Dr.

Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere

Diploma Program in Electrical Engineering
Course: Electrical Machine Design
Course code: DEE3102
Assignment on Unit 5: Practice problems on Transformer Design

Problems on Core Design

1. Determine the main dimensions of the core and window for a 500KVA, 6600/400V,
50Hz, Single phase core type, oil immersed, self-cooled transformer. Assume: flux
density= 1.2T, Current density = 2.75A/mm2, Window space factor = 0.32, Volt/turn
= 16.8V, type of core: Cruciform, height of the window = 3 times window width. Also
calculate the number of turn and cross-sectional are of the conductors used for the
primary and secondary windings.

2. Calculate the dimensions of core and yoke for a 200KVA, 50Hz, single phase core type
transformer. A cruciform core is used with the distance between adjacent limbs equal
to 1.6 times the width of the core laminations. Assume EMF per turn 14V, maximum
flux density 1.1Wb/m2, window space factor 0.32, current density 3A/mm2, stacking
factor 0.9. The net iron area is 0.56d2 in a cruciform core where d is the diameter of
circumscribing circle. Also the width of largest stamping is 0.85d.

3. Design the magnetic frame of 3 phase 250KVA 6600/400volts,50Hz core type

distribution transformer by properly assuming the values of various design
parameters and determine: (i)core cross-section , (ii)window area, (iii)dimension of
window. Given: K-factor=0.45, Bm=1.2 Tesla, Value of factor ki=0.3, Avg. current
density, =2.2x1000000 A/m2
Problems on Winding Design
1. Determine the main dimensions of the 3 limb core (i.e. 3 phase, 3 legs core type
transformer), the number of turns and cross-sectional area of the conductor of a
350KVA, 11000/3300V, star/delta, 3-phase, 50Hz transformer. Assume Volt/turn =
11, maximum flux density = 1.25T, net cross-section of core = 0.6 d2, window space
factor = 0.27, window proportion = 3:1, current density = 250 A/cm2.Also calculate
no. of turns for ±2.5% and ±5% tappings on high voltage winding.

2. For a 1MVA, 33/6.6KV, 3-phase, 50Hz, Delta/Star core type transformer, calculate the
cross-sectional areas of LV and HV winding and no. of HV and LV turns per phase.
Assume: K=0.61, δ1=2.8A/mm2, δ2=2.5A/mm2.

3. Determine main dimensions of core, number of turns and cross-sectional area of LV

and HV conductors of a 125 kVA, 6600/460V, 50 Hz Single phase core type
distribution transformer. Assume following data.
 a) Maximum flux density in the core = 1.2T
b) Current density= 250 A/cm2
c) Assume a cruciform core allowing 8% for the insulation between laminations.
d) Yoke cross-section is 15% greater than that of core
e) Window height is 3-times window width.
f) Net cross-section of copper in the window is 0.23 times net cross section of Iron
in the window.
g) Window space factor=0.3
h) Draw a neat sketch of the core showing all the dimensions.

Problems on Design of Transformer Tank and Cooling System

1. A 1000KVA, 6.6KV/440V, 50Hz, 3-phase, delta/star, core type, oil immersed natural
cooled (ON) transformer has the following design details:
I. Distance between centers of adjacent limbs = 0.47m
II. Outer diameter of high voltage winding = 0.44m
III. Height of frame = 1.24m
IV. Core loss = 3.7 KW
V. I2R loss = 10.5 KW.
VI. Clearance along the width and length is 70mm and 90mm respectively.
VII. Allow clearance of 5cm from the base and 30cm for oil above the frame.
Design a suitable tank for the transformer. The average temperature rise of oil
should not exceed 35ºC.Calculate the no. of cooling tubes required. Also show the
arrangements of the different tubes.

2. Design an adequate cooling arrangement for a 315KVA, 6.6KV/415V, Delta/Star core

type oil immersed natural cooled transformer with the following data:
i. Winding temperature rise not to exceed 500C
ii. Total losses at 900C are 6KW
iii. Tank dimensions 140cm(Height)×110cm(Length)×60 cm(Width)
iv. Oil level 120cm
Draw diagram showing the layout of tubes.

3. A 100KVA ,11000/440V ,50Hz,3 phase, delta star, core type , oil immersed , self cooled
transformer gave the following result during the design calculation of magnetic frame
& winding:
Centre to centre distance between the core=36cm
Height of the window=44cm
Height of the yoke=17cm
Total weight of magnetic frame=700kg
Average specific loss(iron)=2.1W/kg
Outer diameter of h.v. winding =35cm
 Resistance of l.v. winding per phase=0.0047Ω
Resistance of h.v. winding per phase=9.74Ω
Based on above data calculate :(i)dimension of the tank, (ii) total loss

4. Design an adequate cooling arrangement for a 250kVA, 6.6kV/400V, 50Hz, three

phase, delta-star core type oil immersed natural cooled transformer with the
following data.
I. Winding temperature rise not to exceed 500C
II. Total losses at 900C =5kW
III. Tank dimensions height (125Cm)x length (100cm)x width(50cm)
IV. Oil level=115cm length