challenge”.

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 • The award ceremony for the “53-Hour Challenge” marked the conclusion of the 2nd edition
of “75 Creative Minds of Tomorrow” at IFFI in Goa.
• It is an initiative by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (MIB).
The competition was launched by Union Minister Anurag Singh Thakur, MIB.
• It was organized by the National Film Development Corporation in partnership with Shorts TV.
Key Points:
i.The competition presented a challenge to the 75 Creative Minds chosen from all around India to create a
short film on their vision of India@100, all in 53 hours.
• The number of filmmakers honoured represents 75 years of Indian independence.
• Five short films were made in the 53-hour time frame.
ii.The winning movie was “Dear Diary,” a movie by Team Purple that underscores the issue of women’s
safety.
iii.Antardrishti, The Ring, Almost, and Sau Ka Note are the other four films made for the competition.
Recent Related News:
iIn October 2022, The President of India, Droupadi Murmu, presented the 68th edition of the National
Film Awards for the year 2020 in various categories in New Delhi, Delhi.
ii.Renowned actor Asha Parekh was awarded with the esteemed Dadasaheb Phalke Award for the year
2020 during the 68th National Film Awards for the year 2020 ceremony in Delhi. She is the 52nd recipient
of the prestigious award given to artists in the Indian film industry.
About the International Film Festival of India (IFFI):
IFFI is one of the most prominent film festivals in Asia.
Chairperson (Steering Committee IFFI 2022)– Anurag Singh Thakur, Union Minister, MIB
Founded – 1952

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India’s Maternal Mortality Ratio declines to 97 Per Lakh Live Births in 2018-20
A Special Bulletin on Maternal Mortality in India 2018-20 was released by the office of the Registrar
General and Census Commissioner of India. As per it, the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) has declined
from 130 per lakh live births in 2014-16 to 97 per lakh live births in 2018-20.

Highlights:
i.Assam has the highest MMR of 195 while Kerala has the lowest of 19 per lakh live births.
ii.Assam is followed by Madhya Pradesh with MMR of 173 per lakh live births and Uttar Pradesh 167.
iii.Kerala is followed by Maharashtra (33) and Telangana (43).
iv.MMR in Punjab and Haryana continues to be higher than the national average of 97.
• In Punjab, it is 105 deaths per one lakh live births and in Haryana it is 110 deaths.
v.The highest number of maternal deaths nationally i.e. 32% happened in the 20 to 24 year age group
followed by 30% in 25-29 years and 20% in 30 to 34 years.
vi.At the adolescent level 15 to 10 years, there was 6% of all maternal deaths, indicating child marriages.
vii.The statistics of MMR are derived from Sample Registration System (SRS).
What is Maternal Mortality?
i.Maternal mortality in a region is a measure of the reproductive health of women in the area.
• According to World Health Organization (WHO), “Maternal death is the death of a woman while
pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of
the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but
not from accidental or incidental causes.”
ii.Maternal Mortality Ratio which is defined as the number of maternal deaths during a given time period
per 1,00,000 live births during the same period.
Click Here for Official Link
Points to be noted:
i.The target 3.1 of the Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations (UN) aims at reducing the
global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 1,00,000 live births.
ii.India is a signatory to the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs), which adopted a global
MMR target of fewer than 70 deaths per 1,00,000 live births by 2030.
Some Interventions made by the Indian Government to reduce MMR in India:
i.Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY) launched in 2017:
• It is a direct benefit transfer (DBT) scheme under which cash benefits are provided to pregnant
women in their bank accounts to meet enhanced nutritional needs and partially compensate for
wage loss.
ii.Labour Room Quality Improvement Initiative (LaQshya) launched in 2017:
• It aims to improve the quality of care in labour room and maternity operation theatres to
ensure that pregnant women receive respectful and quality care during delivery and immediate
postpartum period.
iii.POSHAN Abhiyaan launched in 2018:

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 • Its goal is to achieve improvement in nutritional status of children, adolescent girls, pregnant
women and lactating mothers.
iv.Schemes such as Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram and Janani Suraksha Yojana have been modified and
upgraded to Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan’ (SUMAN).
• Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) is particularly lauded for its focus on
identifying high-risk pregnancies and facilitating their appropriate management.
Recent Related News:
i.NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) and the Council of Scientific & Industrial
Research (CSIR), have jointly prepared a report “Assessment of Lead Impact on Human and India’s
Response”, in July 2022, which found that India bears the world’s highest health and economic burden due
to lead poisoning.
ii.According to the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2022, which is titled “Unpacking Deprivation
Packages to Reduce Multidimensional Poverty”, 415 million people in India have been able to liberate from
poverty over a 15-year period between 2005–2006 and 2019–21, which is a “historic change.”
About Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India:
Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India– Dr. Vivek Joshi
Parent Ministry– Ministry of Home Affairs
Headquarters– New Delhi, Delhi

BIS Signs MoU with top 6 engineering institutes to Introducing Indian Standards in Curriculum
On 28th November 2022, Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) signed Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
with top six engineering institutes of India for introducing Indian standards as an integral part of the
curriculum.
• The MoU was signed with the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) BHU,Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh,
Malaviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT) Jaipur, IIT Indore, IIT Patna, IIT Madras and
National Institute of Technology (NIT) Trichy for the establishment of ‘BIS Standardization
Chair Professor’ at these institutes.
Key highlights:
i.The establishment of ‘BIS Standardization Chair Professor’ will promote excellence and leadership in
teaching and research as well as development in the field of Science and various disciplines in the
respective institutes.
ii.The MoU will also strengthen and enhance the standards formulation activity by facilitating Research &
Development (R&D) projects, encouraging involvement of young minds in the area of standardisation
process and jointly organising seminars, conferences, workshops, symposia or lectures, training and short-
term education programs.

Government Exempts ISRO from Provisions of Explosives Rule; ICHR Approaches ISRO to
Compile India’s Ancient Legacy in S&T
The Central Government has exempted the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) from taking its
approval for manufacturing, storage, use and transportation of solid propellant for space rockets to
promote ease of doing business.
• A solid propellant is the main fuel used in a category of space rockets.
• Earlier, ISRO was required to take a licence from the Petroleum and Explosives Safety
Organisations (PESO), an arm of the department for promotion of industry and internal trade
(DPIIT).
Note – The PESO (formerly known as the Department of Explosives), is a nodal agency for regulating the
safety of hazardous substances, such as explosives, compressed gas and petroleum.

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Notification:

The notification from the Central Government says, ‘The Central government hereby exempts Indian Space
Research Organisation from the operation of all the provisions of the Explosives rule 2008 for
manufacturing, storage, use and transportation of solid propellant for space rockets falling under UN Class
I (explosives)’.
Key highlights:
i. Background – ISRO was demanding this exemption, which was in place before 2008. In 2008, some changes
were made in the explosives rule, which took away that exemption and now that has been restored
ii.According to the notification,
• ISRO has to follow the guidelines of the Storage and Transportation of Explosives Committee
(STEC) for the construction of buildings for the manufacture, storage, transportation and use of
explosives.
• They also have to carry out a biennial safety audit of the solid propellant manufacturing
facilities with the participation of a member from the Centre for Fire, Explosive and
Environment Safety (CFEES), under the ministry of defence(MoD).
ICHR Approaches ISRO to Compile India’s Ancient Legacy in S&T
The Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR) has embarked on a project titled, ‘History of Indian
Science and Technology’ to compile India’s history of science and technology (S&T), and economics from
the ancient times to the present.
• ICHR has approached the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for the compilation
project and has sent a concept note to ISRO chairman, S Somanath.
• The Ministry of Education (MoE) has sanctioned Rs 25 lakh for the project.
About the compilation:
i.The History of Science and Technology will be compiled in six volumes with two volumes each dedicated
to ancient history, medieval history and modern era with an expected cost of Rs 5 crore.
ii.The first volume is expected to be ready in the next 5 months and is aimed to release by 22nd March
2023.
Note – A similar structure would be followed in the compilation of India’s economic history.
Key highlights:
i.The project helps in compiling a comprehensive history of India from the Indian perspective based on a
cross-section of sources across different regions and local languages.
ii.Presently, India’s comprehensive history has been influenced by the medieval Islamic period and the
colonial rule, while the post-Independence writings have a pronounced Marxist perspective.

Electric Boat Manufacturer Navalt gets its 1st Export Order

Navalt Solar, Kochi (Kerala)-based solar-electric boat manufacturer, and Electric Boats has received its 1st
export order. It received the order worth USD 650,000 (nearly Rs 5 crore) from Maldives.

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 • The 20 metres long and 7 metres wide ferry will be used by the Maldives for inter-island
passenger transport.
• The company has secured an order for 35 boats worth USD 10 million (Rs 80 crore).
• The boat’s 40 kW (kilowatts) motor will be powered by a 40kWh (kW-hour) (lithium iron
phosphate (LFP) or lithium-titanium-oxide (LTO)) battery, which can be charged either with
grid power or, at least partly, with a 20kW solar panel on the roof.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
UNESCO recommended to place Australia’s Great Barrier Reef on ‘in danger’ List
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) released a report
recommending Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR) on a list of world heritage sites in danger. It is the
world’s biggest coral reef ecosystem.

• This recommendation has been made as the reef is significantly impacted by climate change and
warming of oceans.
• However, this recommendation of ‘in danger’ status will be considered with submissions from
the Federal and Queensland governments (Australia) before UNESCO makes a final decision on
its status.
The report followed the UNESCO’s 10-day visit to reef in March 2022. It made 22 recommendations, 10 of
which must be addressed with utmost urgency. The report is written by experts from the
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and UNESCO.
• The properties are included in the list of World Heritage in danger in accordance with Article 11
(4) of the Convention.
Highlights from Report:
i.GBR is faced with major threats that could have deleterious effects on its inherent characteristics.
ii.The acidity of its water has increased 26%, and water quality targets have not been met.
iii.There are frequent bleaching events affecting the reef due to the warming oceans due to the burning of
fossil fuels, and acidification. There was widespread bleaching in 1998, 2002, 2016, 2017, 2020 and 2022.
• Notably, it was the first time that the GBR suffered a bleaching event during a La Nina
phenomenon of 2022, which typically brings cooler temperatures.
• Bleaching happens when the water warms too much, causing corals to expel the colourful algae
living in their tissues and turn white.
iv.The report recommended urgent action to stop sediment runoff, a ban on destructive gill net fishing and
a reduction in runoff from banana and sugarcane farming.
Key Points:
i.Corals can survive a bleaching event but can stunt their growth and affect reproduction.

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ii.Australian Government has pledged to spend A$1.2 billion ($800 million) in coming years to protect the
reef.
iii.It is also committed to reducing Australia’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHGs) by at least 43% from
2005 levels by 2030.
iv.Covering an area of 348,000 square kilometres and home to more than 1,500 species of fish and over
400 species of hard corals, the GBR is an extremely critical marine ecosystem on the Earth.
• It also contributes $4.8 billion annually to Australia’s economy and supports 64,000 jobs in
tourism, fishing and research,
• Date of Inscription: 1981
v.The UNESCO classifies 52 such sites as in danger in order to encourage action to protect them.
Recent Related News:
i.The Minister of State for Culture Arjun Ram Meghwal represented the Indian delegation at the UNESCO-
MONDIACULT 2022 World Conference that was held in Mexico from 28th September 2022 to 30th
September 2022.
ii.The UNESCO’s World Teachers’ Day (WTD) is annually observed across the globe on October 5 to
celebrate and honour teachers for their contributions to their students. The theme for 2022 is “The
Transformation of Education begins with Teachers”.
About the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO):
Director-General– Audrey Azoulay
Headquarters– Paris, France
Members– 193 Members & 11 Associate Members
Establishment– 1945 (came into force in 1946)

UNCTAD’s Review of Maritime Transport for 2022: Global shipping growth at risk from
economic crisis
According to the “Review of Maritime Transport – 2022” published by the United Nations Conference on
Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the pace of global shipping activity is set to decrease in 2023 due to
the impacts of economic turmoil, the conflict between Ukraine and Russia and the impact of COVID-19
pandemic on the outlook for trade.

• The report has estimated that the global maritime trade growth would moderate to 1.4% in
2022 and remain at the same level in 2023.
• The report also compares the estimated growth of 3.2% in 2021 and overall shipment volume of
11 billion tonnes, versus a 3.8% decline in 2020.
Note:
• The slowdown is expected to impact Maritime Transport, the major layer on international trade
and the global economy.

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 • Around 80% of the international trade volume is transported by sea, and the percentage is even
higher for most developing countries.
About the report:
i.The Review of Maritime Transport, the flagship report of UNCTAD, is published annually since 1968.
ii.The report offers an analysis of structural and cyclical changes affecting seaborne trade, ports and
shipping, as well as an extensive collection of statistics from maritime trade and transport.
iii.The 2022 report includes a special chapter on consolidation and competition issues in the maritime
transport sector.
Key Points:
i.According to the report, for the period 2023–2027, the growth is expected to grow at 2.1% annually,
which is slower than the 3.3% average recorded during the past three decades.
ii.The review has estimated that higher grain prices and dry bulk freight rates in early 2022 contribute to a
1.2% increase in consumer food prices.
iii.The Container ships have spent 13.7 % longer in port in 2021 compared to 2020, exacerbating delays
and shortages.
iv.In 2021, the total greenhouse-gas emissions from the world fleet have increased by 4.7%.
Additional info:
The UNCTAD has called for investment in maritime supply chains to enable ports, shipping fleets and
hinterland connections to be prepared for global crises like climate change and the transition to low-
carbon energy.
About United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD):
Secretary–General– Rebeca Grynspan
Headquarters– Geneva, Switzerland

WHO renames Monkeypox as ‘mpox’, citing Racism, Discrimination Concerns

The World Health Organisation (WHO) has renamed monkeypox as mpox, citing concerns the original
name of the decades-old animal disease could be construed as discriminatory and racist.
• According to the United Nations (UN) statement, mpox was its new preferred name for
monkeypox and that both names would be used for the next year as the previous name is
phased out.
• So far, there have been more than 80,000 cases identified in dozens of countries that had not
previously reported the smallpox-related disease.
Note: The 1st human monkeypox case was recorded in 1970. So it will take time to replace a term that has
been used for decades.

BANKING & FINANCE

India Extends Financial Assistance Worth USD 100 million to Maldives
India has provided financial assistance of USD 100 million in the form of Budgetary support to
the Maldives government to ease its difficult economic challenges.
• A symbolic cheque was handed over by the High Commissioner of India, Munu Mahawar to the
Maldives’ Minister of Foreign Affairs Abdulla Shahid during the ceremony held at the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs in Maldives.
Participants:
• The ceremony was attended by Maldives Minister of Finance Ibrahim Ameer and India’s
External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar participated via videoconferencing.

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 • Members of Parliament, High Commissioners, senior officials from the Ministry of Finance, High
Commission of India in Maldives and the State Bank of India (SBI) also attended the ceremony.
Key highlights:
i.The financial support of USD 100 million to the Maldives government will be provided through
subscription in Maldives’ Government Domestic Treasury bonds by SBI, Malé, Maldives.
• The partnership between the Maldives and India will provide crucial assistance in the progress
and development of the Maldives.
ii.This financial assistance is being extended without any conditions and Maldives is free to use it in its
economic recovery as it deems fit.
iii.India will continue to stand by the government and people of Maldives and also India’s Neighbourhood
first and Maldives’ India first policies work in tandem to safeguard the well-being of the people of both
countries.

SEBI hikes debt funds’ limit to 12% in Single Issuer Securities

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has increased the investment limit of mutual funds
(MFs) in debt instruments issued by a single issuer to 12% of the Net Asset Value (NAV) from 10% w.e.f.
November 29, 2022 on all new schemes.

• Existing schemes will be exempt until the maturity of the underlying debt and money market
securities.
This circular by SEBI is issued in exercise of its powers conferred under Section 11 (1) of the SEBI Act,
1992, read with the provisions of Regulation 77 of SEBI (Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996, to protect the
interests of investors and to promote the development of the securities market.
Key Points:
i.The single-issuer instruments include money market securities and non-money market securities re-
rated investment grade by a credit rating agency.
ii.MFs require prior approval of the boards of Trustees and Directors of the Asset Management Company
(AMC) for the enhanced limit.
iii.MF schemes cannot invest more than 10% of its NAV in debt and money market securities rated AAA,
and 8% of a scheme’s NAV in securities rated AA.

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 • Similarly, it can invest only 6% of NAV in debt rated A and below.
iv.The investment limits can be extended by 2% of the scheme’s NAV with prior approval of the Board of
Trustees and AMC board, subject to compliance with the overall 12% limit specified in clause 1 of Seventh
Schedule of SEBI (Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996
v.Exposure to government money market instruments will be treated as exposure to government
securities
About Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI):
Chairperson– Madhabi Puri Buch
Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra
Establishment– 1992

SBM Bank & OPEN Partners to Launch Asia’s first end-to-end Embedded Finance Platform
On 30th November 2022, SBM Bank India partnered with Open Financial Technologies Private
Limited announced a strategic partnership to launch Asia’s first end-to-end Embedded Finance
platform, ‘Zwitch’.

Zwitch will offer a no-code, low-code and full-stack Application Programming Interface (API) solution that
enables fintechs to build their own financial products using Zwitch’s technology stack, which comprises
drag-drop dashboard, low-code plugins along with 300+ APIs.
• Zwitch is built and operated by OPEN Financial Technologies Private Limited.
Note – Non-fintechs like, Software as a service (SaaS) platforms, health techs and others can also use this
platform to embed financial features into their product or service.
Key highlights:
i.With Zwitch, businesses can embed financial features like savings accounts, credit & debit cards, lending
and others in a few weeks and at 10x lesser cost using no-code drag and drop widgets or full stack APIs for
developers, and also without compliances.
ii.Zwitch significantly reduces the go-to-market timelines for these businesses, increases revenue streams,
creates newer avenues to engage with existing and new users.
iii.Until now, Zwitch platform was available only to select clients in limited beta and over 50 plus
businesses have built their fintech features using the platform. With this partnership, Zwitch’s technology
and services will be available to the larger business community.
Note – Earlier, Zwitch powered Fedo.ai, a health tech company to launch India’s first health savings
account.
About OPEN Financial Technologies Private Limited:
OPEN Financial Technologies Private Limited is a digital banking fintech enterprise that runs Open
Money, a Small & Medium Enterprises (SME) neobanking platform; Zwitch, an embedded finance
platform and BankingStack, an enterprise digital banking platform for banks.

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Co-founder & Chief Executive Officer (CEO) – Anish Achuthan
Headquarters – Bangalore, Karnataka
Establishment – 2017

YES Bank Partners with Turtlefin to Launch First Comprehensive Technology

Platform, ‘EasyNsure’
YES BANK partnered with TurtleFin, India’s leading insurtech platform, to launch ‘EasyNsure’, a first-of-
its-kind comprehensive technology platform, that will bring multiple insurance partners onto a common
platform.

Key Highlights:
i.This technology platform will allow business tracking across bank hierarchy, simplifying revenue
reconciliation.
ii.Benefits – EasyNsure provides benefits including seamless single-point online insurance service, the
ability to compare and select a suitable insurance cover based on the customer’s need and also provides
facility to compare costs for rationalising purchase decisions.
iii.Presently, the EasyNsure platform consists of around 40 Life and General Insurance plans and has
created over 30,000 insurance quotes with more than 6,500 proposals and 5,200 policies being punched.
• Until now, the platform has recorded a total premium of Rs. 6,050 lakh.
About YES Bank:
Managing Director (MD) & Chief Executive Officer (CEO) – Prashant Kumar
Establishment – 2004
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra
Tagline – Experience Our Expertise

ACQUISITIONS & MERGERS

Tata group & Singapore Airlines agrees to merge Air India and Vistara
On 29th November 2022, Singapore Airlines (SIA) and Tata Sons (Tata) agreed to merge Air
India and Vistara, with SIA also investing Rs 20,585 million (SD 360 million, USD 250 million) in Air
India as part of the transaction.
• As a result, SIA would hold a 25.1% share in an enlarged Air India group that would have a
significant presence in all important market segments.
• SIA and Tata aim to complete the merger by March 2024.
Key Highlights:
i. SIA intends to fully fund this investment with its internal cash resources, which amounted to SD17.5
billion as of September 30, 2022.

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ii. The expansion and operations of the larger Air India in FY2022/23 and FY2023/24 will be funded by
fresh capital injections from SIA and Tata, if necessary.
iii. SIA’s share of any additional capital infusion, based on its 25.1% post-completion stake, could be up to
Rs 50,200 million (SD 880 million, USD 615 million), payable only once the transaction is complete.
iv. The actual amount will depend on factors, including the expansion of Air India’s business plan and its
access to other funding options.
v. Currently, SIA and Tata hold a 49% and 51% stake in Vistara respectively.
Air India gets 1st Boeing 777-200LR to fly on International Route
Air India has received its 1st Boeing 777-200 LR (Long Range) Vihaan, which means “dawn of a new era”,
is the name given to the aircraft with registration VT-AEF, as per the induction plan.
Key Points:
i. Vihaan.AI is Air India’s 5-year transformational roadmap with clear milestones.
ii. Along with standard classes, the Boeing aircraft leased from Delta Airlines contains a premium economy
class.
iii. Between December 2022 and March 2023, 5 Boeing 777-200LRs are most likely to enter the fleet.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

JAXA Uses Steam to Successfully Propel its Moon Spacecraft, EQUULEUS
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has successfully used steam (water) to propel its CubeSat
EQUilibriUm Lunar-Earth point 6U Spacecraft (EQUULEUS), that was launched as one of the payloads
aboard National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)’s Orion spacecraft.

• This is the world’s first successful orbit control beyond low-earth orbit (LEO) using a steam
(water) propellant propulsion system.
Key highlights:
i.The EQUULEUS has been placed in its planned orbit towards the second Earth-Moon Lagrange point
(EML2), a position that is situated beyond the Moon.

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 • Lagrangian points are positions in space where gravity and centrifugal force balance each other
and this balance of gravitational force allows the spacecraft to remain in place.
ii.EQUULEUS would reach the Lagrange point EML2 in approximately 1.5 years.
Significance:
i.EQUULEUS was developed to demonstrate low-energy trajectory control technologies to reach EML2 and
to study some of the phenomena caused by electromagnetic disturbances in the solar wind and measure
the plasma in the Earth-Moon system.
ii.The spacecraft will also observe Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) including asteroids, comets, mini-moons and
lunar impact flashes.
Features:
i.The spacecraft uses waste heat from a communications kit to heat the water into steam that is squirted
out to produce thrust.
• It used an engine named AQUARIUS (AQUA ResIstojet propUlsion System) that uses water as
fuel and requires only less power to operate but it is not very powerful.
ii.It is equipped with an ultra-high-speed camera, a dust sensor and an ultraviolet telescope
iii.It also carries an instrument named DELPHINUS (DEtection camera for Lunar impact PHenomena IN 6U
Spacecraft) that is designed to observe Lunar impact flashes and near-Earth asteroids from EML2 along
with another instrument to observe Earth’s plasmasphere.

SPORTS
Meltwater Champions Chess Tour 2022: Magnus Carlsen Wins finals defeating Jan-Krzysztof
Duda
On 20th November 2022, World Champion Magnus Carlsen of Norway defeated Poland’s Jan-Krzysztof
Duda in the Meltwater Champions Chess Tour (MCCT) finals 2022 held at the SHACK15 venue in San
Francisco, United States of America(USA).

• MCCT 2022 is a series of 9 online chess tournaments that started on 19th February 2022 and
ended on 20th Novmber 2022.
MCCT 2022 Prize:
• The total prize fund of MCCT 2022 is USD 1.6 million.
• The total prize fund for the MCCT 2022 finals is USD 210,000. Each win in the round-robin
event was worth USD 7,500.
Highlights of MCCT 2022 finals:
i.In the MCCT 2022 finals, Magnus Carlsen secured first place with a round to spare. He finished the
tournament with a 7th staring win.
ii.Filipino-born American chess player Wesley So, who lost to Anish Giri, remained in second place,
followed by Le Quang Liem of Vietnam in 3rd and Jan-Krzysztof Duda on 4th place.

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iii.Indian Grandmaster Rameshbabu Praggnanandhaa(R Praggnanandhaa) defeated compatriot Arjun
Erigaisi in the 7th & final round of the tour to finish 5th in the final standing.
MCCT 2022 Finals standing & Prize money:
Rank Name Earning(USD)
1 Magnus Carlsen 50000
2 Wesley So 32500
3 Liem Le 27500
4 Jan-Krzysztof Duda 25000
5 R Praggnanandhaa 22500
Key Points:
i.Magnus Carlsen tops the overall tour standing having won five of the nine events
conducted as a part of the 2022 tour. Jan-Krzysztof Duda finished 2nd winning 2 events during the tour.
ii.Magnus Carlsen has earned USD 242,400 in total Tour earnings while Jan-Krzysztof Duda has won USD
162500 for 2nd place.
2022 Tour Standing:
Rank Name Earning(USD)
1 Magnus Carlsen 242500
2 Jan-Krzysztof Duda 162500
3 R Praggnanandhaa 129000
4 Liem Le 123000
5 Anish Giri 91750
Winners of the MCCT 2022(event wise):
Airthings Masters Magnus Carlsen Ian Nepomniachtchi
Charity Cup Magnus Carlsen Jan-Krzysztof Duda
Oslo Esports Cup Jan-Krzysztof Duda Liem Le
Chessable Masters Ding Liren R Praggnanandhaa
FTX Road to Miami Levon Aronian Wei Yi
FTX Crypto Cup Magnus Carlsen R Praggnanandhaa
Julius Baer Generation Cup Magnus Carlsen Arjun Erigaisi
Aimchess Rapid Jan-Krzysztof Duda Shakhriyar Mamedyarov
Meltwater Champions Chess Tour Finals Magnus Carlsen Jan-Krzysztof Duda

OBITUARY
Former President of China Jiang Zemin Passed Away
On 30th November 2022,Jiang Zemin, former President of China who presided over more than a decade of
economic growth after the 1989 Tiananmen crackdown against pro-democracy protester, passed away at
the age of 96 in Shanghai, China.
• He died from leukemia and multiple organ failure.
About Jiang Zemin:
i. Jiang Zemin was born in 1926 in Yangzhou, Jiangsu province, China.

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ii. After the 1989 Tiananmen crackdown, Jiang Zemin governed the Communist Party’s divisions while
leading China through history-making changes.
• Market-oriented reforms were revived, Hong Kong gained independence from the British in
1997, and Beijing joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001.
• He helped pulling in foreign investment after China joined the WTO.
iii. Jiang Zemin served as the head of the Communist Party from 1989 to 2002. He served as the President
of China from 1993 to 2003.
iv.He has also served as the chairman of the Central Military Commission from 1989 to 2004.
• In 2002 Jiang Zemin resigned as general secretary of the CCP and the following year stepped
down as president after serving the maximum two 5-year terms; Hu Jintao succeeded him in
both positions.
• Jiang Zemin remained in charge of the Central Military Commission until stepping down in
favour of Hu Jintao in 2004.

Toyota Kirloskar Motor Vice Chairperson Vikram Kirloskar Passed Away

On 30th November 2022, Vikram S Kirloskar, Vice Chairperson of Toyota Kirloskar Motor passed away at
the age of 64 in Bengaluru, Karnataka.
• Vikram Kirloskar, a fourth-generation member of the Kirloskar Group, which was founded in
1888, served as Vice Chairman of Toyota Kirloskar Motor (since 1998) and Chairman and
Managing Director (MD) of Kirloskar Systems Ltd.
• He played an important role in bringing Japan’s Toyota Motor Corp to India in the late 1990s.
He was President of Confederation of Indian Industry during 2019-2020 and was currently the Chairman
of the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) Manufacturing Council, CII Trade Fair’s council and Chairman
Hydrogen Task force.

IMPORTANT DAYS
Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare 2022 – November 30
United Nations (UN)’s Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare is annually observed
across the globe on November 30 to pay tribute to the the victims who lost their lives or suffered due to
chemical warfare.

The day also reaffirms Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)’s dedication to the
cause and aims to achieve the goals of peace, security, and multilateralism.
• The day aims to encourage efforts for eliminating the use of chemical weapons.

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Background:
i. The 10th session of the Conference of the States Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention held in
2005 endrosed the proposal to declared April 29 of every year as the Day of Remembrance for All Victims
of Chemical Warfare.
• 29th April marks the date in 1997 on which the Chemical Weapons Convention came into force.
ii. Since 2005, the UN has officially recognised and observed the Day of Remembrance for all victims of
chemical warfare, following the suggestion by Rogelio Pfirter, Director-General of OPCW.
iii. The Conference of the States Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention, at its 20th session
(2015), proposed the establaihsment of OPCW day and decided that
• the 29th April of every year as the International Day for the Foundation of the Organisation for
the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (“OPCW Day”)
• The Day of Remembrance for all victims of chemical warfare will be held on 30th November
each year or, when appropriate, on the first day of the regular session of the Conference.
• Note: These arrangement commenced with effect from 2016.
iv. The 1st Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare was observed on 30th November
2016.
About Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC):
i. The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), is a multilateral treaty that bans chemical weapons and
requires their destruction within a specified period of time.
• It is comprised of a Preamble, 24 Articles, and 3 Annexes: the Annex on Chemicals, the
Verification Annex, and the Confidentiality Annex.
ii. It aims to eliminate an entire category of weapons of mass destruction by prohibiting the development,
production, acquisition, stockpiling, retention, transfer or use of chemical weapons by States Parties.
Elimination of Chemical Weapons:
To carry out the goals and objectives of the Chemical Weapons Convention, the States Parties to the
Chemical Weapons Convention formed the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW).
Agenda for Disarmament and Chemical Weapons:
In 2018, UN Secretary-General António Guterres launched Securing our Common Future: An Agenda for
Disarmament.
• It outlines a vision of disarmament initiatives that help put the world on a path toward
sustainable peace and security for all.
About the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW):
i. Currently, the OPCW Member States account for over 98% of the world’s population, landmass, and
chemical industry.
ii. In 2013, the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the OPCW “for its extensive efforts to eliminate chemical
weapons”.
Director-General- Fernando Arias
Members of Executive Council- 41 Member States
Headquarters- The Hague, Netherlands

National Organ Donation Day 2022 – November 27

The National Organ Donation Day is annually observed across India on 27th November to promote organ
donation and to recognise the contribution of organ donors
The day aims to create awareness about the importance of organ donation in saving the lives of people
suffering from terminal and irreversible organ failure.
• 27th November 2022 marks the observance of the 13th National Organ Donation Day.
Note: World Organ Donation Day is annually observed across the globe on 13th August.

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 • The observance of National Organ Donation Day is led by the National Organ and Tissue
Transplant Organization (NOTTO), a National level organization under the Directorate General
of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare(MoHFW).
Organ Donation:
Organ donation is the process of surgically removing an organ or tissue from one person (organ donor)
and placing it into another person(recipient), with end-stage organ disease and who needs a transplant.
Transplantation of Human Organs Act:
i.The Transplantation of Human Organs Act (THOA), 1994 was enacted in 1994 and has been adopted in
all States except the erstwhile State of Jammu & Kashmir(J&K) and Andhra Pradesh.
ii.The Act was amended in 2011 and the Transplantation of Human Organs (Amendment) Act 2011,
named Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act (THOTA), 1994, came into force in 2014.
iii.Under the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act (THOTA Act), Any commercial dealing of
organs shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than 5 years extended
upto 10 years, liable to fine, not less than Rs 20 lakh extended to Rs 1 crore.

International Jaguar Day 2022 – November 29

International Jaguar Day is annually observed across the globe on November 29 to raise awareness
about the increasing threats faced by the Jaguars (Panthera onca) and the vital conservation efforts being
made from Mexico to Argentina to ensure their survival.
The day celebrates Jaguars, the Americas’ largest wild cat as,
• an umbrella species for biodiversity conservation
• an icon for sustainable development
• the centuries-old cultural heritage of Central and South America.
Background:
i. International Jaguar Day was initiated by Alan Rabinowitz, co-founder and former Chief Executive
Officer (CEO) and Chief Scientist for Panthera, the global wild cat conservation organization.
ii. In March 2018 at UN Headquarters, representatives from 14 countries in the range gathered for the
Jaguar 2030 Forum, which resulted in the Jaguar 2030 statement.
• On the same occasion, Jaguar Day was proposed and declared November 29 of every years as
International Jaguar Day.
About Jaguar (Panthera onca):
i. The Jaguar (Panthera onca) is the 3rd largest cat species (weigh over 300 pounds) in the world, after
Lion and Tiger. It is the only living member of the genus Panthera native to the Americas and an important
species of Amazon Rainforest.
ii. The name ‘Jaguar’ originates from the Tupi and Guarani languages of South America from the word
yaguareté, meaning “true, fierce beast and he who kills in one leap.”
iii. Jaguars are often mistaken for Leopards(Panthera pardus), but can be differentiated by their to the
spots within the rosettes on their coats. They often live near water and are good swimmers.
iv. Jaguar range countries: Only around 50% of the world’s jaguars are found in Brazil; the other half are
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spread over the other 8 nations that share the Amazon rainforest: Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia,
Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, and French Guiana’s overseas territory.
v. Status: The jaguar is listed as “Near Threatened” on the International Union for the Conservation of
Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, though its status is in review and may be elevated to
“Vulnerable” in the next year.
International Jaguar Day in India:
On 29th November 2022, the National Zoological Park, New Delhi (Delhi), celebrated the International
Jaguar Day and organised activities like Zoo Walk and Expert talk on ‘Big Cats and Jaguars’.
• The activities were attended by students from Little Star Public School (Delhi).

STATE NEWS
Meghalaya Cabinet approves Mental Health and Social Care Policy
On 29th November 2022, Meghalaya Cabinet, chaired by Chief Minister Conrad Kongkal Sangma, approved
the “Meghalaya Mental Health and Social Care Policy“ to address the issues of mental health and social
care through collaborative engagement with communities.
• With this Meghalaya became the 3rd state in India to have a comprehensive mental health
policy. (Kerala and Karnataka are the other 2 states with such policy).
• On 10th October 2022 (World Mental Health Day), Meghalaya announced the first-
ever draft state mental health and social care policy.

❖ List of Current Governors in India – AUGUST 2022

❖ List of Current Chief Ministers in India – August 2022
❖ List of Less Important News – Click Here
❖ Click Here View – AC Excluded News
❖ Affairscloud’s Self Analysis for General Awareness Section

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