Intern No.

267

Name: Hamza

Branch: HR

ASSIGNMENT

Types of indoor and outdoor plants

&

Home garden and urban Horticulture

 Deputy Director Human Resource

Major Abdur Rehman Khurram Butt (Retired)

(06-March-2023)

Types of indoor and outdoor plants

Indoor Plants Provide Great Health Benefits. In addition to enhancing the

beauty of a home, indoor plants offer some pretty
substantial health benefits. Usually, indoor plants are easy to take care of
and require little effort, so the advantages of improving mental health,
cleaning toxins from the air, and reducing allergies can be easily afforded.

Breathe better air;

 Indoor plants help rid the air of common toxins and
indoor pollutants such as formaldehyde and benzene. In fact,
one research found that the bromeliad plant removed more than 80
percent of six volatile organic compounds (out of eight studied) in a 12-
hour period, while the dracaena plant removed 94 percent of acetone
(the pungent compound in many nail polish removers).

The air purification ability of plants depends on factors such as size of

the plant, size of the indoor space, and amount of toxins in the air, but 6
to 8 medium to large plants throughout a large room should be enough
to make a noticeable difference in the air quality.

Therapeutic use;
 Along those same lines, growing and caring for
plants can play a role in a person’s formal recovery process with a
horticultural therapist. “Horticulture therapy is the practice of using plants
within a well-organized recovery and wellness treatment plan that
involves professionals creating and setting measurable goals for the
person on the receiving end of care to achieve.

Comfort ability;

Not only do indoor plants add color and liveliness

to your space, but they also change physical aspects of the environment
in pleasant ways. “Plants can be used to increase the relative humidity
indoors, reduce noise, screen unattractive areas, and moderate room
temperature by shading a bright, sunny window,” says Altman. Before
you fill a space with furniture and accessories, take some time to think
about how you want to feel in that room and how plants might help you
achieve that vibe.

1. Begonia
Wax, Rieger, and Angel-Wing Begonia are among the best
varieties. Begonia flowers throughout their blooming season, which is
from May-October. 

02. Dracaena
One of the best houseplants,dracena thrives well in the shade. This plant
can grow up to 2-3 feet indoors and looks like a small, bushy tree. 

3. Creeping Fig
Creeping fig is known to be an eager climber and you can train it on
small trellis. Keep it trimmed to ensure the growth stays in check.

4. Chinese Evergreen

Chinese Evergreen is one of the best plants to grow indoors that don’t
require constant, direct sunlight. 

Money tree plant

Money tree plant is tropical, native to Central

and South America. It typically grows in marshy wetlands where there’s
plenty of moisture and high humidity. Indoors, you’ll see the best results
if you can mimic those natural growing conditions.

Sunlight. In a typical indoor setting, place your money tree plant in a

spot with bright, indirect light. That means near a sunny window, where
there’s plenty of ambient light for your plant. Too much sunlight can burn
leaves, leading to brown patches. Too little light, and leaves tend to turn
yellow. Remember to rotate your plant a little each time you water to
keep growth even and not leaning toward the light.

Hhh

When it comes to our homes, we try everything to make it beautiful and

revive the maximum positive energy in every corner of the house. We all
love greenery and try to furnish the open spaces of our front yards and
backyards with fresh plants. Plants are loved because of the
uncountable benefits they shower on us but also the rejuvenating aura
they create. Money plants are both indoor and outdoor plants that
according to Vastu and Feng Shui, kept anywhere will fill the house with
prosperity and wealth. A money plant is one of the most common
 household plants. You can easily spot it indoors in houses, offices,
cafes, shops, on your balcony or in a hanging basket gracious the
people at that place. Money plants are also commonly known as Golden
Pothos, Devils Ivy, Devils Vine, etc.

Mother in Law Plant;

The snake plant or mother-in-law’s tongue is an

evergreen, succulent perennial plant that rarely flowers during the spring
season. The leaves are long and strap-like, growing up to 100cm long
and 2cm wide. Both sides of the leaf surface have white, Yellow or light
grey patterns on them and are slightly glossy.

In Snake Plant, small flowers grow on spikes up to 60cm tall and are
pretty inconspicuous, these flowers are white in color and highly
fragranced. After flowering, the plant produces small berries containing
the seeds. 
The snake plant is native to East Africa. It has been growing there for
millennia without changing much because of its perfect adaptation to the
desert-like conditions.

Areca Palm;
It is hard to believe that the areca palm (Dypsis
lutescens) is considered an endangered species in its native
Madagascar.1 If you drive down almost any street in a warm stateside
climate, you are likely to see dozens of these tall, attractive, clumping
palms that look a lot like bamboo. These palms have smooth, sometimes
golden trunks that are reminiscent of bamboo clumps. Their fronds are
narrow and full, almost like bamboo leaves. When grown outdoors, they
are often used as a privacy screen. They are best planted in the spring,
and they have a slow to moderate growth rate.

kangi palm;

This is also called kungi (comb) palm in Urdu speaking

areas. [6] This very symmetrical plant supports a crown of shiny, dark
green leaves on a thick shaggy trunk that is typically about 20 cm (7.9 in)
in diameter, sometimes wider. The trunk is very low to subterranean in
young plants, but lengthens above ground with age.

Elephant Ear;
Elephant ears are tropical perennial plants
grown for the appeal of their large leaves rather than their flowers.
Elephant ear is the common name for several species in three plant
genera—Colocasia, Alocasia, and Xanthosoma. The most common one
is Colocasia esculenta, also known as taro. These fast-growing plants will
achieve their full size within two months and are generally planted in the
spring after all danger of frost has passed and soil temperatures have
warmed to at least 70 degrees Fahrenheit. You can also plant them later
in early summer.
Whatever the species, elephant ears are dramatic, exotic plants with huge
heart-shaped leaves, used as accent plants or as a feature in tropical-
themed water or bog gardens. Their leaves can reach 3 feet long and 2
feet wide in the tropics; in colder climates, they will remain smaller but still
have impressive leaves.

Ulta khug plant;

This is outdoor plant which give a attractive look. It

moves from soil to upward and its leaves are look opposite side so that
why it names as this.
 Home gardening and urban Horticulture

Urban gardening is the process of growing plants of all types and

varieties in an urban environment. Urban gardening, which is also
known as urban horticulture or urban agriculture, encompasses
several unique gardening concepts.
Home gardening involves growing fruit, vegetables and herbs for personal
consumption, as well as creating aesthetics and diversity for bird and insect
life with attractive flower beds. Home gardening requires gardening
knowledge, ongoing nurturing of plants, maintenance skills, and consistent
improvement.

Types of urban gardens

 Container gardening Indoor gardening
Community gardening Guerilla gardening Green roofs Vertical
gardening
Container garden Vertical garden Guerilla garden Indoor garden
Green roof garden Community garden
Benefits of urban gardening;
Provides a local source of food Brings
communities and families together Educates urban children about the
origins of food Adds green spaces to cities Helps prevent soil erosion
Mitigates stormwaterrunoff Helps filter air and rain water Mitigates the
urban heat island effect Creates leisure and recreational spaces for
humans.

Importance;
The growing populations in urban areas and the decrease in available
land are major constraints to sustainable crop production in and around
cities. All over the world, many people do not get enough food and
proper nourishment. Urban horticulture which is the production of
vegetables, herbs, medicinal and ornamental plants around cities may
serve as a solution. Worldwide, temperatures vary in different seasons
and urban growers face challenges in sustaining production due to poor
yield and crop losses. Therefore, urban horticultural growers may need
to employ new techniques and tools to improve their practices. However,
many of these recent developments require capital, access to specific
information, knowledge, and resources to improve their skills on
production, processing, and marketing of their produce. This paper
reviews the recent developments in urbanization and urban horticulture,
the types of urban horticulture as well as tools and techniques in urban
horticulture. The focus of this paper is on recent developments in vertical
farming systems (hydroponics, aeroponics, and aquaponics) including
organic vertical farming research. Also listed in this study are solutions
that urban horticulture provides such as provision of food security and ,
poverty alleviation. Some of the concerns, challenges, and benefits in
urban vertical farming systems would also be explored.

 Steps for Home Gardening;

1. Start small. 

Do not try to create a massive garden from day 1. You might become
overwhelmed. Choose a small space to work with and expand as you
become more confident and comfortable with your skills. 

2. Finding the proper spot.

If you plan to grow vegetables, you need to choose a spot that gets
about 6 hours of full sunshine every day. If you do not know how to tell
how many hours of sun your chosen space gets, you can use a sun
calculator (which is a device you just push into the soil and leave there
for the day). 

Do not place your veggie garden bed next to tall trees as the roots may
interfere with the success of your garden. Also, make sure that it is in a
position that is convenient for you to reach every day.
3. Access to water.
Make sure that you have access to water nearby. If you do not have a
tap that is right next to your intended garden space, you will need to
invest in a long hose with a control nozzle. Watering your garden daily is
important, and if you plan to do all your watering with a watering can,
you might get frustrated with all the back and forth.

4. Preparing the soil.

Next, you have to prepare the soil for the plants. If the soil is quite
compacted, you have your work cut out for you. You should loosen the
soil so the plants can grow easily and so that it also drains well. Till the
soil with a broad fork, a tiller, or a regular digging fork.

5. Add organic compost.

Once the soil is loosened, put in some organic compost. Simply spread
the compost on the outer layer of your tilled soil in the areas where you
will plant.

6. Create beds. 
Create beds by digging the soil from the intended pathways and placing
it in the areas where you will plant. You can build the beds up a few
centimeters.

7. Grading of the beds. 

Now, you need to do a bit of grading of the beds. A home garden bed
needs to be about 1m wide, unlike farm produce rows, which seem to be
much narrower. A wide bed will allow your veggie plant’s roots a lot more
space to spread and grow.

8. Water the garden. 

Water the entire garden and allow some time for the beds to settle. It is
common for weed seeds to germinate and start to grow in the days to
follow tilling – this is normal. Hold off planting for now and rather visit the
garden space every few days and remove the young weeds from the
beds.
9. Plant your new seeds.
Plant your new seeds into the beds by following the planting instructions
on the seed packet. If you are like me and like to scoop seeds out of the
vegetables that you eat, make sure that you do a little research into how
to grow and nurture the plant for the best yields.

The Many Benefits of Home Gardening

Home gardening is good for a variety of reasons. Below are a few of the benefits to
expect if you start home gardening.

1. Food security.
Buying absolutely everything from the supermarket is bound to put you in a grave
position if, for some reason, you no longer have access to the supermarket food. You
could lose your car, run out of money, or be separated from your food sources by a
storm – then what?

Growing your own food is a great way to ensure food security for you and your family.

2. Reduced cortisol in the body – less stress.

When the body experiences stress, cortisol is produced. Cortisol is a stress hormone.

Gardening is said to help the body relax and reduce the amount of cortisol thus reducing
feelings of stress. 

3. Improved immune system.

Did you know that you can boost your immune system by being in direct contact with
dirt? Gardening is, therefore, the perfect way to boost your immune system. 

4. Good workout.

Gardening can be as good as a workout as spending time in the gym. If you want to
improve your fitness and do not particularly want to join a gym class, take up gardening.
While you are gardening you will be pushing a wheelbarrow, digging, walking up and
down while carrying things, reaching, and cutting – all of these actions are a form of
exercise.
5. Reduce your carbon footprint.

Everything we do in life seems to have a negative impact on the

environment. Green living is becoming the norm, and people who want
to reduce their carbon footprint can do so by putting carbon and GHGs
into the soil via permaculture and organic substances. You can also
provide a home environment for birds, insects, and other creatures and
critters that might have lost their natural homes due to development.

6. Increase property value

When you create a beautiful outdoor space, the value of your property

increases along with its curb appeal.