Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 10

I. Objectives:
At the end of the lesson the students are expected to:
1. Illustrate the permutations of the distinct objects,
2. Use the formula for finding the permutation of n objects taken r at a time;
2. Solve problems involving permutations
II. Subject Matter
Topic: Permutations (distinct object)
Reference: Mathematics Learner’s Module Grade 10
Materials:

III. Teaching Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Learners’ Activity

A. Preparatory Activities
1. Prayer
2. Greetings
3. Review/Drill

B. Developmental Activities

1. Motivation
Now, you will form a group with five members.
So this row will be group 1, this row will be
group 2, group 3, group 4, group 5, group 6,
group 7 and group 8. Form a circle now. Faster.

Are you in your groups now?

Very good. Now, I will give you 4 cards with the

letters M, A, T and H written on each card.

Do you have your cards now?

Now I want you to put your card on the table
face down. Shuffle it three times.

Done?

Now, from those 4 cards, choose 3 cards and

face that card up. Now, you have three letters. In
a 1 whole sheet of paper, I want you to record
the possible arrangement of those 3 letters. I
will give you five minutes to do that.
Understood?
(After 5 minutes)
Are you done?

Now, using all the cards, I want you to record all

the possible arrangements of the four cards. I
will give you 5 minutes to do that.

(After 5 minutes)
Are you done?
Now, Using all four cards, how many
arrangements do you have? Yes group
1?

How about the other groups, do you have the

same answer with group 1?

Okay. Later we will check if your answers are

correct. How about the three letters, how many
possible arrangements do you have? Yes group
5?

Are your answers the same with their answer?

Okay. We will check later if your answers are
correct.

2. Presentation of the Lesson

Now class, say for example, you were riding on
a bus with 2 of your friends and there were 3
vacant seats in a row.
In how many ways can you arranged yourself?
So I need three volunteers here in front.
Yes Mikaela, Jason and Arc.
Say for example, Mikaela, Jason and Arc were on
the bus, and these are the vacant seats.

So one possible arrangement is that

Mikaela is beside Jason and Arc, or we can
represent it in symbols. So one possible
arrangement is MJA. Who can give me another
arrangement?

Yes, Michelle? Another possible arrangement is Mikaela, Arc

and Jason.
Very Good. In symbols, MAJ. Who can give
another possible arrangement?

Yes Antonette? Another possible arrangement is Arc, Jason and

Mikaela.
That’s right. Another one? Yes Rommel? Arc, Mikaela and Jason is a possible
arrangement.
Very good Rommel. How about you,
Andrew? Jason, Mikaela and Arc is also a possible
Very Good. Is there any possible arrangement arrangement.
that was not mentioned?

Yes Sushmita? Another possible arrangement is Jason, Arc and

Mikaela.
Very Good. Any possible arrangement that was
not mentioned? None?
Let’s list down the possible arrangements you
mentioned.
MJA AMJ
MAJ JMA
AJM JAM

Okay, Mikaela, Jason and Arc, you can now take

your seats.
Now, how many possible arrangements are
there?
Yes Francis? There are six possible arrangements.

Very good. So there are six possible

arrangements for three people sitting on 3 seats
on a bus.
How about if there were 8 people in a bus? Do
we have to list all the possible

Do you think it will take us a lot of time?

3. Discussion
Now class, instead of listing all the possible
arrangement of an object, mathematics has an
easy way of solving problems, which is
concerned with arrangements.

And that is by Permutation.

“Permutation refers to any one of all possible
“Permutation refers to any one of all possible arrangements of the elements of the given set.”
arrangements of the elements of the given set.”

For instance, given a set of distinct objects, we

can arrange them in one of several ways. Like
what we did with the possible sitting
arrangements of Mikaela, Arc and Jason. The
listed arrangement are the permutations of the
distinct objects.
 “Rule no. 1: The number of permutations of n
Now, let’s discuss the rules of permutation. distinct objects arranged at the same time is
Kindly read, Marie? given by n!”
Thank you Marie.

Class, n! = n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3) … 3.2.1. Say for

example, 5•4•3•2•1=5! and we read this as
“Five factorial”. So 5! = 120.

In our example a while ago, how many distinct

objects do we have? Yes
We have 3 distinct objects.
Marc?
They are Mikaela, Arc and Jason.
And what are they Marc?
Very good Marc. Remember class that the object
that we are talking about is the subject that is
being permuted. It may be an animal, a person,
a letter, or any other things.

Going back to our example, we have three

objects, so to find the possible permutations, we
will have 3!.
3! = 3•2•1
=6
3! Is equal to six. Is it the same to our answer a
while ago?
So instead of listing all the possible
permutations of an object, we can use n! in
order to find on how many ways can we Yes maam.
arranged n objects. Understood?

Let’s have another example.

In how many ways can 4 people arrange

themselves in a row for picture taking? Try to
solve this problem by yourselves.
Yes Maam.
Okay. Are done? Who wants to solve on the
4!= 4•3•2•1
board?
Yes Harvey? =24
Very good Harvey!

Now let’s proceed to rule no. 2. Yes, Jason kindly “Rule no. 2: The number of possible objects
read? taken r at a time is given by
𝑛!
Thank you Jason. nPr =(𝑛−𝑟)!
Say for example, we have 5 passengers and
there were only 3 vacant seats. In how many
ways can we arranged the 5 passengers?
Rule no.2 can answer this question. This means
that we will take 5 passengers 3 at a time or 5P3.
Substituting to the formula, we have,
 5! 120
5P3 =(5−3)! = = 60
2

So there are 60 possible arrangements of taking

5 passengers 3 at a time.

Understood? Yes Maam.

Okay let’s have another example for rule

number 2 and this time you’ll be the one to solve
it.

In a school club, there are 5 possible choices for

the president, a secretary, a treasurer, and an
auditor. Assuming that each of them are
qualified for any of these positions, in how many
ways can the 4 officers be elected?

Are you done?

Who wants to solve on the board?

Yes Kim? 𝑛!
nPr =(𝑛−𝑟)!
5! 120
5P4=(5−4)! = 1
= 120
Is the work of Kim correct?
Yes ma’am.
Okay. Very good Kim.

Is there any question class? No ma’am.

C. Generalization
How are you going to calculate the different
permutations of distinct objects? We can calculate the different permutations
𝑛!
by using the formula nPr =(𝑛−𝑟)!
Excellent!

What is a permutation?
“Permutation refers to any one of all possible
arrangements of the elements of the given set.”
Very good class!

D. Application
This time let’s have another group activity. So
this will the group 1, group 2, 3, 4 and 5. Each
group will be given an envelope that contains
the problem. All you have to do is to solve it and
once you’re done the group secretary will write
your solution on the board while the group
reporter will explain your work in front. You
only have 5 minutes for that. Is there any None ma’am.
question class? Yes ma’am.
Am I clear?

(Problems inside the envelope)

Group 1
Suppose you secured your laptop using a
password. Later you realized that you
forgot the 5-digit code. You only
remembered that the code contains the
digits 1, 4, 3, j and B. how many possible
codes are there?

Group 2
Suppose that in a certain association,
there are 12 elected members of the
Board of Directors. In how many ways
can a president, a vice president, a
secretary and a treasurer be selected
from the board?

Group 3
A dress shop owner has 8 new dresses
that she wants to display in the window.
If the window has 5 mannequins, in how
many ways can she dress them up?

Group 4
In how many different ways can 5
bicycles be parked if there are 4
available parking spaces?
 Group 5
If there are 10 people and only 6 chairs
are available, in how many ways can they
be seated?

(After 5 minutes)
Yes ma’am.
Are you done class? (Group secretary writes their solution on the
So now, secretary of each group write your board)
solutions on the board.
(Group reporters’ explain their work.)
This time, group reporter explain your work.

Very good class!

E. Back Home Application

IV. Evaluation
Direction: Choose the letter that you think is the correct answer.
1. What is the term that refers to the possible arrangements of things?
a. Combination c. Presentation
b. Organization d. Permutation
2. Which of the following formula is appropriate in getting the permutations of n object taken r at a
time?
𝑛!
a. 𝑟𝑃𝑛 = (𝑟−𝑛)! c. . 𝑟𝑃𝑛 = 𝑟!

𝑛!
b. . 𝑛𝑃𝑟 = (𝑛−𝑟)! d. . 𝑛𝑃𝑟 = 𝑛!

3. In how many ways can the letters w, x, y, and z be arranged in a row?

a. c.
b. d.
4. How many 4-digit numbers can be formed from the numbers 1, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 9 if repetition of digits
is not allowed?
a. c.
b. d.
5. Michael received 7 paintings from his boss as a reward for his good work. He wants to hang it on
his wall horizontally. In how many possible ways can he arrange it all? (Show your solution)
a. 7 c. 210
b. 49 d. 5040

V. Assignment
Think about of a situation that involves arrangements. What you’re going to do is to:
1. Write all possible permutations of n object taken all at a time.
2. Write all possible permutations of n object taken r at a time.
Note: The value of your n must be greater than 4 and the value of your r must be greater than 3.

For example, if you are watching athletic games. Say ten runners join a race. In how many possible
ways can they be arranged as first, second and thirds placers? Then answer.