through the ci ‘o study the magnetic field due to electric current Slowing ee ae, Apparatus : Insulated copper wire(24 gauge), connecting wires, battery s laste i sheet, iron fillings etc. ty Pai: Figure : (Complete and label the following diagram.) fl Ammeter q Procedure : ' 1. Make a coil around the hollow tube with around 2. Arrange coil and cardboard / plastic sheet as sho 3. Spread some iron filings on the cardboard. 4. Connect both ends of coil to the batte: 5. Keep flicking gently on the cardboard 6. Increase the current in circuit graduall 20 to 25 rounds of copper wire. wn in the figure, ry and start the electric current, and observed the arran gement of iron fifi: ly and observe the cha inge in the| arrangement of ite filings. faut fey) Observation : ' J. When electric current stars lowing through the coi Magnets ‘each point on the coil. ; Tine! oF iS AS we go away from the wire, the concentric citgles re i ; i Presenting the, Etinesof forces will become .biggtr...and bigger ee ns the magnetic line: Intencty of eletric current increases the magnet ccs clears agne |, is dependent on the -AMauab.... oPae D horse shoMultiple Choice Questions 1. In above experiment magne... would be use to find direction of magnetic lines of force. istic a, bar magnet dt horse shoe magnet c. dise magnet d, magnetic needle 2. When electric current is passed through the solenoid, its shows magnetic lines of force similar toa.oat..magret H aebar magnet. 'b. horse shoe magnet, Sedjpk magnet. 4, spherical magnet. x) 3. In gcicratarappliance Fleming Left Hand rule is not used. ; acclectricfan =| be mixer, |! c. computer Wt ectric generator 4. Heating effect of electric current does not observed in eleckrif..motor a a. electric oven. b.clectric iron. \pelectic motor, _d. fuse. 5. Qa. .cneler... is used to measure electric resistance in a circuit. a. Voltmeter b.Galvanometer cc. Ammeter -4-Dhm meter + Exercise : 1. What is the reason behind covering wires carring electricity with rubber in some places? TE....wires.....arf...nok. ith... cabber....4D.e..u0h 2. What procedure will you follow to study magnetic field, if you are provided with parafin oil, iron nail, bar magnet, battery, coil conductor wire? i 4 “lake... parnfin...oi)...in..0... Fiat... Aranspareat....plastic...batte will you choose among permanent magnet and electromagnet for Industrial ‘magnet y iB PK gt 7 Justify your answer. InyaeN‘Aim : To study the effect of heat on ice by using a graph. Apparatus : Glass beaker, ice, thermometer, stan .d, tripod stand, spirit lamp or burner. Procedure: { : 7 ) 1 1. Take a few pieces of ice in a glass beaker. 2. Keep beaker on tripod stand and put it on the stand. “| 3. Attach a thermometer on the stand in such a way that the thermometer bulb will completely dip in the ice. 4. Measure the temperature of ice. 5. Arrange the.apparatus as shown in figure. 6. Heat the ice using a burner or spirit lamp. 7. Record the temperature using the thermometer after every minute. 8. Continue the heating and recording temperature even after ice starts melting and boiling 9. Draw a graph of temperature versus time. ' Observation : 1. Least count of thermometer = ro | increim: of heat on ice by using a graph. a fos i een, ice, thermometer, stand, tripod stand, spirit lamp or burner. Figure : (Label the following diagram.) Procedure: | ; 1 1. Take a few pieces of ice in a glass beaker. , 2. Keep beaker on tripod stand and put it on the stand. ' 4, Attach a thermometer on the stand in such a way that the thermometer bulb will completely ip in the ice. 4. Measure the temperature of ice. . Anrange the apparatus as shown in figure. 6: Heat the ice using a burner or spirit amp. 7. Record the temperature usin, i the thermometer after every minute. §- Continue the heating and recording temperature ev, 9. Draw. raph of temperature versus time. 1. Least count of thermometer = ..,ely Inference / Conclusion : 1. Heat energy is absorbed during the transformation of ice in to water and water in to vapours. 1 During..ahe. transition...om.dh...,ckd.,fave..tm liquid. eee and From. eh quit Face Ja... Guscous....6tobt,, heat, £NLGY...i5. absorbed) cioturs...dora..aok..increase «These, Neat. eneigsy..is..ullized, For ig the bonds RE Le toms bj is molec ul o1ce Questions k 1. Which of the following conditions are ot bseryed when heat is supplied to the substance? a. Solid + Liquid, Liquid WSolid + Liquid, Liquid, Gas c. Solid + Gas d. Solid + Gas, Liquid, Gas 2. ‘Latent heat is evovled during the transformation of liquids into solids.’ How will you explain this statement? Heat released and temperature decreases. b. Heat absorbed and temperature increases. ¢. Heat does not absorbed nor released, d. Not sure. 3. In above experiment, ice? ' an27*C, b.0°C c4°C d400°c 4. The increase in temperature of water above its ‘What will be the maximum rise in temperature of water after melting of boiling point in the pressure cooker is due to change in .PreSsuyr....... pressure b. volume —_c. mass d. all of these 4. The temperature of ice can be decreased below 0 °C by mixing ..oa!t.... init, asawdust b.sand —e/salt d. coal + Exercise : What could be explained from the straight horizontal line observed at the begining and end of graph? MAL... A8...reareseats...dhe... conversatiaa os ei Bie ae cg: he «roast 7 eat law... 2. Lonstnok, ae oafarma.Aim : To measare temperature of bot water during natural cooling and plot the graph y versus tne. Apparatus : A 250 m! glass beaker, thermometer with gradation from OF C to 100" C, a clock, Figure : (Label the following diagram.) Procedure : 1. Heat the water in the beaker up to 100°C. 2. Put off the bumer. 3. When the water reaches 70 °C, start measuring the temperature after every minute. 4. Measure the temperature till the water reaches ambient temperature, 5. Plot the graph of temperature versus time (in mins.). Observation: 1. Initial temperature of water before heating = ..Conclusion / Inference : 1. The rate of cooling of water is .Lai.gh... when the difference in the temperature of w. and the ambience is large. 2. This rate duces the temperature of water reduces due to cooling. Precautions / '' tue ' 1. Switch off the ceiling fans in the laboratory before the observations. 2; Let the clock run continuously while cooling, do not stop it ne 4 Multiple Choice Questions 1. Out of the following, .. is the proper method for measuring the temperature of water. 2. While cooling hot water in natural ambience, it follows . type of behaviour out of J = ‘ TN ing are the temperature - time graphs obtained by 4 students in this experiment. Which is likely to be correct? Sei ws = ao the.open in winler. 45; in the open in winter. . inside house in summer.5. Heat is liberated when .walr...Wapout cm oe i b. ice ” . water converts into vapour. fics. . water heats. Ae Grater vOP : Exercise : ie 1. What is indicated by time ~ temperature graph in above activity ? h..indicales... that. ...prDpartiany.... by -betweea.... surrounds, 2. If water of temperatures 80 °C and 60 °C is cooled in two different vessels, which water 8 Cooled faster? Justify your answer. Ane. walen..art...cooledl.. experiment... Shaws... thal ny mox..capidly NED ALICY.....Cernin.. e--Bokh...tui)...readb 3. In two beakers (A and B) 50 ml water of about 70 'C each is taken, Then in beaker A, 500! cof water of about 30°C is added and after $ minutes, in beaker B, 50 ml of water of about 3 sepetes, What would observe if the temperatures of both beakers recorded immo1. Take cold water (10-12 °C temp) in the inner cylinder of the Hope's apparatus. 2.In outer wider container, fill in the freezing mixture of ice and salt. 3. Fix the two thermometers T, (lower) and T, (upper), as shown in the figure. Observe the two temperatures at every minute and make an entry in the observation table I I ce ET 20 ia temperature in inner cylinder ..cle.crrewea... due to freezing Therefore the temperature readings in both the2. MW temperature decreases below . ue °C water starts ree anggeet _— lighter due to decrease in density, It moves upword in the cylinder and the temperature of Upper part of water column decreases to 0 °C. 3. The behaviour of water between the temperature 0 °C to 4 °C is known as 0.3.0.0 ais bebevi 4. What conclusion could you draw from the graph? How is anamolous behaviour of water a proved? a, Mae Heap... Decreca 8a....00) Beat. the leavily of. the water..is. increas ind.. Bu : L deme: leer oaes Raster, than | (t.). Waker hos hq baipke Choice Questions _—* oF O° sl eaganEvch AOE epee buy see, eae a0 c.12 as ' ‘ 2, If two ice cubes are pressed against each other, they stick togather firmly after some time because « 2 a. temperature of the ice cubes reduces. i Dh \e~the melting point of ice reduces to below 0 °C due to the pressure applied. to ¢, temperature around the ice cubes reduces. d. the melting point of ice because 0 °C due to pressure. 3. In above experiment the temperature of freezing mixture is <= a.0to4 b.0to -4 0 to -20 d.-4to4 4. In cold countries in winter, water carrying pipes sometimes break, because a. volume of water reduces if the temperature is reduced below 0°C. b. air pressure increases. c. the steel pipes become brittle due to reduced temperature below 0 °C. Pr ~AVolume of water increases if the temperature is reduced below 0°C. 1. 5. Street ice cream vendors remove the water in their freezing mixture intermittently, as a result 2. = Of Which .oessesssses 3 a. the temperature of the freezing mixture increases. 4 the temperature of the freezing mixture remains constant, 4. c. the temperature of the freezing mixture reduces further. 5 d. the weight of the freezing mixture reduces. ' + Exercise : 1. How to study the anomalous behaviour of water by using Hope's Apparatus 7a..study...onamaloua...beraiaur....the. lemp-ab bere ay. .. 8 Mime... 019..2%..00° ‘ . Page 19. Seoroaes,..rapicly...uptm....4%6,.,.ulhich cindicales _..kbst hy...0f.. ANG. .awoks,...38,... JOCKIN. Bist M.LT.). deotaxa. la! : re)..dear Gs han C7,).wplte bas i be a ernet ian which..prave..anarob wiour sAWatisthe importance a ae L ahe....excephional phe.shudical. hy. ; rob t. deercses..hnelaus 2Aim : To study oxidation and addition reactions of carbon compounds. Apparatus : Test tubes, dropper, burner, etc. Chemical substances : Ethanol, dilute solution of sodium carbonate, dilute solution of potassium Permanganate, alcoholic solution of iodine (tincture iodine), liquified vanaspati ghee, various vegetable oils (groundnut oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, etc.) Procedure : A. Oxidation of ethanol 1, Take 2-3ml of ethanol in a test tube. Add Sm! sodium carbonate solution to it. Warm the mixture by holding the test tube on a burner. i 2. Add dilute solution of potassium permanganate dropwise in it and keep on stirring the mixture. 3. Observe the change in the pink colour of the potassium permanganate when its addition is started. . Reaction : CH,-CH,-OH > CH,-COOH Ethanol alkaline KMnO, Ethanoic acid B. Addition reaction of fatty acids 1. Take 2ml oil in a test tube. Add 4 drops of tincture iodine in it and stir. 2. Observe whether original colour of iodine disappears or not. 3. Repeat the same procedure using the other oils and vanaspati ghee and note in the observation table. E Be ot coloured colourless solution ” solution Observations + ‘A. i. When a dilute solution of potassium permanganate is added to ethanol, initially the pink colour disappears. i. When the addition is continued further, the pirik colour of potassium permanganate does not vanish and stays there. Colour disappears Colour disappears “Colour disappears Colour 5Conclusion / Inference : es a. Re di ethanol to Ca . As potassium permanganate is in this reaction its ... Qi... colour vanishes. ‘ a b. Iodine is consumed due to its addition to fatty acid. Therefore the coloured paso be colourless. But when the same procedure is followed for vanaspati ghee, a similar colour ch; is not observed. As vanapati ghee is saturated hydrocarbon the Additian reaction does not occur there. Multiple Choice Questions 1. What type of reaction is the transformation of ethanol into ethanoic acid? a. Addition reaction b. Substitution reaction Oxidation reaction d. Dehydration reaction 2. In which of the following substances, is ethanol not used? a tonies b. cough mixture, candle d. alcohol 3. What type of carbon-carbon bonds are present in vanaspati ghee? sedsingle bonds b.double bonds _. triple bonds d. none of these 4. Todine decolourises in stearic acid, because ... a. itis saturated, b. itcontains single bonds. eit is unsaturated, The saturated hydrocabon from the following carbon compounds is... d. cannot tell. a. Ethene b. Ethyne c. Ethane Benzene + Exercise : 1. In which industry ethanol is obtained as a byproduct? -Bhanel.. +i6..0...by...omduck. i oT...i8.....abtained thanol in a fuel? he....Puelsa Aim : Comparative study of ecosystems in the surroundings. Apparatus : Note book, pen, pensil, old newspapers etc. Procedure : ~ Select any two different ecosystems in 1 SqKm area around your home or school. Eg. pond, meadow, garden, large trees like banyan, peepal, tamarind, mango, agricultural farm etc. Note down abiotic factors found in them. : é . Collect the samples of plants with different sizes and types. Keep seedlings or branches of plants in folds of old newspapers and dry them properly. Make a scrap book from these herbarium sheets. i |. Note down the names of animals found in both the ecosystems. Collect their diagrams/photos. . Find out the differences between the biotic factors in both the ecosystems. Find out the reasons. ep weMultiple Choice Questions isa PtAMArY. consumer. fe b. secondary = of the following is omnivorous. ‘ b. Grasshopper ¢. Worm Sparrow b contains many .dise.d..chain consumers. b. secondary consumers. c. tertiary consumers.d-Tood chains. ic plants are at the 2x0UCCX. level of food chain. ©. tertiary, d. none of these b. secondary nutrition _s-froducers d. highest b. carnivorous ¢. autotrophic .3-6mnivorous : Exercise : out in the past if there were some biotic and abiotic factors in the ecosystems you have But now they are not found. If this is the situation, find out the reasons for their aa? Sih en op Regen es cation ira i‘Aim + To study the physical and chemical properties of acetic (ethanoic) acid. Apparatus : Test tubes, test tube stands etc. ‘Chemicals : Acetic acid, red and blue litmus solutions, sodium bicarbonate. Procedure Take 2-3ml of acetic acid in a clean, dry test tube. Note down its colour and odour. Add 4~Smil water to the acetic acid in the test tube and mix well. ‘Take 2ml of acetic acid ina testtube and add blue litmus solution to it. Do the same procedure for red litmus solution, Observe both the test tubes. Take 2 ml of acetic acid in a test tube and add a pinch of sodium bicarbonate. Observe Observation and Inference / Conclusion : Acetic acid has Vin eg ai... like odour ‘Odour like Vinegar : Solubility in water Acetic acid .SAIWRIS..... in water. acekic..acid...is fimportant proper] Effect on litmus Blue litmus Turns red Acetic acid is {ae eae ae F Does not change colour aAthdi, -. in nature. a. Colourless and odourless gas bubbles are evolved is i evolved when acetic ci ri, oS teats wh si but ifthe gas is allowed to pass | iat Ponate. for some more time, the lime|,, |’! water Becomes colourless again, |!Multipl -used as preservative for pickl to2 S108 looks like ice due to freezing at b. -10 le Choice Questions i es, is . + % aqueous solution of acetic acid. ©. 25 to 30 d. 100 eens Cs IT 4.4 PKolourtess. ; group in ethanoic acid is . alcohol. b. aldehyde, anoic acid was taken in test tubes - c.white. — Uépink. c. ketone. d. carboxyllic. A, Band C, 2ml, 4ml and 8ml of water was added ie test tubes A, B and C Tespectively. Which test tube will show clear solution? enlyA = b.onlyB_—c.onlyAandB Le d-all : Exercise : microbe is used to extract ethanol from fruit juices and sugar molasses ?. oi... US ho....exkra.stAim : To study the characteristics of microbes that are industrially ar Peiscbes Apparatus + Compound microscope and permanent slides of inny (of tie =” os - streptococcus thermophillis, lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces serevisiac, acetobacter, aspergillus oryzae. Procedure : 1. Select any four permanent slides among the above available in your laboratory. Observe them under compound microscope and note their characteristics. 2. Find out industrial application / use of each. Figure : Gy streptococcus thermophillis saccharomyces serevisiae aspergillus oryzae [_S*-No | Name of the microbe PirtpEococcus eRe Cesare] therm op hi) 2 THEY grow 5M pairs cr lofy ¢ Lactobatilims Acidophijus Nanericn eqach ly Jin 2 water}, Gre “Uni cellat A Ore globose & ell ae; Multiple Choice Questions 1. Citric acid used in Production of beverages, toffees, chocholates is obtained by fermentation of ++» by aspergillus niger, a. grapes OT sugar Molasses cg, apple 2. The amino acid +++ 18 obtained by a. itaconic acid WT lactic acid 4. Microbial enzymes.aren’t used in ie ‘La glass industry, D-tanning of leather. c. cheese Production. d. paper industry. » 4... the antibiotic effective against tuberculosis a-Penicillin &Rifamycin c. Gentamycin 4. Tetracyclin ~ 1s obtained by fermentation of apple juice. Cedar b. Wine ©. Coffee d. Cocoa d. coffee nuts Y microbial process by lactobacillus delbrueckii, c.gluconicacid citric acid ? Exercise : 1. “Long back cheese was not Considered as vegetarian food.” Why? ier....dneese... aided. te the uses of xanthan gum that is obtained by microbial proce: GMINA... quM..AG...2..(0 gu 9x... Sai. | micro organisms arc important in our sein it scp A ave..qeak..cammecticl ppliicatis ees 4 alsaeba! 0. BE fet Segre ali deter pore. dead agicn's and animals p cur place? clean.: Oi geletinous casing/covering. - Wet rocks and bottoms of water reservoirs. independently or symbiotically. They supply nitrogen to the host when they are bacteria look like strings embeded in y are found in soil, phic, as the cell has chlorophyll. as food because it contains vitamins and proteins abundantly. ia anabaena found in azolla, mosquito fern function as biofertilizers. er living independently in soil, fix atmospheric nitrogen. = the bacteria found in soil, wet rocks and water bottoms have ability of photosynthesis. Multiple Cho’ destroys worms in water. ¢. nostoc d. none of these ia nostoc are used as food because they have abundent amount of .. and and vitamin C b. carbohydrates and lipids D ' d. carbohydrates and proteins _ supply natural manure to paddy fields. and vitamin -banabaena ¢. azatobater démostoc following bacteria can perform photosynthesis? b, azatobacter -&-nostoc igure bacteria - anabaena - are found in the plant . by pistia c. salvinia d. marselia 2 n important role in agricultural management ? Pn. lenpartaa! WR \f...10. choulhe Acco pass.C. Aim To perform survey of our building regarding disaster management. Apparatus : Note book, survey charts, oe Procedure : With the help of given charts, mike a survey of your home/building. Give one mark each to the proper answer, In conclusions, write total marks of each survey. Survey Chart : idit Survey Chart Do the wires have proper insulations? | Yes Hsthere regular checking of cables / wire around the builing?” | -yeg Is there are any protective grid around electric Pole? F Are buckets fill with sand kept ready to extinguish electrical S fire? Bir 10_| Do the electric equipments have three pin sockets ? Wer Total Marks: Construction Audit Survey Chart "] Observations What to be audited? Yes/Nos / | Marks ‘Are the inner and outer surfaces of the building properly plastered and painted? Is the construction done under the supervision of proper architect? [3 [Are the columns/beams of the building cracked? [Are there any changes made to original structure at the ume ‘of renovation? Meaghan pes] Dolthe children play outdoor games on the terrace? (it causes damage and leakage 10 the sib)l, does the water j 48 hours? 9 your area experience earthquakes regularly? ‘What to be audited? the building have fire-extinguisher? it in working condition? Total Marks Fire Control Man; ement Audit Survey Chart s Staircase have spaces more than 5 square feel? there an alternative exit to you building ? Yes the list of contact numbers Of fire brigades kept at front side the building? ee there any scrap kept near the main elecrical connections ? No es the fire brigade arrange regular Mock Drills? No. ii re there any inflammable chemicals kept in buiding or home ne ises? as cylinder kept away from fridge? Ye, ai a {each floor provided with enough first aid material? ee } Total Marks to above observations, your home/buiding has secured following marks Audit Marks Remark ical Audit \ction Audit ae | ntrol Management AuditMultiple : % ust not do? 1. At the time of fire, which of the following things we ™' i ible Inform fire brigade b. Evacuate the uling 5 crt Foy Use litt . Call for help from window 2. .. of the following is manmade disaster. | a.Earthquake b. Flood —_—_c. Meteonic. «¢ Poisonous gas leak 3, We don't get information of... in the disaster management a a. outsiders or helpers come to know about exact location of people. b. it becomes easier to help needy / weak people. ¢. local time, et institutes or government can work with the local people at time suitable for them. 4. What will you do, if the domestic gas cylinder bursts? a. sprinkle water. bethrow soil or sand. ¢. cover the cylinder with wet bedsheet. d. run away. 5. What will you do, if you experience earthquake inside the home? a. Take shelter below a table. <28-Come outside the home, in a open space. c. Stay away from electric pole. 4. All of these. : Exercise : 1. Why the survey of our building/ home/ school regarding disaster management is necessary? The...surwesy...hel os...ud..10,,..dd, cork. rishs...and...macemk Pe Factn......da..cthy 2, Explain any one disaster you faced. What are the efforts you used to came out from that disaster? | Remark and ‘Signature .....1 To show that carbondioxide is evolved in paratus : 25-30 seeds of lentils like rubber cork, etc. + Potassium hydroxide pallets, the process of respiration. mung, mutki, water, cotton, conical flask, bent tube, « Soak the given seeds in water overn; that they will sprout. Take these wet sprout in a conical flask; so that their respiration will be continued. Insert a test tube containing KOH pallets, in the conical flask. Tightly fit a rubber cork with bent tube and make the flask air tight. Insert the other end of bent tube in a beaker containing coloured water. Mark the level of coloured water in the bent tube. ight. Then keep them in wet cotton for some hours, so = Keep this set steady for 15 minutes and again marks the water level in the bent tube. J. Note your observations. Polassiumn oxide evolved in respiration is absorbed by .Hydrnxide, therefore water level in bent tube rises. pallies Multiple Choice Questions showing that CO, is evolved during respiration process in plants ~ arrange in proper order. / ds in water, overnight. Keep them in conical flask, flask with cork fitted with "U" tube. ODGEARI-K.respirari on AB. anuerobie respiration _ d.non of these.3. Mohan prepared lime water and next month used it for the experiment showing CO, i evolved inthe process of respiration. - i, White precipitate is formed. White precipitate is not formed. ime water must be fresh. iv. Lime water can be used anytime, 5 a. (ii) is correct, ii) and (iii) are correct. ¢. (i) and (iv) are correct. d. (ii) and (iv) are correct. 4, Before arranging the experiment "Carbon dioxide evolved during the process of respiration”, the seeds must be . a | a. completely dried. b. boiled to soften them. c. soaked if vinegar. AC kept moist till germination. 5. The seeds respirate at the time of germination. While showing this experiment a test tube with KOH is kept in the conical flask to .. . supply. oxygen necesary for respiration. A create space in the conical flask by absorbing co,. ¢. absorb, water ftom the seeds and dry them. 4. make the air in the conical flask, acidic. : Exercise : 1. How do the | [Process of respiration occur in living organisms ? th. Jnang. cellular ...1eve), ed on quick exersise? On..d9in.§...quicl...e1ersis break