1

PHYSICS YEAR 10 END TERM

1 A skydiver jumps from an aircraft.

(a) The mass of the skydiver is 70 kg.

(i) State the equation linking weight, mass and g. (1)

(ii) Calculate the weight of the skydiver and state the unit.
(2)

weight = ...... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ...... . unit ...... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ...... .

(b) Thegraphshowstheverticalvelocityoftheskydiverduringthefirst40softhefall.
His parachute is not open during this time.

Vertical
velocity

0–
0 10 20 30 40
Time in s

Explain the shape of the graph.

(4)

.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. ... . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..

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 PHYSICS YEAR 10 END TERM
2 .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. ... . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..

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3 END TERM PHYSICS EXAMS

(c) The diagram shows the skydiver falling at a constant velocity.

Add two labelled arrows to the diagram to represent the forces acting on the skydiver.
(3)

(d) The skydiver opens his parachute after 40 s.

Continuethelineonthegraphtoshowhowtheskydiver’sverticalvelocitychanges
and reaches terminal velocity.
(2)

Vertical
velocity

0–
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Time in s

(Total for Question 1 = 12 marks)

4 END TERM PHYSICS EXAMS

2. B.(i) State the equation linking pressure difference, depth, density and g.
(1)

(ii) Calculate the increase in pressure when the diver descends from the surface
to a depth of 11 m.
(2)

increase in pressure =..........................kPa

(iii) Calculatethetotalpressureonthediveratadepthof11m.
Assume that the atmospheric pressure remains at 101 kPa.
(1)

total pressure =..........................kPa

(c) Asthediverbreathesout,bubblesofgasarereleasedandrisetothesurface.
The bubbles increase in volume as they rise.
Explain this increase in volume.
(2)

.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .

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(Total for Question 1 = 9 marks)

5 END TERM PHYSICS EXAMS

3 The diagram shows some gas particles in a container.

The piston can be moved in or out to change the volume of the gas.
moveable
piston

(a) Add arrows to the diagram to show the random motion of the gas particles.
(2)
(b) Explainhowthemotion ofthegas particles producesapressure inside the
container.
(3)

.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .

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(c) State what would happen to the pressure if you pushed the piston into the
container without changing the temperature.
(1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

6 END TERM PHYSICS EXAMS

(d) Whenthegasinthecontainerisheated,thepistonmovesoutwards.

Place ticks (✓) against the three correct statements.

(3)

Statement Tick (✓)

the gas particles get bigger

the mass of the gas particles stays the same

the gas particles move faster

the average distance between the gas

particles increases

the temperature of the gas decreases

(Total for Question 2 = 9 marks)

7 END TERM PHYSICS EXAMS

4 The photograph shows a type of rollercoaster.

The car is launched from point A in the photograph, accelerates to point B and then rises
over point C.

(a) Each loaded car has a mass of 2000 kg.

C is 128 m above B.
(i) State the equation linking gravitational potential energy, mass, height and
gravitational field strength.
(1)

(ii) Show that the gravitational potential energy gained by the car when it rises from
B to C is about 2.6 MJ.
(2)
8 END TERM PHYSICS EXAMS

(b) The car gains kinetic energy when work is done on it by the launching system
between A and B.

Assume there are no energy losses.

(i) State the minimum kinetic energy that the car must have at B for it to reach C.
(1)

................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

(ii) How is the kinetic energy gained related to the work done?
(1)

................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

(iii) Write down the equation linking work done, force and distance.
(1)

(iv) The launching system provides a force of 32 kN.

Calculate the minimum length of track needed between A and B for the car to reach C.
(2)

Length of track =................................ m

(c) Sometimes the car does not reach C, but rolls backwards to the start.

This can happen when it becomes windy or the track becomes wet.

Explain why these conditions could cause the car to stop before it reaches C.
(2)

............. ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ...........

............. ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ...........

............. ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ...........

............. ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ...........

(Total for Question 6 = 10 marks)

9 END TERM PHYSICS EXAMS

5The diagram shows some electrical appliances.

A B C D

(a) (i) Whichapplianceisdesignedtotransferelectricalenergytothermalenergy?

(1)

A food mixer
B kettle
C lamp
D radio

(ii) Which appliance is designed to transfer electrical energy to kinetic energy?

(1)
A food mixer
B kettle
C lamp
D radio

(b) In all the appliances, energy is conserved.

What is meant by the phrase energy is conserved?
(1)

... . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .

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10 END TERM PHYSICS EXAMS

(c) (i) The lamp has an efficiency of 20%.

Explain what this means.
(2)

.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. ... . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..

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(ii) Draw a labelled Sankey diagram for the lamp.

(3)

(Total for Question 4 = 8 marks)

11 END TERM PHYSICS EXAMS

(c) In 1971, astronaut Alan Shepard hit a golf ball on the surface of the Moon.

The golf ball had a mass of 50 g and he transferred 56 J of energy to it.

(i) State the equation linking kinetic energy, mass and velocity.
(1)

(ii) Calculate the initial velocity of the ball.

(3)

initial velocity =...................................... m/s

12 END TERM PHYSICS EXAMS

(d) Atitshighestpointtheballhadgained12Jofgravitationalpotentialenergy.
(i) State the kinetic energy of the ball at its highest point.
(1)

kinetic energy =......................................J

(ii) Statetheequationlinkinggravitationalpotentialenergy,mass,gandheight.
(1)

(iii) Calculatethemaximumheightthattheballreached.
(gravitationalfieldstrengthontheMoon,g=1.6N/kg)
(2)

maximum height =...................................... m

(e) Suggest why the ball travelled further on the Moon than it would have done on Earth.
(2)

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(Total for Question 6 = 15 marks)

13

6 A driver of a car sees an obstruction in the road ahead and must stop the car.
(d) (i) State the formula linking average speed, distance travelled and time taken.
(1)

(ii) A car travels at 21 m / s.

The driver’s reaction time is 0.14 seconds.
Calculate the distance travelled by the car during the driver’s reaction time.
(2)

distance =....................................... m
(e) The car experiences a braking force of 7600 N.
The car has a mass of 1200 kg.
(i) State the formula linking force, mass and acceleration.
(1)

(ii) Calculate the acceleration of the car.

(2)

acceleration=...................................... m/s2
14 14

*P70705A0143
6*
15

(iii) Calculate the braking distance travelled as the speed of the car is reduced
from 21 m / s to 0 m / s.
(3)

distance =....................................... m

(Total for Question 5 = 9 marks)

15
16
End term physics Exams
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%) ºC %) '%82e3

! CK K60$

K K6 $

$K 26CK

K 26BK

2KK 26%K
17
End term physics Exams
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4)5 D;aG a &;a3' A1 <'1G '1G A'e F1,D-e 1# &a< Fa;)e< G)A' Ae-3e;aAD;e6
.9/

,0! !

F1,D-e
)/ ,)A;e<

,0@!

@0!!
!

!
!BKK !CKK !2KK K 2KK
Ae-3e;aAD;e )/ °C

4))5 C);c,e A'e a/1-a,1D< 31)/A 1/ I1D; &;a3'6

.,/

4)))5 U<e I1D; &;a3' A1 #)/d A'e Ae-3e;aAD;e 1# A'e &a< G'e/ )A< F1,D-e )< Je;16
.,/

Ae-3e;aAD;e " 66 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 °C

.T+8a' +2 Q;e38%+) 1 = 4 (a2&3/

18

10(a) A person throws an object vertically upwards.

Thespeed-time graph shows howthespeed of theobject variesfrom thetimeit
is thrown until reaching its maximum height.

5.0

4.0

3.0
Speed
in m/s
2.0

1.0

0.0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Time in seconds

(i) Calculate the acceleration of the object.

(3)

acceleration=...................................... m/s2
(ii) Calculate the distance the object travels to reach its maximum height.
(3)

distance =....................................... m
17
Turnover
19

11 Scientific balloons are tested in a laboratory before they are used.

(a) Inthefirsttestthepressureoftheairinsidetheballoonis120kPa.
The balloon is sealed and has a volume of 92 m3.
(i) Thepressure of the air inside the balloon is reduced to 64kPaby reducingthe
external air pressure.
Calculate the new volume of the balloon.
(2)

volume =....................................... m3
(ii) Giveanassumptionthatismadeinthecalculation.
(1)
32
............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................
20
21

(b) Thepressureoftheairintheballoonisreturnedto120kPa.
The temperature of the air inside the balloon is 290K.
Theballoonistestedagain,changingthetemperatureoftheairandkeepingthe
volume of the balloon constant.
(i) Explainwhythe pressureof theairin theballoon decreaseswhenthe
temperature of the air decreases.
(3)

.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..

.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..

.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..

.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..

.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..

.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..

.. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..

(ii) Calculate the temperature of the air when the pressure of the air in the
balloon is 64 kPa.
Give your answer in kelvin.
(3)

temperature =...................................... K

(Total for Question 11 = 9 marks)

33
22 Turnover