TIA Aerodrome Manual 2021 July

TIA Aerodrome Manual
Tribhuvan International Airport
Aerodrome Manual
Tribhuvan International Airport

Civil Aviation Office
Gauchar, Katmandu
9th Edition
2021
REVISION HISTORY&AMENDMENT RECORD FORM

Note: The Revision History shows details of the most recent version first, followed by information
about previous versions.
S.N Date Part / Edition Details

Section
1 November 2003 All Aerodrome Manual of TIA, First Edition, 2003

2 November 2008 All Aerodrome Manual of TIA, Second Edition, 2008
3 June 2010 All Aerodrome Manual of TIA, Third Edition, 2010
4 May 2011 All Aerodrome Manual of TIA, Fourth Edition, 2011
5 June2013 All Aerodrome Manual of TIA, Fifth Edition, 2013
6 April 2014 All Aerodrome Manual of TIA, Sixth Edition, 2014
7 March 2016 All Aerodrome Manual of TIA, Seventh Edition, 2016
8 March 2018 All TIA Aerodrome Manual Revised Seventh Edition 2018
9 March 2019 All TIA Aerodrome Manual, Eighth Edition 2019
10 June 2021 All TIA Aerodrome Manual, Ninth Edition 2021
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page ii

FOREWORD
This Aerodrome Manual has been prepared in part to satisfy obligations imposed on an aerodrome
operator under the Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal, Airport Certificate Regulation 2061 (2004)
amended in 2016, and is to be regarded as the Aerodrome Manual for the Tribhuvan International
Airport.
It also contains details of essential aerodrome operating procedures that may not be entirely safety
related, but nevertheless are required to satisfy other legal and operational requirements and
common legal obligations.
The Manual incorporates the documents as shown in the Annexes and these will continue to be
amended and published separately and should be read in conjunction with it.
The Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal requires the Aerodrome Operator to operate and maintain
TribhuvanInternationalAirport in accordance with the procedures set out in the Aerodrome
Manual. Therefore, all staff involved in the aerodrome operation, maintenance and management
shall abide by the procedures contained in this manual.Staffs acting in accordance with the
procedures are largely indemnified against personal liability claims,should their actions for some
reason endanger the safety of aircraft operations.
It is essential that the procedures documented in this manual are an accurate reflection of current
practices. If staffs become aware of a divergence from these procedures, or if compliance with
these procedures is impossible or impracticable for any reason, they must advise their supervisor
or the Aerodrome Safety Manager immediately.Additionally, staffs are encouraged to query these
procedures if the intended results can be achieved in a safer, more cost effective, efficient or
reliable manner.
To avoid unnecessary duplication, most procedures make reference to other technical manuals and
publications. Each department/division chiefs should ensure that they have a copy of each relevant
publication available for their staffs that are responsible for implementing a procedure.
Pratap Babu Tiwari

General Manager
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page iii

MASTER CONTACT LIST
This list must include at least all people involved with operational aspects of the aerodrome such as
GENERAL MANAGER
Mr. Pratap Babu Tiwari Work Hour: 10:00 to 5:00 Email: papatiwari@hotmail.com
After Hour:
AERODROME OPERATION DIRECTOR
Mr. Suresh Pd. Khanal Work Hour: 10:00 to 5:00 Email: suresh447@hotmail.com
After Hour:
FLIGHT OPERATIONDIRECTOR
Mr. Rinji Sherpa Work Hour: 10:00 to 5:00 Email: rinji.sherpa@caanepal.gov.np

After Hour:
TECHNICAL SERVICE DIRECTOR
Mr. Hans Raj Pandey Work Hour: 10:00 to 5:00 Email: hrpandey@gmail.com
After Hour:
SAFETY MANAGER/MANUAL CONTROLLER
Mr. Shyam Kishor Sah Work Hour: 10:00 to 5:00 Email: atcshyam@gmail.com
After Hour:
NOTAM OFFICE
Mr. Mohamad Ali Hasan Work Hour: 10:00 to 5:00 Email: notam_tia@gmail.com
After Hour:
ELECTRO-MECHANICAL
Mr. Sanjay Kumar Chaudhary Work Hour: 10:00 to 5:00 Email: skc.caan@gmail.com
After Hour:
SEARCH AND RESCUE (SAR)
Mr. Work Hour: 10:00 to 5:00 Email:

After Hour:
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page iv

AERODROME CERTIFICATION COPY
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page v

AERODROME MANUAL APPROVAL LETTER
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DEFINITIONS
When the following terms are used in this Manual they have the following meanings:
Accuracy.A degree of conformance between the estimated or measured value and the true value.
Note: For measured positional data, the accuracy is normally expressed in terms of a distance
from a stated position within which there is a defined confidence of the true position
falling.
Aerodrome.A defined area on land or water (including any buildings, installations and equipment)
intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of
aircraft.
Aerodrome Beacon.Aeronautical beacon used to indicate the location of an aerodrome from the
air.
Aerodrome Certificate.Acertificate issued by the appropriate authority under applicable
regulations for the operation of an aerodrome.
Aerodrome Elevation.The elevation of the highest point of the landing area.
Aerodrome Identification Sign.A sign placed on an aerodrome to aid in identifying the aerodrome
from the air.
Aerodrome Reference Point.The designated geographical location of an aerodrome.
Aerodrome Safety Manager. Aerodrome Safety Manager means a person with specific
responsibilities under this manual.
Aerodrome Traffic Density.
a. Light. Where the number of movements in the mean busy hour is not greater than 15 per
runway or typically less than 20 total aerodrome movements.
b. Medium. Where the number of movements in the mean busy hour is of the order of 16 to 25
per runway or typically between 20 to 35 total aerodrome movements.
c. Heavy. Where the number of movements in the mean busy hour is of the order of 26 or more
per runway or typically more than 35 total aerodrome movements.
Note 1: The number of movements in the mean busy hour is the arithmetic mean over the year of
the number of movements in the daily busiest hour.
Note 2: Either a take-off or a landing constitutes a movement.
Aeronautical Beacon. An aeronautical ground light visible at all azimuths, either continuously or
intermittently, to designate a particular point on the surface of the earth.
Aeronautical Ground Light. Any light specially provided as an aid to air navigation, other than a
light displayed on an aircraft.
AeroplaneReference Field Length. The minimum field length required for take-off at maximum
certificated take-off mass, sea level, standard atmospheric conditions, still air and zero runway
slope, as shown in the appropriate aeroplane flight manual prescribed by the certificating authority
or equivalent data from the aeroplane manufacturer. Field length means balanced field length for
aeroplane, if applicable, or take-off distance in other cases.
Note: Attachment A, Section 2 of ICAO Annex 14, Volume I Aerodrome Design and Operations
or Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes, CAR-14, Part-I provides information on
the concept of balanced field length and the Airworthiness Manual (Doc 9760) contains
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detailed guidance on matters related to take-off distance.

Aircraft Classification Number (ACN). A number expressing the relative effect of an aircraft on a
pavement for a specified standard sub-grade category.
Note: The aircraft classification number is calculated with respect to the center of gravity (CG)
position which yields the critical loading on the critical gear. Normally the aircraft most
CG position appropriate to the maximum gross apron (ramp) mass is used to calculate the
ACN. In exceptional cases the forward most CG position may result in the nose gear
loading being more critical.
Aircraft Stand. A designated area on an apron intended to be used for parking an aircraft.
Apron. A defined area, on a land aerodrome, intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of
loading or unloading passengers, mail or cargo, fuelling, parking or maintenance.
Apron Management Service. A service provided to regulate the activities and the movement of
aircraft and vehicles on an apron.
Authority.The Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal.
Balked Landing.A landing maneuver that is unexpectedly discontinued at any point below the
obstacle clearance altitude/height (OCA/H).
Barrette. Three or more aeronautical ground lights closely spaced in a transverse line so that from
a distance they appear as a short bar of light.
Calendar.Discrete temporal reference system that provides the basis for defining temporal
position to a resolution of one day (ISO 19108).
Capacitor Discharge Light. A lamp in which high-intensity flashes of extremely short duration
are produced by the discharge of electricity at high voltage through a gas enclosed in a tube.
Certified Aerodrome.An aerodrome whose operator has been granted an aerodrome certificate.
Change Management. The capabilities and support required by an Organisation constantly
evolving in response to the changing requirements of interested parties, a dynamic business
environment and the process of continual improvement. Change may also require that there be
associated cultural and behavioral adjustments within an Organisation. Where these are necessary
they will take time and resources and must be led by management.
Clearway. A defined rectangular area on the ground or water under the control of the appropriate
authority selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aeroplane may make a portion of its
initial climb to a specified height.
Consigned Freight.Means cargo that is unaccompanied, therefore requiring it to be associated
with appropriate documentation. Consigned freight is required to be formally accepted by an
operator.
Critical SafetyInformation. Is the type of information that staff and management need to be aware
of, in order to do their job. Typically, this would include information like a change to
anorganization procedure required as part of a safety risk treatment option
Cyclic Redundancy Checks (CRC). A mathematical algorithm applied to the digital expression of
data that provides a level of assurance against loss or alteration of data.
Data quality.A degree or level of confidence that the data provided meet the requirements of the
data user in terms of accuracy, resolution and integrity.
Datum.Any quantity or set of quantities that may serve as a reference or basis for the calculation
of other quantities (ISO 19104).
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De-icing/anti-icing Facility. A facility where frost, ice or snow is removed (de-icing) from the
aeroplane to provide clean surfaces, and/or where clean surfaces of the aeroplane receive
protection (anti-icing) against the formation of frost or ice and accumulation of snow or slush for a
limited period of time.
Note: Further guidance is given in the Manual of Aircraft Ground De-icing/Anti-icing
Operations (Doc 9640).
De-icing/anti-icing Pad.An area comprising an inner area for the parking of an aeroplane to
receive de-icing/anti-icing treatment and an outer area for the maneuvering of two or more mobile
de-icing/anti-icing equipment.
Declared distances.
a. Take-off run available (TORA). The length of runway declared available and suitable for
the ground run of an aeroplane taking off.
b. Take-off distance available (TODA). The length of the take-off run available plus the length
of the clearway, if provided.
c. Accelerate-stop distance available (ASDA). The length of the take-off run available plus the
length of the stop way, if provided.
d. Landing distance available (LDA). The length of runway which is declared available and
suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane landing.
Defenses. Are actions or elements of a design put in place to reduce the likelihood or consequence
of an event. Risk treatment will normally involve the introduction or enhancement of defenses
against a specific negative outcome.
Deficiency.The result of lacking something essential; imperfect; defective. Such as hazards
allowed to exist within a system result in a System Deficiency.
Dependent Parallel Approaches. Simultaneous approaches to parallel or near-parallel instrument
runways where radar separation minima between aircraft on adjacent extended runway centre lines
are prescribed.
Displaced Threshold.A threshold not located at the extremity of a runway.
Effective Intensity.The effective intensity of a flashing light is equal to the intensity of a fixed
light of the same colour which will produce the same visual range under identical conditions of
observation.
Ellipsoid Height (Geodetic Height).The height related to the reference ellipsoid, measured along
the ellipsoidal outer normal through the point in question.
Event.An incident or situation which occurs in a particular place during a particular interval of
time. For the purpose of this manual, an incident or accident occurring at an aerodrome is
regarded as an event.
Facility.Facility means premises being used, or to be used, for the operation of an aircraft on the
aerodrome. These premises may be fixed or portable, and may include communication facilities.
Fixed Light.A light having constant luminous intensity when observed from a fixed point.
Frangible Object.An object of low mass designed to break, distort or yield on impact so as to
present the minimum hazard to aircraft.
Note: Guidance on design for frangibility is contained in theICAOAerodrome Design Manual,
Part 6 (in preparation).
Geodetic Datum.A minimum set of parameters required to define location and orientation of the
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local reference system with respect to the global reference system/frame.

Geoid.The equipotential surface in the gravity field of the Earth which coincides with the
undisturbed mean sea level (MSL) extended continuously through the continents.
Note: The geoid is irregular in shape because of local gravitational disturbances (wind tides,
salinity, current, etc.) and the direction of gravity is perpendicular to the geoid at every
point.
Geoid Undulation.The distance of the geoid above (positive) or below (negative) the
mathematical reference ellipsoid.
Note: In respect to the World Geodetic System — 1984 (WGS-84) defined ellipsoid, the
difference between the WGS84 ellipsoidal height and orthometric height represents WGS-
84 geoid undulation.
Gregorian Calendar. Calendar in general use; first introduced in 1582 to define a year that more
closely approximates the tropical year than the Julian calendar (ISO 19108).
Note: In the Gregorian calendar, common years have 365 days and leap years 366 days divided
into twelve sequential months.
Hazard.A source of potential harm or a situation with a potential to cause loss.
Hazard Assessment.An activity to determine whether or not a reported hazard is in fact a risk to
aerodrome safety in any way. The outcome of an assessment is to classify all reported hazards,
incidents and accidents as a risk of a certain magnitude. Assessment involves transitioning
reported hazards and events into risks so that they can be dealt with in a meaningful way.
Hazard Beacon.An aeronautical beacon used to designate a danger to air navigation.
Heliport.An aerodrome or a defined area on a structure intended to be used wholly or in part for
the arrival, departure and surface movement of helicopters.
Holding Bay.A defined area where aircraft can be held, or bypassed, to facilitate efficient surface
movement of aircraft.
Holdover Time.The estimated time the anti-icing fluid (treatment) will prevent the formation of
ice and frost and the accumulation of snow on the protected (treated) surfaces of an aeroplane.
Human Factors. Human Factors involves the study of the human's capabilities, limitations, and
behaviors and the integration of that knowledge into the design of systems to enhance the safety,
performance and the general well being of the operators of the systems.
Human Factors Principles.Principles which apply to aeronautical design, certification, training,
operations and maintenance and which seek safe interface between the human and other system
components by proper consideration to human performance.
Human Performance.Human capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the safety and
efficiency of aeronautical operations.
Identification Beacon.An aeronautical beacon emitting a coded signal by means of which a
particular point of reference can be identified.
Independent Parallel Approaches. Simultaneous approaches to parallel or near-parallel
instrument runways where radar separation minima between aircraft on adjacent extended runway
centre lines are not prescribed.
Independent Parallel Departures.Simultaneous departures from parallel or near-parallel
instrument runways.
Instrument Runway.One of the following types of runways intended for the operation of aircraft
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using instrument approach procedures:

a. Non-precision approach runway. An instrument runway served by visual aids and a non-
visual aid providing at least directional guidance adequate for a straight-in approach.
b. Precision approach runway, category I. An instrument runway served by ILS and/or MLS
and visual aids intended for operations with a decision height not lower than 60 m (200 ft)
and either a visibility not less than 800 m or a runway visual range not less than 550 m.
c. Precision approach runway, category II. An instrument runway served by ILS and/or MLS
and visual aidsintended for operations with a decision height lower than 60 m (200 ft) but not
lower than 30 m (100ft) and a runway visual range not less than 350 m.
d. Precision approach runway, category III. An instrument runway served by ILS and/or MLS
to and along the surface of the runway and:
A- intended for operations with a decision height lower than 30 m (100 ft), or no decision
height and a runway visual range not less than 200 m.
B- intended for operations with a decision height lower than 15 m (50 ft), or no decision
height and a runway visual range less than 200 m but not less than 50 m.
C- intended for operations with no decision height and no runway visual range limitations.
Note 1: See ICAO Annex 10, Volume I for related ILS and/or MLS specifications.
Note 2: Visual aids need not necessarily be matched to the scale of non-visual aids provided.
The criterion for the selection of visual aids is the conditions in which operations are
intended to be conducted.
Integrity (AeronauticalData). A degree of assurance that an aeronautical data and its value has not
been lost nor altered since the data origination or authorized amendment.
Intermediate Holding Position. A designated position intended for traffic control at which taxiing
aircraft and vehicles shall stop and hold until further cleared to proceed, when so instructed by the
aerodrome control tower.
Investigation. An activity to determine and assess any risks associated with an event using the
hazard assessment process.
Landing area. That part of a movement area intended for the landing or take-off of aircraft.
Landing Direction Indicator. A device to indicate visually the direction currently designated for
landing and for take-off.
Laser-beam Critical Flight Zone (LCFZ). Airspace in the proximity of an aerodrome but beyond
the LFFZ where the irradiance is restricted to a level unlikely to cause glare effects.
Laser-beam Free Flight Zone (LFFZ). Airspace in the immediate proximity to the aerodrome
where the irradiance is restricted to a level unlikely to cause any visual disruption.
Laser-beam Sensitive Flight Zone (LSFZ). Airspace outside, and not necessarily contiguous with,
the LFFZ and LCFZ where the irradiance is restricted to a level unlikely to cause flash-blindness
or after-image effects.
Legal Entity. Legal Entity means a person having legal personality (capable of enjoying and being
subject to legal rights and duties). A legal entity may be a natural person or a group of natural
persons, an incorporated company or association, a group of such companies or associations or a
body corporate or politic created by statute.
Lighting System Reliability. The probability that the complete installation operates within the
specified tolerances and that the system is operationally usable.
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Likelihood. Used as a qualitative description of probability or frequency.

Maneuvering Area. That part of an aerodrome to be used for the take-off, landing and taxiing of
aircraft, excluding aprons.
Marker. An object displayed above ground level in order to indicate an obstacle or delineate a
boundary.
Marking. A symbol or group of symbols displayed on the surface of the movement area in order
to convey aeronautical information.
Mitigation. The actions taken to control, reduce or remove a hazard or to reduce the probability or
the severity of a risk. The result of an action to make milder or less severe.
Monitor. To check, supervise, observe critically, or record the progress of an activity or system on
a regular basis in order to identify change.
Movement Area. That part of an aerodrome to be used for the take-off, landing and taxiing of
aircraft, consisting of the maneuvering area and the apron(s).
Near-parallel Runways. Non-intersecting runways whose extended centre lines have an angle of
convergence/ divergence of 15 degrees or less.
Non-critical Safety Information. Is the sort of safety information that staff and management only
need a general awareness of as part of their job.
Non-instrument Runway. A runway intended for the operation of aircraft using visual approach
procedures.
Normal Flight Zone (NFZ). Airspace not defined as LFFZ, LCFZ or LSFZ but which must be
protected from laser radiation capable of causing biological damage to the eye.
Obstacle. All fixed (whether temporary or permanent) and mobile objects, or parts thereof, that are
located on an area intended for the surface movement of aircraft or that extend above a defined
surface intended to protect aircraft in flight.
Obstacle Free Zone (OFZ). The airspace above the inner approach surface, inner transitional
surfaces, and balked landing surface and that portion of the strip bounded by these surfaces, which
is not penetrated by any fixed obstacle other than a low-mass and frangible mounted one required
for air navigation purposes.
Orthometric Height. Height of a point related to the geoid, generally presented as an MSL
elevation.
Pavement Classification Number (PCN). A number expressing the bearing strength of a
pavement for unrestricted operations.
Precision Approach Runway, see Instrument Runway.
Primary Runway(s). Runway(s) used in preference to others whenever conditions permit.
Probability. The likelihood of a specific outcome.
Protected Flight Zones. Airspace specifically designated to mitigate the hazardous effects of laser
radiation.
Risk. The chance of something happening that will have an impact upon objectives. It is measured
in terms of consequences and likelihood.
Risk Analysis. A systematic use of available information to determine how often specified events
may occur and the magnitude of their consequences.
Risk Assessment. The overall process of risk analysis and risk evaluation.
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Risk Evaluation. The process used to determine risk management priorities by comparing the
level of risk against predetermined standards, target risk levels or other criteria.
Risk Identification. The process of determining what can happen, why and how.
Risk Level. The level of risk calculated as a function of likelihood and consequence.
Risk Management. The culture, processes and structures that are directed towards the effective
management of potential opportunities and adverse effects.
Road. An established surface route on the movement area meant for the exclusive use of vehicles.
Road-holding Position. A designated position at which vehicles may be required to hold.
Runway. A defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing and take-off of
aircraft.
Runway End Safety Area (RESA). An area symmetrical about the extended runway centre line
and adjacent to the end of the strip primarily intended to reduce the risk of damage to an aeroplane
undershooting or overrunning the runway.
Runway Guard Lights. A light system intended to caution pilots or vehicle drivers that they are
about to enter an active runway.
Runway Holding Position. A designated position intended to protect a runway, an obstacle
limitation surface, or an ILS/ MLS critical/sensitive area at which taxiing aircraft and vehicles
shall stop and hold, unless otherwise authorized by the aerodrome control tower.
Runway Strip. A defined area including the runway and stop way, if provided, intended:
a. to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway; and
b. to protect aircraft flying over it during take-off or landing operations.
Runway Turn Pad. A defined area on a land aerodrome adjacent to a runway for the purpose of
completing a 180º turn on a runway.
RunwayVisualRange (RVR). The range over which the pilot of an aircraft on the centre line of a
runway can see the runway surface markings or the lights delineating the runway or identifying its
centre line.
Safety. A state in which the risk of harm to persons or property damage is reduced to, and
maintained at or below, an acceptable level through a continuing process of hazard identification
and risk management.
Safety Programme. An integrated set of regulations and activities aimed at improving safety.
Safety Management System. A systematic approach to managing safety including the necessary
organizational structure, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
Segregated Parallel Operations. Simultaneous operations on parallel or near-parallel instrument
runways in which one runway is used exclusively for approaches and the other runway is used
exclusively for departures.
Short Term Corrective Actions. Short term Corrective Actions are those which the Safety Officer
considers can be completed within 2 months of the receipt of report.
Shoulder. An area adjacent to the edge of a pavement so prepared as to provide a transition
between the pavement and the adjacent surface.
Sign.
a. Fixed message sign. A sign presenting only one message.
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b. Variable message sign. A sign capable of presenting several pre-determined messages or no

message, as applicable.
Signal Area. An area on an aerodrome used for the display of ground signals.
Snow (on the ground).
a. Dry snow. Snow which can be blown if loose or, if compacted by hand, will fall apart again
upon release; specific gravity: up to but not including 0.35.
b. Wet snow. Snow which, if compacted by hand, will stick together and tend to or form a
snowball; specific gravity: 0.35 up to but not including 0.5.
c. Compacted snow. Snow which has been compressed into a solid mass that resists further
compression and will hold together or break up into lumps if picked up; specific gravity: 0.5
and over.
Station Declination. An alignment variation between the zero degree radial of a VOR and true
north, determined at the time the VOR station is calibrated.
Stop Way. A defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take-off run available prepared
as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take off.
Switch-over Time (Light). The time required for the actual intensity of a light measured in a given
direction to fall from 50 per cent and recover to 50 per cent during a power supply changeover,
when the light is being operated at intensities of 25 per cent or above.
Take-off Runway. A runway intended for take-off only.
Taxiway. A defined path on a land aerodrome established for the taxiing of aircraft and intended to
provide a link between one part of the aerodrome and another, including:
a. Aircraft stand taxi lane. A portion of an apron designated as a taxiway and intended to
provide access to aircraft stands only.
b. Apron taxiway. A portion of a taxiway system located on an apron and intended to provide a
through taxi route across the apron.
c. Rapid exit taxiway.A taxiway connected to a runway at an acute angle and designed to allow
landing aeroplane to turn off at higher speeds than are achieved on other exit taxiways
thereby minimizing runway occupancy times.
Taxiway Intersection. A junction of two or more taxiways.
Taxiway Strip. An area including a taxiway intended to protect an aircraft operating on the
taxiway and to reduce the risk of damage to an aircraft accidentally running off the taxiway.
Threshold. The beginning of that portion of the runway usable for landing.
Touchdown Zone. The portion of a runway, beyond the threshold, where it is intended landing
aeroplane first contact the runway.
Usability Factor. The percentage of time during which the use of a runway or system of runways
is not restricted because of the cross-wind component.
Note: Cross-wind component means the surface wind component at right angles to the runway
centre line.
Works Safety Officer (WSO).Works Safety Officer means a person responsible for the safety of
works undertaken on an aerodrome.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
REVISION HISTORY & AMENDMENT RECORD FORM...........................................................ii
FOREWORD.....................................................................................................................................iii
MASTER CONTACT LIST..............................................................................................................iv
AERODROME CERTIFICATION COPY.........................................................................................v
AERODROME MANUAL APPROVAL LETTER..........................................................................vi
DEFINITIONS..................................................................................................................................vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS..................................................................................................................xv
SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS ANNEXES:....................................................................................xx
1. General.......................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Purpose and Scope of Aerodrome Manual…………………………………….1-
1
1.2 Legal Requirement………………………………………………………..…….1-1
1.3 Name and Address of Aerodrome………………………………………….…..1-1
1.4 Name and Address of the Certificate Holder………………………………….1-1
1.5 Conditions for Use of the Aerodrome………………………………………….1-2
1.6 Obligations of the Aerodrome Operator………………………………………1-2
1.7 Aeronautical information………………………………………………………1-2
1.8 Recording Aircraft Movements………………………………………………..1-2
1.9 Aerodrome Manual Control………………………………….………………..1-2
1.10 Aerodrome Manual Amendment Procedures……………………………...…1-3
1.11 Aerodrome Manual Amendment Awareness Records……………………….1-4
2. Aerodrome Site Details..........................................................................................................2-1
2.1 Plan Showing Main Aerodrome Facilities and Boundaries……………………2-
1
2.2 Location Map……………………………………………………………………..2-1
3. Aerodrome Data for AIS........................................................................................................3-1
3.1 General Information……………………………………………………………..3-1
3.1.1 Name of the Aerodrome:..............................................................................................3-1
3.1.2 Location of the Aerodrome:..........................................................................................3-1
3.1.3 Geographical Coordinates of the Aerodrome Reference Point:...................................3-1
3.1.4 Aerodrome Elevation :.................................................................................................3-1
3.1.5 Aerodrome Reference Code :.......................................................................................3-1
3.1.6 Magnetic Variation :....................................................................................................3-1
3.1.7 Geographical Co-ordinates and Elevations of Runway...............................................3-1
3.1.8 Aerodrome Reference Temperature :...........................................................................3-1
3.1.9 Aerodrome Beacons.....................................................................................................3-1
3.1.10 Name and address of the Aerodrome Operator........................................................3-2
3.2 Aerodrome Dimensions and Related Information……………………………..3-3
3.2.1 Runway and Stop way..................................................................................................3-3
3.2.2 Runway Strip and Runway End Safety Area...............................................................3-3
3.2.3 Taxiways......................................................................................................................3-3
3.2.4 Apron............................................................................................................................3-5
3.2.5 Clearways and Ground Profile...................................................................................3-10
3.2.6 Visual Aids for Navigation........................................................................................3-10
3.2.7 Taxiing Guidance and VOR Aerodrome Check Point Signs.....................................3-13
3.2.8 Standard Taxi Routes.................................................................................................3-13
3.2.9 Geographical Coordinates and the Top Elevation of Significant Obstacles..............3-26
3.2.10 Geographical Coordinates and Elevation of Taxiway Centerline..........................3-26
3.2.11 Preflight Altimeter Check Locations......................................................................3-28
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3.2.12 Runway Declared Distances...................................................................................3-28

3.2.13 Disabled Aircraft Removal Plan............................................................................3-28
3.2.14 Rescue and Fire Fighting Services.........................................................................3-28
3.2.15 Ground Handling....................................................................................................3-29
4. Aerodrome Operating Procedures and Safety Measures........................................................4-1
4.1 Aerodrome Reporting………………………………………………………….4.1-1
4.1.1 Purpose......................................................................................................................4.1-1
4.1.2 Responsibilities.........................................................................................................4.1-1
4.1.3 Legislation, Standards and Technical References.....................................................4.1-1
4.1.4 Reporting Procedures................................................................................................4.1-2
4.1.5 NOTAM....................................................................................................................4.1-2
4.1.6 AIP Changes to be promulgated by NOTAM...........................................................4.1-3
4.1.7 NOTAM Request Form.............................................................................................4.1-4
4.2 Access to the Aerodrome Movement Area……………………………………4.2-1
4.2.1 Purpose......................................................................................................................4.2-1
4.2.4 Access Controls.........................................................................................................4.2-2
4.2.5 Procedures for Entry to Restricted Areas..................................................................4.2-3
4.3 Aerodrome Emergency Plan…………………………………………………..4.3-1
4.3.1 Purpose......................................................................................................................4.3-1
4.3.4 Airport Emergency Exercises....................................................................................4.3-1
4.3.5 Airport Emergency Plan Review...............................................................................4.3-2
4.3.6 Standard Operating Procedures.................................................................................4.3-2
4.4 Rescue and Fire Fighting………………………………………………………4.4-1
4.4.1 Purpose......................................................................................................................4.4-1
4.4.4 RFF Category............................................................................................................4.4-2
4.4.5 Reduction of Category..............................................................................................4.4-2
4.4.6 Inventory...................................................................................................................4.4-2
4.4.7 Standard Operating Procedures-RFFS......................................................................4.4-2
4.4.8 Provision for difficult terrain environment...............................................................4.4-2
4.4.9 Training Requirements for Rescue and Fire Fighters...............................................4.4-3
4.5 Inspection of the Aerodrome Movement Area and Obstacle Limitation
Surfaces …………………………………………………………………………...4.5-1
4.5.1 Purpose......................................................................................................................4.5-1
4.5.4 Serviceability Inspections.........................................................................................4.5-2
4.5.5 Technical Inspections................................................................................................4.5-4
4.5.6 Serviceability/Technical Inspection Trigger List......................................................4.5-4
4.5.7 Annual Safety Inspection........................................................................................4.5-14
4.6 Visual Aids and Aerodrome Electrical Systems……………………………...4.6-1
4.6.1 Purpose......................................................................................................................4.6-1
4.6.4 Precautions against System Failure...........................................................................4.6-1
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xvi

4.6.5 Serviceability Inspections.........................................................................................4.6-2

4.6.6 Technical Inspections................................................................................................4.6-2
4.6.7 Inspection, Installation and Maintenance of VASI system.......................................4.6-2
4.6.8 Fault Reporting System.............................................................................................4.6-3
4.6.9 Inventory of Airfield Lighting Facilities...................................................................4.6-3
4.7 Maintenance of the Movement Area………………………………………….4.7-1
4.7.1 Purpose......................................................................................................................4.7-1
4.7.3 Legislation & Standards............................................................................................4.7-2
4.7.4 Inspections.................................................................................................................4.7-2
4.7.5 Procedures.................................................................................................................4.7-2
4.8 Aerodrome Works Safety……………………………………………………...4.8-1
4.8.1 Purpose......................................................................................................................4.8-1
4.8.4 Planning of Aerodrome Works.................................................................................4.8-2
4.8.5 Time Limited Works.................................................................................................4.8-2
4.8.6 Working Plan (WP)...................................................................................................4.8-3
4.8.7 Record of Construction/Maintenance Work.............................................................4.8-4
4.8.8 Letter to Commence Work (LTCOW)......................................................................4.8-4
4.8.9 Works Safety Officer (WSO)....................................................................................4.8-4
4.8.10 Isolation of Work Area..........................................................................................4.8-5
4.8.11 Marking and Identification of Vehicles and Plant................................................4.8-5
4.8.12 Conduct of Aerodrome Works..............................................................................4.8-5
4.8.13 Works Security Arrangements..............................................................................4.8-6
4.8.14 Working Plan Distribution....................................................................................4.8-6
4.8.15 Coordination with ATC.........................................................................................4.8-6
4.9 Apron Management……………………………………………………………4.9-1
4.9.1 Purpose......................................................................................................................4.9-1
4.9.4 Aircraft Parking Areas..............................................................................................4.9-2
4.9.5 Aircraft Stand Identification Sign (Bay Position Marker)........................................4.9-2
4.9.6 Procedures for Handling Oversize Aircraft...............................................................4.9-3
4.10 Apron Safety Management…………………………………………………...4.10-1
4.10.1 Purpose................................................................................................................4.10-1
4.10.2 Responsibilities...................................................................................................4.10-1
4.10.3 Legislation, Standards and Technical References...............................................4.10-1
4.10.4 Procedures...........................................................................................................4.10-1
4.11 Airside Vehicle Control……………………………………………………….4.11-1
4.11.1 Purpose................................................................................................................4.11-1
4.11.4 Application of Procedures...................................................................................4.11-2
4.11.5 Driving Testing Procedure..................................................................................4.11-2
4.11.6 Enforcement........................................................................................................4.11-2
4.12 Wildlife Hazard Management………………………………………………..4.12-1
4.12.1 Purpose................................................................................................................4.12-1
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xvii

4.12.4 Monitoring Bird Activity....................................................................................4.12-2

4.12.5 Bird Control.........................................................................................................4.12-2
4.12.6 Use of Firearms...................................................................................................4.12-5
4.12.7 Environmental Management...............................................................................4.12-5
4.12.8 Animal Hazards...................................................................................................4.12-5
4.13 Obstacle Control………………………………………………………………4.13-1
4.13.1 Purpose................................................................................................................4.13-1
4.13.4 Obstacle Monitoring............................................................................................4.13-2
4.13.5 Operational versus Design Surfaces....................................................................4.13-3
4.13.6 Procedure to Obtain Approval.............................................................................4.13-3
4.13.7 ICAO Type - A Chart..........................................................................................4.13-4
4.14 Removal of Disabled Aircraft………………………………………………...4.14-1
4.14.1 Purpose................................................................................................................4.14-1
4.14.4 Immediate Operational Considerations and Actions...........................................4.14-2
4.14.5 Aircraft Removal.................................................................................................4.14-3
4.15 Handling of Hazardous Materials……………………………………………4.15-
1
4.15.1 Purpose................................................................................................................4.15-1
4.15.4 CAAN Contact....................................................................................................4.15-2
4.15.5 Hazardous Materials Storage..............................................................................4.15-2
4.15.6 Handling Procedures...........................................................................................4.15-3
4.15.7 Operational Safety Policy for Transfer of Explosive Cargo...............................4.15-3
4.16 Low Visibility Operations…………………………………………………….4.16-1
4.17 Protection of Sites for Radar and Navigational Aids……………………….4.17-1
4.17.1 Purpose................................................................................................................4.17-1
4.17.4 Works Planning and Coordination......................................................................4.17-2
4.17.5 Maintenance Works affecting RADAR and Radio Navigation Aids..................4.17-2
4.17.6 Aerodrome Radar and Navigation Aids: Clearance and Locations....................4.17-3
4.18 REPOERTING OF RUNWAY SURFACE CONDITION…………………4.18-1
4.18.1 Purpose................................................................................................................4.18-1
4.18.2 Responsibility......................................................................................................4.18-1
4.18.4 Runway Surface Condition Reporting................................................................4.18-2
5. Aerodrome Administration....................................................................................................5-1
5.1 Organization Structure.................................................................................................5-1
5.2 Names, Roles and Contact Numbers of Person(s) Responsible...................................5-1
5.3 Airport Committees......................................................................................................5-1
6. Non – Standards Items and Exemptions................................................................................6-1
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xviii

6.1 Non-Standard Items……………………………………………………………6-1

6.2 Exemptions ……………………………………………………………………..6-1
Appendix –ADistribution List and Record of Copies of the Aerodrome Manual.App-1
Appendix – BReview of the Aerodrome Manual………………………………….App- 2
Appendix – COrganization Chart………………………………………………….App-3
Appendix –DList of Personnel Responsible and Contact Numbers……………...App-4
Appendix –EHeight of Obstruction Light…………………………………………App- 5
Appendix – FDaily Checklist of Aeronautical Ground Lights (AGL) Condition Report
……………………………………………………………………………….App-6
Appendix – GHunter Activities Form……………………………………………..App- 7
Appendix – HElectrical Fault Report (General Lighting)………………………..App- 8
Appendix – IElectrical Fault Report (Airfield Lighting)………………………...App- 9
Appendix – JGenerating Plant Log Book……………………………….……….App- 10
Appendix – KAirfield Lighting Spare Parts List………………………………...App- 11
Appendix – LLocation of Navigation Aids Outside of the TIA……………….. App-13
Appendix – MBird Control Coordination and Implementation Unit (TIA-BCCIU): 14
Appendix – NTIA Runway Safety Team……………….………………………..APP-15
Appendix – OSafety Review Board (SRB)…………………………………….....App-16
Appendix – PSafety Action Group (SAG)…………………………………..……App-17
Appendix – QObstruction Limitation Surface…………………………………...App- 18
Appendix – RPower Generation Status Book……………………………………App- 21
Appendix – SMAINTENANCE RECORD OF RESCUE AND FIREFIGHTING
VEHICLE ………………………………………………………………………App-22
Appendix – T DAILY CHECKLISTOF RESCUE AND FIREFIGHTING VEHICLE
……………………………………………………………………………... App-23
Appendix – U Checklist for Obstacles Monitoring and Reporting inside and outside
theaerodrome……………………………………………………………………….. App-24
Appendix – V Runway Surface Condition Reporting Form…………………… App-25
Abbreviations………………………………………………………………………..…Abb-1
List of Drawings
Fig: 2-1 Plan showing main aerodrome facilities and boundaries 2-2
Fig: 2-2 TIA location Plan 2-3
Fig: 3-1 Longitudinal Profile of Runway and Clearway 3-4
Fig: 3-2 Aircraft Parking Layout at International Apron 3-7
Fig: 3-3 Aircraft layout at Domestic Apron 3-8
Fig. 3 -3aRemote Aircraft Parking Bay 3-9
Fig: 3-4 Markings of Runway and Taxiway 3-15
Fig: 3-4a Runway North Side Turning Pad 3-16
Fig: 3-4b Runway South Side Turning Pad 3-17
Fig: 3-5 Airfield Lighting 3-18
Fig: 3-6 OLS 3-27
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xix

SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS ANNEXES:

Annex– 1: TIA Security Plan-2018
Annex– 2: TIA Emergency Plan-2019
Annex– 3:Manual of Removal of Disabled Aircraft (RODA)-2019
Annex– 4: TIA Civil /Electric Maintenance Manual -2019
Annex– 5: TIA Apron Safety Management Manual- 2019
Annex– 6: TIA ApronOperation Procedures-2019
Annex– 7: TIA Wildlife Hazard Control Manual-2018
Annex– 8: TIA wildlife Hazard Control Procedures-2018
Annex– 9:Standard Operating Procedures for Aerodrome Rescue and Fire Fighting
Service (SOP-RFFS)-2016
Annex– 10:Design of Aerodrome Obstacle Chart ICAO Type –A and Type B
Including Obstacle Limitation Surfaces Chart –2013
Annex-11:TIA Airside Driving Handbook-2018
Annex-12:CAR14 compliance checklist with respect to TIA-2018
Annex- 13:Safety Management System Manual Version 3.0-2019
Annex-14: TIA COVID-19 Crisis Management Procesures-2020
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xx

1. General
1.1 Purpose and Scope of Aerodrome Manual
1.1.1 This document is entitled TribhuvanInternationalAirport – Aerodrome Manual, and is

referred to as TIA AM in short.
1.1.2 The purpose of this Manual is to provide:

a) Confirmation of Tribhuvan International Airport Civil Aviation Office's (TIACAO)
ability to comply with all the civil aviation legislation along with approved and adopted
standards applicable to aerodrome operations. It contains all the pertinent information
regarding the aerodrome site, facilities, services, equipment, operating procedures,
organization and management of Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA),
b) a reference document for use by TIACAO staff in their activities to operate and manage
the operations of TIA,
c) a reference document to use by CAAN officials for audit and inspection activities
related to TIA, and
d) a reference document to demonstrate that all relevant aerodrome standards are met to
achieve an acceptable level of safety at TIA.
1.2 Legal Requirement
As the operator of an aerodrome serving air transport operations, TIACAO is required by Rule
4 of the Airport Certificate Regulation 2061 (2004)to hold an Aerodrome Certificate.
Aerodrome Certificate No 01 has been issued to TIACAO by the CAAN for TIA.
The requirement for an Aerodrome Manual for TIA is prescribed in Regulation 18 of the
Airport Certificate Regulation 2061. A copy of the TIA AM has been provided to CAAN Head
Office (HO).
1.3 Name and Address of Aerodrome
Pratap Babu Tiwari

General Manager
TribhuvanInternationalAirport,
Civil Aviation Office, Gauchar,Kathmandu, Nepal.
1.4 Name and Address of the Certificate Holder
Name Address
TribhuvanInternationalAirport Civil Gauchar, Kathmandu, Nepal
Aviation Office Telephone No. 977 1 4113033, 977 1 4113007
Fax. 977 1 4113180
e-mail: tiacao-aso@tiairport.com.np
planstat@tiairport.com.np
Web Site: www.tiairport.com
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page 1- 1

1.5 Conditions for Use of the Aerodrome

TIA operates normally 18 hours per day for take-off and landing of aircraft.This
Aerodrome shall, at all times, be available for aircraft movements for all persons and
operators on the basis of equal terms and conditions.
The operation hours shall be:

00:45-18:45hrs in UTC from 16 November to 15 February, and
00:15-18:45 hrs in UTC from 16 February to 15 November.
Note: Local time is UTC + 5:45 hrs
1.6 Obligations of the Aerodrome Operator
As per the CAAN Aerodrome Certificate Regulations, 2061, the operator of a certified
aerodrome is to:
a. comply with mandatory standards and practices;
b. make arrangement for an adequate number of qualified and skilled staff;
c. operate the aerodrome in accordance with the procedures set out in this Manual;
d. establish a Safety Management System (SMS)
e. arrange for audit of SMS and the management of aerodrome organization;
f. permit access to authorized CAAN officers for inspection and testing purposes
related to ensuring safety at the aerodrome;
g. make required notifications to CAAN, Air Traffic Controller (ATC) or pilots;
h. conduct special inspections as necessary;
i. remove obstructions on the airport that are likely to be a hazard; and
j. erect the warning signs if low flying or taxing aircraft are likely to be hazardous
to people or vehicles.
1.7 Aeronautical information
All relevant data relating to the aeronautical aspects of this Aerodrome are published
in Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP), Nepal.
The Director of Airport Operations Department (AOD) is responsible for complete and
correct promulgation of data to AIM Department of CAAN in accordance with
procedures described in this Manual.
The Director of Flight Operation Department (FOD)is also responsible for

promulgation of data to International NOTAM office, TIA on behalf of all
Departments and Divisions related as per this Manual for NOTAM actions.
1.8 Recording Aircraft Movements
The Deputy Director, ATS/SAR Division is the source of all primary data relating to
aircraft movements. This Division shall provide the data to the corresponding
Departments and Divisions of TIACAO as per the predetermined arrangements where
applicable.
1.9 Aerodrome Manual Control
In order to maintain the integrity of this manual, and to monitor amendments, the
manual includes the following elements:
 List of Effective Pages
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page 1 - 2

 Aerodrome Manual Amendment Record form

 Revision history
 Table of Contents for each Part and Section
All pages will be identified with an amendment status and date.
A copy of the Aerodrome Manual will be made available to all staff whose specific
position and role is referred to in the manual. Each of these persons is required to sign
the Distribution List and Record copies of the Aerodrome Manual in the Master Copy
held by the Aerodrome Manual Controller. This signature will be regarded as an
undertaking that the person has read and understood the Aerodrome Manual and will
act in accordance with the manual.
The GM, TIACAO has appointed one of the senior officials of the TIACAO as an
Aerodrome Manual Controller who has extensive experience in aerodrome ground
operation and aerodrome safety with technical background.The Aerodrome Manual
Controller will provide a copy of Aerodrome manual to each person, who has a defined
role and responsibilities in aerodrome operation and maintenance. A revised
Amendment Sheet will be issued with each Manual Amendment.
Additionally it is the function and responsibility of the Aerodrome Manual Controller

to review this manual at least annually to ensure the relevancy and currency of all
procedures. The Annual Review Record in the Master Copy will be signed and dated as
evidence of the review having been completed and to indicate whether any amendments
were required as a consequence of the review.
Civil Aviation Regulations, as published by the Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal,

must be observed at all times whether or not they are specifically referred to herein.
Should conflict occur between this Aerodrome Manual and the Civil Aviation
Regulations, this Aerodrome Manual will be regarded as secondary.
1.10 Aerodrome Manual Amendment Procedures
Regulation 21 of CAANAirport Certificate Regulation 2004appliesto procedures for

amending an Aerodrome Manual. The Aerodrome Manual Controller will amend the
aerodrome manual for TribhuvanInternationalAirportwith prior approval from Director
General of Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal, whenever it is necessary to do so, to
maintain the accuracy of the manual. An amendment record for this manual is to
contain information about amendment number, date, section/part amended, description
of changes, signature and entry date.
Where amendment pages are issued, altered text shall be indicated by a vertical side bar
in the margin adjacent to the altered text.
The Aerodrome Manual Controller shall create and distribute amendments to the
Aerodrome Manual in accordance with the Aerodrome Manual Amendment Record
Form. Once issued, all amendments shall be distributed as per the distribution list. See
Appendix -A, Distribution List for the record of copies of Aerodrome Manual.

1.11 Aerodrome ManualAmendment Awareness Records
All staff associated with any aspect of the aerodrome operation, maintenance and
management must sign the Amendment Awareness Record as evidence of having read,
understood and agreed to apply the procedures and data contained in the Aerodrome
Manual.
All personnel, who are required to sign, must do so on initial issue of the manual and
additionally whenever an amendment has been made. It is the Aerodrome Manual
Controller's responsibility to ensure that each amendment is brought to the attention of
all relevant persons.
The Aerodrome Manual Controller shall review this Aerodrome Manual at least
annually, using the documentation provided at Appendix–B“Review of the Aerodrome
Manual”.

2. Aerodrome Site Details

2.1 Plan Showing Main Aerodrome Facilities and Boundaries
The existing layout plan of TIA showing aerodrome facilities and boundaries isshown
in Figure No. 2-1.
2.2 Location Map
A plan showing the distance of the TIA from Kathmandu city is shown in Figure No.
2-2.

Fig. 2-1
Plan
Showing Main Aerodrome Facilities and Boundaries

Fig. 2-2TIA Location Map

3. Aerodrome Data for AIS

3.1 General Information
3.1.1 Name of the Aerodrome : Tribhuvan International Airport
3.1.2 Location of the Aerodrome : Gaucher, Kathmandu
3.1.3 Geographical Coordinates of the Aerodrome Reference Point:

27°41’45.57013”N85°21’38.19352”E
3.1.4 Aerodrome Elevation : 1339.5m (4395 ft)
3.1.5 Aerodrome Reference Code : 4E

3.1.6 Magnetic Variation : 0°
3.1.7 Geographical Co-ordinates and Elevations of Runway
Table 3.1A: Geographical Co-ordinates and Elevations of Runway

Elevation
Elevation
Description Latitude Longitude above
Height (m)
MSL, (m)
02 Runway Threshold 270 41' 01.964" N* 850 21' 12.202" E* 1316.9* 1266.57*
20 Runway Threshold 270 42' 25.60" N* 850 21' 50.17" E* 1339.5* 1289.89*
Highest Point of the
270 42' 30.516248" Na 850 21' 52.131854" Ea 1337.73a 1282.326 a
Runway
Lowest Point of the
270 41' 2.801947" Na 850 21' 12.233121" Ea 1315.15a 1258.938 a
Runway
a:Department of Survey (B.S. 2054-09-24)
* Department of Survey (Sep 29, 2015) & Aeronautical Radio of Thailand Ltd. (Sept 21-24, 2015)
3.1.8 Aerodrome Reference Temperature 29.81°C.

:
3.1.9 Aerodrome Beacons
The aerodrome beacon is located over aerodrome control tower at 30m from the
ground. It flashes alternately green and white lights providing visual guidance to
indicate location of aerodrome from the air during night or restricted visibility
condition. The beacon is operated by the Control Tower.It has the following
characteristics:
 Number of light heads: Four light heads with two heads as backup.
 VisualRange: Up to 40 miles.
 Power supply: 230 volts AC at 50 Hz.

 Lamps: PAR 64 1000W, life duration greater than

4000Hrs.
 Color: Green colored filters, alternating green and white flashes.
 Flashes frequency: 26 flashes per minute.
 Light Intensity: 40000Candela.
 Light Beam: 5ºwide 30º high.
3.1.10 Name and address of the Aerodrome Operator
Name Address
TribhuvanInternationalAirport Civil Gauchar, Katmandu, Nepal
Aviation Office Telephone No: 977 1 4113261 / 977 1 4113263
Fax: 977 1 4113180
E-mail: tiacao-aso@tiairport.com.np
planstat@tiairport.com.np
Web Site: www.tiairport.com

3.2 Aerodrome Dimensions and Related Information
3.2.1 Runway and Stop way
Table 3.2: Characteristics of Runway and Stop way
Characteristics Runway 20 Runway 02

Magnetic Bearing 2020 0220
Designation Number 20 02
Length (m) 3078 2778
Width (m) 45 45
Shoulder Width (m)both side 7.5 7.5
Longitudinal slope 0.786% 0.786%
Transverse slope 1.5% 1.5%
Surface Type Asphalt Concrete Asphalt Concrete
Strength PCN 76/F/C/W/T PCN 76/F/C/W/T
Stop way Not provided Not provided
Types of RNW Non Instrument Instrument
The longitudinal slope of the runway is variable from +0.20% to -1.35% as shown in Fig. 3-1
3.2.2 Runway Strip and Runway End Safety Area
A. Runway Strip
Length (m) 3198
Width (m) 150
Surface Type Grass
B. Runway End Safety Area (RESA) Established at both sides (90x240)
3.2.3 Taxiways
The existing parallel Taxiway is 23 m wide. Five exit taxiways connectrunway with the
parallel taxiway. The distance between the taxiway center line and runway center line is 110
mwhich is less than the minimum of 172.5 m stipulated in ICAO Annex 14 Volume
Irecommendation or Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14). The Taxiway
centerline at all intersections of Taxiway and Runway are marked and provided at edges with
blue lights.
Table 3.3: Characteristics of Taxiways
Locationalong
Type of
Designation Width Surface Strength RWY Centre-
TWY
line
TWY A 23m Exit TWY Asphalt Concrete PCN 76F/C/W/T
TWY B 23m Exit TWY Asphalt Concrete PCN 76F/C/W/T
TWY C 23m Exit TWY Asphalt Concrete PCN 76F/C/W/T
TWY D 23m Exit TWY Asphalt Concrete PCN 76F/C/W/T
TWY E 23m Exit TWY Asphalt Concrete PCN 76F/C/W/T
TWY F 23m Link TWY Asphalt Concrete PCN 76F/C/W/T 110m from RWY
C/L
TWY G 23m Link TWY Asphalt Concrete PCN 76F/C/W/T
TWY H 23m Link TWY Asphalt Concrete PCN 76F/C/W/T
TWY J 23m Link TWY Asphalt Concrete PCN 76F/C/W/T

Fig. 3 -1 Longitudinal Profile of Runway and Clearway

3.2.4 Apron
Separate Aprons for parking of aircraft operating international and domestic flights are
shown in Fig. 3 - 2 (International Apron) and Fig. 3 - 3 (Domestic Apron).
3.2.4.1 International Apron

The existing international apron can accommodate eleven aircraft of different sizes.
The surface is of cement concrete with strength of PCN53 /R/B/W/T. As per the layout
plan shown in Fig No. 3-2, nineaircraft stands/bays have been located for parking of
aircraft operating international flights. The characteristics of these nineaircraft
stands/bays are summarized in Table No. 3.5.
Table 3.4: Aircraft Parking Stands at International Apron

Aircraft Parking
Aircraft Stand/
S.N. Aircraft Type Positions
Bay Nos.
(Nos.)
1. 1 and 2 Airbus330-300 and similar aircraft types 2
2. 3 and 4 B-747- 400 and similar aircraft types 2
3. 5 MD- 11 and similar aircraft types 1
4. 6 B- 767- 300 and similar aircraft types 1
5. 7, 8 and 9 B- 757- 200 and similar aircraft types 3
6. 10 B-737-800 and similar aircraft types 1
7. 11 A320/A319 and similar aircraft types 1
Table 3.5: Characteristics of International Apron
Bay Elevation MSL. Dimension

Surface Strength Latitude Longitude (L*B)m
No. height (m) ht.(m)
1 Cement PCN 53 27° 41' 49.1928"N* 85° 21' 21.24977"E* 1332.41 73*65
Concrete R/B/W/T
2 Cement PCN 53 27° 41' 51.3816"N* 85° 21' 25.978"E* 1333.28 73*65
Concrete R/B/W/T
3 Cement PCN 53 73*65
Concrete R/B/W/T 27° 41' 53.57456"N* 85° 21' 26.97864"E* 1286.798* 1334.15 a
4 Cement PCN 53 27° 41' 55.75516"N* 85° 21' 27.97049"E* 1287.600* 1334.92 a 73*65
Concrete R/B/W/T
5 Cement PCN 53 27° 41' 57.73639"N* 85° 21' 29.33581"E* 1288.301* 1335.58 a 73*61
Concrete R/B/W/T
6 Cement PCN 53 27° 41' 59.60749"N* 85° 21' 30.16168"E* 1288.725* 1335.97 a 73*48
Concrete. R/B/W/T
7 Cement PCN 53 27° 42' 01.12960" N* 85° 21' 30.85642"E* 1289.024* 1336.27 a 73*39
Concrete R/B/W/T
8 Cement PCN 53 27° 42' 02.51696"N* 85° 21' 31.48693"E* 1289.246* 1336.48 a 73*39
Concrete. R/B/W/T
9 Cement PCN 53 27° 42' 03.90524"N* 85° 21' 32.11647"E* 1289.471* 1336.67 a 73*34
Concrete R/B/W/T
10 Cement PCN 53 27° 42' 05.18558"N* 85° 21' 33.04648"E* 1289.663* 1336.583b 73*34
Concrete R/B/W/T
11 Cement PCN 53 27° 42' 06.47867"N* 85° 21' 33.71799"E* 1289.905* 1336.798b 73*34
Concrete R/B/W/T
b: Data from ATCEP (letter 2068/01/23 – AutoCarto Consult)
* Department of survey (Sep 29, 2015)

3.2.4.2 Domestic Apron
At present, fixed and rotary wing aircrafts operating domestic flights are parked in the
same Domestic Apron. Layout plan of the domestic apron is shown in Fig No. 3-3 and
the aircraft stand allocations for parking of various aircraft types are summarized in
Table 3.6. The apron surface is of flexible pavement with bituminous surface course.
Table 3.6: Aircraft Parking Stands at Domestic Apron
Aircraft Aircraft Parking

S.N. Aircraft Types
Stand/Bay No. Position (Nos.)
1 D- 1 to D- 5 HS – 748 and equivalent aircraft types 5
2 D- 6 to D-17 DHC 6 and equivalent aircraft types 12
3.2.4.3 Remote Aircraft Parking Bay
The existing Remote Aircraft Parking Bay can accommodate four aircraft of different
sizes. The surface is of cement concrete as rigid pavement. As per the layout plan
shown in Fig No. 3-3, four aircraft stands/bays have been located for parking of
aircraft operating international/domestic Aircrafts. The characteristics of these four
aircraft stands/bays are summarized in Table No. 3.7
Table 3.7: Remote Aircraft Parking Bay

Aircraft Coordinates Elevation Aircraft Type Surface & Strength
Stand (LAT,LONG) (m,ASL)
BAY-R1 274155N 1335.027 B777-200ER and Rigid

0852150E Similar Aircraft Pavement/Design
Types Aircraft B777-
200ER
BAY-R2 274157N 1335.230 B777-200ER and
0852149E
Similar Aircraft
Types
BAY-R3 0852158E 1335.399 ATR-72 and Rigid

0852148E
Similar Aircraft Pavement/Design
Types Aircraft ATR72
BAY-R4 274159N 1335.517 ATR-72 and

0852148E
Similar Aircraft
Types


Fig. 3 -2 Aircraft Parking Layout at International Apron

Fig. 3 -3 Aircraft Parking Layout at Domestic Apron

Fig. 3 -3aRemote Aircraft Parking Bay

3.2.5 Clearways and Ground Profile

The clearways with dimension as mentioned below is provided along both runway
ends 02 and 20, which are leveled and the longitudinal upward slope does not
exceeding 1.2 %.
Runway Designation Clearway Dimension, (m)

02 300X150
20 300X150
3.2.6 Visual Aids for Navigation
3.2.6.1 Markings
Markings of Runway, Taxiway and Apron are performed as per Civil Aviation
Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14), Part-1 Aerodrome Design and Operations
shown in FigNo. 3-4.
3.2.6.2 Approach Light System
The approach lighting system consists of a row of lights on the extended centerline of
the runway, extending over a distance 870m from the runway-02 threshold. A row of
lights forming crossbar 30m in length at a distance of 300m from the runway
threshold. The spacing between the lights forming centerline is 30m.The centerline and
the crossbar lights of the approach lighting system are unidirectional lights showing
variable white. Each centerline light position consists of barrette and is supplemented
by a capacitor discharge light.The approach lighting system as shown in the Fig. 3-5g
and 3-5h.There is no approach light on the Runway20.Theapproach lighting system is
controlled from the aerodrome control tower.
3.2.6.3 PAPI
The PAPI light system consists of a wingbar of 4 sharp transitional multi-lamps units
equally spaced. The PAPI system is located on the left side of the runway as shown in
the Fig. 3-5a and 3-5f. These lights are of high intensity with variable brilliance. PAPI
lights are regularly calibrated during the annual flight checks. Approach Slope angle of
PAPI systems is set to 3 0 from Runway 02 and Runway 20. Control of PAPI is local
from substation and remote from the aerodrome control tower.
3.2.6.4 Runway Lights
Runway Edge Lights (REDL)
The runway edge lights are high intensity, bi-directional elevated and frangible white
lights spaced at 60m interval placed along the full length of the runway and in two
parallel rows equidistant from the centerline. A section of the lights 600m at the
remote end of the runway from the end show amber as shown in the Fig. 3-5a to 3-
5f.Control of runway edge light is from the aerodrome control tower.

Runway End Lights (RENL)
The runway end lights are provided at the both ends of runway 02 and 20. The runway
end lights are unidirectional, inset light showing red in the direction of the runway as
shown inFig. 3-5a and 3-5f.
Runway Center Line Lights (RCLL)
Runway centre line lights are provided along center line with offset 30 cm with
spacing 30 m which is inset fixed lights showing variable white from the threshold to
the point 900 m from the runway end; alternate red and variable white from 900 m to
300 m from the runway end; and red from 300 m to the runway end as shown in Fig
3-5
Runway Threshold Identification Light (RTIL)
The Runway Threshold Identification Lights are provided at displaced threshold

onrunway 20. They are white flashing lights with flash frequency between 60 and 120
per minute as shown in the Fig. 3-5a;there is no RTIL on the Runway02.
Runway Threshold Lights (RTHL)
The runway threshold lights are provided at the threshold of runway 02. The runway
threshold lights are fixed, unidirectional, inset light showing green in the direction of
approach to the runway as shown Fig. 3-5f.
Runway Threshold Wingbar Lights
The runway threshold wing bar lights are provided at the displaced threshold of
runway 20. They are symmetrically disposed about the runway centerline at the
threshold in two groups (wing bar). They are fixed, unidirectional, frangible, elevated
light showing green in the direction of approach to the runway as shown Fig. 3-5a.
3.2.6.5 Taxiway Lights
Taxiway edge lights are provided at the edges of taxiway and Runway turn pads. They
are fixed omni-directional elevated lights showing blue. All taxiways have blue
elevated lights as shown in Fig. 3-5a to 3-5f.
Runway Guard Light (RGL)

The runway guard lights, configuration A,which consists of two pairs of yellow
unidirectional, frangible,elevated lightsare provided at each sides of runway holding
position in taxiwayA, B,C,D and E.The runway guard lights are shown in fig. 3-5b to
3-5e.
Stop Bar Lights
Stopbarsshallconsistoflightsspacedatuniformintervalsofnomorethan3macrossthetaxiway
,showingredintheintendeddirection(s)of approach totheintersectionTaxiway J across to
Remote parking Bay.
3.2.6.6 Signaling Light (Light Gun)

The signaling light is provided on aerodrome control tower. It is primarily used to

establish contact from the tower when the radio contact fails. The signals are in the
form of steady or flashing lights in one of three colors (white, red or green) that the
signaling light can produce.
3.2.6.7 Illuminated Wind Direction Indicator (IWDI)

The Illuminated wind direction indicators are equipped in aerodrome for use in day or
night to provide surface wind information for pilots engaged in landing operation.
There are 3 Nos. of IWI towards Runway-02, runway-20 and on the middle of runway
as shown in fig. 3-5a, 3-5c and 3-5f.
3.2.6.8 Apron Flood Lighting

The high mast apron flood lighting is provided to illuminate the aircraft parking area at
international apron. There are 11 nos. of high masts having height 23m from ground,
situated at the west side of aircraft stands and containing 4x 533 W LED flood lights in
each masts to maintain minimum 20 lux of illumination as per the ICAO requirement.
The aiming of floodlights has been arranged in such a way that aircraft stands receive
light from different directions to minimize shadows. For uniform illuminance at apron
theindividual floodlights are directed at the aircraft stands.Similarly there are several
LED flood lights located at the west, north and east sides of domestic apron to
illuminate the domestic aircraft parking area.
Table 3.7: Characteristics of Aeronautical Ground Lighting System
Aeronautical Runway-02 Runway-20 Brilliancy and control

Ground
lighting
ALS High intensity unidirectional, NIL 5 steps control operated by
showing variable white light, ATC Tower
barrette type ,consisting of
sequential flashing lights on
center line
PAPI Wing bar of 4 sharp transitional Wing bar of 4 sharp 5 steps control operated by
multi-lamps units, high intensity transitional multi-lamps units, ATC Tower
light with variable brilliance high intensity light with
variable brilliance
REDL High intensity, variable High intensity, variable 5 steps control operated by
brilliance, bi-directional elevated brilliance, bi-directional ATC Tower
white/amber lights elevated white/amber lights
RCLL Inset fixed lights showing variable Inset fixed lights showing 5 steps control operated by
white from the threshold to the point variable white from the ATC Tower
900 m from the runway end; threshold to the point 900 m
alternate red and variable white from the runway end; alternate
from 900 m to 300 m from the red and variable white from 900
runway end; and red from 300 m to m to 300 m from the runway
the runway end. end; and red from 300 m to the
runway end.
RTHL fixed, unidirectional, inset light fixed, unidirectional, 5 steps control operated by
showing green elevated wing bar light ATC Tower
showing green
RENL unidirectional, inset light unidirectional, inset light 5 steps control operated by
showing red showing red ATC Tower
RTIL NIL white flashing lights with Fixed On/Off operated by
flash frequency between 60 ATC Tower
and 120 per minute
RGL configuration A, two pairs of yellow unidirectional, elevated 3 steps control operated by
lights ATC Tower
Taxiway omni-directional elevated lights showing blue 3 steps control operated by
Light ATC Tower
Aerodrome Located over control tower, 26 flashes per minutes, alternately Fixed On/Off operated by
beacon green and white lights ATC Tower
Signaling Located in control tower, The signals are in the form of steady or Fixed On/Off operated by
lamp flashing lights in one of three colors (white, red or green). ATC Tower
IWDI 3 Nos. of IWDI towards Runway-02, runway-20 and on the Fixed On/Off operated by
middle of the runway. ATC Tower
International 6x 533 W LED flood lights in first four High Masts each having Fixed On/Off operated by
Apron flood height of 25m ATC Tower
lights 8x 533 W LED flood lights in remaining High Mast with each
having height of 23 m at international apron.
Domestic 7*425 w , LED flood lights in the first Mast near VVIP with Fixed On/Off operated by
Apron Flood height 16m ATC Tower
Lights 4*425 w, light in the remaining, 4 poles with mast height of 25
m
Domestic 2*267 w light in the three poles in the northern side of Domestic Fixed On/Off operated by
North side Apron with Mast of height 11m ATC Tower
Domestic 2*267 w light in the three poles in the eastern side of Domestic Fixed On/Off operated by
East Side Apron with Mast of height 11m ATC Tower
Helipad 8x 533 W LED flood lights with a mast of height 25m. Fixed On/Off operated
Flood Light automatically through timer
relay and contactor system.
Service Road 1*70 W LED flood lights in 80 No.s of frangible Impact Fixed On/Off operated
Periphery absorbing with height of 7m automatically through timer
Lights relay and contactor system.
3.2.6.9 Standby Power for Lighting

There are two standby diesel generators of 1010 KVA and 900 KVA. These two
generators are connected with ATS (Automatic Power Transfer System). In case of
interruption NEA/ city supply, one of the two generators gets starting signalto start
automatically and feed power to the emergency loads within 13 sec. Both generators
are standby of each other.
3.2.6.10 Signage
There are following mandatory and informative signage is provided at maneuvering
area of aerodrome as shown in Fig 5…
Mandatory Signage:
1. Runway designation signage
2. No entry signage
Information Signage:
Taxiing guidance signs at all intersections with TWY and RWY and at all holding
positions
1. Taxiway direction or location or both.
2. Apron direction and location
3. Aircraft bay location

4. Holding position
5. Intersection take off
3.2.7 Taxiing Guidance and VOR Aerodrome Check Point Signs

The VOR Aerodrome check pointsare located on the Taxiway-A and Taxiway-E
indicating Kathmandu VOR/DME on the frequency 113.2 MHZ.
3.2.8 Standard Taxi Routes
Table 3.8: Taxiway Routes
Width, Location with respect to

Designation Type of TWY
M RWY Centerline
TWY A 23 Exit TWY
TWY B 23 Exit TWY
TWY C 23 Exit TWY
TWY D 23 Exit TWY
TWY E 23 Exit TWY
TXY F 23 Parallel TWY 110 m from RWY centerline
TWY G 23 Link TWY
TWY H 23 Link TWY
TWY J 23 Link TWY

Fig. 3-4Markings of Runway and Taxiway

Fig. 3-4aRunway North Side Turning Pad

Fig. 3-4bRunway South Side Turning Pad

Fig. 3-5a Airfield Lighting
Fig. 3-5b Airfield Lighting

Fig. 3-5c Airfield Lighting

Fig. 3-5d Airfield Lighting

Fig. 3-5e Airfield Lighting

Fig. 3-5f Airfield Lighting

Fig. 3-5g Airfield Lighting

Fig. 3-5h Airfield Lighting

3.2.9 Geographical Coordinates and the Top Elevation of Significant Obstacles
Please refer to Obstacle Limitation Surfaces shown in Fig No. 3-6 (OLS) and Annex
10: Design of Aerodrome Obstacle Chart ICAO Type –A and Type B including
Obstacle Limitation Surfaces Chart – July 2012(Appendix-Q)
3.2.10 Geographical Coordinates and Elevation of Taxiway Centerline
Altitude above
Designation Latitude Longitude Location
mean sea level
270 42' 21.110" 1044.219m/204.60o
TWY A 850 21' 44.323" 1337.928m
from. GRV-1
648.364m/
TWY B(N) 270 42' 8.823" 850 21' 39.258" 1337.34693m 206.904ofrom
GRV-1
604.925m/
TWY B(S) 270 42' 7.657" 850 21' 38.728" 1336.955m 207.255ofrom
GRV-1
264.256 m/214.8660
TWYC 270 41' 57.278" 850 21' 34.002" 1335.104 m
from. GRV-1
257.653/187.6100m
270 41' 42.007" 850 27' 7.054" 1335.104m
TWYD from GRV-1
735.892 m 197.6010
270 41' 27.586
TWYE 85 21' 20.002"
0
1323.732 m from GRV-1

3.2.11 Preflight Altimeter Check Locations

Generally a whole area of international and domestic apron serves as location for
preflight altimeter check of the departing aircrafts and elevation is 4394.76 ft.
3.2.12 Runway Declared Distances
Table 3.10: Runway Declared Distances
RWYDesignation TORA(M) TODA(M) ASDA(M) LDA(M)

02 3078 3378 3078 2778
20
Intersection Take off Distances3078 3378 3078 3078
Taxiway Intersection Take off Distance (M)
RWY 20
A 182
B 653
C 989
D 1498
E 1988
RWY 02
E 790
D 1280
C 1789
B 2125
A 2596
3.2.13 Disabled Aircraft Removal Plan

A plan is in place at TIA for the removal of disabled aircraft. See Para 4.14 fordetails.
i) Details of the Aerodrome Coordinator for the removal of disabled aircraft:
Designation Director,Airport Operation Department

Telephone No: 977 1 4113033, 977 1 4113196
Fax: 977 1 4113180
E-mail: planstat@tiairport.com.np / tiacao-aso@tiairpot.com.np
ii) TIACAO has madeprovision in the document of Removal of Disabled

Aircraft(RODA) to remove the disabled aircraft on or adjacent to the movement
area.
3.2.14 Rescue and Fire Fighting Services

TIA Aerodrome are operating up to Airbus 350 and Boeing 787 which has overall
length less than 76 m and maximum fuselage width less than 7 m. These are falling in
Category-9 as per Table 9-1 of CAR-14 Part-1, Aerodrome Design and Operations. So
TIA provides rescue and fire fighting service of Category – 9 as per Table 9-1, Table
9-2 and Chapter 9.2 of Civil Aviation Requirements (CAR-14), Part-1, Aerodrome
Design and Operations.See 4.4 for details.

3.2.15 Ground Handling
TIACAO not provide the ground Handling Services. List of the ground handling
agencies of Tribhuvan international Airport as follow;
S.No Ground handler Agencies Aircraft Operators Remarks

1. Nepal Airlines AIR CHIANA
BIMAN BANGLADESH
AIRLINES
BHUTAN AIRLINES
CHINA EASTERN AIRLINES
CHINA SOUTHERN AIRLINES
CATHY DRAGON AIR
ETIHAD AIRLINES
HIMALAYA AIRLINES
INTERGLOBE
AVIATION(INDIGO)
SINGAPORE AIRLINES
KOREAN AIR
MALAYSIA AIRLINES
MALINDO AIR
NEPAL AIRLINES
OMAN AIR
QATAR AIRWAYS
REGENT AIRWAYS
ROYAL BHUTAN(DRUK AIR)
SICHUAN AIRLINES
SILK AIR
TIBET AIRLINES Co. Ltd
TURKISH AIRLINES INC.
WATANIYA AIRWAYS
2. AIR INDIA AIR INDIA
3. BUDDHA AIR BUDDHAAIR

4. Aerodrome Operating Procedures and Safety Measures

4.1 Aerodrome Reporting
Note: Refer to Part 5 Section 5.1Organizational Structure and Section 5.2 Names,
Roles and Contact Telephone Numbers of those persons identified as having
responsibility for implementing the procedures detailed in this Section.
4.1.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to ensure that CAAN AIM Departmentand

International NOTAM office, TIAare notified of any changes in the physical condition
of the aerodrome and of new obstacles that may affect the safety of aircraft operations.
4.1.2 Responsibilities
The General Manager of TIACAO has overall responsibility for ensuring that
procedures are established and resources provided to report changes to aerodrome
physical characteristics, the OLS, or any other change that may affect the safety of
aircraft operations.
The Director, Airport Operations Department (AOD), is responsible for

documenting reporting procedures and for advising AIM Departmentfor permanent
changes to aerodrome information. He is also responsible for advising CAAN of any
significantchanges to aerodrome information that may occur.
The Chief,Aerodrome SafetyManager and Safety Officers, Aerodrome Safety

Office,are responsible for audit/surveillance and other safety related inspections and
follow up on the rectification of such deficiencies as documented in this manual.
The Chief, Terminal Management Division and chief, Airside Management

Divisionare responsible for reporting the day-to-dayserviceability of the aerodrome
and notifying temporary changes to published aeronautical information to Flight
Operation Department / Air Traffic Controller (ATC) and the International NOTAM
Office, TIA in their respective area of aerodrome.
4.1.3 Legislation, Standards and Technical References
Regulation 30 of CAANAirport Certificate Regulation 2061 requires aerodrome

operators to provide up to date information on aerodrome and on hazards to air
navigation. It does this through the Aeronautical Information Publications (AIP) and
Notices to Airmen (NOTAM).
Regulation 30 requires the aerodrome operator to notify CAAN immediately of any

changes in aerodrome information or in the serviceability of aerodrome facilities.
Failure to do so may jeopardize the safety of aircraft operations. Regulation 30 also
imposes similar requirements in relation to obstacles that are detected during
aerodrome inspections.
A reporting format for NOTAM publication is used as included in 4.1.8. Additional

information can be found in AIP.
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page 4.1 - 1

4.1.4 Reporting Procedures

Any situation that may have an immediate effect on the safety of aircraft operations
will be reported in the first instance to ATS unitby radio or telephone. The apron and
wildlife safety office, international terminal and domestic terminal office are
responsible for reporting such situations. Confirmation by NOTAM, if applicable, will
follow as soon as possible.
The designated units of TIACAO are as follows:

 For verbal reports to ATC – Kathmandu Ground (121.9 MHz) or Unit In-Charge,
Tower Controller by telephone;
 For NOTAM action – the International NOTAM, FOD, TIACAO.
NOTE: Urgent messages conveyed by radio to the Control Tower will be confirmed
by phone or fax to the International NOTAM Office, TIAas soon as possible.
Contact telephone/fax numbers of the Unit In-charge,and ATS unit are listed in Part 5
Section 5.2 (see Appendix D).
In most cases aerodrome conditions or new obstacles that need to be reported

immediately will be detected during the daily serviceability inspections. The
procedures for these inspections and requirements for logging the results ofinspection
are detailed in 4.5.
All NOTAM action is recorded in the NOTAM Logbook that is maintained by the Duty
Officers,International NOTAM office, TIA. This logbook will be made available on
request to the authorized CAANofficials for audit.
Permanent changes in aerodrome information will be advised directly to CAAN.

Changes may be advised by e-mail to
dgca@caanepal.org.npand/orcnsatm@mos.com.np
The Director, Airport Operation Departmentwill forward information on significant

changes on aerodrome to CAAN HOand will keep copies of amendments requested on
file. The file will be made available for audit on request by authorized CAAN officers.
4.1.5 NOTAM
NOTAM are used to advise pilots and other persons concerned with flight operations
about matters of an urgent nature that may affect the safety of aircraft operations. In
relation to an aerodrome this includes temporary changes in published information,
non-serviceability, or newly detected obstacles.
At TIA,the delegation to originate a NOTAM is restricted to the Director AOD, the

Director FOD, and Deputy Director, International NOTAM office, TIA listed in Part 5
Section 1 of this manual.
NOTAM will be originated in the standard NOTAM format for any of the following
circumstances:
 A change in the serviceability of the maneuvering area;
 A change in the operational information contained in Part 5 of this manual and
published in the AIP;
 Aerodrome works effecting the maneuvering area or penetrating the OLS;

 New obstacles which effect the safety of aircraft operations;

 Bird or animal hazards on or in the vicinity of the airport; or.
 A change in the availability of aerodrome visual aids, i.e. markers andmarkings,
runway lights, etc.
 Any change in aerodrome information published in AIP, which exceed the limits
detailed in paragraph 4.1.7 of this section.
 VVIP movement.
 Army firing exercise.
NOTAM information must be provided by fax. Where urgent advice is given by

telephone in the first instance, it must be confirmed by fax as soon as possible.
TIACAO Officials raising a NOTAM must subsequently check the issued NOTAM
for accuracy. Normally this is done when the International NOTAM Office (NOF) fax
back a copy of the issued NOTAM as per the request on the standard NOTAM form. If
the NOF fails to do this, current NOTAM information may be obtained through the
Air Traffic Control system.
4.1.6 AIP Changes to be promulgated by NOTAM
Aerodrome Coordinates Change exceeds 0.5 nautical miles.

Aerodrome Elevation Alterations in excess of 6 m (20 ft.) for aerodromeswith
an instrument approach, or 30 m (100 ft.) forother
aerodromes.
Runway Bearing Change of 5 degrees or greater
Pavement Rating Any reduction
Runway or Runway Strip Width Any change
Runway Slope Any change
Runway Surface Any change
Declared Distances Any change greater than 10 m decrease or 30 m increase
TODA Gradient 0.05% change or greater

4.1.7 NOTAM Request Form
TO : INTERNATIONAL NOTAM OFFICE, FROM : …………………………..

TIA, GAUCHAR, KATHMANDU Phone (nn) nnn nnn nnn
Phone (nn) nnn nnn nnn FAX (nn) nnn nnn nnn
FAX (nn) nnn nnn nnn
REPORTING OFFICER: ....................................…........................................
(NAME)
TELEPHONE:..................................... FAX : ..............................................
NOTAMN NOTAMR ......................... NOTAMC .........................

(NUMBER) (NUMBER)
LOCATION A) TRIBHUVANINTERNATIONALAIRPORT (AD)

START TIME B) ............................UTC
FINISH TIME C).............................UTC
PERIODS OF ACTIVITY D).............................UTC
TEXT OF NOTAM E)
Please fax back a copy of the NOTAM to the originator

SIGNED: ............................................ DATE/TIME:..........................................
(REPORTING OFFICER)
Note:
1. Letter N, R & C suffixed in the word NOTAM represents New. Replacement or Revised & Cancellation
respectively.
2. Please put √ in the small box, if it is NOTAM.

3. Please mention the last NOTAM series and number in the box NOTAMR or NOTAMC if it is replacement or
cancellation of the NOTAM.
4. For NOTAM request on firing exercise, by Nepal Army and Armed Police Force: coordinates, elevation in
feet, danger height in feet, danger height in feet and name of the place of activities along with district name of
activities to be mentioned in the field 'E' as the test of NOTAM.
5. 'F' and 'G' shall be filled by NOTAM Office only with reference from the text provide in the field 'E'

4.2 Access to the Aerodrome Movement Area
Note: Refer to Part 5 Section 5.1Organisational Structure and Section 5.2 Names,
Note: The National Civil Aviation Security Program is published by CAAN and
provided to TIACAO. The Security Program is prepared primarily to address
specific aviation security legislation administered by CAAN. Its provisions for
regulating airside access are mentioned in Chapter 6 and Appendix H.
As the Security Program is a restricted document, the provisions relevant to

movement area access are summarized in Chapter 6 Section F and Appendix
H. These procedures should also be read in conjunction with 4.11 Airside
Vehicle Control.
4.2.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to assist the safety of aircraft operations by only
permitting access onto the movement area to authorized persons, vehicles, equipment,
plant or animals.
The General Manager has overall responsibility for ensuring that procedures are
established and resources are provided for aviation security and for the control of
airside access to the airport.
The Deputy Director,Aviation Security (AVSEC) Management Division is

responsible for developing an Airport Security Program. He is also responsible for
obtaining approval prior to any physical change of the airside/landside barrier (i.e.
modifications to fencing, buildings, new access doors etc).
The Manager,AVSEC Planning and CoordinationSection is responsible:

 for ensuring that aviation security tasks of the Senior Officers are carried out in
a satisfactory manner; and
 for administration of Tribhuvan International Airport Security Police Office
under Nepal Police and Nepal Army personnel under engineering directorate
Gauchar barrack at manned access gates.
The Senior Officers, AVSECPlanning and CoordinationSectionare responsible for

carrying out day-to-day aviation security tasks (access control and screening) of airside
areas.
The Aerodrome Control Tower has the responsibility for control of vehicles on the
maneuvering area. No person or vehicle may enter this area without ATC approval.
Any person entering the maneuvering area must also hold, or be escorted by a person
who holds, a valid airport pass having access as mentioned in Appendix H Airport
Pass Areas (see ‘4.11 Airside Vehicle Control’ for details of Authority to
AirsideDrive).

The Security Services are provided by Airport Security Police under Nepal Police
except explosive ordinance device (EOD) gate and Cargo Complex gate which are
manned by Nepal Army (Engineering Directorate, Gauchar Barrack).
TheAircraft Operators and Airport Tenantsare responsible for controlling access to

restricted areas via any part of their building or leased areas (i.e. passenger terminals,
aircraft hangars, workshops, Directorate General of Army Aviation(DGAA) apron and
old fire station area). They are required to establish and enforce procedures to prevent
unauthorized airside access via these areas.
The Civil aviation Authority Act 1996 Clause 5(V) designated CAAN as appropriate
authority for aviation security. Airport security matters are dealt in clause 21 of CAAN
Act 1996 which states the deployment of security personnel.
The Civil Aviation Act 1959 Clause 10(a) defines restricted areas at the airport. The
Civil Aviation Security Rules 1989requires the establishment of the Airport Security
Committee and Airport Security Programs.
The National Civil Aviation Security Program 2013 establishes Airport Security
Program and access control at TIA. Rule 76 of the Civil Aviation Regulation(2058)
defines the access control at airports.
International standards for airport security are contained in ICAO Annex 17,and ICAO
Doc. 8973/6, Security Manual.
The Aerodrome Manual requires control of airside access on the airport as a means of
ensuring the safety of aircraft operations. The procedures to control access to the
movement areas are also available in the following documents:
 SOP for TIA Restricted Area Entry Permit Management 2016; and
 Notice published in Nepal Gazette by the Nepal Government (2052/4/8)
4.2.4 Access Controls
No person is permitted airside without lawful excuse. When within the TIA
securityrestricted area (SRA) they must display an acceptable form of identification.
For these purposes the following are regarded as acceptable:
 Airport passwith photograph(Staff)
 Airport passwith photograph(Workers)
 Airport passwithoutphotograph(Visitors) – V pass
 Airport passwithoutphotograph(Staff) – S pass
 TIA Administrative area pass withoutphotograph – A pass
 Airport pass for officials from foreign diplomatic agencies
withoutphotograph – F pass
 Airport pass for special handling withoutphotograph – SP pass
 Airport pass withoutphotograph (Workers) – W pass
 Valid travel document.

Vehicle access to airside is governed by the provisions of ‘4.11 Airside Vehicle

Control’ of this manual.
The entire SRA is bounded by a security fence or buildings for prevention of

unauthorized entry. Unmanned gates are padlocked at all times. Vehicular access gates
are manned, controlled and monitored. Pedestrian access gates and doors are
controlled by security personnel.
Restricted access signs are located in buildings that provide direct airside access, at
each access gate and at regular intervals along the boundary fence. The wording of
these signs is in accordance with the ICAO Doc 8973/6.
Following areas have been declared as restricted area at TIA.
a. Airside Area;
b. All complexes (inclusive of all installations and equipment) inside andoutside the
aerodrome premises where one or more lighting,communication or navigational
facilities are installed;
c. Fire station, Aviation Fuel Farms, Customs Godown, Cargo Complex;
d. VVIP/VIP enclosure in ITB.
4.2.5 Procedures for Entry to Restricted Areas
The General Manager, TIACAO is authorized to permit entry on the following basis:
a. Passengers in possession of legitimate flight and travel documents accepted by

related Airlines and Airport Immigration,
b. Airport Staff in possession of valid AirportEntryPass, (computerized pass with
photo and area codes,) or
c. Visitors with Valid EntryPass, and
d. Vehicles with Entry Pass.
AirportEntryPass is issued by the Aviation Security Management Division with the

approval of the General Manager. Vehicle entry pass is mandatory requirement for
access to the airside. Vehicle permit is issued by the Aviation Security Management
Division with the approval of the General Manager. The access control procedure to
the restricted area at TIA is described in detail in SOP for TIA Restricted Area Entry
Permit Management 2016.

4.3 Aerodrome Emergency Plan

The Tribhuvan International Airport Emergency Plan (TIAEP) and subset of TIAEP-
TIA Disaster Response Plan (TIADRP)are published and distributed independently of
the Aerodrome Manual. The TIAEP provides a list of agencies that are expected to
respond to an emergency at TribhuvanInternationalAirport. The TIAEP serves to
confirm compliance with CAAN requirements and has been adopted as Annex 2 to this
Manual.
4.3.1 Purpose
The purpose of TIAEP is to identify, in manual form, the responsibilities and required
actions of all agencies and personnel involved in dealing with aircraft emergencies
and/or other emergencies affecting TIA. The primary purpose of this section is to
document TIACAO responsibilities and background information in relation to the
TIAEP.
4.3.2.1 TIAEP Planning
The General Manager has overall responsibility for establishing a plan to coordinate
the response if an emergency occurs at the aerodrome involving aircraft and/or
aerodrome facilities.
4.3.2.2 AEP Operational Response
The operational responsibilities and procedures for TIACAO staff are documented in
the TIAEP.
 National Civil Aviation Security Program 2015;

 TIA Emergency Plan 2019;
 Civil Aviation Security Management Rules 1989 (Clause 2.3.1.9).
International standards and recommended practices are found in ICAO Annex 14,
Volume I, Aerodrome Design and Operations or Civil Aviation Requirements for
Aerodromes (CAR-14) and the ICAO Airport Services Manual Part 7.
4.3.4 Airport Emergency Exercises
To ensure that the plan is functional and that all agencies are familiar with their roles
and responsibilities, an exercise program will be developed by the TIACAO. The
TIACAO will determine the frequency and type of exercises held, subject to a

minimum standard requirement of one major full scale exercise every two years, and
partial or table top exercise semi-annual.
If an actual incident has occurred in the scheduled airport emergency exercise year,
then emergency exercise need not be held in that year.
An evaluation committee will be formed to provide impartial comment on exercises
and the performance of attending agencies. Each member of the evaluation committee
will provide an exercise critique for consideration by the General Manager, TIACAO.
4.3.5 Airport Emergency Plan Review
After a major activation of the plan or following an exercise, the General Manager
TIACAO will meet to identify areas where the plan might be improved.
4.3.6 Standard Operating Procedures
Each responding agency is responsible for developing its own procedures that
represent its method of implementing the TIAEP.
Procedures defining the aerodrome operator’s response to an emergency on the

Aerodrome have been detailed in TIAEP. This TIAEP and TIADRPare published
separately to the Aerodrome Manual as Annex 2andcomprises a part of this Manual.

4.4 Rescue and Fire Fighting
4.4.1 Purpose
The RFFS is provided with the objective of a rescue and firefighting service to save
lives. The major facilities of the RFFS are to be directed at all times to attending at and
dealing with an aircraft accident/incident occurring on or in the vicinity of the
TribhuvanInternationalAirport.
established and adequate resources are provided to meet the rated category of RFFS as
per Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14), Volume-1.
The Director AOD is responsible to supervise the Rescue and Fire Fighting(RFF)
Division in developing RFFS procedures (i.e. SOP-RFFS) and ensure that the rated
RFF Category is maintained.
The Deputy Director,RFFDivision is responsible to develop RFF procedures (i.e.

SOP-RFFS) for TIA. He/she is to ensure, the required amount of extinguishing agents
and skilled manpower are available, equipment are available and serviceable to keep
the appropriate level of protection available at all times. He/she is responsible for the
deployment of skilled Fire Fighting Staff. He/she is to act as an On-Scene-Commander
in case of fire incident or aircraft accident.
The Manager/Shift In-Charge RFFDivision is responsible to maintain the rated

Aerodrome RFF category, to keep all the available equipment in serviceable
conditions and to ensure the level of protection, in terms of men and material, remain
available to meet the requirement. He/she is responsible to act according to the SOP-
RFFS in case of emergency.
 Nepal Civil Aviation Authority Act 1996 [Clause 5 (k)];

 Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14) Volume 1, Aerodrome
Design and Operations;
 ICAOAirport Services Manual, Part 1 – Rescue and Fire Fighting.

4.4.4 RFF Category
TIA Aerodrome are operating up to Airbus 350 and Boeing 787 which has overall
length less than 76 m and maximum fuselage width less than 7 m. These are falling in
Category-9 as per Table 9-1 of CAR-14 Part-1, Aerodrome Design and Operations. So
TIA provides rescue and fire fighting service of Category – 9 as per Table 9-1, Table
9-2 and Chapter 9.2 of Civil Aviation Requirements (CAR-14), Part-1, Aerodrome
Design and Operations.
4.4.5 Reduction of Category
In the event, that the Rated RFF category cannot be maintained the Manager/Shift In-
Charge RFFDivision is to inform the ATC/AIS and Deputy Director RFFDivision
immediately. The Deputy Director upon receipt of such information shall act as per
SOP-RFFS for the restoration of rated RFF Category and take following actions:
 He/She is to assess the nature and extent of deficiency and/or non-serviceability

and inform ATC/AIS and give approximate time required for the restoration of
rated RFF Category.
 He/she is to make necessary coordination with the Procurement Section for the
procurement of required amount of extinguishing agents/equipment.
 He/she is to make necessary arrangements to get repaired from the resources
available or to coordinate with the Electro-mechanical Division for the repair/
maintenance of un-serviceable RFF vehicle. He/she is to coordinate with the
CAAN HO for the replacement/issuance of RFF vehicle, in case of prolonged
non-serviceability.
The officer on duty at Control tower is to inform Unit In-Charge of Control tower, the
Director FOD and the aircraft that are likely to be affected and are in R/T contact with
tower, ground and approach controls immediately. NOTAM action as detailed in
Section 4.1 is to be taken by the Deputy Director, International NOTAM office, TIA to
indicate the varied level of coverage available.
4.4.6 Inventory
An inventory of all equipment and extinguishing agents held by the RFFDivision is

provided in the Table 4.1.Minimum usable amount of extinguishing agents for
category 9 as per CAR-14 is maintained.
4.4.7 Standard Operating Procedures-RFFS

Procedures defining the RFF response to an emergency on the aerodrome have been
issued as Standard Operating Procedures for Aerodrome Rescue and Fire Fighting
Service (SOP-RFFS). The SOP is published separately to the Aerodrome Manual as
Annex 9 to the AerodromeManual.
4.4.8 Provision for difficult terrain environment

Memorandum of Understanding between Tribhuvan International Airport Civil
Aviation office and Himalayan Rescue Association has been done to provide rescue
services for difficult terrain environment in the mountain areas and regions which are
not easily accessible by road.
4.4.9 Training Requirements for Rescue and Fire Fighters

Rescue and Fire Fighting personnel shall be trained following trainingsto perform their
duties as per CAR-14 Part-I Aerodrome Design and Operations Third Edition 2018
 Basic Aerodrome Firemen ship Course
 RFF Refresher Course
 RFF Advanced Training
 RFF equipment Operation Training
 Breathing Apparatus Training
 First Aid Training
 Pressure fed fire
 Live Fire Drill

Capacity ICAO standard Man power

Discharge
S.N. Equipment acceleration and capacity per S.N. Ancillaries Qty.
Rate
top speed equipment
Water Foam DCP
6000
1. Large Foam 12500L 1500L L/M 0-80 km/hr within 5 person 1. Proximity Suits 5 sets
Tender -1 35 second -Aluminum 5 sets
type
-Hazmat suits 15 sets
2. Large Foam 12500L 1500L 250 6000 l/m 0-80 km/hr within 5 person 2. Helmet 28pcs.
Tender -2 kg 35 second
3. Large Foam 12500 L 1500L 250 6000 l/m 0-80 km/hr within 5 person 3. Boots 6 Pairs
Tender -3 kg 35second
4. Large Foam 9000L 1500L - 4000 l/m 0-80 km/hr within 5 person 4. Gloves 43Pairs
Tender -5 40 second
5. Medium Foam 6000L 1000L 250 3000 l/m 0-80 km/hr within 3 person 5. Rope & Lines 10 pcs.
Tender -1 kg 40 second
6 Rescue Vehicle ………. …… 250 ………. ……………. 7 person

kg
7. Water Tender- 12000 L - - - - 3 person

1
8. Ambulance - 1 - _ _ _ _ 2 person 6. Hose 47 pcs.
9. Ambulance -2 - - - - - 2 person 7. Fire Blankets 4 pcs.
10. Ambulance - 3 _ _ - _ _ 2 person 8. Stretcher 20 pcs
11. 9. Fluroprotin 8000 lts.

Foam
12. 10. Protein Foam 6000 lts
13. 11. AFFF Foam 10000

lts.
12. Axe 8 pcs
13. Power Saw 1 pcs

Tent 1set
14.
SCBA 26 sets
15.
2100Kgs
16. DCP
.
Fan for
17. ventilation or 3 pcs
cooling
Table 4.1 Inventory of RFFS Equipment, Extinguishing Agents and Personnel

4.5 Inspection of the Aerodrome Movement Area and Obstacle Limitation Surfaces
Note: Refer to Part 5 Section 5.1Organisational Structure and Section 5.2 Names, Roles
and Contact Telephone Numbers of those persons identified as having responsibility
for implementing the procedures detailed in this Section.
4.5.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to ensure that the movement area, related facilities, and the
obstacle limitation surfaces (OLS) are regularly inspected to ensure Civil Aviation
Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14) are maintained.
established and resources provided for aerodrome inspections in order to ensure that ICAO
SARPs are met.
The Director, TSD has responsibility for ensuring that daily serviceability inspection of
airfield lighting systems including PAPI are satisfactorily carried out and that appropriate
actions/ reporting takes place as a result of those inspections.
The Deputy Director, Electro-mechanical Division is responsible for carrying out daily
serviceability inspections of airfield lighting systems including PAPI.
The Deputy Director, Civil Engineering Division(CED) is responsible for carrying out
daily serviceability inspection and regular technical inspections of aerodrome and other
physical facilities as per schedule provide in Table 4.5.1. This responsibility of carrying out
and recording the inspection and maintenance of all aerodrome facilities is delegated to the
Senior Civil Engineers, who may delegate the regular operational maintenance works to the
duty staff of CED.CED in coordination with Electro Mechanical division should have
periodic or when required Runway Friction Test and water depth measurement.
The Manager, Electrical Section is primarily responsible for carrying out daily
serviceability inspection of airfield lighting system including PAPI. This responsibility is
delegated to the supervisor and subsequently to shift in-charge, who may delegate on a day-
to-day basis to the duty staff of electrical section.
The Deputy Manager, Electrical Section has the responsibility for ensuring that lighting
inspections are carried out in accordance with the inspection and maintenance schedules
detailed in 4.6Visual Aids and Aerodrome Electrical Systems’ of this manual.
The Deputy Manager, Electrical Section is responsible for carrying out and recording the
inspection and maintenance of all aerodrome lighting systemsincluding all the obstacle
lighting on and off the aerodrome.
Rule 26of CAANAirport Certificate Regulation 2004 requires the aerodrome operator to
maintain aerodrome facilities in a safe physical condition.

In accordance with the Rule 30 (3) and (4) of CAAN Airport Certificate Regulation
2004,CAAN will be notified if any changes in the physical condition or obstacles are
detected that may affect the safety of aircraft operations. These reporting requirements are
dealt with separately in 4.1 of this Manual.
The relevant standard is Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14).
4.5.4 Serviceability Inspections
The Manager, International Terminal Management (ITM) Section in duty together with CED
Senior Officer and electrical Senior Officer is to carry out daily at least twice serviceability
inspection of the movement area. First inspection should be before the flight operation and
second inspection should be in evening as provision made in CAR 14 2.9.3. The inspection
is to be logged for the record. Defects and occurrence of significant nature are to be reported
to theAerodrome Control Tower, Director, Airport Operation Division (AOD) and TSD for
onward issuance of Letter to Commence Work (LTCOW). Minor defects are directly
reported to the concerned units (i.e. Civil EngineeringDivision etc.) for the expeditious
rectification.
Duty Staff of Electrical Section are engaged in a shift duty roster to ensure continuous
monitoring of serviceability of airfield lighting system including PAPI.
4.5.4.1 Logbooks
Serviceability inspections of the movement area are recorded in the Logbook of the
International Terminal Management (ITM) Section and signed by the duty Manager.
Serviceability inspections of airfield lighting system including PAPI are recorded in the
Logbookof Electrical Section.
The logbook entries should include the time that each serviceability inspection was
performed. Any significant occurrences or defects identified should be recorded to rectify
the problem and action taken by the concerned section also will be recorded in the same
logbook. For example;
 Movement area deficiencies requiring a LTCOW(LTCOW Form with serial number
provided);
 Significant safety or security events (separate Incident/Accident Form provided).
 NOTAM issued (refer to 4.1 for NOTAM Form);
 OLS infringements;
 Brief details of AEP events (more comprehensive details will be provided in a
separate report));
 Bird or animal strikes (separate Bird StrikeForm provided);
 Significant bird activity;
 Hazmat spills (separate Hazmat Form provided);
 Livestock transfers airside;
Logbook is to be retained as a permanent record of aerodrome serviceability and made
available on request for audit by authorized CAAN staff.

4.5.4.2 Communications
When driving a vehicle or on foot on the movement area all inspecting personnel shall keep
a strict lookout and radio listening watch for aircraft.
For access to the maneuvering area in a vehicle, all operations, maintenance and airline
personnel will comply with the requirements of the Airside Vehicle Control Handbook.
Refer to4.11 Airside Vehicle Control’ of this Manual for details.
While operating on the maneuvering area i.e. within taxiways, taxiway strips, runways,
runway strips and approach areas, all personnel must maintain continuous communication
with Aerodrome Control Tower. All radios other than VHF air-band transceivers must be
switched off.
4.5.4.3 Inspection Procedure and Frequency
Serviceability inspections shall be carried out as follows:

 At least twice a dayserviceability inspection of the movement area
 After heavy rainfall, strong winds or other significant phenomenon which could
reasonably be expected to effect the serviceability of the airport;
 When requested by Aerodrome Control Tower (i.e. after an abnormal landing); or
 If advised by a reliable source such as ground staff, aircraft pilot, or airline
representative, that there is a possible problem on the movement area.
4.5.4.4 Non-serviceability
Shift duty staffs who detect non-serviceability on the movement area will take the following
actions in sequence:
 Inspect the facility;
 Report the non-serviceability to Aerodrome Control Tower or other appropriate
personnel for action, as specified in 4.7 of this manual;
 Mark (if required) the unserviceable portion of the movement area;
 Repair - arrange with relevant maintenance personnel for repairs to the affected area
to be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 4.7 of this manual;
 Review the situation prior to the nominated review date/time; and
 Report to Aerodrome Control Tower if the affected area has been reinstated or
nominate a new expected duration date/time of the non-serviceability.
An unserviceable portion of a runway shall be marked in accordance with Civil Aviation
Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14). Allowance shall be made for the effect of jet
blast, RESA, and obstacle clearance in displaced threshold calculation considerations.
During daylight hours, Runway Threshold Identification Lights (RTIL) should be considered
for temporary displaced thresholds on runways 20 when used by RPT jet aircraft. RTIL
design details for the system used at TIA are shown on plans (Dwg. No. 3.4.)available from
the Electrical Section and provided in Attachment ….
4.5.4.5 Reasons for Closure of Movement Area

Reasons that justify closure of specific facilities include:

Runway
 Runway surface flooding;
 Pot holes in the runway or runway strip surface;
 Deep erosion in the runway strip surface;
 Obstacles on the runway or runway strip surface or infringing the associated
approach/take-off surfaces;
 Loose stones or other debris on the runway surface (with immediate clean up delayed);
 Excessive bird activity on a particular runway or within the approach/take-off areas of
that runway;
 Or any other reason which may affect the safety of aircraft operations (i.e. full or
partial loss of lighting system).
Normally, any condition that renders the graded portion of runway strip unserviceable also
renders the runway unserviceable.
Taxiways and Aprons

 Surface flooding;
 Pot holes in surface (if beyond the scope of immediate maintenance);
 Deep erosion of the taxiway strip surface;
 Loose stones or other debris covering the surface (immediate maintenance delayed);
 Soft surface;
 Immovable obstacles;
 Fuel or oil spills;
 Or any other reason which may affect the safety of aircraft operations (i.e. full or
partial loss of lighting system).
Note: In addition to an non-serviceability of the movement area, any non-serviceability or

damage to the PAPI system or visual ground aids that cannot be readily rectified is
to be reported. A NOTAM may be required for details of the correct reporting.
4.5.5 Technical Inspections
Technical inspections of physical facilities, airfield lighting system including PAPI shall be
performed by the respective Deputy Director (or his/her delegate) of Civil Engineering
Division and Electromechanical Division to assess the effectiveness of the daily inspections
undertaken by the Shift Duty Staff. These inspections shall use similar procedures and
checklists as used for the daily inspections. Checklist for the inspection of physical facilities
of the movement area is given in the Table 4.5.1.
Copies of each inspection report shall be held by the Deputy Director, Civil Engineering
Division for physical facilities of the movement area, and by the Chief Electrical Section,
for airfield lighting system including PAPIand these reports will be forwarded to relevant
engineers/supervisor for appropriate action where required.
4.5.6 Serviceability/Technical Inspection Trigger List

Table 4.5.1 Checklist for the Inspection of Physical Facilities of Movement Area
Routine Inspection
Operation Periodic
Special
al 0.5 1 3 6 Inspection
Facilities Inspection Items 0.25 Inspection (as Remarks
Inspection Mont Mon Mont Mo (Every
Mont per necessary)
(Daily) h th h nth Year )
h
Foreign Objects √
Surface Degradation √ √
Markings √
Rubber Deposits √
Runway √
Friction √
Fuel & Other Spillages √
Profile, Transverse √
slope& water depth
Foreign Objects √
Markings √
Taxiway Fuel & Other Spillages √ √
Profile, Transverse √
slope & water depth
Foreign Objects √
Apron √
Markings √
Fuel & Other Spillages √ √
Unpaved Foreign Objects NA
Areas Grass Growth √
(Runway Surface Condition √ √
and Surface Drainages √
Taxiway Transverse Slope
strips)
Structural √
Damage
Paved
Sedimentatio √ √
Drains
n
Grass growth √
Drainage
Structural √
Facilities
Damage
Earthen
Sedimentatio √
/Other √
n
Drains
Grass √
Growth
 NA – Not Applicable

TRIBHUVAN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

CIVIL AVIATION OFFICE
Daily Checklist for the Inspection of Physical Facilities of Movement Area
Date:……………….. Time:…………
S.N
Facilities Inspection Items Findings Remarks
.
1. Runway FOD FoundNot Found
Markings/Signage Normal Y Satisfactory Faded
Fuel and other Yes No
Spillage
2. Taxiway FOD FoundNot Found

Markings/Signage Normal Satisfactory Faded
Fuel and other Yes No
Spillage
3. Apron FOD FoundNot Found
Markings/Signage Normal Satisfactory Faded
Fuel and other Minor Excess
Spillage
Remarks:…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Inspected and Reported by:
TMD CED EMD AMD
Name:- Name:- Name:- Name:-
Designation:- Designation:- Designation:- Designation:-
Signature:- Signature:- Signature:- Signature:-
CC:
General Manager
AerodromeSafety Office

CIVIL ENGINEERING DIVISION
Weekly Checklist for the Inspection of Physical Facilities of Movement Area
Date:……………….. Time:……………
Table 4.5.1(b) Weekly Checklist for the Inspection of Physical Facilities of Movement Area
S.N. Facilities Inspection Items Findings Remarks

1. Unpaved Areas Grass Growth
(Runway and Taxiway
strips)
Surface Condition
Surface Drainage
Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
General Manager


Half-month Checklist for the Inspection of Physical Facilities of Movement Area
Date:……………….. Time:………………
Half-month Checklist for the Inspection of Physical Facilities of Movement Area

1. Drainage Paved Drains Structural Damage
Facilities
Sedimentation
Grass Growth
Earthen/Other Structural Damage

Drains
Sedimentation
Grass Growth
Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
General Manager


Monthly Checklist for the Inspection of Physical Facilities of Movement Area
Date:……………….. Time:………………
1. Runway Surface Degradation
2. Taxiway Surface Degradation
3. Apron Surface Degradation
Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
General Manager


Every three month Checklist for the Inspection of Physical Facilities of Movement Area
Date:……………….. Time:………………

1. Runway Rubber Deposit
2. Runway Runway Friction
Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
General Manager


Every six month Checklist for the Inspection of Physical Facilities of Movement Area
Date:……………….. Time:……………

1. Runway Profile, Transverse slope
and water depth
2. Taxiway Profile, Transverse slope

and water depth
Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
General Manager


Every three years Checklist for the Inspection of Physical Facilities of Movement Area
Date:…………… Time:………………

1. Runway Surface Degradation
Profile and Transverse slope
2. Taxiway Surface Degradation
Profile and Transverse slope
3. Apron Surface Degradation
Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
General Manager

Special Inspection Checklist for the Inspection of Physical Facilities of Movement Area
Date:……………….. Time:…………
Facilities Inspection Items Findings Remarks
Foreign Objects
Surface Degradation
Markings
Runway
Rubber Deposits
Fuel & Other Spillages
Profile & Transverse slope
Foreign Objects
Surface Degradation
Taxiway Markings
Profile & Transverse slope
Foreign Objects
Surface Degradation
Apron
Markings
Unpaved Foreign Objects
Areas Grass Growth
(Runway Surface Condition
and Surface Drainages
Taxiway Transverse Slope
strips)
Structural Damage
Paved
Sedimentation
Drains
Grass growth
Drainage
Earthe Structural Damage
Facilities
n Sedimentation
/Other Grass Growth
Drains
Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
General Manager
4.5.7 Annual Safety Inspection
An annual aerodrome safety inspection is required to formally establish compliance with

Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14). It shall be undertaken by a
qualified Aerodrome Safety Inspector, and/or under the direction of the Aerodrome Safety
Manager. A Safety Inspection Report shall be prepared no later than 15 months after the
previous report and submitted to CAAN within 30 days of completing the inspection.

The report shall include the most recent approach/take-off climb survey information, or a
statement indicating that there is no change to the information; and a formal narrative report
highlighting important items for attention. The report shall clearly identify whether the
airport physical and operating standards comply with Civil Aviation Requirements for
Aerodromes (CAR-14) or the formal exemptions current at the time of the report. It shall
also review the status and adequacy of this Manual.
If appropriate, the report will include advice of permanent changes to the physical condition
of the aerodrome and any amendment action required to update AIP information.

4.6 Visual Aids and Aerodrome Electrical Systems
4.6.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to detail the arrangements for the inspection and
maintenance of airport lighting and the supply of stand-by power.
The General Manager has the overall responsibility for the provision of airfield
lighting facilities and associated stand-by power generating equipment.
The Director, Technical Service Department is responsible for ensuring that

appropriate maintenance and technical inspections of airfield lighting facilities
including PAPIare carried out and recorded in accordance with the standards and the
requirements of this manual.
The Deputy Director Electro-Mechanical Divisionis responsible for carrying out and
recording the inspection and maintenance of all airfield lighting systems including
PAPI.
The Manager Electrical Section and Manager Mechanical Section are responsible
for carrying out and recording the inspection and maintenance of on-aerodrome
emergency power generation facilities associated with aerodrome lighting.
The Deputy Manager Electrical Section is responsible for carrying out visual
inspections of airfield lighting systems including PAPIto monitor serviceability and
reporting any defects detected to the Chief Electrical Section. The Supervisor may
delegate this task to shift in-charge and consequently to the operation duty staff on a
day-to-day basis.
Rule 26of CAANAirport Certificate Regulation 2004 requires the aerodrome operator
to maintain aerodrome facilities in a safe physical condition.
International standards and recommended practices applicable to aerodrome lighting

are specified in Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14), Aerodrome
Design and Operations and ICAO Aerodrome Design Manual, Part 5 – Electrical
Systems.
4.6.4 Precautions against System Failure
Airfield lighting facilities are supplied from two external feeder high voltage supplies.
In the event of failure of any one feeder another feeder will automatically supply.

Complementing this facility, there are two standby diesel generators of 1010 kVA and
900KVA. Out of these two generators one can be set as automatic power supply and in
case of failure of supply of both external high voltage feeder the auto set generator
automatically supply power to the essential power supply for aerodrome operation
within 13 seconds.
Two separate circuits are in use for runway lights. The loss of one circuit will therefore
only affect every second runway light in the system.
4.6.5 Serviceability Inspections
DeputyManager (Shift In-charge) carry out daily serviceability inspections of the

airfield lighting facilities including PAPI as part of their normal serviceability
inspections at morning before opening and night time during the aerodrome for aircraft
operations.
The Deputy Manager (Shift In-charge) will submit a fault report to the Manager.
Minor lighting defects (i.e. a single unserviceable taxiway light) are logged on the
daily check list and are not normally passed on to the Manager. These are detected and
repaired during serviceability inspections. Major fault (i.e. defects of cable/circuit) will
be repaired before night operations.
The reliable service of electrical power System and Aeronautical Ground Lighting
(AGL) systemis exemplary segment of airport facilities desired by flight operation in
TIA. This work includesAnnual Routine Maintenance of Runway Edge Lights
(REDL), Runway Threshold Lights(RTHL), Runway End Lights ( RENL), Runway
Centerline Lights (RCLL), Runway GuardLights (RGL), Runway Turn Pad Edge
Lights (RTPEL) ,Taxiway Edge Lights (TEDL), Approach Lighting System (ALS),
Sequencing Flashing Lights(SFLs)/ Runway Threshold Identification Lights (RTILs),
Illuminated Wind Direction Indicators (IWDI), Guidance Signs (mandatory,
information, location signs), Aircraft Stand Identification Signs (ASIS), ApronFlood
Lights, Aerodrome Beacon, Signaling Light Gun, Obstacle Lights, Crash Sirens,
AC/DCTower Sirens, Constant Current Regulators (CCRs), ASO, AFL Primary
cables, MV cables,Airfield Lighting Control and Monitoring System (ALCMS), AFL
DB Panels, RMUs,transformers, cabling etc. including all the components of their
power and control circuits as permaintenance schedule. For safe, secure, smooth and
reliable operation of airport, routinemaintenance of AGL system and ALCMS is very
necessary.
Routine Maintenance
For routine maintenance, we follow several daily, weekly, monthly, half-yearly and
yearlycheck up and maintain their checklists correspondingly. For routine maintenance
we followvarious methods as visual inspection, testing and perform maintenance when
required. Some ofthe checklists we use are attached in the appendices of
Civil/Electrical Maintenance Manual which is part Aerodrome Manual
Emergency Maintenance
Emergency maintenance is followed whenever there is urgent breakdown and we have
to bringthe system back to normal condition. We need to keep spare parts in a stock for
emergencymaintenance approach. The list of spare parts is already attached in the
AerodromeManual. For emergency maintenance approach, we prepare materials, tools
and manpowerrequired and then perform necessary test, examination, connection and
bring back the system tonormality.

4.6.6 Technical Inspections
Airfield lighting defects and its repairingrecords are kept in a logbook held by the
Electrical Section.The Electrical and Mechanical Managersresponsible for the power
station (Generator house) retains generator plant log for power generating equipment.
These are held in the power station. Generator logbooks showing details of inspections
and maintenance carried out are held in power stations.
4.6.7 Inspection, Installation and Maintenance of VASI system

The visual approach slope indicator systems are designed to give visual indications of
the desired approach slope. There are four standard systems, i.e. T-VASIS, AT-VASIS,
PAPI and APAPI.
But for TIA aerodrome, PAPI systems are used and installed at left side from both
directions of approaches. The PAPI approach angles of both directions are set to 3
degree. The PAPI units produce a light signal, the lower half of which is red and the
upper half of which is white. The PAPI system comprises a four-unit wing bar located
in a line at right angles to the runway. The unit nearest the runway is set higher than the
required approach angle, with progressive reduction in the setting of the units’ farther
outboard. The normal difference between the setting angles is 20 minutes of arc. The
unit setting angle and the beam elevation are the same and can be set or checked using
clinometers.
Flight Inspection
The initial flight inspection of a new PAPI system or scheduled flight inspection of
existing PAPI system is done in co-ordination with CNS P&D department head office
to confirm the correct operation of the system.Generally scheduled flight inspection of
PAPI system is carried out annually.The flight inspection will include checks of
angular coverage, individual setting angles, glide slope angle, obstruction clearance,
intensity (brilliancy) control and visibility of PAPI signals.
4.6.8 Fault Reporting System
The fault reporting and recording system that are recorded comprises the Fault
Reporting/Maintenance Register and Airfield Lighting Logbook.
4.6.9 Inventory of Airfield Lighting Facilities
An inventory of airfield lighting facilities is contained in Table 4.6.1 below.Details of

the runway and approach lighting along with the PAPI systems as required for
publication by AIS are set out in ‘Part 3 - Aerodrome Data for AIS’.

Table 4.6.1 - Inventory of Airfield Lighting
Runway 02/20 Light Specifications

REDL - High intensity runway edge LED lights White bi-directional elevated edge lights (60 m
(5 stage)- White/White-Elevated-27W-55Nos., intervals)
White/Yellow-Elevated-26W-29Nos.,
RED/Yellow-Elevated-21W-6Nos.;
White/White-Inset-53W-6 Nos.;
White/Yellow-Inset-47W-3Nos.
Yellow/Red-Inset-47W-3Nos.
Total number= 102.
RCLL - High intensity runway center line These lights are insets lights (30 m intervals)
lights (5 stage)-
White/White-Insets-25W-63 Nos.,
Red/White-Insets-17W-29Nos.,
Red- Inset-10 No.s
Total number= 102.
Runway Threshold/End Bidirectional Led light -Green colour threshold lights, Inset type at
at RWY-02 = Green/Red-Inset-60W-6Nos.; RWY 02 sides and Elevated type at RWY 20
Runway Threshold Unidirectional Led light at side. Similarly Red colour End lights, inset
RWY-02 = Green-Inset-51W-10Nos.; type at RWY-02 side.
Wingbar lights at RWY-20 = Threshold
Unidirectional halogen-elevated light- 10 Nos
Runway End light-(5 stage)- Led inset type. Red colour- inset type
RENL at RWY-20 = Red-18W-6 Nos.
Approach light- (5 stage)-200W – 161Nos. White light, Unidirectional elevated type at
RWY 02 side at 30m intervals.
CDL (Capacitor Discharge Light)- (3 stage) – 29 Unidirectional –at RWY 02 side in approach
Nos. light pole.
RTIL (Runway Threshold Identification RWY20 –Side (Two set) elevated type.
Light)– 2 Nos.
PAPI – 5 stage, 200W – 4 units x 2 lamps RWY02- RWY20 (4 Unit + 4 Unit)
Taxiway light
Taxiway Light -8 Watts-219 Nos Eleveted, 14 - Blue colour- elevated and inset type, LED
insets light
RGL – 65W – 10Nos. -Yellow color, elevated type, at TXY A,B, C,
D & E.
TXY light at turnpad RWY-02 = 8Nos , 8W Blue colour, elevated LED light at RWY-02
TXY light at turnpad at RWY-20 = 8Nos , 8W and inset LED light at RWY-20.
IWDI – 3Nos RWY-02 side, Middle of RWY &RWY-20
side
International Apron Flood Led Lights- 11 Located at the west sides of International
masts- (6*533 from Mast no. 1 to 4 aircraft stands.
8*533from Mast no.5 to 11) Lights -
Apron floodlighting is provided on the international and domestic aprons.

4.7 Maintenance of the Movement Area
4.7.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to ensure the smooth and hassle-free maintenance of
movement area so as to maintain the normal flow of aircraft operations. However the
section 4.8 dealing with aerodrome works provides a framework of process for
managing aerodrome works safely and should be read in conjunction with this section.
The General Manager has overall responsibility to ensure that movement area is
properly maintained, procedures are established and facilities/resources are provided
for the maintenance of aerodrome movement area.
TheDirector,Airport Operations Department (AOD) is responsible to establish

procedures for serviceability inspection and reporting of conditions requiring
maintenance of aerodrome movement area. He/she is also responsible to report
conditions of movement area requiring maintenance to General Manager.He is to
ensure that the movement area maintenance takes place/carried out in the result of these
reports.
The Director, Technical Service Department (TSD) is responsible for maintaining

the friction testing machine and making arrangement during friction test. Deputy
Director, Civil Engineering shall be responsible for coordinating TSD and ASO for
measuring and reporting the runway friction value in every three months or
requirement to ensure safety. The friction value shall be interpreted and recorded in
Aerodrome Manual after approval of from GM TIACAO through Deputy Director,
CED.
The Deputy Director, Terminal ManagementDivisionthe responsibility for reporting

conditions of movement area requiring maintenance to the Director, AOD and
maintains records. He/she is also responsible to coordinate with CED andEMD for the
routine maintenance works on the aerodrome movement area and to maintain close
liaison with Aerodrome Control Tower (ATC).
The Deputy Director, CEDis responsible for the establishment and implementation of
procedures for the maintenanceand water depth of movement area, to keep the
movement area fit for the aircraft operations. He/she is also responsible to ensure that
the adequate facilities and qualified Civil Engineers/Staff are deployed for the
maintenance of aerodrome movement area.
The Manager, CEDis responsible to maintain the movement area fit for aircraft
operations in coordination with the AOD/AMD. He/she is responsible for preparing
schedules of routine repair/maintenance e.g. re-painting of movement area markings
and joint/cracks filling works. He/she is also responsible for deployment of

skilled/unskilled manpower required to undertake routine maintenance works of joint

filling, re-painting of RWY, TWY and apron markings, aerodrome fencing and eroded
surface in the drainage system and to maintain record of all routine works. He/sheis
responsible to provide assistance and provide available manpower/laborin coordination
with AOD/AMD to keep movement area particularly RWY/TWY/apron strips free
from excessive vegetation.
4.7.3 Legislation & Standards
Rule 26of CAANAirport Certificate Regulation 2004 requires the aerodrome operator
to establish procedures,to provide facilities for the maintenance of the aerodrome
movement area and to keep movement area fit for aircraft operations.
The standard for the maintenance of aerodrome movement area is contained in the Civil
Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14)and ICAO, Airport Services Manual,
Part 9.
4.7.4 Inspections
The routine daily/monthly/quarterly/six monthly and annual inspections are carried out
in accordance with and as detailed in Section 4.5 of this Aerodrome Manual.
4.7.5 Procedures
Most of the maintenance works are covered in Section 4.8 of this Manual. This section
covers only those matters that are related to the daily cleaning and routine maintenance
of the movement area of the aerodrome.
4.7.5.1 Routine Maintenance Work
Routine maintenance works includes minor repair maintenance of concrete slabs/joints,

cracks in rigid pavements, small patches in flexible pavements and painting of
movement area etc. that can be carried out without disturbing the normal flight
schedule and does not require NOTAM action.
 Such routine repair/maintenance works are carried out in the result of the reports
from the Aerodrome Control Towerand/or AOD/AMD/ITM.
 All routine repair/maintenance works are to be carried out by the skilled/unskilled
staff deployed either by CED or EMD. The General Manager keeping in view the
nature of the task and on the recommendations of the concerned Department or
Division may consider contracting an experienced and qualified contractor having
resources to carry out such task.
 Such routine repair/maintenance works are to be carried out as soon as possible.
 All routine repair maintenance works shall be carried out adhering to the safety
procedures contained in Section 4.8 of this Aerodrome Manual.
 The daily maintenance of movement area especially runway, taxiway and aprons
shall be recorded in accordance with Appendix – V.
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4.7.5.2 Scheduled Maintenance Work
Scheduled maintenance works includes rubber deposit removal from the runway, repair
of cracks /joint filling, re-painting of movement area markings and replacement of
concrete slabs etc. which require NOTAM action.
 Such type of scheduled repair/maintenance work is to be carried out strictly in
accordance with the schedule of the work and as per the instructions of the CED/
EMD in coordination with AOD and FOD.
 The requirement of any special repair/maintenance work is to be evaluated by an
experienced Engineer or a private Consultant/Contractor subject to the nature and
complexity of work.
 Such scheduled repair/maintenance work may be carried out by the
skilled/unskilled staff, under official supervision, available with the CED/EMD or
by contracting an experienced and qualified contractor having resources to carry out
such task. The contract is awarded by the concerned Department or Divisionwith
the approval of the General Manager or on his behalf CED/EMD after completing
requisite/necessary formalities.
 Such scheduled repair/maintenance work is to be carried out within the stipulated
time frame.
 Such scheduled repair/maintenance works is to be suspended temporarily on the
instructions of Aerodrome Control Tower/FOD if circumstances so demand
considering the safety of aircraft operations.
All scheduled repair/maintenance works shall be carried out adhering to the safety
procedures contained in Section 4.8 of this Aerodrome Manual.
4.7.5.3 Cleaning/Maintenance of Movement Area
Paved Surfaces:
On the paved surfaces the Deputy Director, CED or his designated representative in
coordination with the Aerodrome Control Tower and/or AODshall deploy runway
sweeping machine on the runway, the portions of taxiways adjacent to the runway and
on the aprons. He may decide in consultation with other concerned not to use runway
sweeping machine on certain portions of the movement area to avoid further
deterioration of surfaces and opt for manual cleaning and deploy apron sweepers,
instead.
Un-Paved Surfaces:
Most of the time the un-paved surfaces like the outer skirts of the paved areas require
manual cleaning for which Deputy Manager, CED is to deploy the available numbers
of apron sweepers through the concerned Contractor depending upon the amount of
work and in coordination with the Aerodrome Control Tower, if required.
The requirement of dressing, leveling and compaction of any portion of movement area
is to be reported by the AOD/ITM to the CED.
To minimize the effects of bird activity during the grass cutting/tree trimming work the
CED shall coordinatewith AMD/AOD for the deployment of bird shooters.
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The CEDshall also make necessary arrangements in close coordination with the
AMD/AOD for the early removal of mounds of cut grass to avoid engine ingestion or
fire hazard.
Drainage / Removal of Wild Growth:

The CED is responsible to keep the available drains in serviceable condition and to
remove the wild growth within the aerodrome fencing. Apron labors are deployed on
regular basis inside the inner perimeter aerodrome fencing. Senior Officer /CED is
responsible for the scheduling and maintaining record of such works. He/she is also to
coordinate with the AMD/AOD to clear any choking in the drainage system beyond the
inner perimeter aerodrome fencing and for the removal of wild growth from the
adjacent areas of the aerodromesecurity fencing.
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4.8 Aerodrome Works Safety
4.8.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to describe the arrangements for the planning and safe
conduct of constructions/maintenance work on or in the vicinity of movement area that
affect the movement area and/or Obstacle Limitation Surfaces.
The General Manager has overall responsibility to ensure that the procedures are
established to maintain operational safety during the construction/maintenance works at
the movement area and for the formal approval of working plan (WP).
The Director,AOD is responsible to check and ensure that the safety aspects have been
fully considered and properly worked out in the WP for works that are to be carried out
on or in the vicinity of movement area. He is to endorse his comments for the proposed
staging of works and submit the WP for the final approval of the General Manager. He
is also responsible to inform the International NOTAM office, TIA the nature and
complexity of works to issue a NOTAM, if required.
The Director TSD or Deputy Director, CED [or the Project Director, ATCEP-PD
if work is to be carried out by the ATCEP-PD]is responsible for carrying out
aerodrome works planning, notification and technical supervision of works of the
respective department and division at the aerodrome. He/she is responsible to submit a
detailed working plan (WP) for each major work for the approval of General Manager
and issue formal Letter to Commence Work (LTCOW) for the approved WP. The
LTCOW details (amongst other items) the special precautions needed to ensure
continuity of essential services/facilities required for the safe and smooth aircraft
operations at the aerodrome. He/she is also responsible to nominate/appoint a Project
Manager / Project Officer for the works that require WP. The Manager or Senior
Officer (Senior Civil/Electrical Engineer) normally fills this position.
The Project Manager / Project Officeris responsible to provide scope and details of
work to the chief of the concerned department or division [e.g. Director, TSD or
Deputy Director, CED (or the Project Director, ATCEP-PD if work is to be carried out
by the ATCEP-PD)]and the Director, FOD for the determination of WP and prepare
and submit the detailed WP for the formal approval. He/she is also responsible to
prepare all the necessary documents required for work and obtain required
financial/administrative approval in accordance with the financial administration
Regulation (2057/2001) of CAANand maintain the record. He/she is responsible for
supervising and ensuring that works are carried out in accordance with the WP.He/she
is also responsible to make necessary coordination with all the concerned
sections/agencies and to ensure that the work is to be carried out in accordance with the
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WP/LTCOW and to maintain close liaison with the AOD/AMD for the safe operations
of aircraft.
The Deputy Director, Airside Management Division (AMD) is responsible for

coordination and maintaining records of all the major/minor construction/maintenance
works on or in the vicinity of movement area.He/she is also responsible for ensuring
that the safety related conditions and/or restrictions as mentioned in the WP/LTCOW
are fully adhered during the execution of WP. The Works Safety Officer (WSO) must
be on site during the works, and may give directions to any person associated with the
work to ensure the safety of aircraft operations.
The constructions/maintenance work on the movement area is carried out as per

procedures contained in the Financial administration Regulation (2057/2001) of CAAN
and the rules as set out in the Public Procurement Act -2063 and Public Procurement
Rules - 2064of the Government of Nepal.
The Directions contained in this Aerodrome Manual prescribe minimum safety

requirements for aerodrome works including the need for the issuance NOTAM, WP
and LTCOW and designation of a Project Manager/Project Officer and WSO.
4.8.4 Planning of Aerodrome Works
The TIACAO or ATCEP-PD or other Departments of CAAN shall carry out

anyaerodrome work on the maneuvering area either as time limited works or under the
provisions of a WP. Aerodrome works caused by unforeseen circumstances do not
require a WP if it is impracticable to prepare one in the time available. All reasonable
measures must be taken to issue a NOTAM giving the date/time for commencement of
the work with as much advance notice as possible, preferably 48 hours if this is
achievable.
Refer to Part 4 Section 4.5 of this manual and the Civil Aviation Requirements for
Aerodromes (CAR-14)for guidance in marking unserviceable areas and determining
temporary declared distances. Refer to Part 4 Section 4.1 of this manual for
information on originating a NOTAM.
4.8.5 Time Limited Works
Works that can be completed without any disruption in normal aircraft operations are
permitted without a NOTAM. Time limited works in this category include routine
repair/maintenance of pavement rolling, sweeping and cleaning, minor repairs to
pavements, maintenance of markings, markers and lights, surveys and inspections.
Personnel of CED, EMD andCOM & NAVAIDDivisionwith hand tools may be

allowed to work inside the runway strip, in coordination with Aerodrome Control
Tower, during aircraft operations under any of the following conditions;
 At all times except during air transport jet operations.
 Ground surveys associated with NAVAIDs flight calibration.
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 Personnel must remain in radio contact with Aerodrome Control Tower (on 121.9
MHz), and vacate the area immediately, if required.
 Sufficient training is to be given to the persons working on the movement area who
are not under the direct control of TIACAO.
Time limited works requiring more than 10 minutes but no more than 60 minutes, are
advised by NOTAM which states the nature of the non-serviceability, and the length of
time required to terminate work and restore the works area to normal safety standards.
The NOTAM is issued, preferably at least 48 hours prior to the proposed work, to
minimize disruption to aircrafts’ flight planning. Non-serviceability markings/markers
shall be displayed, if required.
Works that require more than 60 minutes to restore to normal safety standards are
subject to a WP except for emergency repairs.
Any take-off and approach surveys conducted from base lines established outside the
runway strip are not subject to these constraints. Following notification to Aerodrome
Control Tower and at the discretion of the Director TSD or Deputy DirectorCED, these
surveys may be carried out at any time and in any location on the baseline.
4.8.6 Working Plan (WP)
All scheduled aerodrome works, other than time limited or emergency works, will
require a WP, and an appropriate NOTAM action. In general these are works that
require partial or complete runway or taxiway closures, or will cause significant
disruption to aircraft movement and/or parking arrangements.
The WP document provides formal advice to the aviation industry and other agencies
involved in the planned arrangements for the conduct of aerodrome works. In
particular, it advises restrictions placed on aircraft operations and the works organizer
as a consequence of the works.
A WP shall be prepared for works that will have a major operational impact, or cause
disturbance to operations over an extended period.
In planning the works the Director, TSD or Deputy Director, CED or Project Director,
ATCEP-PD must consult with the organizations that may be affected. The extent and
formality of the consultation process depend on factors such as the complexity and
physical scope of the work and likely extent of disruption to normal aircraft operations.
The Project Manager/Project Officer shall consult with the Director FOD and the
Director AOD when necessary to identify operational impacts and the measures
necessary to ensure an acceptable level of aviation safety.After consultation, they will
determine the restrictions to works and to aircraft operations. The draft WP is referred
to the Director FOD and the Director AOD for final comments and submission for the
approval of the General Manager. Each WP is to be signed as approved by the General
Manager.
The WP is to be issued at least one week prior to the scheduled commencement of

work, using the standard distribution list included at the end of this Section.
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4.8.7 Record of Construction/Maintenance Work
Project in-charge and Manager, AMD shall maintain the record of work carried out on
the movement area to suit the specific needs for their sections.
4.8.8 Letter to Commence Work (LTCOW)
In addition to a WP, some aerodrome works may cause potential disruption to the
supply of essential engineering services/facilities. The Project Manager/Project Officer
shall raise a LTCOW that specifies conditions that must be observed to ensure the
maintenance of essential services with the approval of the General Manager.
4.8.9 Works Safety Officer (WSO)
The trained Civil/Electrical/Mechanical Engineers may serve as their own WSO in

most of the cases. In special cases, the General Manager has the right to nominate the
WSO separately from Aerodrome Safety Office(ASO).The specific functions of a WSO
are to:
 Ensure the safety of aircraft operations and the day-to-day safe conduct of works in
accordance with provisions of the WP.
 Ensure that the Works are notified by NOTAM and that the text of each NOTAM is
exactly as set out in the WP. The WSO must consult with the FOD for such
NOTAM.
 Supply Aerodrome Control Tower all information necessary to ensure the safe
aircraft operations during the conduct of Works on a daily basis.
 Discuss with the Works Organizer (i.e. the Contractor) and Project Manager on a
daily basis (and if required with the Deputy DirectorAMD), any matters necessary
to ensure the safe conduct of Works in relation to operational safety.
 Ensure that unserviceable portions of the movement area, temporary obstructions,
and the limits of the Works area are correctly marked and lit in accordance with the
WP.
 Ensure that vehicles and plants engaged on aerodrome works comply with the
obstacle marking and lighting standards as per Civil Aviation Requirements for
Aerodromes (CAR-14)
 or alternatively are directly under escort.
 Ensure that vehicles, plant equipment and materials not directly in use for the
Works, are parked/stored outside the movement area, and do not obstruct the
approach, takeoff or transition OLS, or interfere with radio navigational and landing
aids.
 Ensure that access routes are in accordance with the WP.
 Direct the immediate removal of vehicles, plant and personnel from the movement
area where necessary to ensure the safety of aircraft operations.
 Ensure that the movement area is safe for normal aircraft operations following
removal of markers, vehicles, plant equipment and personnel from the Work area
(must be inspected).
 Ensure that floodlighting or any other lighting required for works is shielded so as
not to represent a hazard to aircraft operations.
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 Immediately on completion of the works, the WSO is to ensure that the Reporting
Office (in most cases is the FOD/AOD) is formally advised of the date of
completion and time of cancellation of any associated NOTAM.
4.8.10 Isolation of Work Area
To warn Pilots and preclude the vehicles and personnel engaged in works from
inadvertently straying on the movement area. Working area shall be blocked from the
active part of the movement area by physical barriers. The barriers shall be
marked/painted for day and properly lit by night and if required “Follow – Me” vehicle
is to be provided to the aircraft using portions of taxiway.
4.8.11 Marking and Identification of Vehicles and Plant
Vehicles and self-propelled items of plant equipment are regarded as mobile obstacles
while they are engaged on aerodrome works.
Vehicles or plants that are regularly used on the movement area by day shall be of
conspicuous color. Vehicle warning beacon shall be amber, yellow or orange flashing
or rotating dome lights.
Vehicles or plants used on the movement area at night shall be operated with dipped
headlights and taillights, and a suitably mounted warning beacon.
WSO vehicles and others used regularly on “Time Limited Works” or otherwise
intended for use without direct supervision of WSO must be fitted with an air band
transceiver and a warning beacon.
Vehicles and plants used infrequently on aerodrome works e.g. contractor's vehicle
must be escorted at all times by the WSO.
Vehicles and plants that are confined within the limits of a marked works area are
deemed to be under WSO escort.
4.8.12 Conduct of Aerodrome Works
Only vehicles, plants, equipment, materials and personnel actually engaged on Works
are permitted on the movement area. All other vehicles, plants, equipment and
materials not engaged directly shall be parked or stored in an area designated by the
WSO. Temporary buildings, structures, materials and equipment associated with the
works should be sited or restrained so that the jet blast or strong winds cannot disturb
them. Personnel associated with the works shall not be permitted to enter the movement
area, whether on foot or while operating vehicles or plants unless authorized and
escorted by the WSO.
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4.8.13 Works Security Arrangements
The Contractors access to airside shall be through gates that controlled by the Airport
Security Police (ASP) and escorted to the work site by the WSO. Temporary airport
passes are to be arranged for contractor's supervisor/ foreman and the workers. The
contractor’s supervisor/foreman will be responsible for the persons under his control.
4.8.14 Working Plan Distribution
Director Civil Engineering, CAAN HO

AIRLINES – Domestic and International
Director FOD, TIACAO
Director, Technical Service Department, TIACAO
Director, AOD, TIACAO
Deputy Director, CED, TIACAO
Deputy Director. (EMD), TIACAO
Deputy Director, TMD, TIACAO
Deputy Director, ASO, TIACAO
Deputy Director, RFFD, TIACAO
Deputy Director, AVSEC Management Division, TIACAO
National Investigation Department Vigilance Office, Chief,TIA, if required
Metropolitan Police International Airport Security, DIG, if required
Nepal Army Engineering Directorate, TIA, if required
Directorate General of Army Aviation,if required.
4.8.15 Coordination with ATC
Real time coordination with ATC will be done by Air side management division (AMD) for
works in movement area. The duty officer can directly contact aerodrome control tower on
appropriate radio frequency.
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4.9 Apron Management
4.9.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to provide for the orderly and safe allocation of aircraft
parking bays at TribhuvanInternationalAirport. Parking bays have been designed and
marked to ensure that appropriate separation distances are maintained and that aircraft
refueling and servicing activities can be undertaken without interference to adjacent
parked aircraft.
The General Managerhas the overall responsibility to ensure that the procedures are
established and the resources are provided for theapron management at TIA.
The Shift In-charge/Duty Officer of Aerodrome Control Tower is responsible for

the day-to-day allocation of aircraft parking bays, including stand-off bays, on the
international apron with close coordination with the International Terminal
Management (ITM) and Airside Management Division (AMD).
Day-to-day parking arrangements on the domestic aprons are under the direct control
of the airlines. In special circumstances, i.e. during VVIP movements the Deputy
DirectorAMD is responsible for the allocation of aircraft parking bays at domestic
apron in close coordination withAerodrome Control Tower and Domestic Terminal
Duty Officer.
The Deputy Director,Civil Engineering Division (CED) is responsible for designing

and marking the layout of aircraft parking areas in close coordination and consultation
with AOD.
Rule 20 of the CAANAirportCertificate Regulation 2004 sets out the requirements for
apron management procedures.
Standard clearances to be maintained in the design of aircraft parking stands are

specified in Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14) Aerodrome
Apron marking standards are available in:
 Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14) Aerodrome Design and

Operations;
 ICAO Aerodrome Design Manual Part 2 – Taxiways, Aprons and HoldingBays;
 ICAO Aerodrome Design Manual Part 4 – Visual Aids; and
 ACI/IATA Apron Markings and Signs Handbook.
Refueling clearances are specified in Standard Operating Procedure of NOC.
4.9.4 Aircraft Parking Areas
There are two areas at TribhuvanInternationalAirport designated for aircraft parking

namely International and Domestic. Plans detailing these areas are issued to the
person/organization having day-to-day management responsibility for the area.
Aircraft Marshalling by ground handler and push back managed bySurface Movement
Controller (SMC) from Aerodrome Control Tower will provide guidance to aircraft if
required. Signs or pavement markings indicate pavements that are size restricted on
international apron and weight and/or size restricted on domestic apron.
On the domestic apron and other areas parking of aircraft is at pilot responsibility.
International Apron
The unit in-charge/duty officer of the aerodrome control tower provides a daily
parking bay allocation to the International Terminal Management, ITM. The
International Terminal Duty Officer informs bay allocation to the concerned airline
operator.
The airline operator or agent passes relevant aircraft parking bay information to
inbound aircraft via company VHF radio.
Engine start and push back procedures are controlled by the SMC.
Domestic Apron
The domestic airline operators control aircraft parking on the domestic aprons. The
General Manager retains the right to intervene in apron management under certain
circumstances which may include issues such as conflicts between operators,
allocation of certain parking bays for use by VIP/VVIP aircraft, relocation of aircraft
for safety reasons, etc.
The airline operator passes relevant parking bay information to inbound aircraft via
company VHF radio.
Engine start procedures are controlled by the SMC.
Total Number of Helicopter parking is 15 which is available on the east side of

Runway.
Parking in Emergencies
During an emergency, if normal parking stands are not available, the General Manager
may establish alternative positions and procedures in consultation with affected
operators.This may include parking on runways or taxiways or in areas where
pavement strengths would normally preclude frequent operations of larger aircraft.
4.9.5 Aircraft Stand Identification Sign (Bay Position Marker)
This sign indicates the number of the aircraft stand and has large black numerals
displayed on a yellow background.

4.9.6 Procedures for Handling Oversize Aircraft
All operations by aircraft larger than those normally handled at

TribhuvanInternationalAirport, or that require parking at other than designated parking
positions, require prior advice to the General Manager (or delegate) for assessment of
runway, taxiway and apron clearances and weight limitation requirements.
The General Manager may grant approval and issue directions to Directors FOD/AOD,
Chief ATS Division and the airline or ground handling agent, for taxiing, towing,
marshalling and parking of the aircraft

4.10 Apron Safety Management
4.10.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to ensure safety of men, materials, installations and
terminal buildings required to work or to be on the apron and the continued safety of
aircraft and its occupants at TribhuvanInternationalAirport. These procedures are to be
read in conjunction with the sections 4.1 and 4.11, where necessary. “TIA Ramp
Operation Procedures”is issued separately for guidance and compliance to all
personnel working at apron and is part of thisAerodrome Manual (Annex – 6).
The General Manager has the overall responsibility to ensure that the procedures are
established and the resources are provided for the safe operations on the apron.
The Director AOD is responsible to establish procedures and ensure its

implementation.
The Deputy DirectorAMD is responsible for the implementation of these procedures

and in case of an incident/accident on the apron for notifying it in accordance with
Section 4.1 of this manual.
The Deputy DirectorCED is responsible for the deployment of janitorial staff/apron

sweeper and mechanical sweeping machine for day-to-day cleaning and sweeping of
apron.
All the Airlines/Operators/Agents/Contractors are responsible for the safe and
lawful conduct of their employees required to work on apron. They are also
responsible to provide adequate knowledge of procedures in vogue and as amended
from time to time by the TIACAO.

Rule 20 of the CAANAirport Certificate Regulation 2004 requires aerodrome
operators to establish the apron safety management procedures.
Rule 27 of the CAANAirport Certificate Regulation 2004 requires aerodrome
operators to oblige their contractors and ground handling agencies to establish safety
management procedures and immediately report of any accident/incident, defects and
faults which have a bearing on safety of aircraft operations at the aerodrome.
4.10.4 Procedures
The Airlines/Agents/Contractors are required to adhere to the apron safety procedures

as established in TIAApron Operation Procedures, 2019 and TIA Apron Safety
Management Manual, 2019

4.11 Airside Vehicle Control
4.11.1 Purpose
The aim of the Airside Vehicle Control procedure is to ensure the safe airside
operation of vehicles at TribhuvanInternationalAirport. The Airside Vehicle Control
procedure is compiled as Annex 5 – TIA ApronSafety Management Manual - 2019
and Annex 6 – TIA Apron Operation Procedures - 2019.
The General Managerhas the overall responsibility to ensure that the procedures are
established and the resources are provided for the control of vehicles entering and
operating on the airside of TribhuvanInternationalAirport.
The Director AOD is responsible for ensuring that the provisions of the Ramp
Operation Procedures are implemented.
The Deputy Director,Airside Management Division has day-to-day responsibility

for ensuring that the movement of vehicles on the airside is in accordance with the
established procedures.
Companies need to operate a vehicle on the airside at TribhuvanInternationalAirport

are responsible for obtaining a Restricted Area Vehicle Pass. They are also responsible
for training of drivers to operate specific vehicle types (for example, hi-lift trucks,
pallet lifters, tugs etc.) and also for providing training of company specific
requirements (for example procedures when operating around aircraft).
Companies are responsible for issuing the relevant authority for their own vehicles and
employees and also responsible for maintaining an acceptable standard of driver
training and testing.
Airside drivers are responsible for compliance with the detailed rules set out in the
TIA Ramp Operation Procedures.
The Civil aviation Authority Act 1996 Clause 5 (V) designated CAAN as appropriate
authority for aviation security. Airport security matters are dealt in clause 21 of
CAAN Act 1996 which states the deployment of security persons.
The Civil Aviation Act 1959 Clause 10 (a) defines restricted areas at the airport.
The Civil Aviation Security Rules 1989 regulates the establishment of the Airport
Security Committee and Airport Security Programs.

The National Aviation Security Program 2004 establishes Airport Security Program
and Access Control at TIA. The Civil Aviation Rule 2058 BS Clause 76 defines
theaccess control.
The procedures to control access to the movement areas are also available in the
following documents:
 SOP for TIA Restricted Area Entry Permit Management 2016; and
 Notice published in Nepal Gazette by the Nepal Government (2052/4/8).
4.11.4 Application of Procedures
For operation at airside, each vehicle must have valid vehicle pass which must be
displayed on the vehicle. For this purpose the term vehicle includes any
motorized/power driven equipment used in aircraft servicing or maintenance.
Each driver must be approved to operate a vehicle airside on

TribhuvanInternationalAirport by the issue of an Authority to Drive Airside or shall be
escorted by Follow-me vehicle. Vehicle permits shall be issued only to those vehicles,
which need to enter restricted areas. Such vehicles are:
a. Cargo vehicles
b. Security vehicles
c. Catering vehicles
d. VVIP/VIP vehicles
e. Refueling vehicles
f. Others if authorized by the Chief of concerned Civil Aviation Offices under Civil
Aviation Authority of Nepal.
The color code of the vehicle pass specifies the areas where a driver is authorized to
operate the vehicle:
 Green - All movement areas;
 Blue - International apron; and
 Yellow - Perimeter road, Domestic apron and Fire Station
4.11.5 Driving Testing Procedure

The drivers must bear a current Airport Restricted Area Pass (ARAP) when working
airside and are required to produce their Authority to Drive Airside (ADA) and current
driver license issue by Department of Transport Management (DTM). The driving
testing procedure as per the TIA Driving Handbook-2018
4.11.6 Enforcement
SOP for TIA Restricted Area Entry Permit Management 2016 permit withdrawal or
suspension of airport pass of the person driving a vehicle on the airside for any
violation of airside driving rules.
The Deputy Director/ Deputy ManagerAMD will log any breaches of the airside
driving rules, and report them to the Director AOD so that appropriate action may be
initiated against offending drivers.
Breaches that constitute an incident require submission of an incident report in writing.

4.12 Wildlife Hazard Management
4.12.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to minimize the hazard to aircraft operations created by
the presence of birds and/or animals on or in the vicinity of the airport.
The General Manager has overall responsibility for the bird and animal hazard
management for TribhuvanInternationalAirport.
The Director AOD is responsible for ensuring the bird and animal hazard
management program is satisfactorily carried out and is also responsible for allocating
a suitable area for the transfer of livestock to and from aircraft, and will provide safety
procedure guidelines to airline companies as required.
The Deputy DirectorAMD and Deputy Manager are responsible for the day-to-day
implementation of the bird and animal hazard management.
The hunter teams deployed under AMD is responsible for bird harassment and
dispersal and is authorized to use firearms, bird scaring devices or live ammunition
while operating within the aerodrome boundary.
Rule 20 of the CAAN Aircraft Certificate Regulation 2004 requires aerodrome

operators to establish the wildlife hazard management procedures, including the
following:
 Wildlife monitoring and hazard assessment;
 Wildlife hazard notification and wildlife reduction methods.
Bird Hazards
A bird strike is an air safety incident that must be reported to the CAAN HO. The bird
strike reporting is only required if there is damage to aircraft. Aerodrome Safety Office
collects information about bird strikes at TIA for statistical purposes.
Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14)includes reference to bird

hazard reduction. Detailed guidance on the identification and assessment of bird
hazard is given in the ICAO Airport Services Manual, Part 3, "Bird Control and
Reduction."

4.12.4 Monitoring Bird Activity
Bird activity on the aerodrome will be monitored as follows:

 During routine daily serviceability inspections.
 By bird counts carried out 2 times a day by the commander of the hunter team.
 As part of the annual safety inspection.
The number of each species present on the aerodrome is to be recorded on Hunter’s

Activities Form (Appendix - G). These forms will be retained at the airport as a data
source for analysis if required.
Areas of high attraction or unusual bird activity at the vicinity of aerodrome,

particularly in the approach and take-off areas, will be monitored separately as
required.
A Bird/wildlife Strike Report Form(Table 4.1- 4.3)will be completed for each bird
strike and the carcass collected and frozen for future reference if required. The report
form will be submitted to the ATC briefing Office/AMD and will be held by the
Deputy DirectorAMD for analytical purposes. The carcass may need to be sent to a
laboratory for analysis.
All bird strikes or suspected strikes will be recorded, even if the carcass has not been
recovered.
4.12.5 Bird Control
The hunters’ team carries out harassment and dispersal of birds around the clock.
Any birds sighted adjacent to runways and runway strips and posing a threat to the
safety of aircraft operations will be immediately dispersed using bird scaring devices,
arm and ammunition. The killing of birds will only be undertaken as a last resort.
Excessive bird activity on a particular runway or within the approach/take-off areas of

the runway may require closure of the runway or raising a NOTAM to advice of
increased bird activity. If possible, it is helpful in the NOTAM to specify parts of the
airport affected. Part 4 Section 1 details the appropriate reporting procedures.
All bird harassment activities are to be logged on a Hunter’s Activities Form

(Appendix – G)and list of bird scaring devices as follow
Table 4.1 Bird Scaring Devices Tribhuvan International Airport
S.No Name of device Quantity Remarks

1. Scare Crow 2
2. Gas canon 5 (2 working)
3. Sonic Bird Repeler 3 (one working)
4. Paste Repeler 1
5. Vehicle Horn 1 Airside Vehicle
6. Airside Vehicle 1

Table 4.2ICAO Bird/Wildlife Reporting Form


4.12.6 Use of Firearms
Firearms must not be discharged on aprons, near public or aerodrome staff amenity
areas, over boundary fences or in the direction of an aircraft. They must be unloaded
when carried in vehicles or stored in the locker.Neither firearms nor ammunition will
be taken outside the aerodrome boundary (except for firearm maintenance). When not
in use, firearms must be held in the secure lockable cabinet provided.Firearms must
not be discharged from within vehicles at any time.
4.12.7 Environmental Management
Deputy Director and Senior Officers AMD who monitor wildlife activity will monitor
any obviousenvironmental attractions to birds such as nearby rubbish dumps (either
legal or illegal) wetland areas, etc. These will be reported to the Director AOD who
will determine what action should be taken.
TIA landside cleaning Contractorroutinely collects rubbish from public areas to help
remove bird attractions.
As required recommendations and/or restrictions to new developments on or adjacent

to the aerodrome to prevent bird attraction will be made by staff as necessary.
4.12.8 Animal Hazards
Animals are normally prevented from entering airside by keeping gates shut and
maintaining the integrity of the boundary fence. However, if animals do gain entry to
airside, ATC will be advised immediately and the animals removed as soon as
possible. Should the problem be beyond the scope of TIA staff, then special assistance
will be called e.g. personnel from Nepal ArmyEngineering Directorate, TIA.
TIA staff pursuing animals adjacent to the aerodrome movement areas will take
reasonable steps to ensure that their actions do not frighten animals into the path of an
approaching aircraft.
Firearms will be used only as a last resort to harass animals away from the movement
area. Public and aerodrome staff sensitivities are always to be considered and animals
will not be destroyed unless there is immediate danger to essential facilities or to the
safety of an aircraft.

4.13 Obstacle Control
4.13.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to ensure that suitable provisions are made to monitor,
control and notify the erection of temporary and/or permanent structures that may have
any impact on aircraft operations and to protect Obstacle Limitation Surfaces (OLS)
within and in the vicinity of TIA.
The General Manager has overall responsibility for ensuring that the procedures are
established and resources are provided to monitor and notify the presence of obstacles
to HQ CAAN, and to control the erection of temporary and permanent structures in the
vicinity of the TIA. He/she is also responsible to issue legal notices to the owner and/or
occupants of the building/structure violating OLS established in accordance with the
Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14).He/she is also responsible to
complete legal requirements/formalities to remove or lower to a safe operational height
in consultation with his legal advisor.
The Director, AOD is responsible for establishing procedures and ensuring

implementation to monitor and notify the presence of obstacles to the General
Manager, and to control the erection of temporary and permanent structures in the
vicinity of the TIA in accordance with the OLS established as per the Civil Aviation
Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14). He/she is also responsible for maintaining
record of obstacles, measures taken to control and no objection certificate/letter
(NOC/L) issued by the CAAN HO.
The Deputy Director, CED is responsible for monitoring OLS within the TIA. They
are responsible for monitoring published information relating to obstacles (i.e.
arranging approach and take-off surveys, normally done as part of the annual safety
audit/inspection, and for Type A chart surveys).They are also responsible of obstacle
survey, forwarding of data to AIS, periodicity of survey etc.
Clause 7 (1) (d) of the Civil Aviation Authority Act 1996 empowers CAAN to prohibit,
restrict or remove any structures and/or objects (mobile or immobile) that may cause
obstruction or hazard to aircraft operations.
Definitions and standards for the establishment of the OLS are contained in theCivil
Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14), Part-1, Aerodrome Design and
Operations.
The separate functions of the OLS and PANS-OPS surfaces are explained in the ICAO
Airport Services Manual Part 6 "Control of Obstacles."

Details of the surfaces used to account for obstacles in instrument procedure designs
are contained in the ICAO document "Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Aircraft
Operations (PANS-OPS), Volumes I and II.
4.13.4 Obstacle Monitoring
Inside the Aerodrome

Unauthorized structures/obstructions of temporary or permanent in nature moveable or
immovable are prohibited. Any such structures/obstructions detected during routine
inspection by theDeputy Directors of TMD,AMD and CED is to be reported to the
Director AODand Aerodrome Control Tower (if it is not known to him/her). The
Director AOD will direct the Airline Operator/Agent of concerned obstruction/structure
to remove such obstruction from the movement area. If it is on the aerodrome but
outside the movement area the case is to be forwarded to the concerned authority and
the local administration is to be informed. The Administration Division will inform in
writing to the General Manager for administrative action.
Outside the Aerodrome

The Deputy Director of Civil Engineering Division and his/her officials shall monitor
the OLS and critical PANS-OPS surfaces outside the aerodrome. For which he/she is to
carry out detailed inspection in every four month of a year.If a temporary obstacle is
erected without the approval and detected during the inspection he/she is to:
 Immediately advise Aerodrome Control Tower and the Director FOD of the
obstacle;
 If the obstacle is on aerodrome land, have it removed immediately, if off
aerodrome land, attempt to negotiate through the General Manager and the
concerned authority for its removal or to lower its height below the OLS/PANS-
OPS surfaces so that published runway information is not affected and inform the
Director FOD;
 If negotiations fail:
- Advise the Legal Advisor who will initiate subsequent actions in accordance
with Clause 7 (1) (d) of the Civil Aviation Authority Act 1996;
- Advise the Administration Department to serve a legal notice and complete
necessary legal formalities.
- If the obstacle is infringing a take-off or approach splay, the Deputy
DirectorCED will discuss the issue with the Director FOD. The Director FOD
will determine the operational requirements for runway-in-use and whether
alternatives are available. If the runways are operationally required, calculate
and mark off the reduced runway length available (displaced threshold) and
initiate a NOTAM action.
- If the obstacle is infringing any other part of the OLS/PANS-OPS surfaces,
the Director FOD will advise International NOTAM office, TIA to initiate a
NOTAM action with a description of the obstacle, height above mean sea
level, magnetic bearing and distance from the runway thresholds 02 and 20
(start of take off point), and surface infringed.
- Once the obstacle is removed, the Director AOD will advise the Director FOD
and Aerodrome Control Tower. The CED will remove all temporary markings
and the FOD/International NOTAM office, TIA takes NOTAM action to
cancel the previously issued NOTAM.

Any apparently new permanent obstacles detected during the inspection should be
jointly assessed by AOD, FOD and CEDand surveyed by the CED technical staff as
soon as possible to determine the extent of the infringements and changes to be
published. If they exceed the limits specified in the Civil Aviation Requirements for
Aerodromes (CAR-14), Aerodrome Design and Operations the CED is to:
- Immediately advise the Aerodrome Control Tower and the FOD of the obstacle;
- Advise the General Manager to serve a legal notice and complete necessary legal
formalities/action.
- The FOD is to initiate subsequent actions to issue a NOTAM and advise
International NOTAM Office at TIA.If the changes are significant, a copy of this
advice is to be forwarded to the Director General, CAAN.
4.13.5 Operational versus Design Surfaces
The FOD/AOD/CED should note the distinction between Operational and Design
surfaces.
Operational surfaces are used for temporary obstacle assessment and reflect today’s
runway configurations. The OLS plan in the AOD/FOD is based on operational
standards and should therefore be used for assessment of temporary obstacles only.
Design surfaces are used for determining allowable heights of permanent obstacles and
take into account the ultimate development of the airport including extensions to, or
additional runways. Runway 02/20 take-off directions are catered for, in the design
surfaces.
4.13.6 Procedure to Obtain Approval
AnApproval Letter or No Objection Certificate is issued by the CAAN HO and is

required for construction of a building or erection of structure within and in the vicinity
of TIA. All building plans/structures shall be in confirmation with the height restriction
as specified in theCivil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14), Aerodrome
Application Procedure to Obtain Approval Letter
An application is to be submitted in the office of DG, CAANHO directly or in the

office of the General Manager, TIACAO which shall include following information
duly verified by the Department of Survey,Nepal:
a. Elevation / Height above mean sea level of the proposed building site,
b. Proposed height of the building to be constructed / structure to be erected,
c. Location of the proposed building site marked on a 1:25000 Map with reference
to the TIA,
d. Topographic Map including WGS co-ordinate of the proposed site and
e. Bearing and distance of the proposed building site from aerodrome reference
point of TIA.
All the applications submitted in the office of the General Managerwill be forwarded to
the Director General, CAAN for processing. The Deputy Director General – 1 (DDG-1)

or his designated representative will physically inspect the location/site of the proposed
building / structure and verify the actual location with that given in the application. In
case of no infringement, the application will be forwarded for formal approval by the
Director General and AL/NOC will be issued.
In case of any infringement of OLS, the application will be returned to the concerned
applicant for necessary rectification/alteration and resubmission.
In case, the proposed building/structure site is beyond the areas of OLS as specified in
theCivil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14), Aerodrome Design and
Operations, and is essentially required to be constructed / erected, the same is to be
forwarded to the General Manager, TIACAO for his/her comments.The FOD will also
assess the application (he/she may require input from AMD and CED) and forward the
same with his comments to the DG,CAAN HOthrough the GM TIACAO for the grant
or refusal of AL/NOC.
An Exemption / Waiver may be granted by the CAAN HO with the restriction /

conditions as deemed appropriate and Approval Letter/No Objection Certificate will be
issued by the DDG-1, CAAN HO.
4.13.7 ICAO Type - A Chart
ICAO Type - A Chartis produced for runways 20/02. The current edition of the chartis
published in AIP (7th Edition). Generally, the chartis updated on as and when required
basis, when a permanent obstruction is observed. It is made available to operators on
request. Currently the following operators and organizations are on the distribution list
for updated ICAO Type - A Chart and any amendments thereto:
 All operational Airlines
 FOD
 AOD
 CED
 CAAN
 Jeppeson

4.14 Removal of Disabled Aircraft
The Disabled Aircraft Removal Plan is issued as a separate document which in

turn forms Annex 3 to this Manual and is a component of the Manual.
4.14.1 Purpose
The aim of the Disabled Aircraft Removal Plan is to provide for an efficient,
coordinated response to quickly and safely remove an aircraft that has caused
temporary closure of a runway, taxiway or affected the OLS.
These procedures are intended to deal solely with disabled aircraft within the
aerodrome boundary only after the requirements of the AEP relevant to the aircraft
incident or accident have been completed.
The General Manager has overall responsibility for the Disabled Aircraft Removal
Plan at the TIA.
For minor incidents, the General Manager is responsible for controlling and
coordinating the response for removal of a disabled aircraft. This may require liaison
with the airline or aircraft operator and the Flight Safety Standard Department of
CAAN and/or Metropolitan Police Tribhuvan International Airport Security Office (if
involved) to obtain a clearance to remove the aircraft.
In the event that the General Manager is not available the Director FOD will undertake
these responsibilities.
For accidents of a more serious or protracted nature, the General Manager has
responsibility for coordinating the removal of the aircraft and returning the aerodrome
to full operational status.
The Director AOD is responsible for notifying ATC of disabled aircraft (if ATC are
not already aware) and raising an appropriate NOTAM. He/she is also responsible for
ensuring that any unserviceable portions of the maneuvering area are correctly marked,
in accordance with Civil Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14), to provide
for safe aircraft operation on the remaining usable areas.
Aerodrome Control Tower will initiate activation of the Disable Aircraft Removal
Plan if advised of an immobilized aircraft by the pilot.
RFFS may be required to remain on standby to assist with operations, especially when
de-fuelling is required.
The Aircraft Owner, defined as the holder of the certificate of registration, is

responsible for the aircraft removal and disposal of fuel and other hazardous materials

that have been spilt as a result of the incident/accident.Prior approval for aircraft
removal may be required from either Flight Safety Standard Departmnt/CAAN and/or
from the General Manager for accidents of a more serious nature that require on-scene
investigations.
TheFlight Safety StandardDepartment of CAANis responsible for the initial

investigation of all aircraft accidents and incidents involving civil aircraft operations.
If the department elects to conduct an on-scene investigation, a disabled aircraft cannot
be removed from the movement area until authorized by the CAANFlight Safety
StandardDepartment
The Airport Security (if involved through activation of the AEP), in conjunction with
the Aviation Security Department of CAAN, authorizes the removal of a disabled
aircraft when their on-scene investigation has been completed.
If an emergency involves a Army aircraft, the Directorate General Army Aviation

authorizes its removal including any dangerous cargo on the aircraft.
Rule 20 of the CAANAirportCertificate Regulation 2004 requires aerodrome operators

to establish the procedures for the removal of disabled aircraft from the movement
area.
International recommendations for the removal of disabled aircraft are described in the
ICAO Airport Services Manual, Part 5.
4.14.4 Immediate Operational Considerations and Actions
The following criteria are to be used for determining the availability of runways
affected by a disabled aircraft:
 If the aircraft is within 75 m of the runway centerline, revised declared distances
must be provided.
 If the threshold requires displacement it will be marked in accordance with Civil
Aviation Requirements for Aerodromes (CAR-14) and revised declared distances
calculated.CED is responsible for displacement of Threshold as directed by
FOD/ATS unit.
Aerodrome Control Tower:

 Notify the RFFS.
 Notify the DirectorFOD/ChiefATS/AreaControlCenter (ACC) and Terminal
Duty Officer.
 Determine estimated time of arrival (ETA) of all aircraft requiring use of the
closed runway.
 Determine latest time for affected aircraft to divert.
 Notify CAAN Flight Safety Standard Department of:
- Aircraft identification and type.
- Nature of aircraft non-serviceability.
- Location of aircraft.
- Section of the maneuvering area affected.

- Person on Board (POB).

- Other aircraft likely to be affected by a prolonged non-serviceability of the
maneuvering area.
Terminal Management Division :

 Confirm the Director FOD is aware of the details.
 Notify the General Manager.
 Notify the Deputy DirectorAMD.
 Advise aircraft owner/airline operator.
The Director Flight Operation Department

The Director FOD will:
 Complete AEP duties before becoming involved with the removal.
 Inform the Aerodrome Control Tower of the location, nature and extent of the
accident with emphasis on the operational viability of the maneuvering area.
 Arrange NOTAM action if applicable in accordance with the requirements of
Part 4 Section 4.1 of this manual.
4.14.5 Aircraft Removal
When a disabled aircraft is removed from the aerodrome maneuvering area it shall be
taken to a location, and by a route, approved by the General Manager.
If removal is delayed or is progressing at an unacceptable rate, the General Manager,

as advised by ATC, will remove the disabled aircraft at the owner/operators expense
and risk. Prior to doing so, the General Manager will request the owner to complete
the indemnity release at Section 4.14.6 below.
Aircraft Owner/Airlines Operator

When advised of a disabled aircraft, the Owner/Airlines Operator should:
 Liaise with the General Manager.
 Consider contingency planning for aircraft removal as soon as practicable
following its release by the CAAN Aviation Safety Department.
Air Safety Requirements

All concerned agencies are required to cooperate with and provide all reasonable
assistance to CAANFlight Safety Standard Department should an on-scene
investigation be necessary.

4.15 Handling of Hazardous Materials
Hazardous materials emergencies are dealt with in the context of the TIA AEP which
forms Annex 2 to, and is a component of, this Manual.
4.15.1 Purpose
This aim of these procedures is to ensure the safe handling of hazardous materials or
dangerous goods on aerodrome, including:
 Explosives,
 Compressed gases,
 Flammable liquids and solids,
 Oxidizing Materials and Organic Peroxide,
 Toxic and infectious substances,
 Radioactive materials,
 Corrosive liquids and
 Miscellaneous dangerous goods (e.g. magnetized material).
The procedures are intended to ensure both public safety and the continued safety of
aircraft operations.
The General Manager has overall responsibility for establishing procedures to ensure
the safe handling of hazardous materials at the TIA.
The Director FOD in prior coordination with the Director AOD is responsible for
designating appropriate parking areas for aircraft transshipping explosives.
In the course of their normal day-to-day airside surveillance, Deputy DirectorAMD is

responsible for limited monitoring of the movement of hazardous materials on airside
(when such movement is known to him/her).
Each Organization involved in air freighting hazardous materials is responsible for

compliance with dangerous goods provisions, adopting correct procedures for
packaging, storage and their transfer between aircraft and landside facilities.
For explosive Freight Forwarders are responsible for advising the Deputy Director
AMD or the Deputy Director, Terminal Management Divisionon each occasion that
hazardous materials are to be transshipped, together with a copy of the CAAN
instrument authorizing the transshipment.
Airlines are responsible for warning and screening passengers in regard to the unlawful
carriage of hazardous materials.

CAAN Flight Operations Requirements (FOR), Third Edition 2005 provides the detailed
requirements applicable to the transport of dangerous goods or hazardous materials on
civilian aircraft, or on foreign aircraft within the territory of Nepal.The CAAN FOR
2005 contains a listing of materials classified as dangerous goods. This is drawn from
the ICAO Doc 9284 – AN/905 "Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of
Dangerous Goods by Air." The list includes substances that may be transported without
reference to CAAN provided the technical requirements of the requirements are
complied with, and items that are forbidden without the express approval of CAAN.
IATA produces the “Dangerous Goods Regulations” which covers the classification of
dangerous goods that may be transported by air and special procedures required.
Flammable liquids are required to be handled in accordance with the regulation of

Nepal Oil Corporation,"Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code."
This Section is to be read in conjunction with Part 4 Section 4.3 of this Manual, which
details the procedures to be adopted should there be an accident or incident
involvinghazardous materials.
The Airport Emergency Plan (Annex 2 to this Manual) has been developed taking
account of the ICAO "Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving
Dangerous Goods" (Doc 9481-AN/928).
4.15.4 CAAN Contact
The CAAN Contact for advice on the air transportation of dangerous goods is the
Deputy Director, Flight Operation Division and Director,Flight Safety Standard
Department.
4.15.5 Hazardous Materials Storage
Aviation Fuel
Aviation fuel Jet-A1is stored in 6 nos. of mild steel cone roofed vertical storage tank
and 8 nos. of mild steel cylindrical undergroundstorage tank at Nepal Oil Corporation
Ltd. compound located at the south side of the International Apron.
Aviation Fuel Capacity
Underground Tanks 8 x 70,000 = 560,000 Ltrs.

Vertical Tanks 3 x 760,000 = 2,280,000 Ltrs.
Vertical Tanks 3 x 1,600,000 = 4,800,000 Ltrs.
Total Capacity of Tanks = 7,640,000 Ltrs.
Other Hazardous Materials

No other hazardous materials covered by these procedures are stored permanently on
airport. Temporary storage pending consignment by air is the responsibility of the
Flight Safety Standard Department (FSSD)

4.15.6 Handling Procedures
Aviation Fuel
The stored Jet-A1 Aviation fuel is dispensed to aircraft by mobile re-fueler (Bowsers)at
the International and Domestic aprons.
During fuelling operations the provisions of Regulations of NOC and the concerned
airlines shall beapplied. When not in use, mobile tankers and other dispensing
equipment are to be stored in an area meeting the requirements of State Standards.
Explosives
Refer to Section 4.15.8 Operational Safety Policy for Transfer of Explosive Cargo for
details.
Other Hazardous Materials

For the shipment of non-routine hazardous materials the following criteria will be
considered when allocating an area for the procedure:
 Drainage flow;
 Clearance distances from other aircraft, the public, buildings and equipment;
 Possible effects of spillages and drifting vapors if containers are punctured; and
 Possible effects to pavement surfaces and other adjacent facilities.
4.15.7 Operational Safety Policy for Transfer of Explosive Cargo
Introduction
Transfer of explosives between aircraft and transport vehicles may only takeplace at the
aerodrome in accordance with the following procedures.
Approval
All airline operators and freight forwarders must seek approval from the General
Manager prior to carrying explosive cargo through the aerodrome. Approval must be
sought at least two working days in advance of the proposed shipment. In seeking
approval, the Airline Company or shipper shall provide the following information to
the General Manager, TIACAO:
 Date and time of expected arrival and departure
 Category of movement (International or Domestic)
 Type of aircraft (and flight number if appropriate)
 Airline Coordinator and contact telephone number
 Number and type of vehicles involved in the explosive transfer
 Type and quantity of explosive
 A copy of the CAAN approval
CAAN Approval
Approval to carry explosives by air must first be obtained from the Civil Aviation
Authority of Nepal by the Airline Operator. A copy of the CAAN approval must be
given to the General Manager, TIACAO.
ICAO/IATA Compliance

The Airline Operator is to ensure that the flight and cargo comply with all the
requirements of ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous
Goods by air and the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.
Safety Distances
Airline Operator should maintain adequate safe distances from other airport
facilities/aircraft and explosive laden aircraft at the aerodrome.
Preferred Aircraft Parking Positions

The preferred aircraft parking positions for aircraft transshipping explosives will be
determined by the Management. ATC operational requirements will usually dictate the
selection of the parking position.
The aircraft and any vehicles or equipment associated with the cargo transfer may
require an escort. Any directions given by the officer carrying out the escort must be
complied with.
Alternative Parking
Should operational considerations dictate that the preferred parking positions are
unsuitable the Deputy DirectorAMD will select another site in conjunction with the
Director FOD and ATC.
General Requirements
Standard safety and security measures will apply to all staff involved in the transfer
operation.
These requirements include:

 Only vehicles involved in the explosive transfer are to be brought airside.
 Personnel, vehicles and handling agent equipment will be subject to escort
formalities and will hold short of the maneuvering area until the transfer is ready
to commence.
 Personnel involved in the explosive transfer are to display a valid airport pass or
valid visitor pass. Visitor passes may be arranged by contacting the Terminal
Duty Manager or the Senior Officer at ITM.

4.16 Low Visibility Operations
[NOT APPLICABLE]
This section is not applicable because TIA is having only non-precision approach
runway.

4.17 Protection of Sites for Radar and Navigational Aids
4.17.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to ensure there shall be no interference to the operation
of RADAR and Radio Navigation Aids (NAVAIDs) at the aerodrome caused by the
erection of structures, or work activities within the vicinity of NAVAIDs or associated
cabling.
The General Manager has overall responsibility to ensure that procedures have been
established for the safe operations of Radar and NAVAIDs. He/she is also responsible
for establishing procedures to ensure that activities under his/her direct or indirect
control do not have an adverse impact on the safe operation of radar and NAVAIDs
The Director, Technical Services Department (TSD) is responsible for the safe
operations of Radar and NAVAIDs at TIA. He/she is also responsible for establishing
and implementing procedures for the protection of Radar and NAVAIDs sites
(NAVAIDs protected areas) and associated facilities, cabling, utilities, etc.
The Deputy Director, COM & NAVAID Divisionis responsible for the coordination
and control of activities within the protected areas of NAVAIDs that are likely to
interfere performance of these facilities. He/she is also responsible for the physical
protection of its Radio Navigational Aids and maintenance of off-aerodrome
NAVAIDs.
The Deputy Director, Radar Surveillance Division (RSD) is responsible for the
physical protection and maintenance of on-aerodrome radar.
The Deputy Director, CED/Project Director, ATCEP-PD or any Project In-charge

controlling work activity on the aerodrome is responsible for coordinating with the
Director, TSD and the Deputy Director COM and NAVAID Division of any works
proposals that may affect the operation of RSD or COM & NAVAID on the aerodrome,
including any cables associated with the facilities.
Metropolitan Police International Airport Security Guard Office and Nepal Armyare
responsible to provide security function of TIA audits facilities including RADAR and
Radio Navigational Aids.
ICAO Annex 10 Aeronautical Telecommunications

4.17.4 Works Planning and Coordination
The Deputy Director, CEDor Project Director, ATCEP-PD or any Project

Manager/Officer has responsibility for aerodrome works to give prior notification to the
Directors TSD, FOD and AOD of:
 Work activities in the vicinity of RSD and COM & NAVAIDat TIA which might
affect the signals to / from these facilities; and
 Proposed excavation work within 3m of cables associated with the facilities.
This advice may be either verbal or provided formally during the planning stage of any
major or minor work within or in the vicinity of the protected areas of RSD and COM
& NAVAID.
The Designated Project Manager/Officer is responsible for the preparation of a Letter

to Commence Work (LTCOW) or a Working Plan (WP) for any activity that may
affect aircraft operations by causing interference with the Radar or NAVAIDs, or its
signal to aircraft. Planning for such work will include input from the Directors TSD,
FOD and AOD.
The Director TSD shall ensure that the work activities do not cause any interference
with the performance ofRSD and COM & NAVAID and establish any restrictions
and/or conditions necessary for the protection and continuous operations of such
facilities. He/she is also responsible to ensure display of appropriate warning signs in
the protected areas of RSD and COM & NAVAID.
The Director TSD is to ensure that the vehicles and machinery shall not enter in the
protected areas of RSD and COM & NAVAID and to establish any restrictions and
conditions necessary for the movement and control of persons and machinery involved
in the work.
The Deputy Director, CED / Deputy DirectorEMD shall ensure that the work is to be
carried out in accordance with the LTCOW and ensure strict compliance of all the
restrictions and conditions imposed by the Director, TSD and Director, FOD.
The Works Project In-charge and WSO shall ensure that all persons involved in works
on the aerodrome understand and comply with the restrictions imposed to protect the
Radar, NAVAIDs, and associated cables. This applies to staff, sub-contractors, and any
other organizations required to carry out work at TIA.
Only the authorized Vehicles and Plants shall enter the Radar and NAVAIDs restricted
areas.
4.17.5 Maintenance Works affecting RADAR and Radio Navigation Aids
All TIACAOstaffand staff of the contractors are required to abide by the security
arrangements established by the TIACAO for obtaining airside access. Refer to Part 4,
Section 4.2 of this Manual for further details.
The Deputy DirectorCED/Deputy Director, EMD will contact Aerodrome Control

Tower where maintenance works may affect NAVAID signals. He/she shall notify the

works affecting the NDB, VOR/DME and/or RADAR to the Director TSD and the
Director FOD at least 48 hours (where possible) prior to the commencement of any
non-schedule work. This will allow International NOTAM office, TIA/FODa time to
issue a NOTAM and to arrange by TSD qualified personnel to be in attendance to de-
activate or activate the facilities, if so required. Temporary de-commissioning of
NAVAIDs for aerodrome works is permitted only in VMC (ceiling not less than 1500-
ft/450 m and 5 km visibility).He/she is responsible for deploying manpower and
machinery required for mowing / ground maintenance in the protected areas of
NAVAIDs and RADAR.
The Deputy Director COM and NAVAID Division is responsible to monitor and report
to the Director, TSDa wild growth and unauthorized work activity in the protected
areas of NAVAIDs. He/she is also responsible to provide a technician from
his/herdivision to ensure that NAVAID can be turned off when so required during any
work activity (not in IMC or if flight-testing is in progress) and remain in R/T contact
with the Aerodrome Control Tower.
The Deputy DirectorRADARandRadar Data Processing System (RDPS) Division is

responsible for monitoring any unauthorized work activity in the protected area of
RADAR and report to the Director, TSD.
As a guide in preparing for minor maintenance activity, work within the following
areas can be expected to cause interference with the relevant NAVAID:
VOR/DME - within 150 m radius circle of the VOR.
Any other major works or works involving a large amount of equipment, or tall
equipment should be referred to the Director TSD and the Director FOD for advice on
the affect on NAVAIDs.
The Chief AVSEC Division and his/her staff on behalf of the General Manager are the
authorized officers to stop any unauthorized work activity in the protected areas of
NAVAIDs and RADAR respectively.
4.17.6 Aerodrome Radar and Navigation Aids: Clearance and Locations
The Deputy DirectorCED is responsible to install appropriate warning signboards near

the Radar and/or Radio Navigational Aids for the radiation effects harmful to public
and/or animals in consultation with the Director, TSD.
RADAR
No obstruction, building, etc. higher than the RADARantenna platform level is
permitted up to a distance of150 m (500 ft) from antenna location.No building, fence,
overhead power line, etc.is permitted which subtends a vertical angleof more than 0.5 0
as measured and at a distanceupto500 m (1500 ft) from the antenna platform.
VOR/DME
No obstruction such as buildings, trees, fences, etc. which subtends a vertical angle of
more than 30 from the VOR/DME antenna permitted up to a distance of 150 m (500 ft).
 Single tree of moderate size i.e. 30 ft may be tolerated beyond 250 ft.
 No group of trees which subtends a vertical angle greater than 40 or within 500'.
 No structure which subtends a vertical angle greater than 2.40 situated within 250 ft.
Transmitting Station
No construction within 500 ft around Tx. Station is permitted.

No building, fence, power line, etc. which subtends a vertical angle greater than 1 0 as
measured from the site is permitted up to1500 ft.
NDB
No specific sitting requirement. NDB antenna should be well clear of and higher than
the trees and buildings in its immediate vicinity.

4.18 REPOERTING OF RUNWAY SURFACE CONDITION
4.18.1 Purpose
The aim of these procedures is to ensure that the aerodrome staff is equipped enough to meet
the requirement of new global reporting system and format for assessing and reporting runway
surface conditions applicable as of 05 November 2021.
4.18.2 Responsibility
The General Manager has overall responsibility for ensuring that procedures are established
and trainings & resources are provided for assessment and reporting of percentage of coverage
and depth of contaminant for each third of runways in order to ensure that CAA standards are
met.
The Director, AOD is also responsible for ensuring that procedures are established and
trainings & resources are provided for assessment and reporting of percentage of coverage and
depth of contaminant for each third of runways in order to ensure that CAA standards are met.
The Deputy Director, Civil Engineering Division(CED) is also responsible for ensuring that
procedures are established and trainings & resources are provided for assessment and reporting
of percentage of coverage and depth of contaminant for each third of runways in order to
ensure that CAA standards are met
The Shift Incharge of CED, AMD and EMD has the responsibility for ensuring that, when
required, runway surface assessment are satisfactorily carried out and that appropriate actions/
reporting takes place as a result of those assessments and as per reporting protocol. He is also
responsible for collection of data, production of RCR, dissemination of information to
ATS/AIS, and timely updating of RCR. He is also responsible for coordination with other
stakeholders such as ATS, Meteorology, airlines and aircraft operators.
The AIS Officer is responsible for publication and updating of RCR report in SNOWTAM
format as given in Appendix V to this section.

ICAO Anex-14 Aerodrome Design and Operations and ICAO Doc 9981 PANS Aerodrome
requires the aerodrome operator to assess aerodrome surface conditions and disseminate such
information through the relevant SNOWTAM/ATS/AIS.
As per ICAO Anex-14 Aerodrome Design and Operations and ICAO Doc 9981 PANS
Aerodrome part II the aerodrome operator is expected to Develop procedures for the collection
of data, production of RCR, dissemination of information to ATS/AIS, and updating of RCR.
It also requires aerodrome operator has to identify personnel who would be responsible for
GRF related tasks and these personnel are adequately trained.
This section is based on the CAAN guidance material on GRF for Aerodrome Operator
(Aerodrome Advisory Circular 021 dated Nov 11, 2020)
4.18.4 Runway Surface Condition Reporting
Shift In charge of CED, EMD and AMD are assigned as RCR assessorwho are assigned
evaluates the runway surface conditions whenever water, damp, wet and frost are present on
an operational runway and assigns a runway condition code (RWYCC) along with a
description of the runway surface for use by the flight crew for airplane performance
calculations.
RCR assessor shall report RWYCC for each third of the runway assessed and shall ensure that
the assessed information is provided to the AIS/ATS in the correct format and subsequently
must report significant changes without any delay to AIS/ATS.
The information so reported shall be compliant with the RCR which consists of aeroplane
performance calculation section and situational awareness section as outlined in CAA
(Aerodrome Advisory Circular 021 dated Nov 11, 2020)
(RCR assessor) shall initiate updating RCR when a change in the runway surface condition
used in the runway condition report is considered significant. The significant change shall be
considered whenever there is any change in the RWYCC, any change in contaminant type, any
change in reportable contaminant coverage, any change in contaminant depth and any other
information, for example a pilot report of runway braking action, which according to
assessment techniques used, are known to be significant. Refer to CAA (Aerodrome Advisory
Circular 021 dated Nov 11, 2020) for coverage of contaminant and its depth.

5. Aerodrome Administration
5.1 Organization Structure
Tribhuvan International Airport Civil Aviation Office (TIACAO) is an entity directly

under CAAN, which is responsible for operation and maintenance of the TIA.
TIACAO has505 permanent staff. Organization structure of TIACAOispresented in
Appendix- C. The General Manager of TIACAO is the chief executive officer.
5.2 Names, Roles and Contact Numbers of Person(s) Responsible
List of names, designations, Department, Division, Section,Units and phone numbers of

the key officials referred to in the TIA Aerodrome Manual (TIA AM) who has overall
responsibility for aerodrome safety isprovided in Appendix – D.
5.3 Airport Committees
Following committees are established within TIACAO:
 TIAAirport Security Committee;

 TIA Facilitation Committee.
 Tribhuvan International Airport Bird Control Coordination and Implementation
Unit (TIA-BCCIU):
(Compositions of Committee is described in Appendix-M)
 TIA Runway Safety Team
(Compositions of Team is described in Appendix-N)
 Safety Review Board (SRB)
(Compositions of Board is described in Appendix-O)
 Safety Action Group (SAG)
(Compositions of group is described in Appendix-P)
Compositions of these Committees are described in TIA Security Plan (Annex - 1) and
TIA Emergency Plan (Annex - 2) documents respectively which form parts of this
Manual.

6. Non – Standards Items and Exemptions

6.1 Non-Standard Items
Not Applicable
6.2 Exemptions
The following table summarizes the current exemptions for the

TribhuvanInternationalAirport that have been issued by the Civil Aviation Authority of
Nepal. The complete text of each exemption is also included below.
S.N TIACAO Ref., Description of Exemption CAAN Letter Ref., Approval of Exemption
1. ASO/075/76-55 ASSD 075/76/202
Dated:01 March 2019 Dated :03 May 2019
Findings: Ref no. : AM-02 – The extent of Operation of TIA without required extent of
runway strip beyond runway 20 end and its Runway strip beyond Runway 20 end and
width does not comply to the requirements set its width.
forth in CAR-14, Part I
Period of exemption: 5 years(3 May2019 to
Period: 5 Years (3 May 2019 to 2 May 2024) 2 May 2024)
2. ASO/075/76-55 ASSD 075/76/202
Dated:01 March 2019 Dated :03 May 2019
Findings: Ref no. : AM-011 – Inadequate Operation of TIA with inadequate

Separation between runway and parallel separation between runway and parallel
taxiway. taxiway.
Period: 5 Years (3 May 2019 to 2 May 2024). Period of exemption: 5 years(3 May 2019 to
2 May2024)
Eighth Edition, 2019 Page 6 - 1

Appendix –A
Distribution List and Record of Copies of the Aerodrome Manual
The total number of copies of this manual produced for use by staff and other users of the
aerodrome is shown below. One printed copy of the manual has been designated as the “Master
Copy” and is with the Aerodrome Safety Office. Some users are provided with a printed copy
of the manual while others are given an electronic copy. This is also indicated in the table
below.
Print (P)
Copy Date Date
Manual User Name Electronic Signature
No. Provided Returned
(E)
1 Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal P/E
2 Civil Aviation Academy P/E
3 General Manager, TIACAO P/E
4 Aerodrome Safety Standards Department P/E
5 Flight Operation Department P
6 Airport Operation Department P
7 Technical Service Department P
8 Aerodrome Safety Office P/E
9 Aerodrome Manual Controller P/E
10 Administration Division P
11 Finance Division P
12 Corporate Division P
13 Civil Engineering Division P
14 RFF Division P
15 Aviation Security Management Division P
16 Airside Management Division P
17 Terminal Management Division P
18 Com. & NAVAIDS Division P
19 Radar Surveillance Division P
20 Security Equipment Division P
21 Electro-Mechanical Division P
ATS/SAR Division P
22 Training, Rating and performance P
evaluation Division
23 ATS Safety Office P
24 Electro Mechanical Division P
25 International Terminal Management P
Section
26 Domestic Terminal Management Section P
27 Apron & Wildlife Management Section P
19 Cargo Management Section P
20 G.M Secretariat P
21
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page APP - 1

Appendix – B
Review of the Aerodrome Manual
The Aerodrome Manual Controller shall conduct a review of the aerodrome manual at
least annually. The results of the review shall be recorded, and the review signed and
dated in the designated Master Copy of this manual (see Distribution Record).
The review shall consist of at least the following:
CAAN ACR 2061 Details of any exemptions granted to

(2004) TribhuvanInternationalAirport since last amendment.
Rules 35, 36 and 37
Rule 21 Amendment to the Aerodrome Manual.
Rule 22 Approval of the Aerodrome Manual and amendments thereto by
the Director General of CAAN.
Date of Was amendment Details of Amendment Signature of the Aerodrome

Review required? (if required) Manual Controller
May 2011 Yes Whole Document
June 2013 Yes Whole Document
April 2014 Yes Whole Document
March 2016 Yes Whole Document
March 2018 Yes Partial
March 2019 Yes Whole Document
June 2021 Whole Document

Appendix – C
Organization Chart

Appendix –D
TRIBHUVAN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTCIVIL AVIATION OFFICE
List of Personnel Responsible and Contact Numbers
S. Department/Division Telephone
Designation Name
N /Section Cell Office Ext/Intercom
1. DG Mr. Rajan Pokhrel CAAN 9851071814 4262387
2. GM Mr.Pratap Babu Tiwari TIACivil Aviation Office 9841200022 4113261 4021
3. Director Mr. Hans Raj Pandey Technical Services Department 9841927581 4113232 4006
4. Acting Director Mr. Suresh Pd. Khanal Aerodrome Operation Department 9847150550 4113196 4012
5. Acting Director Mr. Rinji Sherpa Flight Operation Department 9841324643 4498775 4008
6. Dy. Director Mr.Prakash Chandra Dhakal AVSEC Management Division 9841535406 4113074 4025
7. Dy. Director Mr. Shyam Kishor Sah Aerodrome Safety Office 9851138338 4113033 2314, 2319
8. Dy. Director Mr. Sanjay Kumar Airside Management Division 9841343995 4113035 4024
9. Dy. Director Mr. Sita Ram Bhandari ATS/SAR Division 9841232768 4113297 4020
10. Dy. Director Mr. Santosh Kumar Pokharel Terminal Management Division 9851164914 4113007 2422
11. Dy. Director Mr.Chranjibi Bhandari ARFFDivision 9841229997 4113033 4018
12. Dy. Director Mr. Mohamad Ali Hasan International NOTAM Office 9851192809 4483729 2217
13. Dy. Director Mr. Rajesh Dangol ATS Safety Office 9841492810 4113234 2316
14. Dy. Director Mr. Suresh Prasad Sah Comm.and NAVAid Division 9841286930 4113016 4010
15. Dy. Director Mr. Sanjay Kr. Chaudhary Electro Mechanical Division 9851060025 4113231 2484
16. Dy. Director Mr. Hari Prasad Adhikari Civil Engineering Division 9851097334 4490699 2534
17. Dy. Director Mr. Tej Bahadur Poudel Administration Division 9852025816 4113268 4023
18. Dy. Director Rescue Coordination Centre 9845048791 4113000 2235, 2238
19. Dy. Director Mr. Devendra Joshi RADAR Surveillance Division 9841330855 4113035 2390
20. Dy. Director Mr. Rabindra Maharjan Flight Permission Division 9841091484 4113033 2330
21. Dy. Director Mr. Trilochan Poudel Corporate Division 9851082818 4113292 4015
22. Chief Mr. Dinesh Ram Baidhya Security Equipment Division 9841003731 4113292 2476
23. Chief Mr. Bishnu Marasini Finance Division 9851125625 4113197 2493
24. Chief Mr. Ram Bali Mahato Aerodrome Safety Officer & 9843129687 2243
Mechanical Section 9803789247
25. Supervisor Person on Duty ADC Tower 4113160 2237
26. Supervisor Person on Duty APP Control 4113258 2503
27. Supervisor Person on Duty Area Control 4113259 2511
28. Duty Officer Person on Duty International TDO 4113163 4026
29. Duty Officer Person on Duty RFF Watch Tower / Duty Room 4113066 2522, 2523
30. Chief Mr. Purna Prasad Chudal Domestic Terminal Section 9851040390 4113298 2531
31. Chief Mr. Ram Chandra Subedi Cargo Management Section 9841203040 4113276 2428
32. Chief Mr. Daman Rawal Procurement Section 9851094826 4113267 2483
33. Chief Mr.Pramil Raj Subedi Store Section 9851070089 4113035 2513
34. Chief Mr. Pramod Thapa Transport Section 9841345251 4113274 2506
35. Duty Officer Person on Duty Civil Maintenance 4113272 2504
36. Duty Officer Person on Duty Apron and Wildlife Safety Office 4113035 2445
37. Duty Officer Person on Duty Domestic TDO 4113299 2470
38. Duty Officer Person on Duty Electrical Section
39. Duty Officer Person on Duty Mechanical Section
Telephone Exchange 4113007, 4113016, 4113033, 4113035, 4113066, 4113231, 4113268

Appendix –E
Height of Obstacle Light
S.No. Description Obstruction Light Height

1 Flood Light Mast Obstruction Light 25m
2 Control Tower -Do- 31m
3 02 wind Shock -Do- 7m
4 20 wind Shock -Do- 7m
5 Center wind shock -Do- 7m
6 P1 Station -Do- 4.5m
7 P2 Station -Do- 4.5m
8 ITB -Do- Approx.17m
9 Buddha Air Hangar -Do- 68 ft.

Appendix – F
TRIBHUVAN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTCIVIL AVIATION OFFICE
Electric Section
Daily Checklist of Aeronautical Ground Lights (AGL) Condition Report
Date of Inspection: Time:
Item Tick if No. of light Replace No. of Light Date of Remarks
Inspected Fused d Date Set Broken Maintenance
Runway Edge Lights
Runway Center Line Lights
Runway End 02 Side
Runway End 20 Side
RWY Turn Pad Edge Light
RWY 02 Side
RWY Turn Pad Edge Light
RWY 20 Side
PAPI 02 Side
PAPI 20 Side
Threshold Lights 02 Side
Threshold Lights 20 Side
Sequential Flashing Light
System R/W 02 Side (SFL)
RTILS 20 Side (RWY
Threshold Identification)
Approach Light RWY 02 Side
Exit Taxiway – ALight
Exit Taxiway – B Light
Exit Taxiway – CLight
Exit Taxiway – D Light
Exit Taxiway – E Light
Parallel Taxiway – F Lights
Signage
Aeronautical Beacon
Obstruction Lights
Apron Flood Lights:
Mast No.1 – 7
IWI-R/W 20, 02 &Center
Others
Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
Technical Service Department
Electromechanical Division
Aerodrome Safety Office
Appendix – G
Hunter Activities Form
Qty
. of
No Gu
of n
Bull Po
D Bird shot died et wd
at rele er
e Dog shot Bird strike on Number of Dog Monkey Air ase use
died Aircraft bird sighted Sighted sighted Firing d d
8 o' clock
14'clock
Name
Name
Name
Place
Place
Place
Place
Place
Place
Time
Time
Time
Time
Time
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.


Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
Airside Management Division
Appendix – H

Electric Section
Electrical Fault Report (General Lighting)
Fault
S.N. Description Time of Report Reported By Location Received Shift

By(Name&
Sign)
Clearance Action
Fault S.N Corrective Action Part replaced(if Date & time of fault Fault cleared by
any) clearance
Name Sign
Inspected and Reported by shift In charge(Morning/Day/Night)

Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-

Appendix – I
Electric Section
Electrical Fault Report (Airfield Lighting)
Date:-..................................
Fault
S.N. Description Time of Reported Location Received Shift
Report By By(Name&
Sign)
Clearance Action
Fault S.N Corrective Action Part replaced(if Date & time of Fault cleared by
any) fault clearance
Name Sign

Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
Appendix – J
Mechanical Section
Generating Plant Log Book
Dat Lub Fuel Water Battery Fault Addition of Engine Checke Verified Comments
e rica Level Level (Alarm) Lubricating Oil Hour d By By
ting in Water Charg Liter Date
Oil Radiato Level e
Lev r (Volts
el )

Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
Mechanical Section

Appendix – K
Airfield Lighting Spare Parts List
S.N. Description Unit Quantity

A Spare Parts for IDM 8000 Type CCR (MAKE: IDMAN)
1 Mother Board, Part No.-I800000000200 Nos. 3
2 MCU Control Unit Part No.-I800000000100 Nos. 2
Serial Remote Control Interface Card ,Part No.-
3 Nos. 2
I800000000302
4 Power Unit for electronics,Part No.-I800000000400 Nos. 2
5 Thyristor Controller for 400V, Part No.-I800000000900 Nos. 1
6 Glass Fuses for Electronic Boards Complete Set set 20
Surge Arrestor, Input( SA1,SA2), Part no.-
7 set 5
I800000000S01
8 Earth fault card, HV,Part No-I800000000800 Nos. 1
LCD display Unit with Keyboard,Part No.-
9 Nos. 1
I800000000500
B Spare Parts for CCR-41 (MAKE: Thorn)
1 Motherboard Nos. 1
2 Remote Control Board Nos. 1
3 Fuses PFU1,PFU2 (Motherboard) set 5
4 Fuses PFU1(Remote Control Board) set 5
5 Fuses PFU2(Remote Control Board) set 5
6 Auxiliary Transformer Nos. 1
Power supply board for the PVL LED sign light.
C Board Number:- ADBPCB 1567 PVL led supply Nos. 4
board 3450 84.200
D Spare parts for Airfield light system
Runway Edge bidirectional light set with bulb, High
1 Intensity ,Elevated type of 30/45W,6.6A, Model No:- Nos. 5
ADB Safegate Safe Led-EREL-2W-6.6 A
Taxiway elevated Edge omnidirectional blue LED Light
2 Nos 5
set
3 Approach unidirectional Light set Nos 5
4 Isolating Transformer 6.6A, 45W, 5KV, 50 Hz/60Hz, Nos. 20

Model No.KR 631
5 Isolating Transformer 6.6 amps, 100W, 5KV, 50 Nos. 15
Hz/60Hz, Model No.KR641
6 Isolating Transformer 6.6 amps, 200W, 5KV, Nos. 25
50Hz/60Hz, Model No:-KR 651
7 Pk30d,Prefocused,halogen lamp,200W,6.6A. Nos. 200

8 Beacon lamp,1000W Nos. 4
9 Primary AFL cable 1x 6 mm2 copper conductor mtr 500
11 Secondary cable 2x4mm2.Make:Thorn Mtr 200
Primary connector Kit, 25A, 5KV.Model:KD 500
12 set 20
series.Make:Thorn
13 Secondary connector Kit, 20A, 600V.Model:KD 500 set 20
series.Make:Thorn
E Airfield Lighting Control and Monitoring system
(ALCMS) spare parts
1 Nos 1
External Battery Pack Tower (SMX48RMBP2U)
2 Ethernet device switch EDS-408A-Ss-SC Nos 1
3 I/O ILB ETH DI16DIO16 Nos 1
4 APC Ethernet Card Nos 1
5 Phoneix contact relay Nos 1
6 Netgear N150 Wireless Router Nos 1

Appendix – L
Location of Navigation Aids Outside of the TIA

Appendix – M
Bird Control Coordination and Implementation Unit (TIA-BCCIU):
General Manager, TIA Civil Aviation Office Chairman

Representative Kathmandu District Development Committee Member
Representative, Kathmandu District Police Office Member
Representative, Kathmandu District Administration Office Member
Representative, Kathmandu District Forest Office Member
Representative, Kathmandu District Agriculture Office Member
Representative, Kathmandu District Vetnary Office Member
Representative, Ward No. 8, 0, 32 of Kathmandu Metropolitan City Member
Representative, Kageshwari Manohara Municipality. Member
Specialists designated by Chairman Member
Representative Nepal Airlines Member
Representative Nepal Army Member
Representative Solid Waste Management and Resource Mobilization
Center, Ministry of Local Development Member
Chief, Airside Management Division, TIACAO Member Secretary
LEGENDS LATITUDE LONGITUDE

KATHMANDU NDB KAM 27 4̊ 1’38” N 085 2̊ 1’ 13” E
KATHMANDU VOR/DME 27 4̊ 0’25” N 085 2̊ 0’ 55” E
113.2KTM
NALINCHOWK 252 LNC ̊ 27 3̊ 9’01” N 085 ̊27’ 54” E
THECHO 230 LTH 27 3̊ 6’46” N 85 ̊19’ 24” E
TIA, GAUCHAR 27 4̊ 1’50” N 085 ̊21’ 28” E

Appendix – N
TIA Runway Safety Team
1. Director AOD - Team Leader

2. Chief ATS - Member
3. Aerodrome Safety Manager - Member
4. ATS Safety Manager TIA -Member
5. Representative Engineering Directorate -Member
6. Representative Army Aviation -Member
7. MIA Security Office (Nepal Police) -Member
8. Airlines Operating Committee (AOC) -Member
9. Airlines Operator Association of Nepal (AOAN) -Member
10. Chief TMD -Member
11. Chief RFFD -Member
12. Chief AMD -Member
13. Chief CED -Member
14. Chief AVSEC Management Division - Member
15. Chief Electro Mechanical Division - Member
16. Safety Manager NAC -Member
17. Safety Manager (Buddha Air) -Member
18. Safety Manager (Yeti Air) -Member
19. Aerodrome Safety Officer -Member Secretary

Appendix – O
Safety Review Board (SRB)
GM, TIACAO - Chairperson

Director, AOD - Member
Director, TSD - Member
Director, FOD - Member
Deputy Director, CED -Member
Aerodrome Safety Manager - Member Secretary

Appendix – P
Safety Action Group (SAG)
Aerodrome Safety Manager - Coordinator

Chief, Airside Management Division - Member
Chief, Civil Engineering Division - Member
Chief, Electro Mechanical Division - Member
Chief, Airport Rescue and Fire-fighting Division - Member
Chief, Aviation Security Management Division - Member
Chief, Terminal Management Division - Member
ATS Safety Manager - Member
Aerodrome Safety Officer - Member Secretary

Appendix – Q
Obstruction Limitation Surface
3D
MUTM AMSL WGS1984
CQ
S XY
Bott Obj
. Top Z
Easti Northi om ect Latit Long
N Elev Object Name Latitudes Longitudes Co
ngs ngs Elev Hei udes itude
o ation or
ation ght
. d
Q
Metre Metr Metr Met Dec. Dec. ua
Metres D M S D M S
s es es res Deg. Deg. lit
y
49. 0.
63466 30700 1471. 1435. 35.5 27.74 85.36 32.1
27 44 85 21 363 02
6.266 19.322 322 753 70 2261 371 396
1 Kapan Tower 20 12
50. 0.
63468 30700 1474. 1450. 24.2 27.74 85.36 33.0
27 44 85 21 122 01
6.818 47.326 820 540 80 2512 392 4320
2 Kapan Tree 80 59
50. 0.
63470 30700 1464. 1442. 21.7 27.74 85.36 33.2
Kopan Gompa 27 44 85 21 652 01
1.159 53.934 754 987 70 257 407 5200
3 Kapan 00 69
6.0 0.
63512 30702 1485. 1462. 23.7 27.74 85.36 39.7
27 44 85 22 708 01
1.328 57.661 909 182 30 4366 835 1760
4 Dorje Gompa 0 74
26. 0.
63567 30704 1504. 1474. 30.0 27.74 85.37 44.3
Phulhari 27 44 85 22 295 02
3.624 06.732 390 305 80 5655 397 5800
5 Gompa 60 05
25. 0.
63402 30677 1370. 1333. 36.6 27.72 85.35 19.2
27 43 85 21 200 02
9.217 67.001 450 777 70 200 700 1080
6 Hayat Hotel 00 73
Arubari 25. 0.
63565 30688 1402. 1372. 29.2 27.73 85.37 52.5
Gompa 27 43 85 22 006 01
6.089 10.903 100 864 40 1259 361 3240
7 Arubari 80 47
Telecom 43. 0.
63289 30668 1377. 1332. 45.5 27.71 85.34 49.7
Tower 27 42 85 20 260 01
0.177 47.468 929 394 40 3819 535 4840
8 Chabahil 00 73
2.7 0.
63341 30674 1381. 1334. 46.9 27.71 85.35 9.12
Internet Tower 27 43 85 21 864 01
8.585 49.574 260 339 20 9200 077 000
9 Chuchhepati 0 64
42. 0.
63451 30677 1372. 1328. 43.3 27.72 85.36 17.7
1 Bouddha 27 43 85 21 951 01
6.032 27.078 086 744 40 1594 193 3840
0 Stupa 60 23
30. 0.
63582 30676 1366. 1316. 50.1 27.72 85.37 15.9
1 Telecom 27 43 85 22 572 00
1.172 86.195 593 475 20 1095 516 4200
1 Tower Jorpati 40 42
32. 0.
63588 30668 1363. 1341. 21.9 27.71 85.37 47.9
1 Krishna 27 42 85 22 394 01
0.680 23.598 809 850 60 3306 567 0160
2 Mandir 00 83
8.3 0.
63358 30663 1383. 1339. 43.9 27.70 85.35 34.8
1 Tree 27 42 85 21 448 01
2.509 95.040 161 197 60 9669 232 0840
3 Guheshwori 0 62
28. 0.
63415 30653 1361. 1335. 25.7 27.70 85.35 0.99
1 27 42 85 21 789 01
4.122 60.405 629 841 90 0277 800 720
4 Light Pole 20 50
31. 0.
63422 30655 1362. 1336. 25.5 27.70 85.35 6.62
1 27 42 85 21 356 02
2.506 34.481 244 705 40 1841 871 760
5 Light Pole 00 21
26. 0.
63408 30651 1359. 1334. 25.8 27.69 85.35 54.9
1 27 41 85 21 046 02
1.027 72.897 860 028 30 8593 724 3480
6 Light Pole 00 41
1 63405 30653 1367. 1330. 37.1 Control Tower 27.70 85.35 27 42 1.65 85 21 25. 0.

070 02
1.955 79.563 597 470 30 046 696 600
7 40 38
18. 0.
63387 30646 1346. 1316. 29.8 27.69 85.35 38.1
1 NOC watch 27 41 85 21 478 01
9.273 54.960 592 784 10 394 513 8400
8 Tower 80 84
20. 0.
63394 30647 1347. 1318. 28.5 27.69 85.35 42.6
1 NOC watch 27 41 85 21 923 02
4.809 91.900 048 494 50 5169 581 0840
9 Tower 20 83
2.5 0.
63507 30660 1368. 1338. 29.8 27.70 85.36 23.7
2 Radar 27 42 85 22 824 03
2.261 70.509 521 634 90 6593 738 3480
0 Antenna 0 43
40. 0.
63447 30652 1343. 1334. 8.39 27.69 85.36 57.4
2 27 41 85 21 582 02
8.413 55.375 379 993 0 9297 127 6920
1 Wind Shock 80 02
41. 0.
63450 30652 1340. 1334. 6.17 27.69 85.36 57.6
2 27 41 85 21 508 02
3.669 61.525 889 721 0 935 153 6000
2 Antenna 00 83
53. 0.
63483 30661 1345. 1336. 8.23 27.70 85.36 26.9
2 27 42 85 21 888 02
2.907 67.835 054 826 0 7495 497 8200
3 Wind Shock 40 83
40. 0.
63449 30649 1344. 1333. 10.9 27.69 85.36 47.5
2 Fire brigade 27 41 85 21 978 99
2.628 50.964 182 239 40 6549 138 7640
4 camera 80 09
48. 0.
63468 30649 1353. 1335. 18.5 27.69 85.36 48.7
2 Buddha air 27 41 85 21 063 02
6.382 88.505 688 121 70 6869 335 2840
5 hanger 60 71
32. 0.
63425 30657 1352. 1338. 14.0 27.70 85.35 13.4
2 Hanger Nepal 27 42 85 21 644 01
5.442 46.341 441 351 90 3749 907 9640
6 Army 80 70
33. 0.
63427 30656 1352. 1338. 14.3 27.70 85.35 11.6
2 27 42 85 21 328 01
4.862 89.520 733 352 80 3235 926 4600
7 Hanger RA 80 64
13. 0.
63375 30638 1322. 1318. 4.37 27.68 85.35 12.9
2 Metrological 27 41 85 21 593 02
3.990 75.232 444 076 0 6917 378 0120
8 Antenna 60 02
1.6 0.
63342 30639 1333. 1291. 42.5 27.68 85.35 16.8
2 NASA 27 41 85 21 596 02
5.600 94.457 786 246 40 8025 046 9000
9 Tinkune 0 31
18. 0.
63387 30643 1328. 1323. 5.97 27.69 85.35 28.2
3 27 41 85 21 205 01
5.145 49.251 980 010 0 1182 506 5520
0 Army WT 20 96
47. 0.
63467 30652 1347. 1335. 12.2 27.69 85.36 55.7
3 27 41 85 21 912 01
9.802 05.214 390 140 50 8825 331 7000
1 Old Tower 40 73
57. 0.
63494 30654 1352. 1337. 14.4 27.70 85.36 4.88
3 Water Tank 27 42 85 21 733 01
5.849 88.837 178 726 50 1357 604 520
2 roof top 20 73
50. 0.
63474 30659 1341. 1336. 5.55 27.70 85.36 20.4
3 Metrological 27 42 85 21 742 01
8.947 66.252 669 119 0 5684 410 6240
3 Antenna 00 54
7.2 0.
63519 30664 1351. 1338. 12.4 27.70 85.36 35.3
3 Gotha tar 27 42 85 22 912 01
7.335 28.462 005 553 50 981 869 1600
4 House 0 35
k l tower 59. 0.
63333 30673 1373. 1334. 38.7 27.71 85.34 6.64
3 complex 27 43 85 20 870 01
9.563 72.451 156 392 60 8512 996 320
5 Chuchhepati 40 36
13. 0.
63211 30639 1351. 1304. 46.7 27.68 85.33 15.2
3 Baneshwor 27 41 85 20 671 01
1.162 29.867 393 610 80 7572 713 5920
6 Mukti Tower 60 47
9.2 0.
63363 30636 1320. 1311. 9.13 27.68 85.35 6.23
3 27 41 85 21 124 01
6.182 68.696 703 574 0 5065 256 400
7 Wind Shock 0 32
11. 0.
64353 30666 1672. 1657. 15.7 27.71 85.45 38.4
3 27 42 85 27 505 01
0.813 21.214 784 024 60 0688 320 7680
8 Tree Telkot 60 43
13. 0.
63376 30634 1314. 1307. 6.71 27.68 85.35 59.2
3 Army W 27 40 85 21 914 01
7.400 54.129 150 440 0 3116 387 1760
9 Tower 00 19
10. 0.
63201 30642 1345. 1305. 39.8 27.69 85.33 26.5
4 Water Tank 27 41 85 20 276 02
4.349 76.056 220 400 20 0705 619 3800
0 BICH 80 31
7.7 0.
63194 30642 1345. 1305. 39.7 27.69 85.33 24.8
4 Classic tech 27 41 85 20 568 02
5.925 22.131 190 400 90 0225 549 1000
1 Wi-Fi 0 38

2.3 0.
63180 30640 1345. 1302. 42.9 27.68 85.33 18.2
4 Wi-Fi Tower 27 41 85 20 604 02
0.252 17.439 900 960 40 8392 399 1120
2 Baneshor 0 51
4 Wi-Fi Tower 27 41 85 22 13. 0.
63540 30637 1368. 1332. 35.4 27.68 85.37 8.79
3 Thimi 638 01
0.816 67.068 100 640 60 5777 046 720
00 08
4 Telecom 27 41 85 22 30. 0.
63585 30640 1361. 1334. 27.3 27.68 85.37 16.9
4 Tower Thimi 252 02
3.272 23.117 770 470 00 8042 507 5120
00 33
4 Tree SE 27 40 85 21 14. 0.
63377 30633 1325. 1310. 15.5 27.68 85.35 55.4
5 Corner of 252 03
7.924 38.363 840 310 30 2071 396 5560
Runway 40 04
4 Telecom 27 40 85 20 53. 0.
63321 30630 1338. 1309. 28.8 27.67 85.34 47.2
6 Tower 674 02
6.783 80.378 130 310 20 980 824 7640
Koteshwor 80 85
4 Hording Board 27 40 85 20 57. 0.
63331 30632 1331. 1308. 22.6 27.68 85.34 52.2
7 Koteshwor 310 02
4.819 33.414 530 891 40 117 925 1200
80 75
4 City scape 27 38 85 19 54. 0.
63162 30596 1360. 1305. 54.5 27.64 85.33 57.1
8 Hattiban 192 02
3.268 72.468 050 490 60 9207 172 4520
00 89
4 Radio 27 39 85 19 44. 0.
63135 30600 1378. 1332. 45.5 27.65 85.32 10.9
9 Antenna Mast 594 03
5.641 93.109 110 520 90 3028 905 0080
khumaltar 40 19
5 Harisiddhi 27 38 85 20 31. 0.
63266 30591 1401. 1337. 63.8 27.64 85.34 39.2
0 Brick Factory 999 03
5.628 32.794 710 870 40 4235 222 4600
20 26
5 Chobhar 27 39 85 17 31. 0.
62770 30614 1443. 1427. 15.7 27.66 85.29 54.7
1 Gompa 898 01
4.142 03.458 700 910 90 5201 219 2360
40 19
5 Nepal 27 41 85 19 35. 0.
63105 30648 1364. 1287. 76.5 27.69 85.32 46.5
2 Television 490 02
4.565 82.880 308 730 80 6273 653 8280
Antenna Mast 00 14
5 Radio Station 27 38 85 18 21. 0.
62909 30594 1446. 1348. 98.0 27.64 85.30 49.1
3 Saibhu 704 01
0.561 00.649 617 600 20 700 603 9280
40 19
Surveyed by: Mr. K. M.
Checked by: Mr. A. S. Jung Rana
Sharma

Appendix – R

Mechanical Section
Power GenerationStatus Book
Dat Time Plant Status Checked Verified Comments

e Location By By
Year/Month

Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
Mechanical Equipment Section

Appendix – S

FIRE MECHANICAL UNIT
MAINTENANCE RECORD OF RESCUE AND FIREFIGHTING VEHICLE
Vehicle Name: Vehicle No:

Entry Date: Engine No:
Chasis No: Model No:
S. Date Shift Fault Maintenance Fault Verified
N Report / Details Cleared by
Ref No by

Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
Mechanical Section
Appendix – T

FIRE MECHANICAL UNIT
DAILY CHECKLISTOF RESCUE AND FIREFIGHTING VEHICLE
Vehicle Name: Date:

 = O.K T = Top S = Service A = Adjust D = Defective
Up
A. Engine Remarks
1 Check lubrication oil level
2 Check Coolant level
3 Check for oil, fuel and coolant leaks
4 With engine running, check for any abnormal
noise/vibration
B. Transmission
5 While engine running check fluid level
6 Check for oil leaks
C. Transfer Box and Axles
7 Check for oil leaks
D. Wheel and Tyres
8 Check Tyre inflation pressure manually
E. Pump
9 Check operation of fire pump engagement /
disengagement
10 Check for oil leaks from PTO
F. Electrical System
11 Check liquid level of the battery
12 Check all the light/horns

Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
Rescue and Fire Fighting Division
Mechanical Equipment Section
Appendix – U
CIVIL ENGINNERING DIVISION
Checklist for Obstacles Monitoring and Reporting inside and outside the aerodrome
Location
Elevation (RL), m RL Difference
Description of (WGS 84 Coordinate) Action
between OLS
S.N. Infrastructures/Obsta Existing Allowable to be Remarks
Latitude Longitude and
cles Height, heightwrt Taken
(D:M:S) (D:M:S) Infrastructure
m OLS, m
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
 To be checked in every four months
Inspected and Reported by

Name:-
Designation:-
Signature:-
CC:
 General Manager
 Aerodrome Safety Office

Appendix – V

Abbreviations
A
ABN Aerodrome Beacon
ACFT Aircraft
ACL Altimeter Check Location
ACN Aircraft Classification Number
AD Aerodrome/ After the Death of Christ
ADA Airport Driving Authority
ADM Administration
ADO Aerodrome Duty Office
ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance
AEP Airport Emergency Plan
AFFF Aqueous Film Forming foam
AFRS* Aerodrome Fire and Rescue Service
AFS Aeronautical Fixed Service
AFTN Aeronautical FixedTelecommunication Nepal
AGA Aerodromes, Air Routes and Ground Aids
AGL Above Ground Level
AI Aerodrome Inspector
AIC Aeronautical InformationCircular
AIP Aeronautical Information Publication
AIRAC Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control
AIS Aeronautical Information Services
ALS Approach Lighting System
ALT Altitude
AM* Airport Manager
AMDT Amendment (AIP Amendment)
AMSL Above MeanSeaLevel
AMSS Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Services
ANC Aeronautical Chart
AOC Aerodrome Obstacle Chart
AOD Airport Operation and Facilitation Department
AP Airport
APCH Approach
APN* Apron
ARAP Airport Restricted Area Pass
APRX Approximate or Approximately
ARP Aerodrome Reference Point
ASDA Accelerated Stop Distance Available
ASPH Asphalt
ASO Aerodrome Safety Officer
AT Air Traffic Services Sub-Group
ATC Air Traffic Control (in general)
ATFM Air Traffic Flow Management
ATM Air Traffic Management
ATN Aeronautical Telecommunication Network
ATS Air Traffic Services
AUX Auxiliary
AVGAS Aviation Gasoline
AWY Airway
Ninth Edition, 2021 Page ABB - 1
Page APP - 25
AZM Azimuth
B
BCN Beacon (Aeronautical Ground Light)
BDRY Boundary
BOOT Build Own Operate Transfer
BS Bikram Sambat
C
C Degrees Celsius (Centigrade) or Centre
CA Civil Aviation Operation Group
CAA* Civil Aviation Authority
CAAN* Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal
CAO Civil Aviation Office
CAT Category or Clear Air Turbulence
CCTV Closed Circuit TV
CE Civil Engineering
CH Channel
CIP Commercial Important Person
CIV Civil
CL* Centre-line
CED Civil Maintenance Division
CNS Communications Navigations and Surveillance
COM Communication
CORDS* Coordinates
COSCAP Cooperative Development of Operational Safety and Continuing Airworthiness Project
CTA Control area
CTL Control
CTR Control Zone
CWY Clearway
D
D… Danger Area (followed by identification)
DB Decibel (Noise level)
DCKG Docking
DCP Dry Chemical Powder
DCT Direct (in relation to flight plan clearances and type or approach)
DEG Degree
DFTI Distance From Touch Down Indicator
DIV. Division
DGCA Director-General of Civil Aviation
DME Distance Measuring Equipment
DOC* Document(s)
DTDO Domestic Terminal Duty Office
DTM Department of Transport Management
VOR Doppler VOR
E
E East or Eastern Longitude
EE Electrical Engineering
ELEV Elevation
EN* English
ENG Engine
ENRT En-route
EOC Emergency Operation Centre

EOI Expression(s) of Interest
ETC* Etcetera
F
F Fixed or Degrees Fahrenheit
FAC Facilities
FAL Facilities
FAX Facsimile Transmission
FCST Forecast
FOD Flight Operation Department
FP Fluoro-Protein Foam
FREQ Frequency
FSL Full Stop Landing
FSS Flight Service Station
G
G Green
GEN General
GEO Geographic
GES Ground Earth Station
GM* General Manager
GND Ground
GNDCK Ground Check
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
GoN Government of Nepal
GRASS Grass Landing Area
GRF Global Reporting Format
GRVL Gravel
H
H* Hours plus… minutes past the hour
HBN Hazard Beacon
HDG Heading
HEL Helicopter
HF High Frequency (300 to 30000 KHz)
HGT Height or Height Above
HN Sunset to Sunrise
HO Service available to meet Operational Requirements
HOSP Hospital aircraft
HQ* Headquarters
HR Hours
HS Service available during hours of Scheduled Operations
HZ Hertz (cycle per second)
I
IAC Instrument Approach Chart
IAF Initial Approach Fix
IAR Intersection of Air Routes
IAS Indicated Air Speed
IBN Identification Beacon
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
IDENT Identification

IF Intermediate Approach Fix
IFR Instrument Flight Rules
IGA International General Aviation
ILS Instrument Landing System
INFO Information
INOP Inoperative
INTRP Interrupt or Interruption or Interrupted
ISA International Standard Atmosphere
ITB InternationalTerminalBuilding
ITM International Terminal Management
IWDT Illuminated Wind Direction Indicator
J
JAN January
JUL July
JUN June
K
KAM Kathmandu NDB Coding
KAT Kathmandu
KG Kilogram
KHz Kilohertz
KM Kilometer
KMH Kilometer per hour
KPA Kilopascal
KT Knots
KTM Kathmandu VOR Coding
KVA Kilo Volt Ampere
KW Kilowatts
L
L Left (Runway identification)
L Locator (see LM, LO)
LAT Latitude
LDA Landing Distance Available
LDG Landing
LDI Landing DirectionIndicator
LE* Locator East
LFT Large Foam Tender
LGT Light or Lighting
LGTD Lighted
LIH Light Intensity High
LIL Light Intensity Low
LIM Light Intensity Medium
LLZ Localizer
LM Locator, Outer
LOC Local or Locally or Location or Located
Long Longitude
LORAN LongRangeAir Navigation System
LS* Locator South
LT* Local Time
LTD Limited
LVL Level
LW* Locator West

M
M Match number or meters
MAG Magnetic
MAINT Maintenance
MAP Aeronautical maps and charts
MAPT Missed Approach Point
MAR March
MAX Maximum
MAY May
ME Mechanical Engineering
MEFT Medium Foam Tender
MET Meteorological or Meteorology
METAR Aviation routine Weather Report
MFT Major Foam Tender
MHz Megahertz
MIL Military
MIN Minutes
ML* Statute Miles
MLS Microwave Landing System
MM Middle Marker
MNM Minimum
MNT Monitor or Monitoring or Monitored
MNTN Maintain
MOC Minimum Obstacle Clearance (required)
MOD Moderate (used to quality icing, turbulence)
MON Monday
MoTCA Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation
MSG Message
MSL MeanSea Level
MT Mountain/ Mechanical Technician
MTU Metric Units
MWO Meteorological Watch Office
N
N North or Northern Latitude
NA Nepal Army
NAC Nepal Airlines Corporation
NAV Navigation
NB Northbound
NDB Non-directional Radio Beacon
NEG No or negative
NIL None or I have nothing to send to you
NM Nautical Mile
NML Normal
NOF International NOTAM Office
NOSIG No Significant Change (used in forecasts)
NOTAM A notice containing information concerningthe establishment, condition or change in any
aeronautical facility, service, procedure or hazard, the timely knowledge or which is
essential to personnel concerned with flight operations.
NOV November
NR Number
NXT Next

OAS Obstacles Assessment Surface
OBST Obstacle
OBSTR* Obstruction
OCH Obstacle Clearance Height
OCL Obstacle Clearance Limits
OCS Obstacle Clearance Surface
OCT October
OM Outer Marker
OPS Operations
P
P… Prohibited area (followed by identification)
PALS Precision Approach Lighting System (specify category)
PANS Procedures for Air Navigation Services
PAPI Precision Approach Path Indicator
PARA Paragraph
PAX Passenger(s)
PCN Pavement Classification Number
PERM Permanent
PLN Flight Plan
PMO Persons on Board
PRI Primary
PRKG Parking
PROB Probability
PROC Procedure
PROV Provisional
PS Plus
PSN Position
PSR Primary Surveillance RADAR
PT* Points(s)
PVT* private
PWR Power
Q
QFE Atmospheric Pressure at AerodromeElevation (or at runway threshold)
QNH Altimeter sub-scale setting to obtain elevation when on the ground
QUAD Quadrant
R
R… Red/ Radial
R Restricted area (followed by identification)
R Right (runway identification)
RAC Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services
RAD* Radius
RAI Runway Alignment Indicator
RCC RescueCo-ordinationCenter
RCR Runway Condition Report
RCL* Runway Centerline
RCLL Runway Centerline Light(s)
REDL Runway Edge Lights
REF Reference to…or refer to...
REG Registration
REIL Runway End Identification Light
RFFD Rescue and Fire Fighting Division
RGL Runway Guard Light
RIV Rapid Intervention Vehicle
RLLS Runway Lead-in Lighting System

RENL Runway End Lights
RNAV Area Navigation (to be pronounced “AR-NAV”)
RNG RadioRange
RNP Required Navigation Performance
RSCD Runway Surface Condition
RSR En-route Surveillance RADAR
RTHL Runway Threshold Light(s)
RTPL Runway Turn pad Light
RTZL Runway Touchdown Zone light(s)
RVR RunwayVisualRange
RWY Runway
RWYCC Runway Condition Code
S
S South or Southern Latitudes
SA South Asia
SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SALS Simple Approach Lighting System
SAR Search and Rescue
SARPS Standard and Recommended practices (ICAO)
SAT Saturday
SATCOM Satellite Communication
SDBY Stand-by
SEC Seconds
SEC Sector
SEP September
SFC Surface
SFL* Sequenced Flashing Light
SGL Single
SID Standard Instrument Departure
SMC Surface Movement Control
SMR Surface Movement RADAR
NSBS* Nepali Sainik Biman Sewa
SR Sunrise
SRA Surveillance RADARApproach
SRE Surveillance RADARElement or Precision
SRR Search and Rescue Region
SSB Single Side Band
SSR Secondary Surveillance RADAR
STAR Standard Instrument Arrival
STD Standard
STN Station
STOL Short Take–off and Landing
STS Status
STWL Stop WayLight(S)
SUN Sunday]
SUP Supplement
SUPPS Regional Supplementary Procedures
SWY Stop Way
T
T Temperature
TA Transition Altitude
TAX Taxi-in
Note: - Abbreviation marked by an asterisk (*) are either different from or not contained in ICAO
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TIA Aerodrome Manual

Tribhuvan International Airport

Tribhuvan International Airport

REVISION HISTORY&AMENDMENT RECORD FORM

S.N Date Part / Edition Details

1 November 2003 All Aerodrome Manual of TIA, First Edition, 2003

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page ii

Pratap Babu Tiwari

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page iii

MASTER CONTACT LIST

AERODROME OPERATION DIRECTOR

Mr. Rinji Sherpa Work Hour: 10:00 to 5:00 Email: rinji.sherpa@caanepal.gov.np

SAFETY MANAGER/MANUAL CONTROLLER

SEARCH AND RESCUE (SAR)

Mr. Work Hour: 10:00 to 5:00 Email:

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page iv

AERODROME CERTIFICATION COPY

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page v

AERODROME MANUAL APPROVAL LETTER

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page vi

detailed guidance on matters related to take-off distance.

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page viii

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page ix

local reference system with respect to the global reference system/frame.

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page x

using instrument approach procedures:

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xi

Likelihood. Used as a qualitative description of probability or frequency.

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xii

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xiii

b. Variable message sign. A sign capable of presenting several pre-determined messages or no

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xiv

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xv

3.2.12 Runway Declared Distances...................................................................................3-28

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xvi

4.6.5 Serviceability Inspections.........................................................................................4.6-2

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xvii

4.12.4 Monitoring Bird Activity....................................................................................4.12-2

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xviii

6.1 Non-Standard Items……………………………………………………………6-1

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xix

SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS ANNEXES:

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page xx

1.1.1 This document is entitled TribhuvanInternationalAirport – Aerodrome Manual, and is

1.1.2 The purpose of this Manual is to provide:

1.2 Legal Requirement

Pratap Babu Tiwari

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page 1- 1

1.5 Conditions for Use of the Aerodrome

The operation hours shall be:

The Director of Flight Operation Department (FOD)is also responsible for

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page 1 - 2

 Aerodrome Manual Amendment Record form

All pages will be identified with an amendment status and date.

Additionally it is the function and responsibility of the Aerodrome Manual Controller

Civil Aviation Regulations, as published by the Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal,

1.10 Aerodrome Manual Amendment Procedures

Regulation 21 of CAANAirport Certificate Regulation 2004appliesto procedures for

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page 1 - 3

1.11 Aerodrome ManualAmendment Awareness Records

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page 1 - 4

2. Aerodrome Site Details

Ninth Edition, 2021 Page 2- 1

Showing Main Aerodrome Facilities and Boundaries