Higher Tier Teaching Pack

Higher tier teaching pack
GCSE Mathematics 8300
The following teaching pack provides additional classroom resources for the delivery of GCSE Mathematics
8300 (Higher tier), focusing on six topics new to this specification.
 Equation of a circle (A16h)

 Quadratic inequalities (A22h)
 Nth term of quadratic sequences (A25h)
 Conditional Probability (P9h)
 Composite and inverse functions (A7h)
 Further sketching graphs (A12h)
Each topic comes with a short PowerPoint presentation introducing the subject content, followed by assorted
worksheets, activities and homework sheets for students to use. Solutions are provided.
Topic overviews accompany each of the subject areas, highlighting the content involved, pre-requisite
knowledge required and a brief description of the teaching resources provided.
Further materials for the teaching of these topics can be found in the AQA e-library and the corresponding 2/3
year Route Map tile.
AQA Education (AQA) is a registered charity (number 1073334) and a company limited by guarantee registered in England and
Wales (number 3644723). Our registered address is AQA, Devas Street, Manchester M15 6EX.
Topic overview
Topic Title: Equation of a circle (Higher) 2/3 Year Route Map Tile : Equation of a circle
Pre-requisite knowledge: Keywords: Tangent, Gradient,
Chord, intersection
Students should know how to calculate the area and perimeter of a
circle and be able to use Pythagoras’ theorem to solve problems. They
should also be able to use coordinate geometry to find gradients and
equations of straight lines and know that the product of perpendicular
lines are -1.
Students need to be able to solve both quadratic equations and

simultaneous equations where one equation is linear and one is
quadratic. It is beneficial if students have some knowledge of circle
theorems and rules.
Students should be able to:
• recognise the equation of a circle, centre (0, 0), radius r

• write down the equation of a circle, centre (0, 0) and radius r
• work out coordinates of points of intersection of a given circle and a given straight line
• use the fact that the angle between the tangent and radius is 90° to work out the gradient of a tangent and
hence the equation of a tangent at a given point.
Higher Content:
 recognise and use the equation of a circle with centre at the origin (A16h)
 find the equation of a tangent to a circle at a given point (A16h)
Topic commentary: The PowerPoint for this topic demonstrates how the equation of a circle can be
derived. There are some simple questions to find the radius from the equation of a circle and vice versa.
There is also a revision / introductory activity for relevant circle theorems, leading on to using the fact that
gradients of perpendicular lines multiply to -1 to find the equation of a tangent to a circle.
The worksheet and homework provide reinforcement of these ideas.
The topic requires the candidates to be able to use Pythagoras’ theorem, circle theorems, and finding
equations of lines, but could also be could be used as a revision opportunity for these topics.
Worksheet 1
GCSE Mathematics
Equation of a circle
1. Match up the following equations with their descriptions.
Equation Description
1 x2 + y2 = 36 a Circle centre (0,0) radius √6
2 625 - x2 = y2 b Circle centre (0,0) radius 5
3 x2 + y2 - 81 = 0 c Circle centre (0,0) radius 8
4 x2 + y2 = 6 d Circle centre (0,0) radius 25
5 2x2 + 2 y2 = 50 e Circle centre (0,0) radius 9
6 0 = 64 - x2 - y2 f Circle centre (0,0) radius 6
2. Draw accurate circles to match these equations.
a) x2 + y2 = 36
b) x2 + y2 = 7
3. A circle has equation x2 + y2 = 49
a) Find the diameter of the circle
b) Find the area of the circle in terms of pi.
c) Find the circumference of the circle in terms of pi.
4. The point A (2, 3) lies on a circle centre (0, 0)

Find the equation of the circle, and its diameter.
5.
(5, -3)
The line AB is tangent to the circle centre (0, 0)

Find the equation of AB.
6.
y
0 Not drawn accurately
P
The circle x2 + y2 = 5 and the line 3y + x = 5 intersect at points P and Q.

Work out the length of PQ.
7. Draw a sketch of x2 + y2 = 34
Show that (3, -5) lies on the circle.
Show that y = 0.6x + 0.68 is a tangent to the circle at (3, -5)
8. The circle x2 + y2 = 15 intersects the line y = x + 1 at points C and D.
a) Work out C and D.

Give your answer to one decimal place.
b) Work of the length of CD.

Give your answer to one decimal place.
Worksheet 1 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
1.
1 f
2 d
3 e
4 a
5 b
6 c
2. Circles drawn, centred on the origin with radii 6 and respectively.
3. a) 14
b) 49π
c) 14π
4. x2 + y2 = 13 diameter length = ÷ 2 or 1.8
5. 3y = 5x – 34
6. The points of intersection are (2, -1) and (1, 2), the distance is
7. 32 + (-5)2 = 9 + 25 = 34
Gradient of radius -5 ÷ 3, so gradient of tangent is 0.6
y = 0.6x + c Substitute -5 = 0.6 x 3 + c ………….c = -6.8
Equation is y = 0.6x – 6.8
8. C (2.2, 3.2) D (-3.2, -2.2) CD 7.6
Homework sheet 1
GCSE Mathematics
1. For the following equations, work out
a) the radius and diameter (leaving your answer as a simplified surd where possible)
b) the area and circumference in terms of pi.
Circle 1 x2 + y2 = 49
Circle 2 x2 + y2 – 25 = 0
Circle 3 x2 + y2 = 12
Circle 4 x2 + y2 – 45 = 0
2. The point P (3, 4) lies on the circle (0, 0)

Find the equation of the circle.
3.
(5,3)
The line CD is a tangent to the circle centre (0, 0)

Find the equation of CD
Homework sheet 1 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
1. a) Circle 1 radius 7, diameter 14
Circle 2 radius 5, diameter 10
Circle 3 radius 2 , diameter 4
Circle 4 radius 3 , diameter 6
1. b) Circle 1 area 49π, circumference 14π
Circle 2 area 25π, circumference 10π
Circle 3 area 12π, circumference 4 π
Circle 4 area 45π, circumference 6 π
2. x2 + y2 = 25
3. Radius has gradient -0.5 so tangent gradient is 2.
Substitute (4, -2) into y = 2x + c, which gives -2 = (2 x 4) + c so c = -10
Tangent equation is y = 2x + c – 10
Topic overview
Topic Title: Quadratic inequalities (Higher) 2/3 Year Route Map Tile: Inequalities
Pre-requisite knowledge: Keywords: Inequality, graph,
surd, linear, quadratic, set
Students should be able to solve equations linear and quadratic. Solve notation, variable, number line,
quadratic equations including using the formula. Plot accurate graphs solution set
of straight lines and sketch quadratics.
 represent inequalities on a given coordinate grid

 shade out the side of the boundary line that does not satisfy the inequality
 solve quadratic inequalities
 understand and use a solution set of discrete values written in the form { −2, −1, 0, 1, 2 }
 understand and use a solution set of continuous values written in the form −3 < x < 3
Higher Content:
 solve linear inequalities in one or two variable(s) (A22)

 solve quadratic inequalities in one variable (A22)
 represent the solution set on a number line, using set notation and on a graph (A22)
Topic commentary: The PowerPoint can be used as one lesson or split into 4 parts.
It gives opportunity to revise relevant topics whilst giving explanations and examples of :-
(a) the basics of solving simple inequalities
(b) How to show linear inequalities on a graph shading out the UNWANTED section
(c) solving quadratic inequalities (includes a reminder of three possible methods)
There are worksheets and homework sheets to match each section.
Worksheet 1
GCSE Mathematics
Linear inequalities
1. Solve the following inequalities.
a) 4x + 5 > 17
b) 2x – 2 > 18
c) 3x – 1 < 11
d) 5y – 3 ≤ 27
e) 7y + 4 ≤ 4
f) 8y + 3 ≥ 59
a) 3p + 1 > p + 7
b) 5q + 6 < 3q + 24
c) 7r – 3 > 3r + 13
d) 3s + 1 ≥ 3 – s
e) 3t – 2 ≤ 13 – 2t
f) u + 4 ≥ 24 – 3u
3. Solve the following inequalities, giving your answers as a set of integers.
a) 2(x + 1) + 3 > 15
b) 3(y + 5) – 4 < 29
c) 5(2z – 1) + 4 ≤ 29
d) 6(2p – 1) – 5 > -23
e) 2(3m – 2) + 10 ≥ -6
f) 6(2n + 1) – 42 ≤ 0
Worksheet 1 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
Linear inequalities
1. a) x > 3
b) x > 10
c) x < 4
d) y ≤ 6
e) y ≤ 0
f) y ≥ 7
2. a) p > 3
b) q < 9
c) r > 4
d) s ≥ 0.5
e) t ≤ 3
f) u ≥ 5
3. a) x ≥ 5
b) y < 6
c) z ≤ 3
d) p > -1
e) m ≥ -2
f) n ≤ 3
Worksheet 2
GCSE Mathematics
Linear inequalities
1. Sketch the graphs shading the area not required.

Show that your answer is correct by plotting appropriate parts.
a) y > 2x
b) 2x – 3y ≥ 10
c) 2x + 3y + 20 ≤ 0
d) y + 3x > 6
2. The interior of a parallelogram satisfies these four inequalities
y < 2x y > 2x – 5 y>0 y<3
Sketch the parallelogram. What is the area?
3. The following inequalities define the exterior of the shape
y > 2x + 3 y > –2x + 3 y < –2x – 3 y < 2x – 3
Make an accurate drawing of the shape. What is it called?
Work out its area and perimeter.
4. Draw graphs to show the following.
Label with the letter R the region defined by the inequalities.
a) x + 3y < 6 x > –1 y>1
b) 4x + 5y < 10 x ≥ –1 y>0
c) 3x + 2y < 8 2x + 3y ≥ 6 x > –1
Worksheet 2 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
Linear inequalities
1. a)
y
y = 2x
(1,3)
3 > 2 x 1 YES
(3,4)
4 > 2 x 3 NO
b)
2x – 3y=10
(1,3) 2 x 1 – 3 x 3 = –7 NO
5
x
–10/3
2 x 5 – 3 x -4 = 22 YES
(5, –4)
c)
y
(1,3)
2x + 3y +10 = 0
-10 2 x 1 + 3 x 3 + 20 = 31 NO
x
-6
2 x 0 + 3 x -7 + 20 = -1 YES
(0,-7)
d) y
7 + 3 x 2 = 13 YES
2 x
-1 + 3 x 2 = 5 NO
2. Area 7.5
3. Rhombus, P = -6 A=9
4.
a) b)
y
y
2
R
R
1
x
-1 6 x
-1 2.5
x + 3y < 6
4x + 5y < 10
c)
4
R
2
3 x
-1 8/3
2x + 3y ≥ 6
3x + 2y < 8
Worksheet 3
GCSE Mathematics
Quadratic inequalities
1. Solve each quadratic inequality showing your method.
a) x2 + 2x – 15 > 0
b) x2 – x – 6 < 0
c) 2x2 – 11x + 5 < 0
d) 2x2 – 7x + 3 > 0
2. Find the values of which satisfy both 3(2x + 1) > 5 – 2x and 2x2 – 7x + 3 > 0
3. Mary says that the solution to p2 – 5p + 4 ≥ 0 is 1 ≤ p ≥ 4.
Show whether she is correct or not.
Worksheet 3 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
1. a) x > 3 and x < –5
b) –2 < x < 3
c) 0.5 < x < 5
d) x > 3 and x < 0.5
2. 0.25 < x < 0.5 and x > 3
3. p2 – 5p + 4 = (p – 4) (p – 1) = 0 critical values are 4 and 1.
As we want to p2 – 5p + 4 ≥ 0 then on a sketch it is above the x axis so desired region is p ≥ 4 and p ≤ 1
Mary is not correct.
Homework sheet 1
GCSE Mathematics
Linear inequalities
a) 5x – 15 > 17
b) 3x – 6 > 18
c) 4x – 5 < 11
a) 3p – 1 > p – 7
b) 5q – 6 < 3q – 25
c) 7r – 3 > 3r – 13
3. Solve the inequalities, giving your answers as a set of integers.
a) 2(x – 1) – 3 > 15
b) 3(y – 5) – 5 < 29
c) 5(2z – 1) – 5 ≤ 30
The “Greater Than” competition.
Rules
1. Use only 1, 9, 8, 7 or –1, –9, –8, –7 in order.
2. Use +, –, x, ÷, brackets, powers and >
3. Any of 1, 9, 8, 7 can be placed side by side (in order e.g. 198) to form one number.
How many inequalities can you write in 10 minutes?
GCSE Mathematics
1. a) x > 4.4
b) x > 8
c) x < 4
2. a) p > -3
b) q < -9.5
c) r > -2.5
3. a) {11, 12, 13 ……………..}
b) {16, 15, 14, 13 ……………..}
c) {4, 3, 2 ……………..}
Homework sheet 2
GCSE Mathematics
1. Draws graphs to show the following.
Label with the letter R the region defined by the inequalities.
a) x + 4y < 6 x > -3 y>2
b) 3x + 2y < 10 x ≥ -1 y>0
c) 5x – y ≤ 8 x + 3y > 6 x > -1
GCSE Mathematics
1. a) b)
y y
2 5
1.5
R
R
x x
-3 6 -1 10/3
c)
y
-1
R 1.6 6
x
-8
Homework sheet 3
GCSE Mathematics
1. Solve each quadratic inequality showing your method.
a) x2 + 2x – 8 > 0
b) x2 – 7x + 12 ≤ 0
c) 2x2 – 11x + 5 < 0
d) 3x2 – 16x + 5 > 0
2. Find the values of which satisfy both 4(3x + 1) > 5 – 2x and x2 + 7x + 12 > 0
3. Mary says that the solution to 2x2 + 8x – 24 ≥ 0 is x ≥ 2 and x ≤ -6
Show whether she is correct or not.
GCSE Mathematics
1. a) x < -4 and x > 2
b) x < -4, x ≥ -3
c) 0.5 < x < 5
d) x > 5 and x <
2. Solutions are x > and x < -4, x > -3 so both are true when x >
3. 2x2 + 8x – 24 = 2(x + 6) (x – 2) = 0 critical values are –6 and 2.
As we are solving 2x2 + 8x – 24 ≥ 0 we must look at the area above the x axis so x ≥ 2 and x ≤ -6 is
correct.
Topic overview
Topic Title: Nth term of quadratic sequences 2/3 Year Route Map Tile: Sequences
(Higher)
Pre-requisite knowledge: Keywords: Term, difference,
linear, quadratic, exponential
Use term-to-term rules and position-to-term rules
Find the nth term of a linear sequence
Work out a formula for the nth term of a sequence, which may contain linear or quadratic parts.
Higher Content:
 Deduce expressions to calculate the nth term of quadratic sequences (A25)
Topic commentary: Linear sequences are met in Year 6 and finding the nth term of a linear sequence is
mastered at KS3. It is important that students can already compare a linear sequence with the sequence 1,
2, 3, 4 … of values for n and see the connection with the expression for the nth term. This supports work
looking at simple quadratic sequences where the nth term may be deduced by comparing the sequence with
n2, 1, 4, 9, 16 … . Students readily grasp this idea. It is more challenging to find the nth term of a quadratic
sequence when it has a term in n. This is the focus for this topic.
Seeing how a quadratic expression is built up from contributions from each term is a vital step as it mirrors
the process of breaking it down in order to work out the nth term. The PowerPoint allows students to predict
what comes next at each step and it is important to allow time for this - encourage students to explain their
answers at these points so that they are not trying to remember a meaningless (for them) sequence of steps.
Practice in the lesson and again for homework is important – students should show some
working/explanation to avoid mistakes particularly with the signs of the terms. Students will be familiar with
linear sequences arising from a sequence of shapes/diagrams and this is developed for quadratic
sequences, with both practice of the skill and an opportunity to explore what aspects of the shape/diagram
give rise to quadratic sequences and which do not.
Additional resources:
CIMT
http://www.cimt.plymouth.ac.uk/projects/mepres/book9/bk9i10/bk9_10i3.html
MEDIAN from Don Steward
http://donsteward.blogspot.co.uk/search/label/nth%20term%20quadratic
Activity 1
GCSE Mathematics
Nth term of quadratic sequences
Match the groups of 3
7n – 3 Square, add 3 3, 12, 27, 48 …
Multiply by 3,
–n2 3, 9, 27, 81 …
subtract from 20
3n2 3 to the power of 17, 14, 11, 8 …
Square, multiply by
20 – 3n –1, –4, –9, –16 …
3
Square, multiply by
3n 4, 7, 12, 19 …
2
Square, multiply by
2n2 4, 11, 18, 25 …
–1
Multiply by 7,
n2 + 3 2, 8, 18, 32 …
subtract 3
Activity 1 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
7n – 3 Multiply by 7, subtract 3 4, 11, 18, 25 …
-n2 Square, multiply by -1 -1, -4, -9, -16 …
3n2 Square, multiply by 3 3, 12, 27, 48 …
20 – 3n Multiply by 3, subtract from 20 17, 14, 11, 8 …
3n 3 to the power of 3, 9. 27, 81 …
2n2 Square, multiply by 2 2, 8, 18, 32 …
n2 + 3 Square, add 1 4, 7, 12, 19 …
Activity 2
GCSE Mathematics
Use these tiles to make a quadratic sequence of your own.
Make sure there is a clear way to get each new shape/term.
Check by finding the nth term of the sequence of areas.
Extension
Draw a sequence of shapes that could be made with matchsticks.
Is it quadratic?
Can you make one that is quadratic?
What features are needed for it to be quadratic as opposed to linear?
Starter 1
GCSE Mathematics
What is the same and what is different between:
2, 5, 8, 11 …
and
2, 5, 10, 17 …
and
2, 5, 12, 23 …
Starter 2
GCSE Mathematics
Is it always, sometimes or never true that a sequence starting
1, 4, 11 …
is a quadratic sequence?
Worksheet 1
GCSE Mathematics
1. Work out and fill in the nth term.
n= n= n= n= n= nth
Question
1 2 3 4 5 term
n² 1 4 9 16 25 n²
1 0 3 8 15 24
2 5 20 45 80 125
3 3 6 11 18 27
4 39 36 31 24 15
5 3 9 19 33 51
2. Work out the nth term for the following sequences:
a) 2, 5, 10, 17, 26
b) -1, 2, 7, 14, 23
c) 4, 16, 36, 64, 100
d) 24, 21, 16, 9, 0
e) 2, 11, 26, 47, 74
Worksheet 1 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
1. Work out and fill in the nth term.
n= n= n= n= n= nth
Question
1 2 3 4 5 term
n² 1 4 9 16 25 n²
1 0 3 8 15 24 n² – 1
2 5 20 45 80 125 5n²
3 3 6 11 18 27 n² + 2
4 39 36 31 24 15 40 – n²
5 3 9 19 33 51 2n² + 1
a) n2 + 1
b) n2 – 2
c) 4n2
d) 25 – n2
e) 3n2 – 1
Worksheet 2
GCSE Mathematics
1. Fill in the missing numbers/terms shown by “?”. Then write down the nth term in full.
a) n=1 n =2 n=3 n=4 n=5
Sequence 5 11 ? 29 ?
1st difference 6 ? 10 ?
2nd difference 2 ? 2 n²
n² term 1 ? ? 16 25
Extra needed ? 7 10 ? 16 ?n + ?
b) n=1 n =2 n=3 n=4 n=5
Sequence 4 9 18 ? 48
1st difference 5 ? ? 17
2nd difference ? ? ? 2n²
n² term ? 8 ? ? 50
-?n +
Extra needed 2 ? 0 -1 ?
3
a) 2, 3, 6, 11, 18 … f) 0, 4, 11, 21, 34 …
b) 1, 5, 11, 19, 29 … g) 0, 1, 4, 9, 16 …
c) 4, 13, 26, 43, 64 … h) 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 …
d) 0, 10, 26, 48, 76 … i) 2, 1, -2, -7, -14 …
e) 0.5, 3, 6.5, 11, 16.5 … j) 15, 13, 9, 3, -5 …
Worksheet 2 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
1.
a) n=1 n =2 n=3 n=4 n=5
Sequence 5 11 19 29 41
1st difference 6 8 10 12
2nd difference 2 2 2 n²
n² term 1 4 9 16 25
Extra needed 4 7 10 13 16 3n + 1
b) n=1 n =2 n=3 n=4 n=5
Sequence 4 9 18 31 48
2nd difference 4 4 4 2n²
n² term 2 8 18 32 50
-1n +
Extra needed 2 1 0 -1 -2
3
a) n² – 2n + 3 f) 1n² – n – 1
b) n² + n – 1 g) n² – 2n + 1
c) 2n² + 3n – 1 h) n² + n
d) 3n² + n – 4 i) -n² + 2n + 1
e) n² + n – 1 j) -n² + n + 15
Worksheet 3
GCSE Mathematics
1. Work out the nth term for the sequence of areas for these shapes.
Justify your answer with reference to the shapes.
a)
b)
c)
2. Draw a sequence of shapes for these formulae:
a) 2n² + n – 2
b) 3n² – n + 3
c) n² + 5n – 4
Worksheet 3 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
1. a)
b)
c)
2. Students’ own sequences.
Homework sheet 1
GCSE Mathematics
Work out the nth term for the following sequences:
a) -2, 1, 6, 13, 22 …
b) 5, 8, 13, 20, 29 …
c) 6, 24, 54, 96, 150 …
d) 1, 7, 17, 31, 49 …
e) 5, 14, 29, 50, 77 …
GCSE Mathematics
a) n² – 3
b) n² + 4
c) 6n²
d) 2n² – 1
e) 3n² + 2
Homework sheet 2
GCSE Mathematics
1. Fill in the missing numbers/terms shown by “?”. Then write down the nth term in full.
n=1 n =2 n=3 n=4 n=5
Sequence 1 1 3 ? 13
1st difference 0 ? ? 6
2nd difference ? ? ? n²
n² term ? 4 ? ? 25
-?n +
Extra needed 0 ? -6 -9 ?
3
a) 1, 3, 7, 13, 21 …
b) 5, 13, 27, 47, 73
c) 3.5, 7, 11.5, 17, 2.5 …
d) 4, 9, 17, 28, 4 …
e) 10, 12, 12, 10, 6 …
GCSE Mathematics
1.
n=1 n =2 n=3 n=4 n=5
Sequence 1 1 3 7 13
2nd difference 2 2 2 n²
n² term 1 4 9 16 25
-3n +
Extra needed 0 -3 -6 -9 -12
3
2. a) n² – n + 1
b) 3n² – n + 3
c) n² + 2n + 1
d) 1n² + n + 2
e) -n² + 5n+ 6
Homework sheet 3
GCSE Mathematics
1. Work out the nth term for the sequence of areas for these shapes.
Justify your answer with reference to the shapes.
a)
b)
c)
GCSE Mathematics
a) n² + 3n + 1
b) n² + 4n + 5
c) 2n² + 3n + 1
Topic overview
Topic Title: Two way tables and Venn Diagrams (Higher) 2/3 Year Route Map Tile: Probability
Pre-requisite knowledge: Keywords: Set, Venn
diagram, two-way table,
Set notation associated with a two set Venn diagram probability, conditional
Using a tree diagram to represent and calculate probabilities of combined probability, tree diagram,
events intersection, union
Knowing when to multiply and when to add probabilities
 understand conditional probability

 understand the implications of with or without replacement problems for the probabilities obtained
 complete a tree diagram to show outcomes and probabilities
 use a tree diagram as a method for calculating conditional probabilities
 use a Venn diagram as a method for calculating conditional probabilities.
Higher Content:
 Calculate and interpret conditional probabilities through representation using expected frequencies
with two-way tables, tree diagrams and Venn diagrams (P9)
Topic commentary: Conditional probability builds on work done previously using tree diagrams to
represent independent events. More thought now needs to be given to working out probabilities to put on the
diagram and there are fewer patterns to use.
Using a tree diagram to work out probabilities is more accessible for many students although Venn diagrams
and tables are easily understood. When working out conditional probabilities it is important to recognise
which is the ‘whole’ or 100% for the particular probability that is being calculated. Some questions do not
indicate a diagram to use and so students may choose their preferred method. This is likely to be a tree
diagram but occasionally a Venn or a two-way table can be easier.
Additional resources:
Monty Hall
http://math.ucsd.edu/~crypto/Monty/monty.html
MEDIAN Don Steward

http://donsteward.blogspot.co.uk/search/label/probability
CIMT
http://www.cimt.plymouth.ac.uk/projects/mepres/allgcse/pr5-es.pdf
Starter 1
GCSE Mathematics
Two way tables and Venn Diagrams
What is the same and what is different between:
There are 10 balls in a bag. There are 10 balls in a bag.
3 are red and the rest are yellow. 3 are red and the rest are yellow.
One ball is removed, its colour noted then One ball is removed, its colour noted then
returned to the bag. kept out of the bag.
A second ball is removed from the bag. A second ball is removed from the bag.
Starter 2
GCSE Mathematics
Use set notation to describe:
Starter 3
GCSE Mathematics
The data is about whether someone likes History or not.
If you know:
What else do you know?
The answer is  what is the question?
The answer is 0.6 what is the question?
Starter 4
GCSE Mathematics
Two way tables and Venn diagrams
Fill in the probabilities from the tree diagram:
Activity 1
GCSE Mathematics
Write an exam question involving conditional probability using one of the bags.
Now write an exam question, again using conditional probability, using both bags.
Activity 2
GCSE Mathematics
Each student needs a coin (available) and to pick a card from a pack of playing cards (need not be complete!)
Start by inviting each student to pick a card (any card) and note the suit (Hearts, Clubs, Diamonds or Spades)
and to toss their coin.
They record the outcome of the two events. For example a Head and a Club.
Draw on the board:
Each student now decides which region of the diagram they are in.
Fill in the total in each part (show of hands or students can write in their names if practicable)
is a possible result.
Ask
1. Who is/how many are in H D? (4)
2. Who is/how many are in H D? (12) What does that mean?
3. What is the probability of being in (HD)? (21/30= 0.7)
4. What is the probability of getting a Head if you have a Diamond? (4/9)
5. What is the probability of getting a Diamond if you threw tails? Challenge students to make up similar
questions – you could have ropes for the sets and go outside. 5/14)
6. Challenge students to make up similar questions – you could have ropes for the sets and go outside.
Activity 3
GCSE Mathematics
Monty Hall
http://math.ucsd.edu/~crypto/Monty/monty.html
Draw on a flipchart/whiteboard beside your screen this two-way table
Demonstrate the game.
Go round the class so that each student has a turn and record the outcome using tallies in the table.
Ask whether it is better to stick or switch?
What is the probability of winning if you switch? (using the table)
What is the probability of winning if you don’t switch? (using the table)
Challenge them to work out the theoretical probability of winning in each case.
Worksheet 1
GCSE Mathematics
1. A bag contains 8 blue marbles and 2 green marbles. A marble is selected at random and not replaced.
A second marble is selected at random.
a) Copy and complete this tree diagram.
b) What is the probability of picking a green marble the second time if you picked a blue marble the first
time?
c) What is the probability of picking two marbles of the same colour?
d) What is the probability of picking at least one green marble?
2. Two bags contain only green and blue marbles.

Bag P contains 3 green and 4 blue marbles. Bag Q contains 5 green and 4 blue marbles.
A marble is selected at random from Bag P and placed in Bag Q.
A marble is selected at random from Bag Q.
What is the probability that it is green?
3. Two bags contain only red and black marbles.

Bag M contains 6 red and 3 black marbles. Bag N contains 1 red marble and 5 black marbles.
A marble is selected at random from Bag M and placed in Bag N.
A marble is selected at random from Bag N.
What is the probability that it is red?
Worksheet 1 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
Two way diagrams and Venn diagrams
1. a)
b) 2/9
c) 58/90 = 29/45
d) 34/90 = 17/45
2. 19/35
3. 5/21
Worksheet 2
GCSE Mathematics
1. To get a job with a large company, applicants have to pass an online test and an interview.
20% pass the online test and go on to be interviewed.
30% of those interviewed are successful.
a) Draw a tree diagram to show this.
b) What is the probability of being successful?
2. The local football team has a match next Saturday.

There is a 60% probability that it will rain during the match.
The team wins 45% of its matches when it rains and 55% when it does not rain.
What is the probability that they will win the match?
3. Des is driving to London for a meeting. The weather forecast suggests that there is a 20% probability of
snow and a 45% probability of rain.
If it snows he has a 10% probability of arriving in time.
If it rains he has a 60% probability of arriving in time.
Otherwise he has a 90% probability of arriving in time.
What is the probability that he will arrive at his meeting in time?
4. Polly has a meeting in Liverpool. There is a 20% probability of snow.

If it snows she will be late with probability 75%.
The probability she will be on time is 0.77.
What is the probability she will be late if there is no snow?
Worksheet 2 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
1. a)
b) 0.2 x 0.3 = 0.06
2. 0.6 x 0.45 + 0.4 x 0.55 = 0.49
3. 0.2 x 0.1 + 0.45 x 0.6 + 0.35 x 0.9 = 0.605
4. 0.2 x 0.25 + 0.8 x ? = 0.77 so probability = 0.9
Worksheet 3
GCSE Mathematics
1. The Venn diagram shows the number of students in a year group who study French or Italian.
a) What does the number 43 represent in the diagram?
b) How many students do not study either language?
c) How many students study Italian?
d) What is the probability that a student selected at random studies both languages?
e) For the students who study French, what is the probability that they also study Italian?
2. The Venn diagram shows how many people play tennis or football.
a) What is the probability that a person chosen at random plays neither sport?
b) What is the probability that a person chosen at random who plays tennis also plays football?
c) What is the probability that a person chosen at random who does not play tennis plays
football?
Worksheet 3 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
1. a) The students who study Italian and not French
b) 28
c) 55
d) 12/139
e) 3/17
2. a) 0.24
b) 4/17
c) 84/132 = 7/11
Worksheet 4
GCSE Mathematics
1. The table shows the probabilities that a student picked at random in a school has blue eyes.
a) What is the probability that a student picked at random is male?
b) What is the probability that a student picked at random has blue eyes?
c) What is the probability that a student who is female does not have blue eyes?
2. The table shows the number of people who vote for candidates in a local election.
a) How many males voted in the election?
b) What is the probability that a voter chosen at random voted for Party C?
c) What is the probability that someone who voted for Party A is female?
d) What is the probability that a male voted for Party B?
e) Is it more likely that a male voted for Party A or that a female did?
Worksheet 4 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
1. a) 0.45
b) 0.34
c) 0.41/0.55 = 0.745
2. a) 765
b) 0.379
c) 0.738
d) 0.502
e) Male 0.137 Female 0.278 so Female
Worksheet 5
GCSE Mathematics
Here are some exam questions.
For each question answer it using a tree diagram, Venn diagram or two-way table.
Now use one of the other methods to answer it.
Which do you prefer and why?
1. In a village 35% of the population are female.

60% of the females have blue eyes.
38% of the males have blue eyes.
What percentage of the population of the village have blue eyes?
2. A bag contains 7 mint sweets, 3 fruit sweets and 5 toffee sweets.

Sam chooses two sweets from the bag at random.
Calculate the probability that she chooses one mint sweet and one fruit sweet.
3. There are 7 white socks and 4 black socks in a drawer. Two socks are taken out at random without
replacement.
Work out the probability that the two socks are the same colour.
4. In a village of the pensioners have had a flu jab.
If a pensioner has had the flu jab the probability of catching flu is
If a pensioner has not had the flu jab the probability of catching flu is
a) Calculate the probability that a pensioner, picked at random, from this village catches flu.
b) A statistician calculated that 120 pensioners from this village are expected to catch flu.
Calculate how many pensioners live in the village.
Worksheet 5 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
1. 45.7%
2. 1/5
3. 27/55
4. a) 3/10
b) 400
Homework sheet 1
GCSE Mathematics
1. A bag contains 4 blue marbles and some green marbles. A marble is selected at random and not
replaced.
A second marble is selected at random.
a) Copy and complete this tree diagram.
b) What is the probability of picking a blue marble the second time if you picked a green marble the
first time?
c) What is the probability of picking two marbles of the same colour?
d) What is the probability of picking at least one green marble?
2. Two bags contain only green and blue marbles.

Bag P contains 1 green and 5 blue marbles. Bag Q contains 4 green and 2 blue marbles.
A marble is selected at random from Bag P and placed in Bag Q.
A marble is selected at random from Bag Q.
What is the probability that it is green?
3. Two bags contain only red and black marbles.

Bag M contains 3 red and 2 black marbles. Bag N contains 5 red marbles and 1 black marble.
A marble is selected at random from Bag M and placed in Bag N.
A marble is selected at random from Bag N.
What is the probability that it is black?
GCSE Mathematics
1. a)
b) 4/9
c) 7/15
d) 13/15
2. 25/42
3. 1/5
Homework sheet 2
GCSE Mathematics
1. To get a job with a large company, applicants have to pass an online test and an interview.
15% pass the online test and go on to be interviewed.
40% of those interviewed are successful.
a) Draw a tree diagram to show this.
b) What is the probability of being successful?
2. The local rugby team has a match next Saturday.

There is a 40% probability that it will rain during the match.
The team wins 65% of its matches when it rains and 30% when it does not rain.
What is the probability that they will win the match?
3. Les is driving to Norwich for a meeting. The weather forecast suggests that there is a 40%
probability of snow and a 15% probability of rain.
If it snows he has a 15% probability of arriving in time.
If it rains he has a 70% probability of arriving in time.
Otherwise he has a 95% probability of arriving in time.
What is the probability that he will arrive at his meeting in time?
4. Sandra has a meeting in Leeds. There is a 70% probability of snow.

If it snows she will be late with probability 85%.
The probability she will be on time is 0.375.
What is the probability she will be late if there is no snow?
GCSE Mathematics
1. a)
b) 0.06 or 6%
2. 0.44
3. 0.5925 ~ 59%
4. 0.1
Homework sheet 3
GCSE Mathematics
1. The Venn diagram shows the number of students in a year group who study History or Geography.
a) What does the number 34 represent in the diagram?
b) How many students do not study either subject?
c) How many students study Geography?
d) What is the probability that a student, selected at random, studies both subjects?
e) For the students who study Geography, what is the probability that they also study History?
2. The Venn diagram shows how many people play hockey or rounders.
a) What is the probability that a person chosen at random plays neither sport?
b) What is the probability that a person chosen at random who plays hockey also plays rounders?
c) What is the probability that a person chosen at random who does not play rounders plays hockey?
GCSE Mathematics
1. a) Students who study but not geography
b) 44
c) 122
d) 26/200 = 13%
e) 26/122 = 13/61
2. a) 67/150
b) 14/41
c) 27/94
Homework sheet 4
GCSE Mathematics
1. The table shows the probabilities that a student picked at random in a school eats school lunch.
a) What is the probability that a student picked at random is male?
b) What is the probability that a student picked at random does not eat school lunch?
c) What is the probability that a student who is male eats school lunch?
2. The table shows the number of people who vote for candidates in a local election.
a) How many males voted in the election?
b) What is the probability that a voter chosen at random voted for Party B?
c) What is the probability that someone who voted for Party C is female?
d) What is the probability that a male voted for Party A?
e) Is it more likely that a male voted for Party B or that a female did?
GCSE Mathematics
1. a) 0.521
b) 0.698
c) 0.402
2. a) 725
b) 0.469
c) 0.680
d) 0.047
e) Male 0.641 Female 0.332 so Male is more likely.
Homework sheet 5
GCSE Mathematics
Here are some exam questions.

For each question answer it using a tree diagram, Venn diagram or two-way table.
1. In a village 42% of the population are female.

70% of the females have blue eyes.
35% of the males have blue eyes.
What percentage of the population of the village have blue eyes?
2. A bag contains 4 mint sweets, 5 fruit sweets and 3 toffee sweets.

Sara chooses two sweets from the bag at random.
Calculate the probability that she chooses one mint sweet and one fruit sweet.
3. There are 8 red socks and 5 orange socks in a drawer.

Two socks are taken out at random without replacement.
Work out the probability that the two socks are the same colour.
GCSE Mathematics
1. 49.7%
2. 10/33
3. 19/39
Topic overview
Topic Title: Composite & inverse functions 2/3 Year Route Map Tile: Algebra: further
(Higher) quadratics…
Pre-requisite knowledge: Keywords: Function, inverse,
expression, input, output
Basic algebraic substitution and equation solving skills.
4 rules with fractions and decimals.
 understand that a function is a relationship between two sets of numbers

 understand and use function notation, for example f(x)
 substitute values into a function, knowing that, for example f(2) is the value of the function when x = 2
 solve equations and use function notation
 understand, interpret and use composite function fg(x)
 understand, interpret and use function f-1 (x)
Higher Content:
 Where appropriate, interpret simple expressions as functions with inputs and outputs; interpret the
reverse process as the ‘inverse function’; interpret the succession of two functions as a
‘composite function’. (A7)
Topic commentary: The PowerPoint slides take students through simple functions, inverse, graphing and
composite functions. The notes section suggests which activities from the resource fit in where.
The worksheet gives some basic practise with simple functions and includes solving equations, also
including composite functions.
The Jigsaw activity requires students to evaluate composite functions. NB Students will need to be given the
functions required.
The dominoes activity requires students to match functions with their inverse to complete a puzzle.
Each activity can be used alone or alongside the PowerPoint as a complete lesson.
Activity 1 - Jigsaw
GCSE Mathematics
Composite & inverse functions
Put together the triangular pieces to form an equilateral triangle.
Some of the expressions do not have a matching pair – these expressions will form the border of the
equilateral triangle.
The functions are:
f(x) = 3x – 5
g(x) = x2 + 1
h(x) =
p(x) =
q(x) = 2x + 7
AQA Education (AQA) is a registered charity (number 1073334) and a company limited by guarantee registered in
England and Wales (number 3644723). Our registered address is AQA, Devas Street, Manchester M15 6EX.
5 1
x+ 6
6 1
x+ 6
Activity 1 - Jigsaw ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
Activity 2 - Dominoes
GCSE Mathematics
Activity 2 – Dominoes ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
Worksheet 1
GCSE Mathematics
1. f(x) = 2x – 1 and g(x) = x2 + 2x
Work out
a) f(–4)
b) f(0.6)
c) g(3)
d) g(–1)
e) f(0)
f) g(0)
g) fg(0.2)
2. f(x) = 2x3 and g(x) =
Work out
a) f( )
b) f(–3)
c) g(2)
d) g(–1.5)
e) gf( )
f) fg( )
3. f(x) = 8 – 2x and g(x) = 4(x + 3)
Solve
a) f(x) = 0
b) g(x) = 20
c) f(x) = g(x)
4. h(x) = 3x – 2
Work out expressions, giving answers in the simplest form, for
a) h(4x)
b) hh(x – 2)
c) h(x2)
5. g(x) =
a) Work out g(2)
b) Solve g(x) = 3
c) Solve g(2x) = 1
6. The function f(x) is defined as f(x) = x2 + x
a) Write down the value of f(7)
b) Solve f(x) = 0
c) Write an expression for f(x + 1) – f(x)

Give your answer in its simplest form.
Worksheet 1 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
1. f(x) = 2x – 1 and g(x) = x2 + 2x
Work out
a) f(–4) = -9
b) f(0.6) = 0.2
c) g(3) = 15
d) g(–1) = -1
e) f(0) = -1
f) g(0) = 0
g) fg(0.2) = -0.12
2. f(x) = 2x3 and g(x) =
Work out
a) f( )=
b) f(–3) = -54
c) g(2) =
d) g(–1.5) = 10
e) gf( )=2
f) fg( ) = 128
3. f(x) = 8 – 2x and g(x) = 4(x + 3)
Solve
a) f(x) = 0 x =
b) g(x) = 20 x = 2
c) f(x) = g(x) x =
4. h(x) = 3x – 2
Work out expressions, giving answers in the simplest form, for
a) h(4x) = 12x – 2
b) h(x – 2) = 3x – 8
c) h(x2) = 3x2 – 2
5. g(x) =
a) Work out g(2) =
b) Solve g(x) = 3 x =
c) Solve g(2x) = 1 x =
6. The function f(x) is defined as f(x) = x2 + x
a) Write down the value of f(7) = 56
b) Solve f(x) = 0 x = 0 or –1
c) Write an expression for f(x + 1) – f(x) = (x + 1)2 + (x + 1) – x2 - x

Give your answer in its simplest form. = 2x + 2
Topic overview
Topic Title: Further sketching graphs (Higher) 2/3 Year Route Map Tile: Further equations &
graphs
Pre-requisite knowledge: Keywords: Cosine, tangent,
exponential, period.
Trigonometrical ratios and how to find on a calculator. Plotting points
joining with a curve.
Understanding of 2 < x > -2 notation for values of x
 draw, sketch, recognise and interpret graphs of the form y = kx for positive values of k
 know the shapes of the graphs of functions y = sin x, y = cos x and y = tan x
 Sketch y = sin x, y = cos x and y = tan x, know that the maximum and minimum values for Sin and
Cos are 1 and -1. Know that the graphs of sin, cos and tan are periodic.
Higher Content:
 Recognise, sketch and interpret graphs of linear functions, quadratic functions, simple cubic
functions, the reciprocal function, y = with x ≠ 0, exponential functions y = kx for positive
values of k, and the trigonometrical functions (with arguments in degrees) y = sin x, y = cos x
and y = tan x for angles of any size. (A12h)
Topic commentary: The resource is designed to be used in a variety of ways.

The PowerPoint covers all the knowledge of graphs which students will need to know.
The Trigonometrical Functions worksheet leads students through an investigation looking at graphs of sin,
cos and tan. The PowerPoint contains the correct graphs and properties.
The True False activity provides a way of checking knowledge of what the graphs should look like. Answers
are provided.
A set of exam paper questions are provided. Full papers can be found on AQA’s website.
The resource lends itself to a variety of lesson formats. From a short revision PowerPoint with students
sketching graphs on mini whiteboards to a full 1 hour lesson.
E.g. Starter discussion of slide 1.
Time spent doing Trigonometric Functions use PowerPoint to check and discuss.
True/ False in groups or whole class to consolidate.
Exam questions to finish off or for homework.
In order to do the activities students will need to be able to use their calculators to find trig ratios, draw
accurate graphs, and sketch graphs. The resource could be used as a way to revise all of these skills.
Activity 1
GCSE Mathematics
Further sketching graphs
 Copy and complete the table below using your calculator and rounding off to three decimal places.
x sin x x sin x x sin x x sin x
0o 180o 180o 360o
15o 165o 195o 345o
30o 150o 210o 330o
45o 135o 225o 315o
60o 120o 240o 300o
75o 105o 255o 285o
90o 90o 270o 270o
 Comment on what you notice about the sine of each acute angle, and the sines of its corresponding
non-acute angles
 Draw the graph of y = sin x. (Take x from 0o to 360o and y from -1 to 1).
 Comment on any symmetries your graph has.
Activity 2
GCSE Mathematics
 Copy and complete the table below using your calculator and rounding off to three decimal places.
x cos x x cos x x cos x x cos x
0o 180o 180o 360o
15o 165o 195o 345o
30o 150o 210o 330o
45o 135o 225o 315o
60o 120o 240o 300o
75o 105o 255o 285o
90o 90o 270o 270o
 Comment on what you notice about the cosines of the angles

 Draw the graph of y = cos x. (Take x from 0o to 360o and y from -1 to 1).
 Comment on the symmetry of the graph.
Activity 3
GCSE Mathematics
 Try to find tan 90o. What do you notice?

Which is the closest angle to 90o for which you can find the tangent on your calculator?
What is the largest value for tangent that you can get on your calculator?
 Find values of tan x where 0o < x < 360o. Draw a graph of your results.
State some rules for finding both angles between 0o and 360o that have any given tangent.
Activity 3 – True or False
GCSE Mathematics
y = 3x + 1 y = - x3
y = - x2 + 1 y = 1/x
y = x3 + 2 y = (-x)2
y = (x +2)2 y = 2x - 3
y =cos x
y = 1/x
y = cos x + 1
y = tan x
y = sin 2x y = sin 2x
y = 2x y = 2x
Activity 3 – True or False ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
y = 3x + 1 TRUE y = - x3 TRUE
y = - x2 + 1 TRUE y = 1/x FALSE y = -1/x
y = x3 + 2 FALSE y = x3 - 1 y = (-x)2 FALSE y = -x2
y = (x +2)2 FALSE y = (x - 2)2 y = 2x – 3 FALSE y =-2x - 3
y =cos x FALSE y = sin x
y = 1/x TRUE
y = cos x + 1 TRUE
y = tan x TRUE
y = sin 2x FALSE y = sin x/2 y = sin 2x TRUE
y = 2x TRUE y = 2x False y = (1/2)x
Worksheet 1
GCSE Mathematics
Level 2 Further Mathematics 8360/2 June 2012
Applications of Mathematics 93702H January 2013
Applications of Mathematics 93702H November 2013
Applications of Mathematics 93702H June 2015
Worksheet 1 ANSWERS
GCSE Mathematics
Level 2 Further Mathematics 8360/2 June 2012
Applications of Mathematics 93702H January 2013
Applications of Mathematics 93702H June 2015
Copyright © 2016 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved.


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GCSE Mathematics 8300

 Equation of a circle (A16h)

Students need to be able to solve both quadratic equations and

Students should be able to:

• recognise the equation of a circle, centre (0, 0), radius r

1. Match up the following equations with their descriptions.

1 x2 + y2 = 36 a Circle centre (0,0) radius √6

2 625 - x2 = y2 b Circle centre (0,0) radius 5

3 x2 + y2 - 81 = 0 c Circle centre (0,0) radius 8

4 x2 + y2 = 6 d Circle centre (0,0) radius 25

5 2x2 + 2 y2 = 50 e Circle centre (0,0) radius 9

6 0 = 64 - x2 - y2 f Circle centre (0,0) radius 6

2. Draw accurate circles to match these equations.

3. A circle has equation x2 + y2 = 49

a) Find the diameter of the circle

b) Find the area of the circle in terms of pi.

c) Find the circumference of the circle in terms of pi.

4. The point A (2, 3) lies on a circle centre (0, 0)

The line AB is tangent to the circle centre (0, 0)

The circle x2 + y2 = 5 and the line 3y + x = 5 intersect at points P and Q.

8. The circle x2 + y2 = 15 intersects the line y = x + 1 at points C and D.

a) Work out C and D.

b) Work of the length of CD.

2. Circles drawn, centred on the origin with radii 6 and respectively.

4. x2 + y2 = 13 diameter length = ÷ 2 or 1.8

Gradient of radius -5 ÷ 3, so gradient of tangent is 0.6

y = 0.6x + c Substitute -5 = 0.6 x 3 + c ………….c = -6.8

Equation is y = 0.6x – 6.8

8. C (2.2, 3.2) D (-3.2, -2.2) CD 7.6

1. For the following equations, work out

b) the area and circumference in terms of pi.

2. The point P (3, 4) lies on the circle (0, 0)

The line CD is a tangent to the circle centre (0, 0)

1. a) Circle 1 radius 7, diameter 14

Circle 2 radius 5, diameter 10

Circle 3 radius 2 , diameter 4

Circle 4 radius 3 , diameter 6

1. b) Circle 1 area 49π, circumference 14π

Circle 2 area 25π, circumference 10π

Circle 3 area 12π, circumference 4 π

Circle 4 area 45π, circumference 6 π

3. Radius has gradient -0.5 so tangent gradient is 2.

Substitute (4, -2) into y = 2x + c, which gives -2 = (2 x 4) + c so c = -10

Students should be able to:

 represent inequalities on a given coordinate grid

 solve linear inequalities in one or two variable(s) (A22)

1. Solve the following inequalities.

2. Solve the following inequalities.

3. Solve the following inequalities, giving your answers as a set of integers.

d) 6(2p – 1) – 5 > -23

1. Sketch the graphs shading the area not required.

2. The interior of a parallelogram satisfies these four inequalities

y < 2x y > 2x – 5 y>0 y<3

Sketch the parallelogram. What is the area?

3. The following inequalities define the exterior of the shape

y > 2x + 3 y > –2x + 3 y < –2x – 3 y < 2x – 3

Make an accurate drawing of the shape. What is it called?

Work out its area and perimeter.

4. Draw graphs to show the following.

Label with the letter R the region defined by the inequalities.

a) x + 3y < 6 x > –1 y>1