LFIS Camera

Hao Wang
2018-02-12
 Content
Camera Type
Connection Type
IP Camera & Lens Selection
Camera Installation & Settings
Advanced
Body Camera & Smart Glasses

Q&A

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 Camera Type
ONVIF Compatible IP Camera
This is most typical camera should be used for LFIS, and it is the mainstream today, 95% IP camera should support ONVIF protocol. ONVIF
defines standard interface, such as discovery camera, acquire streaming URL, manage camera, etc.

Webcam
Laptop built-in or connected by USB, it is good for trial and test.

Mobile Camera (body, worn, smart device, etc.)

CCTV Camera (Analog)
Relative to IP camera, CCTV Camera is ready a history today, but there are still 50% installed. LFIS can support CCTV camera through a ONVIF
compatible DVR/VCR. Which is DVR get analog signal from CCTV camera, and streaming digital data on IP network again.

Legacy IP Camera
Some legacy IP camera do not support ONVIF, but LFIS can work with it by an known streaming URL, contact the vendor to get the URL. It is not
recommended, just tell the truth.

Others
Except above cameras, there are industry camera, etc.

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 Connection Type
Webcam (external or built-in)

Connect locally thru USB cable

LFIS Connects to IP camera

directly by RTSP (ONVIF)
RTMP
Media Server

IP Camera
LFIS Connects to
analog camera by DVR
LFIS Server Streaming to RTMP Media Server

Analog Camera
Traditional CCTV Body or Any other type
IP Camera to Cloud Sport Camera of cameras

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 IP Camera = = =

 IP Camera likes a DSLR camera in theory, which is composed of body and lens, and it is
connect to Ethernet network to provide video streams.

Raw Light Converted Light Raw Pixel Signal Compress Video

MPEG, MP4, H.264/5 …

Lens Sensor Digital Processor

• Fixed or Zooming
• F-Stop
• Sizing (refer to sensor)
• Select proper lens for different
distance.
• Fixed is better in production
• Zooming is better in demo and test.
• ¼”, 1/3”, ½.5”, ½.8”, 1/1.8”, … • ONVIF is implemented here.
• Larger is better. • H.265 has double compression ratio than
• Min illumination. H.264/MP4.
• Low light feature. • MJPEG is an old format.
• Provide Web Configuration generally.

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 IP Camera Type
Bullet Camera
• High quality in general
• Lens is independent
• Lens can be fixed or zoom
• Indoor/outdoor
• Special usage
360 degree Camera
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Dome or Box Camera PTZ Camera
• Most popular for general surveillance. • Lens integrated.
• Lens integrated (selectable). • Lens is zoom.
• Lens is fixed (in general) • Rotate in horizontal or vertical.
• Most cheap. • Expensive.
• Indoor/outdoor
 Typical Settings if default or automated is not working well
Sensor Lighting Shutter Brightness Moving Output
Image Quality
X Condition
X Speed
X Tuning
X Speed
= Images
Shutter speed
Maximum exposure time for each frame, shorter for faster moving target, longer to get brighter image. 1/100 to 1/200 second is value range
as we experienced for most scenario. In some special dark environment, reset it to default to get bright images.
Brightness
Make image brighter/darker by software, just tuning in visual.

Video
Resolution
High resolution (such as 4K) is not always needed, select proper resolution by your use case. Higher resolution, higher computing cost. 1080p
is good enough for most scenarios.
Codec & Bitrate
Codec - H264 (most popular), H265 (high compression ratio) or MPG4, or MJPEG (low compression ratio).
Bitrate – 512K to 16M. For 1080p/H264, >=2M is acceptable, >=4M is good, >=8M is perfect.
Frames per second (FPS)
2-60. Generally 25 (default) is good enough. If customer’s computing resource is limited and accept lower face detection accuracy (or the
scenario is not critical, easy to capture faces), change to lower FPS is a solution, such like 15 (good), 5 (acceptable), 2 (working), etc.

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 Camera Model Selection
Select famous brands to reduce quality, security, stability and support risk.
Select model according to the scenario (lighting condition / moving speed).
Low end for good lighting condition and low budget.
High end for complex lighting condition and high budget.
The price can be from 20 US$ to 20,000 US$.

Select lens according to the scenario (the distance range to detect face), fixed or zooming
lens, built-in or attached. Wide angle lens may have distortion issue.
Others
Camera technology is evolving day by day, newer is better generally.
Different countries/areas may have different options/models.

LFIS on Confluence will update recommended models continuously.

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 Installation
IMPORT
Consider below factors LFIS does not care about the camera spec
Low lighting and the installation !!!
Strong back or side lighting
LFIS only takes care about the Face Image
Changing lighting
in final video frame.
Distance (want to recognize face)
• Face size
Height Pixels between eye balls, min 24 pixels, recommend > 40 pixels.
Best practice • Pose
< 30, recommend < 15 degrees.
Consult expert.
• Exposure is good
Trial in lab.
• Blur not

Tuning an IP Camera is very similar to tune a DSLR camera.

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 Face Image Samples
Good Bad Good Good Bad

Strong lighting Strong lighting &

Crazy Running & Auto settings Manual settings Captured at 50m Low lighting

Poor Good Poor Poor Bad

Back lighting & Person in the room

Sunbeam in view Back lighting Side lighting Strong Pose
(view at out of door)

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 Advanced – Body Camera & Smart Glasses
Body Camera is similar to IP Camera on Cloud, the body camera sends video streams to
LFIS thru RTMP Server.
Common body cameras have sports camera, law enforcement camera, others.. Connection types are
3/4G, WIFI or no connection (HDMI output by a converter to support RTMP).
Most critical issue is streaming stability issue thru wireless network (3/4G or WIFI).
Other issues. Wide or fisheye lens, battery issue, charging solution, easy to use, moving issue, etc.
Smart Glasses is similar to Android phone, just in different shape and user interaction mode.

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 Q&A
How long distance does LFIS can capture a face?
It is decide by your camera (resolution) and the mounted lens (focal length), LFIS does not care, select proper camera and lens for
different distance.
The answer is the same for can LFIS capture face in dark/night, etc.
LFIS only takes care about the face image quality in video frame, please refer to Installation slide.
Does LFIS support IR or NIR camera?
Yes, but the accuracy is not guaranteed, LFIS does not optimize for IR image, and does not test for IR image. Generally, the quality
of IR image is worse than color image, the quality affects the accuracy a lot.
Does customer’s exist camera (CCTV or IP) can be used for LFIS?
Physical - Can LFIS get the video stream from the camera thru network?
Logical – Are the face images in the video qualified? Refer to Installation and Face Image Samples slides.
Tragic: Most of surveillance camera cannot be used by LFIS, it is logical reason. Most of surveillance mounted wide
angle lens, the face in video frame is very small in certain distance, cannot meet minimal requirement. Most of
surveillance installed at a high position, and cannot capture frontal face images.

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