Professional Documents
Culture Documents
& jurisprudence
(Basic concepts of islamic law and jurisprudence)
Course instructor
Islamic studies:
H. SYED MUBASHAR KAZMI
LAW:
Law is the aggregate set of rules set by a man as
politically superior, or sovereign to men, as political
subjects.
(john Austin)
ISLAMIC LAW
Fiqh Shari’iah
1. Holy Quran
1. Ijma
(direct and unaltered (Consensus among.
words religeous scholars)
1. Qiyas
of GOD) (process of deductive
2. Hadith (Sunnah) Analogy)
(words and actions.
3. Ijtihad (Juristic preference)
attributed to Prophet (A means to seek ease
Muhammad S.A.W) and
convenience)
Classification of islamic law
Islamic legal History and growth
Nature of pre islamic law
No law
No any Government
• Slavery
• Usury (Riba)
Social conditions
Male Dominated
Society
Hypocritical Relation
No justice
Religion in pre- Islamic Arabs
• Idol-worshippers of polytheists
• Atheists
• Zindiqs
• Sabines
• Jews
when the Romans destroyed jerusalem in A.D 70 and drove the jews out of
Palestine and Syria, many of them found new homes in Hijaz in Arabia . Under
their influence many Arabs also became converts to Judaism . Their strong
centers were the towns of Yathrib, Khayber, Fadak and Umm-ul-Qura
• Chritians
The Romans had converted the north Arabian tribe of Ghassan to christianity.
Some clans of Ghassan had migrated to and had settled in Hijaz , In the
south, there were many christians in Yemen where the creed was originally
brought by the Ethiopian invaders . Their strong center was the town of
Najran
• Monotheists
The first period
The second period
Al-Khulaf’a Al Rashidu’n
The Maliki school of law was founded by imam Malik bin Anas. He was born in
Medinah . Imam malik was a judge. He wrote a book named al-Muwata (the
leveled path) .The pupils of Imam Malik included Imam Muhammad and
Imam Dhafi. though Medina was the birthplace of the Maliki school and from
there spreadout the Hijaz, North africa and spain. It is still predominant in
Morocco Algeria, Tunisia and Tripalitania , the sudan , Bahrain and Kuwait.
Shafi School