The University of Zambia Department of Physics University Examinations 2020-21 PHY1040: Introductory Medical Physics Time: Three hours. Maximum marks = 100. All questions carry equal marks, The marks are shown in brackets. Question 3s ‘compulsory. Attempt the cover page of the answer script which questions you only four more questions. Cl have attempted. wn the answer book as well as on the answer sheet for Write clearly only your computer number of Question 1. Tie them together. Organise the answer script properly. show your working clearly. Omission of essential work will ead to loss of marks. For Question 1, you must use the blank answer sheet provided.SECTION A A. A footballer throws a soccer ball at 45° above horizontal with a velocity of 3.5 m/s. The horizontal component. of the velocity will be: (a) 3.0 m/s (b) 2.0 m/s (c) 3.5 m/s (d) 2.5 m/s B. Which of the following physical quantities is not a vector: (a) acceleration (b) current(c) momentum(d) speed ~~ C. A hunter on a hill aims at the head of a monkey hanging fromi a branch of a tree. The hunter ‘and the monkey are at the same height from the ground. Just the instant he fires, the monkey drops. The bullet: (a) will hit the head of the monkey. (b) will pass over the head of the monkey. (c) will pass below the head of the monkey. (d) may or may not hit the head of the monkey D. A person stands on a scale in an clevator. His apparent weight will be the greatest when the elovator (a) is standing still. (b) is accelerating downward. (c) is accelerating upward. (d) is moving upward at constant velocity. E, In an automobile collision, how docs an airbag lessen the blow to the passenger? Assume as a result of the collision, the passenger stops. (a) The stopping impulse is the same for either the hard objects or the airbag. Unlike the windshield or dashboard, the air bag increases the stopping time and thus reduces the average force on the passenger. (b) The airbag is there to insure the seatbelt holds. (c) The air bag decreases the momentuin change of the passenger in the collision. (d) During the collision, the force from the air bag is groater than would be the force from the windshicld or dashboard so the passenger cannot hit the hard objects. F. A body of radjus & and mass m is rolling horizontally without slipping with speed m. Tt then rolls up @ hill to a maximum height h = 42. The body's rotational inertia is: (a) dm. (b) $m? (c) $mR?. (d) mR? G. Steam at 100°C is more dangerous than the same mass of water at 100°C because the steam (a) contains more internal energy. (b)moves faster, heat capacity. (¢) is less dense, (d) has a higher specificH. When the temporature of the ambient is equal to the body temperature, how does the body Jose heat to maintain constant internal temperature? (0) a. rough convection, (b) Uhrough sweating. (@) through conduction. (d) through radiation, The amount of work 0.0.6 KW electric drill can do in 1 minute is: (a) A. 36-4. (b) 364d, (c) 0.6. (A) 0.6 kd. K. ‘Tho first law of thermodynamics states that (a) a, the heat energy pumped into a system goes to raise its internal energy and enable it to perform work. (b) the hent energy pumped into a thermodynamic system goes into performing work only. (c) the work done by a system raises its internal energy (d) the heat jc system goes into lowering its internal energy and energy pumped into a thermodyn performing work by the system,SECTION B : Answer any four. Question two (a) A 23 g bullet travelling at 230 m/s penetrates a 2.0 kg block of wood and emerges cleanly at 170 m/s. If the block is stationary on a frictionless surface when hit, how fasédoes it move after the bullet emerges? '9) (b) The speed of a nerve impulse in a human body is about 100 m/s. If you accidentally stub your toe in the dark, estimate the time it takes the nerve impulse to travel to your brain. ‘What would happen if tho speod of the nerve impulse was much lower say 1 m/s? Assume you are 1.7 m tall [4] (c) While exploring a cave, a person starts at the entrance and moves the following successive distances. She goes 75.0 m north, 250 m cast, 125 m at an. angle 30.0 ® north of west, and 150 m south, Find the resultant displacement from the cave entranée. 6] (d) A horizontal force of 140N is needed to pull a 60.0kg box across the horizontal floor at a constant speed. what is the coefficients of friction between the floor and box? [4] “Question three (a) Explain how a body moving at constant speed can be accelerating. [2) (b) An aeroplane carrying out a parcel drop releases a parcel while travelling a steady speed of 90 m/s at an altitude of 200 m, Calculate the : (i) the time between the parcel leaving the aeroplane and it striking the ground, 5] (ii) the horizontel distance travelled, 15] (c) A car towing a caravan travels along a steady speed of 20 m/s If the force exrted by the engine is 2 KN, what is the power output of the engine? [3] (d) A 15-cm-long tendon was found to stretch 3.7 mm by a force of 13.4 N, The tendon was approximately round with an average diameter of 8.5 mm, Calculate Young's inodulus of this tendon. 15]Question four (a) How long will a 500 W heater take to melt 500 g of ice at -8 °C? Dat 2100 J/kg.K, 134000 J/kg [6] ‘72-mm long Heat of fusion (b) Police investigators examining the scene of an accident involving two cars, measure skid marks of one of the cars, which nearly camo to a stop before colliding. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the rubber and the pavement is about 0.80. Bstimate the initial speed of the car assuming a level road. [6] (c) Describe two situations when friction is welcome to: human body functions and two when itis [4] undesirable. (d) A horizontal force of 140 N is needed to pull a 60.0 kg box across the horizontal floor at & constant speed. what is the coefficients of friction between the floor and box? (4) Question five chance of surviving a car crash if the deceleration is no more than (a) A person has a reasonable lergoing this acceleration. 30 ‘g's (g=9.8m/s2). Calculate’ the force on #70 kg person und What distance is travelled if the person is brought to rest at this rate from 100 kin/h? [4] “ (b) A weight lifter lifts a 350-N sct of weights from ground level to a position over his head, vertical distance of 2.00 m. How much work docs the weight lifter do, assuming he moves the weights at constant speed? ae very track travels 18 km north, 10 km east, and 16 km south. What is its final (c) A Zambeef deli Ie] ~ displacement from the origin? (a) Zambian footballer Patson Daka kicks a football vertically upward in celebration after scoring ‘an Austrian Cup winning penalty with a speed of 35 m/s. What time does it take for the football to reach maximum height [6] ~‘Some Useful Equations Uniformly accelerated motion: 4 eee erat Projectile motion: cos 6, = constant rr (ano )-| gy) Force and motion: Fem wamg Fa=-Fe Werk and Energy: PE=wh=mgh — KE=4nw? W=Feeos pax Frese t FAt=Anw=m ¥,—% Lin’ momentum: p =v Circular motion and gravitation: Fyn: = GAZE. trey = 360° = 2a rad r Rotational motion and angular momentum: +0) (25% ie $ gnop-+tot a, =0,+a1y= ar Tmt? o} 20} +208 ante ake T= Sy? KE, =410 7 eFl=la WetOP=t0 L= I KE gy = tr +1Ia* Properties of matter: nm aL 1 otra Set anv ZY F,= pg , (submerged object) E sl de cada)Thermal Properties of matter: PV =nRT: aQ=meAT =nCaT : AL=aLAs 1, (1+at) W = PAV (AQ/At)=(kAAT)/ AL Q=ncw =Vxp Leeder Cp=C, +R t 37.RAT for Isobaric and Iso-volumetric processes Thermodynamics: AQ=AU+AW : W= pay PV =nRT n= BY = RVI TV" = TV" ¥, 1 ; Se, PARTI Wes = 5 (PH BIA): 22% (ap) = 10.109 iz velocity of sound = 331.45 + 0.611 (°C) 8 2) 28 ph IE yx, costar) f, =10 W/m? vw) @ 72m Electric Field: 42 Fa DD or F: KALB ; k = 8.9874 x 10° Num?.C?, k= (1/{4ne) where a is the r permittivity constant = 8.85 x 10" C2,(N.m?)+, = 160% 10%; Balin, yg; Fe ge Gest R Axa eE Ax 5 Electric Potential: Waa = QE. de; Vo ~ Vo = Mit Z a & a@ 7 14 Vy-y= Ed.; ae cada As for a parallel plate capacitor. a. 5