Name: Nguyen Luu Thanh Ngan

Student ID: 2053253 Class: AS2033_ Group: CC01

Method 1: Using Voltage division

R1(2)

R1
100R
R1(1)
V=2.52484

RT1 E+
S+

+88.8 +88.8
0.00 Volts Volts +88.8
Volts
S-
E-
RTD-PT100

Vcc Vcc * R0 1  T 
V1  RTD 
R1  RTD  2* R w R1  R0 1  T   2R w
R1  R0
Vcc * R0 1  T 
V1 
2 Rw  2 R0  R0T
Vcc
V2   RTD  2*R w 
R1  RTD  2* R w
R1  R0
Vcc *  R0 1  T   2 Rw 
V2 
2 Rw  2 R0  R0T
Vcc
V3  RTD  R w 
R1  RTD  2* R w

Ideal equation: Rw = 0
Vcc
Vˆ   RTD 
R1  RTD
Need to find T
Step 1: Find RTD

1
Name: Nguyen Luu Thanh Ngan
Student ID: 2053253 Class: AS2033_ Group: CC01

   
 
1 1  1
 1 
T   1   1
  Vcc  1    2N 1 
 n 1 
 V   ADC 
Step 2: Find T

Exercise
RTD  100 1  0.003905T 
R1  R0  100  R
Case 1:
R  0;
Rw  0;
1. Find measured voltage at 30, 100, 200 Celsius degree
2. Find ADC value that corresponds to measured voltage with ADC 8bit, 10bit, 12bit,
16bit
3. Find measured temperature values
Case 2:
R  0;
Rw  1;
4. Find measured voltage at 30, 100, 200 Celsius degree
5. Find ADC value that corresponds to measured voltage with ADC 8bit, 10bit, 12bit,
16bit
6. Find measured temperature values
Case 3:
R  0.5;
Rw  1;
7. Find measured voltage at 30, 100, 200 Celsius degree
8. Find ADC value that corresponds to measured voltage with ADC 8bit, 10bit, 12bit,
16bit
9. Find measured temperature values

2
Name: Nguyen Luu Thanh Ngan
Student ID: 2053253 Class: AS2033_ Group: CC01
Method 2: Using Wheatstone Bridge
Case 1: Ideal case: Rw = 0

Case 2: 2 wires RTD configuration

RTD  2Rw R0  R0T  2Rw

V   Vcc  Vcc
RTD  R3  2Rw R0  R0  R0 T  2R w
1
V   Vcc
2
R0  R0T  2Rw 1
V  V  V  Vcc  Vcc
R0  R0  R0T  2R w 2
Vcc  2 R0  2 R0T  4 Rw  2 R0  R0T  2 Rw 
  
2  2 R0  R0T  2 Rw 
 R0T  2Rw 
Vcc
  
2 2 R0  R0T  2 Rw 
 2R   2 Rw 
 T  w  V  T  R 
Vcc R0
    cc  0

2  2   T  2 Rw / R0  2  2  T 
   
   

3
Name: Nguyen Luu Thanh Ngan
Student ID: 2053253 Class: AS2033_ Group: CC01

Case 3: 3 Wire RTD configuration

���+�1 ���
V-= �1+�2 = 2

��� ���+2�� ��� ���+2��

V+= �3+���+3�� = 2��+����+3��

��� + 2�� 1
V + − V −= Vcc −
2�� + ���� + 3�� 2

Vcc 2��+2����+4��−(2��+����+3��)
= 2 2��+����+3��

Vcc ����+��
= 2 2��+����+3��

�� ��
Vcc ��+ Vcc ��+ ��
= 2
��
�� ≈
2 2+��
2+��+3
��

��
We can neglect ��
because it’s extremely small in comparison to 2

In conclusion: After comparing 2 cases errors we can obtain that Case 3 (3-wire
configuration) is provide more accurate RTD results than Case 2 (3-wire configuration)., if
fixed bridge measurement is being made, compensation is clearly only good at the bridge
balance point. Beyond this, errors will grow as the imbalance increases. This, however,
can be minimized by using larger values of resistance in the opposite bridge circuits to
reduce bridge current changes.