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©c° ˜ W˜KÚÀJK, • ‰Œ 2! -Ä:. •k˜ c°vkÀWK, K̇• Ä:•£ (¹
$^U冕£ Ý, N5`•vk J K8. ‰ êÆ©ÛýKK -uOŽUå • , {c ýK
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1. ýK, ¿Ø@o-‡, ‰ ¡ESâ´›‘ƒ . @@m©“ïÄ”ýK ¦ ES¡¡z! ¤¢ ¡ES,

• ´‡ÀJ˜ ·ÜgC ë•Ö, wnoH! ƒÕnU‹~, üUè .

2. ýKwC›c Òv , , ýK •Ø˜½´€¯, Ï•ùŒ±½¦·‚• ¡/ES!

3. vk‰Y ýK´-y·‚ØäÆS Äå! •ï´þ, vkŸo'ÏLgCãå g•Ñ5˜‡JK•4

<m% ¯ ! ‡rN ´: ES‡±Ö•Ì, ýK•9. ØU " ˜!

4. ïýK‰Y´š~زœ ÀJ! Ï•rýKÑtà ÒvkES Äå , ¤±@@ïýK‰Y <

•¬‰@oA‡K. XJš‡ïýK‰Y, xïƇ3›˜± .

5. ؇•w˜‡Æ ýK, O Æ •ww. Ï•õ„K’½v€?!

xMŠ:
†Ù ~~, ØXò ( . û½ •ï, Ò‡&¦ å, kOy ¢/j± .. sA‡ ;%‰˜‡¯
, §7,¬‰\£ , $–´\¿ŽØ ¯U!

1. kOy´ÆSÄå , ‡›½˜‡·ÜgC Oy(ØUõ•ØU ), ÃØ ºe…, 7L‡ ¤ U

Oy. Ž ? @Òk ¤²U Oy, ²U !

2. ¢, Ò´`‡lÄ: ‘ m©Æ, =¦{ü, •‡@@ýýà ˜H! ƒÕúpÃ$.

3. j± .Ò´±ƒ±ð, P4: 1zpöŒÊ›!

2w:
xêÆ©Û†p “ê•ï9 ‘§Œ±×£ýKmþ ‘è'5 x‡&ú¯Ò, ?1 ¶. 5u“
Œ‡êÆ©Û6†5 ®ŒÆ‡p “ê6Àª‘Ñkí!

2018 c 6 27 F

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1 ®‰EŒÆ 2009 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825) 4

2 ®‰EŒÆ 2010 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825) 5

3 ®‰EŒÆ 2011 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825) 7

4 ®‰EŒÆ 2012 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825) 9

5 ®‰EŒÆ 2013 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825) 10

6 ®‰EŒÆ 2014 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825) 11

7 ®‰EŒÆ 2009 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613) 12

8 ®‰EŒÆ 2010 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613) 13

9 ®‰EŒÆ 2011 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613) 14

10 ®‰EŒÆ 2012 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613) 15

11 ®‰EŒÆ 2013 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613) 16

12 ®‰EŒÆ 2014 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613) 17

13 ®‰EŒÆ 2016 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613) 18

14 ®‰EŒÆ 2017 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613) 19

3
 1. ®‰EŒÆ 2009 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825)

o
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˜! ( 20 ©) OŽe ¯K. 
 1 2 3 4 

 
 2 3 4 1 
(1) 
 3 4 1 2 
 
 4 1 2 3 
 
2 2 2 ··· 2
 
 0 1 1 ··· 1 
  n
 0 0 1 ··· 1 
X
(2) D = |aij | =  , Aij • ƒ aij “ê{fª, OŽ Aij .
 . .. .. .. .. 
 .  i,j=1
 . . . . . 
..
 
0 0 0 . 1

! ( 20 ©) ®••§| 
 x + x2 − x3 = 1;
 1


2x1 + (a + 2)x2 − (b + 2)x3 = 3;



−3ax + (a + 2b)x = −3.
2 3

¯: a, b ŸoŠž, •§|Ã)? k•˜)? káõ)? ¿3káõ)ž, ‰Ñù‡•§| Ï).

n! ( 20 ©) A •n Ý , y²: A2 = A ¿‡^‡• r(A) + r(E − A) = n, Ù¥ r(A) L«Ý A •.

o! ( 20 ©) A, B ´ n š"Ý , …k A2 = A, B 2 = B, AB = BA = 0. y²:
(1) 0, 1 7´ A, B A Š.
(2) e ξ ´ A áuA Š1 A •þ, K ξ •´ B áuA Š0 A •þ.

Ê! ( 20 ©) V1 † V2 ´‚5˜m V f˜m, y²: V1 ∪ V2 ´f˜m ¿‡^‡•

V1 ∪ V2 = V1 + V2 .

8! ( 20 ©) A ´ n ‘‚5˜mþ ‚5C†, ¦y:

dimImA 2 = dimImA

¿‡^‡´ V = V1 ⊕ V2 .

Ô! ( 20 ©) e B • ½ , A •Œ ½ , ¦y:

|A + B| ≥ |B|,

… Ò¤á ¿‡^‡´ A = 0.

l! ( 10 ©) ai (1 ≤ i ≤ n) ´ n ‡šK ê, Á¦õ‘ª
n
X
xai
i=1

x2 + x + 1 Ø ¿‡^‡.

4
 2. ®‰EŒÆ 2010 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825)

o
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˜! ÀJK( 15 ©, z K 3 ©)
1. •þ| α1 , α2 , α3 ‚5Ã', Ke •þ|¥‚5Ã' ´
(A) α1 + α2 , α2 + α3 , α3 + α1 (B) α1 , α1 + α2 , α1 + α2 + α3
(C) α1 − α2 , α2 − α3 , α3 − α1 (D) α1 + α2 , 2α1 + α3 , 3α3 + α1
1
2. A• Ý , α1 , α2 þ•š"•þ…÷v Aα1 = 0, Aα2 = α2 , K‚5•§| Ax = α2 Ï)•
2
(k •?¿~ê)
α1 + α2 α1 − α2
(A) kα1 + (B) kα1 +
2 2
α1 + α2 α1 − α2
(C) kα2 + (D) kα2 +
2 2
3. Ê Ý A •• 3, @oÙŠ‘Ý A∗ ••
(A) 0 (B)
 1 (C) 3  (D)
 5   
a a12 a13 a21 a22 a23 0 1 0
 11     
4. A =  a
 21 a22 a 
23 , B 
 a11 a12 a13 , P1 =  1
  0 , P2 =
0 
a31 a32 a33 a31 + a11 a32 + a12 a33 + a13 0 0 1
 
1 0 0
 
 0 1 0 , K7k
 
1 0 1
(A) AP1 P2 = B (B) AP1 P2 = B
(C) P1 P2 A = B (D)
! P2 P1 A = B !
3 2 −1 0
5. Ý A= , B= , KÝ A †Ý B
2 0 0 4
(A) ƒq ØÜÓ (B) ÜÓ Øƒq
(C) ƒq…ÜÓ (D) ØÜӅ؃q

! W˜K( 15 ©, z Kn©)
1. 3 61 ª¥ ‘ a32 a 43 a14 a51 a66 a25 A‘k ÎÒ•
0 0 1 2
 
 0 0 3 4 
2. Ý A = 
  _Ý •
 2 1 0 0 


4 4 0 0
3. •§| x1 + x2 + · · · + xn = 0 Ä:)X¥)•þ ‡ê•
4. 3 Ý A, B ƒq, Ý A A Š• 1,2,3, K |B| =
5. e g. f (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = 2x21 + x22 + x23 + 2x1 x2 + tx2 x3 ´ ½ , K t Š‰Œ´

 
a1 x x ··· x
x a2 x ··· x 
 

 
n! ( 20 ©) OŽ n 1 ª Dn = 
 x x a3 ··· x  , Ù¥ x 6= ai , 1 ≤ i ≤ n.
 .. .. .. .. .. 
. . . . . 
 

x x x x an

o! ( 20 ©) ®• α1 = (1, 0, 2, 3)0 , α2 = (1, 1, 3, 5)0 , α2 = (1, −1, a + 2, 1)0 , α4 = (1, 2, 4, a + 8)0 9 β =

(1, 1, b + 3, 5)0 .

5
 (1) a, b •ÛŠž, β ØUL«¤ α1 , α2 , α3 , α4 ‚5|Ü?
(2) a, b •ÛŠž, β Œd α1 , α2 , α3 , α4 •˜‚5L«? ¿ ÑTL«ª.

Ê! ( 15 ©) e Xêõ‘ª p(x) † f (x) k˜‡ú Š, … p(x) •ØŒ õ‘ª, @o p(x)|f (x).

8! ( 15 ©) A •n Ý , K rank(A) = 1 ¿©7‡^‡´•3 n ‘š" •þ α, β, ¦ A = αβ 0 .

 
−4 −10 0
100
 
Ô! ( 20 ©) A=
 1 3 , ¦ A .
0 
3 6 1

l! ( 20 ©) ‚5˜m V ‚5C† A ÷v A 2 = A , ¡ƒ•˜ C†, y²:

(1) V ¥•þ β áu A –8 ImA …= A (β) = β.
(2) V = ImA ⊕ ker A , … V ?˜•þ †Ú©)• α = A (α) + (α − A (α)).
(3) é?˜†Ú©) V = V1 ⊕ V0 , •3•˜! ˜ C† A ¦ V1 = ImA , V0 = ker A .
E 0
(4) z‡˜ C†Ñk• L« .
0 0

1
Ê! ( 10 ©) f (x1 , x2 , · · · , xn ) ´•• n g.. y²: •3 Rn ˜‡ (n − |s|) ‘f˜m V1 (s ´ÎÒ )
2
¦é?˜ (x1 , x2 , · · · , xn ) ∈ V1 Ñk f (x1 , x2 , · · · , xn ) = 0.

6
 3. ®‰EŒÆ 2011 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825)

o
‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
˜! W˜K( K 20 ©, z K 4 ©)
1. ®• A • n • … |A| = 3, K |A−1 + 2A∗ | =
2. A ´3
Œ_Ý , A 1 1 1†1  2 1 † Ý B, K AB −1 =
a 1 1 x 1
  1   
3. ®••§|  1 a 1   x2  =  1 
    
 ká), K a =
1 1 a x3 −2
 
1 −1 1
 
4. A= a 4 −3  , … A k˜A Š λ = 6, K a = .

−3 −3 5
5. l R3 Ä α1 = (1, 0, 1)0 , α2 = (1, 1, −1)0 , α3 = (0, 1, 0)0 Ä β1 = (1, −2, 1)0 , β2 = (1, 2, −1)0 ,
β3 = (0, 1, −2)0 LÞÝ P =

! ÀJK( K 20 ©, z K 4 ©)
1. 5 Ý A •• 3, @oÙŠ‘Ý A∗ ••
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 3 (D) 5
2. •þ| α1 , α2 , α3 ‚5Ã', Ke •þ|‚5ƒ' ´
(A) α1 + α2 , α2 + α3 , α3 + α1 (B) α1 , α1 + α2 , α1 + α2 + α3
(C) α1 + α2 , α2 + α3 , α3 − α1 (D) α1 + α2 , 2α1 + α3 , 3α3 + α1
3. n šàg‚5•§| Ax = b ü‡)• α = (1, 0, 2)0 , β = (1, −1, 3)0 , …XêÝ A •• 2, Ké
u?¿~ê k, k1 , k2 , •§| Ï)•
(A) k1 (1, 0, 2)0 + k2 (1, −1, 3)0 (B) (1, 0, 2)0 + k(1, −1, 3)0
(C) (1, 0, 2)0 + 0
k(2, −1, 5) (D) (1, 0, 2)0 + k(0, 1, −1)0
1 1 1
 
4. Ý A=
 1 1 1 
 š"A Š•
1 1 1
(A) 4 (B) 3
(C) 2 (D) 1
5. ®• 4 1 ªD ,˜1 ƒ9Ù{fªÑ• a, K D u
2
(A) 0 (B) a
(C) −a2 (D) 4

 
a1 1 1 ··· 1
1 a2 0 ··· 0 
 

 
n! ( K 15 ©) OŽ n 1 ª Dn = 
 1 0 a3 ··· 0 . (ai 6= 0, i = 1, 2, · · · , n)
 .. .. .. .. .. 
. . . . . 
 

1 0 0 ··· an

o! ( K 15 ©) n Ý A •• r, y²•3•• n − r n Ý B, ¦ AB = 0.

Ê! ( K 15 ©) y²: ¢é¡ Ý A Š7• 1 ½ -1

8! ( K 15 ©) ¦±ng•§ x3 + x + 1 = 0 n‡Š ²••Š ng•§

7
  
x a a ··· a
a x a ··· a 
 

 
Ô! ( K 15 ©) n>1 ¢• An = 
 a a x ··· a .
 .. .. .. .. .. 
. . . . . 
 

a a a ··· x
(1) ¦Ý An •;
(2) Ý An Ûž´ ½ ?

l! ( K 15 ©) α1 , α2 , · · · , αn ´ n ‘‚5˜m V ˜|Ä, •þ β ∈ V Œ±dù|Ä¥ ?¿ n − 1 ‡‚

5L«, y² β = 0

Ê! ( K 20 ©) ‚5˜m V = W1 ⊕ W2 ⊕ · · · ⊕ Ws . y²: •3 V ‚5C† A1 , A2 , · · · , As . ¦

(1) Ai2 = Ai , 1 ≤ i ≤ s;
(2) Ai Aj = 0, i 6= j;
(3) A1 + A2 + · · · + As = I •ð C†;
(4) ImAi = Wi , 1 ≤ i ≤ s.

8
 4. ®‰EŒÆ 2012 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825)

o
‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
˜! ( 15 ©) ä
f (x) = x5 − 3x4 + 5x3 − 7x2 + 6x − 2
kÃ-Ϫ, ek, ž¦Ñ f (x) ¤k-Ϫ¿•ÑÙ-ê.
 
1 1 −1 !
  2 1 −2
! ( 20 ©) Ý A =  2 1
 0 , B =

1 −1 −1
1 −1 1
(1) OŽÝ AB 0 ±91 ª |AB 0 BA0 |;
(2) ¦Ý C, ¦ CA = B.

n! ( 20 ©) ïÄ k ÛŠž, ‚5•§|

kx + x2 + x3 = 5;
 1


3x1 + 2x2 + kx3 = 18 − 5k;



x + 2x = 2.
2 3

(1) k•˜);
(2) káõ);
(3) Ã).

o! ( 20 ©) g. f (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = 5x21 + 5x22 + cx23 − 2x1 x2 + 6x1 x3 − 6x2 x3 •• 2

(1) ¦ëê c ¦ T g. • u 2;
(2) ÑT g. Ý A;
(3) ¦˜‡ Ý P Ú˜‡é Ý Λ¦ P −1 AP = Λ;
(4) ¦˜‡šòz‚5O† x = Cy rT g.z•IO/.

Ê! ( 20 ©) V = R4 , V1 = L(α1 , α2 , α3 ), V2 = L(β1 , β2 ). Ù¥ α1 = (1, 2, −1, −3), α2 = (−1, −1, 2, 1),

α3 = (−1, −3, 0, 5), β1 = (−1, 0, 4, −2), β2 = (0, 5, 9, −14). ¦
(1) V1 ‘ꆘ|Ä;
(2) V2 ‘ꆘ|Ä;
(3) V1 + V2 ‘ꆘ|Ä;
(4) V1 ∩ V2 ‘ꆘ|Ä;
 
4 −1 2
 
8! ( 15 ©) A=
 −9 4 −6 

−9 3 −5
(1) ¦ A Ð Ïf
(2) ¦Ñ A Jordan IO/

Ô! ( 10 ©) A ´‚5˜m V þ ‚5C†, ξ ∈ V, ξ, A (ξ), · · · , A k−1 (ξ) ÑØ u", A k (ξ) = 0.

y²: ξ, A (ξ), · · · , A k−1 (ξ) ‚5Ã'.

l! ( 15 ©) A ´‚5˜m V þ ‚5C†, ÷v A 2 − 3A + 2I = 0, Ù¥ I ´ð C†. y² A A Š

•U´ 1 ½ 2.

Ê! ( 15 ©) A, B Ñ´ n • , y²: XJ A2 = E, K rank(A + E) + rank(A − E) = n. Ù¥ E • n ü

Ý , rank(·) L«Ý •.

9
 5. ®‰EŒÆ 2013 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825)

o
‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
˜! W˜K(z K  4 ©, 20 ©) 
 x+1 x + 10 111 7
 
 
 0 x+2 0 0 
1. f (x) =  , K f (x) ¥ x3 Xê´ , ~ê‘ u
 0 78 x−7 6  
 
 0 99 10 x+8 
2. o Ý A Ð Ïf• (λ − 1)2 , (λ − 2)2 , K A Jordan IO/´
3. A •‚5˜m V ˜‡‚5C†, … A 2 = A , K A A Š•U´
0
4. u ´n ‘ •þ, (u, u) = 1, H = E − 2uu , K λ =
!1 ´H -A Š.
A 0
5. A, B ©O´ k Ú r Œ_Ý , D = , K D∗ =
C B

! ( 10 ©) f (x) = x4 + x3 − 3x2 − 4x − a, g(x) = x3 + x2 − x − 1. ¦ (f (x), g(x)).

 
1 2 −1
n! ( 20 ©) ‚5C† A 3n‘‚5˜m V
 
˜|Ä ε1 , ε3 , ε3 e Ý ´ A =   2 1 0 

3 0 1

 η1 = 2ε1 + ε2 + 3ε3


(1) ¦ A 3Ä η1 , η2 , η3 e Ý , Ù¥ η2 = ε1 + ε2 + 2ε3

 η = −ε + ε + ε

3 1 2 3
(2) ¦ A Š• A (V ) ÚØ A −1 (0);
(3) r A −1 (0) Ä*¿• V Ä, ¿¦ A 3ù|Äe Ý .

o! ( 20 ©) S, A ©O´ P n×n ¥ é¡Ý Ú‡é¡Ý ¤ f˜m. y²

P n×n = S ⊕ A
 
−1 −3 3 −3
 
 −3 −1 −3 3 
Ê! ( 20 ©) ¢é¡Ý A =  .
 3
 −3 −1 −3 
−3 3 −3 −1
(1) ¦Œ_Ý T , ¦ T 0 AT ¤é ,¿ ÑTé Ý .
(2) ¦˜‡šòz‚5O†r g. f (x) = x0 Ax z•IO/.

 n rank(A) = n


∗
8! ( 20 ©) A ´˜‡ n • , y²: rank(A ) = 1 rank(A) = n − 1

 0 rank(A) < n − 1




 a11 x1 + a12 x2 + · · · + a1n xn = 0


 a x + a x + ··· + a x = 0
21 1 22 2 2n n
Ô! ( 20 ©) XJàg‚5•§| XêÝ • A, Mi ´Ý A ¥y


 · · · · · · · · · · · ·

an1 x1 + an2 x2 + · · · + ann xn = 0

1i ¤ (n − 1) × (n − 1) Ý 1 ª, y²: (M1 , −M2 , · · · , (−1)n−1 Mn )0 ´T•§| ˜‡).

l! ( 20 ©) P [x]3 ´gê؇L 3 õ‘ª NëÓ 0 õ‘ª ¤ ‚5˜m, f (x) = a0 +a1 x+a2 x2 +a3 x3 ∈
P [x]3 , yk P [x]3 ‚5C† A :

A (f (x)) = (a0 − 2a1 ) + (−3a0 + 2a1 )x + (2a2 − 3a3 )x2 + (−4a2 + 3a3 )x3

¦A A Š9A •þ, ¿ ½ A UÄé z.

10
 6. ®‰EŒÆ 2014 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(p “ê825)

o
‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
˜! ( 15 ©) f (x) = an xn + an−1 xn−1 + · · · + a1 x + a0 ´˜‡ Xêõ‘ª, y²: XJ an + an−1 + · · · + a1 + a0
´Ûê, K f (x) QØU x − 1 Ø, qØU x + 1 Ø.
 
 1+a
 1 1 ··· 1 

 
 1 1 + a2 · · · 1 
! ( 20 ©) OŽ1 ª Dn = 
 , Ù¥ a1 a2 · · · an 6= 0.
 ··· ··· ··· · · · 
 
 1 1 · · · 1 + an 

n! ( 15 ©) A •n • , y²: rank(A) = 1 ¿©7‡^‡´•3 n ‘š" •þ α, β, ¦ A = αβ 0 ,

Ù¥ rank(A) L« A •.

o! ( 20 ©)
(1) e A, B Ñ´ n • , y²: rank(A) + rank(B) ≤ n + rank(AB).
(2) e A1 , A2 , · · · , As (s ≥ 2) Ñ´ n • , y²:
s
X
rank(Ai ) ≤ n(s − 1) + rank(A1 A2 · · · As )
i=1

Ê! ¡K86Ã.

11
 7. ®‰EŒÆ 2009 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613)

o
‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
˜! ( 15 ©) f (x) 3«m [a, +∞) þ Œ , … f (a) > 0, f 0 (a) < 0, x > a ž, f 00 (x) ≤ 0. y²: 3
(a, +∞) S, •§ f (x) = 0 k…=k˜‡¢Š.
´ u(x)
f (t)dt
! ( 15 ©) f (x) këY ê, f (0) = f (0) = 0, … f (x) > 0, ¦ lim+ 0´ x
0 00
, Ù¥ u(x) ´-‚
x→0
0
f (t)dt
y = f (x) 3: (x, f (x)) ? ƒ‚3 x ¶þ å.
ˆ x
n! ( 15 ©) ¼ê f (x) 3«m [a, b] þëY, F (x) = f (t)dt, y² F (x) Œ , … F 0 (x) = f (x).
a

o! ( 15 ©) ¼ê f (x) 3«m [0, 1] þëY, y²:

1 2 ˆ 1
f 2 (x)
ˆ
f (x) π
dx ≤ dx. (t > 0)
0 t2 + x2 2t 0 t 2 + x2

Ê! ( 15 ©) ^k•CX½ny²Š •35½n.
¨
x−y
8! ( 15 ©) OŽ -È© e x+y dxdy, Ù¥ D ´d x = 0, y = 0, x + y = 1 ¤Œ¤ «•.
D
2
x2
Ô! ( 15 ©) ?ؼêS {fn (x) = n2 xe−n }, x ∈ [0, 1] ˜—Âñ5.
∞
X x2n
l! ( 15 ©) ¦˜?ê ÂñŒ»ÚÂñ«•.
n=1
n − 32n
ˆ
(x − y)dx + (x + y)dy
Ê! ( 15 ©) ¦ , Ù¥ L • y = 1 − 2x2 g: A(−1, −1) –: B(1, −1) lã.
L x2 + y 2
ˆ √ 2
−9
›! ( 15 ©) y²: Se ≤ e− x y ds ≤ S, Ù¥ c ´†‚ 3x + 4y − 12 = 0 0uü‹I¶ƒm ‚ã.
2

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 8. ®‰EŒÆ 2010 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613)

o
‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
´x 2 ´ sin x
0
e−t dt − x 0
ln(1 + t)dt
˜! ( 15 ©) (1) ¦4• lim ; (2) lim √ .
x→0 sin x − x x→0 1 + x2 − 1
! ( 15 ©) S •k.ê8, y²: e sup S = a ∈
/ S, K•3î‚Oê {xn } ⊂ S, ¦ lim xn = a.
x→∞

n! ( 15 ©) e¼ê f (x) 3: a ?këY ê, y²:

f (a − h) − 2f (a) + f (a + h)
lim = f 00 (a)
h→0 h2

o! ( 15 ©) ¼ê f (x) 3 [0, 1] þŒ‡, …

ˆ 1
2
f (1) − 2 xf (x)dx = 0
0

f (ξ)
•3, K•3 ξ ∈ (0, 1), ¦ f 0 (ξ) = .
ξ
∂2f ∂f (x, 0)
Ê! ( 15 ©) z = f (x, y) ÷v = 2x, f (x, 1) = 0, = sin x, ¦ f (x, y).
∂y 2 ∂y
∞ ∞ ∞ ∞
X X X X an
8! ( 15 ©) ?ê a2n Ú b2n Âñ, ¦y: (1) ?ê |an bn | Âñ; (2) ?ê Âñ.
n=1 n=1 n=1 n=1
n
¨ X
Ô! ( 15 ©) OŽ P
x2 dydz + y 2 dzdx + z 2 dxdy, Ù¥ : x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1 (z ≥ 1) ý.

l! ( 15 ©) ¼ê f (x) 3¢ê¶ R þ˜—ëY, y²•3 ê A, B, ¦ é?¿ x ∈ R, Ñk

|f (x)| ≤ A|x| + B.

Ê! ( 15 ©) ¼ê f (x) 34«m [a, b] þk½Â, …÷v

1. ?¿ x0 ∈ [a, b], f (x0 ) ∈ [a, b];
2. •3 η ∈ (0, 1), ¦ ?¿ x1 , x2 ∈ [a, b], k |f (x1 ) − f (x2 )| ≤ η|x1 − x2 |.
y²é?¿ê {an }: a1 ∈ [a, b] … an+1 = f (an ), 4• lim an Âñ.
n→∞
ˆ +∞ ∞
X ˆ +∞
›! ( 15 ©) ¼ê f (x) 3 [0, +∞) þüN, … f (x)dx •3, K lim h f (kh) = f (x)dx.
0 h→0+ 0
k=1

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 9. ®‰EŒÆ 2011 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613)

o
‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
 
1
˜! ( 15 ©) ¼ê f (x) 34«m [0, 1] þëY, 3m«m (0, 1) SŒ‡, … f (0) = f (1) = 0, f = 1, y²:
  2
1
(1) •3 ξ ∈ , 1 , ¦ f (ξ) = ξ;
2
(2) •3 η ∈ (0, ξ), ¦ f 0 (η) = f (η) − η + 1.
ˆ x2
2
! ( 15 ©) ¦¼ê f (x) = (x2 − t)e−t dt üN«m†4Š.
1
 
a+b
n! ( 15 ©) f (x) 3 [a, b] þ gëYŒ‡, … f = 0, y²:
2
ˆ 
 b  M (b − a)3
f (x)dx ≤ ,
 
24

 a 

Ù¥ M = sup |f 00 (x)|.
a≤x≤b
ˆ
5 sin x + 2 cos x
o! ( 15 ©) ¦È© dx.
sin x + 3 cos x

 psin xy ,

x2 + y 2 6= 0
Ê! ( 15 ©) ®• f (x, y) = x2 + y 2 , Á?ؼê f (x, y) 3 : (0, 0) ?´ÄëY..
0, x2 + y 2 = 0



8! ( 15 ©) ¦˜m˜: (x0 , y0 , z0 ) ²¡ Ax + By + Cz + D = 0 •áål.

ˆ +∞
2
Ô! ( 15 ©) y²: ‡~È© e−x y dy 3 [a, b](a > 0) þ˜—Âñ.
0

l! ( 15 ©) OŽ ¨
x2 dydz + y 2 dzdx + z 2 dxdy,
S

Ù¥ S ´¥¡ (x − a)2 + (y − b)2 + (z − c)2 = R2 , ¿ ý• •.

Ê! ( 15 ©) f (x) •«m [a, b] þ ëY¼ê, … x1 , x2 , · · · , xn ∈ (a, b). y²: •3 ξ ∈ (a, b), ¦

n
1 X
f (ξ) = (2k − 1)f (xk ).
n2
k=1

›! ( 15 ©) äe ?ê´ýéÂñ, ^‡Âñ„´uÑ.

∞ ∞
X π X (−1)n
(1) 3n sin (2)
n=1
5n n=1
2ln n

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 10. ®‰EŒÆ 2012 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613)

o
‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
˜! ( 20 ©)
1p
(1) ¦4• lim n
(n + 1)(n + 2) · · · (2n).
n→∞ n
ˆ π2
(2) y²È© ln(sin x)dx Âñ…¦ÙŠ.
0

! ( 20 ©)
∞
X p
(1) y²: éu λ > 0, ?ê (−1)n tan( n2 + λπ) ÑÂñ.
n=1 ˆ x
x
(2) f (x) ëY, ¦4• lim f (t)dt.
x→a x − a a

n! ( 15 ©) ®•‰½¼ê

(x − a)m sin 1
, x 6= a
f (x) = x−a
0, x=a


Ù¥ m • ê, Á?Ø f (x) 3 x = a ëY5†Œ 5±9 ¼ê f 0 (x) 3 x = a ëY5.

ˆ x
o! ( 15 ©) ¼ê f (x) 3 [0, b] þëY, … f (t)dt ≥ bf (x) ≥ 0, ∀x ∈ [0, b], y²: f (x) ≡ 0.
0
n
1X
Ê! ( 15 ©) f (x) 3 [a, b] ëY, x1 , x2 , · · · , xn ∈ [a, b]. y²: •3 ξ ∈ [a, b], ¦ f (ξ) = f (xi ).
n i=1

8! ( 15 ©) ®•-‚ 
x2 + y 2 − 2z 2 = 0;
C:
x + y + 3z = 5.

¦-‚ C ål XOY ¡• :Ú•C :.

Ô! ( 15 ©) f (x) 3 [a, b] ëY, 3 (a, b) Œ , … f 0 (x) 6= 0. Áy²: •3 ξ, η ∈ (a, b), ¦

f 0 (ξ) eb − ea −η
0
= e .
f (η) b−a

l! ( 15 ©) f (x) 3«m [−1, 1] þëY…•Û¼ê, «• D d-‚ y = 4 − x2 † y = −3x, x = 1 ¤Œ¤, ¦

¨ p
I= (1 + f (x) ln(y + 1 + y 2 ))dxdy.
D

Ê! ( 10 ©) Á|^4«m@½ny²ê {an } Âñ ¿‡^‡´: é?¿ ε > 0, •3 N > 0, ¦

m, n > N ž, |am − an | < ε.

›! ( 10 ©)
(1) a •Ø´ ê ¢ëê, OŽ¼ê cos ax 3 [−π, π] n ?êÐmª;
(2) y²:
+∞  
1 1 X 1 1
= + (−1)n + ,
sin t t n=1 t − nπ t + nπ

Ù¥ t Ø´ π ê ;
(3) |^þ¡(JOŽ2ÂÈ©:
ˆ +∞
sin x
dx.
0 x

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 11. ®‰EŒÆ 2013 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613)

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‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
˜! ( 20 ©)
y ∂z ∂z
(1) z = f (x, y, u) = xy + xF (u), Ù¥ F •Œ‡¼ê, … u = , y²: x +y = z + xy
x ∂x ∂y
z ∂u ∂ 2 u
(2) u = xy , ¦ ,
∂z ∂z 2

! ( 20 ©)
ˆ b ˆ b
1 1
(1) f (x) 3 [a, b] þëY, f (x)dx = + f (x2 )dx, K•3 ξ ∈ (a, b) ¦ f (ξ) − f (ξ 2 ) = .
ˆ x a 4 a 4(b − a)
1
(2) ¦4• lim ( et dt) x
x→∞ 0
−x

 g(x) − e
, x 6= 0
n! ( 20 ©) f (x) = x , Ù¥ g(x) k ëY ê, … g(0) = 1, g 0 (0) = −1, ¦ f 0 (x),
 0, x=0
¿?Ø f 0 (x) 3 (−∞, +∞) þ ëY5.

o! ( 15 ©) f (x) 3 [0, 1] þëYŒ‡, … f (0) = 0, f (1) = 1, ¦y:

(1) ∀x ∈ [0, 1], |f (x) − f 0 (x)| ≥ (e−x f (x))0
ˆ 1
(2) |f (x) − f 0 (x)|dx ≥ e−1
0

Ê! ( 15 ©) e {[an , bn ]} ´˜‡4«m@, = [an+1 , bn+1 ] ⊂ [an , bn ], n = 1, 2 · · · , … lim (bn − an ) = 0, y²:

n→∞
•3•˜: ξ, ¦ ξ ∈ [an , bn ], n = 1, 2, · · · ..

8! ( 15 ©) OŽ -È© ¨
sin y
dxdy,
D y
Ù¥ D ´d-‚ y = x ±9 x = y 2 ¤Œ¤ 4«•.

Ô! ( 15 ©) OŽ ˚
1
dxdydz,
Ω 1 + x2 + y 2
Ù¥ Ω ´d Ô¡ x2 + y 2 = 4z †²¡ z = h > 0 Œ¤ ˜m«•.

l! ( 10 ©) f0 (x) 3 [0, 1] þëY, ½Â¼êS :

ˆ x
fn+1 (x) = fn (x)dt, n = 0, 1, 2, · · · .
0
∞
X
y²: ¼ê‘?ê fn (x) 3 [0, 1] þ˜—Âñ.
n=1

Ê! ( 10 ©) ¼ê y = f (x) Œ , … f 00 (x) > 0, f (0) = 0, f 0 (0) = 0, ¦

x3 f (u)
lim ,
x→0 f (x) sin3 u

Ù¥ u ´-‚ y = f (x) 3: P (x, f (x)) ? ƒ‚3 x ¶þ å.

›! ( 10 ©) OŽ-¡È© ¨
I= P
(x + z 2 )dydz − zdxdy,
X 1 2
Ù¥ ´^= Ô¡ z = (x + y 2 ) 0u²¡ z = 0 Ú z = 2 ƒm Ü© eý.
2

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 12. ®‰EŒÆ 2014 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613)

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‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
˜! ( 15 ©)
´ x2
cos xdx
0
(1) OŽ4• lim ;
x→0 ln(1 + x2 )
2(1 + an )
(2) a1 > 0, an+1 = , (n = 1, 2, · · · ), y²: lim an •3, ¿¦T4•.
2 + an n→∞

! ( 15 ©)
(1) u = x2 + y 2 + z 2 , Ù¥ z = f (x, y) ´d•§ x3 + y 3 + z 3 = 3xyz ¤(½ Û¼ê, ¦ ux .
(2) 


 x = u + v;

y = u2 + v 2 ;


z = u3 + v 3 .


∂z
¦
∂x
n! ( 15 ©) f (x) 3 [0, 2] þëY, … f (0) = f (2), y² ∃x0 ∈ [0, 1], ¦ f (x0 ) = f (x0 + 1).

o! ( 15 ©) f (x) •ó¼ê, Áy²:

¨ ˆ 2a
f (x − y)dxdy = 2 (2a − u)f (u)du
D 0

Ù¥ D : |x| ≤ a, |y| ≤ a(a > 0).

Ê! ( 15 ©) f (x) 3«m [0, 1] þäk ëY ê, …阃 x ∈ [0, 1], þk |f (x)| < M , |f ”(x)| < M . y
0
²: 阃 x ∈ [0, 1], ¤á |f (x)| < 3M .

8! ( 15 ©) ˆa a> 0, f (x) ´½Â3«m

ˆ a [−a, a] þ ëYó¼ê.
f (x)
(1) y²: x
dx = f (x)dx;
−a 1 + e
ˆ π2 0
cos3 x
(2) OŽÈ© dx.
−π 2
1 + ex

Ô! ( 15 ©)
+∞
X x
(1) y²: ?ê 3 [0, +∞) þ˜—Âñ;
n=1
1 + n4 x2
+∞
X (−1)n 8n
(2) ¦?ê 3 + n)
x3n−2 Âñ•.
n=1
n ln(n

l! ( 15 ©) y²: e f (x, y) 3Ý/«• D ÷v:

|f (x1 , y) − f (x2 , y)| ≤ L1 |x1 − x2 |, |f (x, y1 ) − f (x, y2 )| ≤ L2 |y1 − y2 |,

Ù¥ L1 , L2 ´ ~ê, K¼ê f (x, y) 3 D ˜—ëY.

X
Ê! ( 15 ©) éuŒ˜m x > 0 S?¿ ©¡1w k•µ4-¡ , Ñk
"
xy
f (x)dydz − dzdx − dxdy = 0
P 1 + x2
Ù¥¼ê f (x) 3 [0, +∞) þäk˜ ëY ê, … f (0) = 1, ¦ f (x).
ˆ 
 b  2
›! ( 15 ©) |f (x)| ≤ π, f 0 (x) ≥ m > 0(a ≤ x ≤ b), y²:  sin f (x)dx ≤ .
 
 a  m

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 13. ®‰EŒÆ 2016 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613)

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‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
˜! ( 15 ©)    
1 1 1
(1) ¦4• lim 1− 2 1 − 2 ··· 1 − 2
n→∞ 2 3 n
  x
1 x2 +y
(2) ¦4• lim 1+ .
x→∞,y→a x
! ( 15 ©) 
 (x2 + y 2 ) sin p 1

, (x, y) 6= (0, 0)
f (x, y) = x2 + y 2
0, (x, y) = (0, 0)



ä f (x, y) 3 :? ê´ÄëY9Œ‡.

n! ( 15 ©) ®• ˆ x ˆ x 
2
f (x) = e−s ds dt,
0 t

¦ f (x) 9 f 0 (x).

o! ( 15 ©) ˆ ˆ
π π
x sin x arctan ex π x sin x
(1) y²: 2
dx = dx
ˆ−ππ 1 + cos x 2 0 1 + cos2 x
x sin x
(2) ¦È© 2
dx
0 1 + cos x

Ê! ( 15 ©) f (x) 3 [0, 1] þëY, 3 (0, 1) þŒ , f (0) = 0, f (1) = 1, 3 [0, 1] þ•3n‡ØÓ ~ê k1 , k2 , k3 ,

… k1 + k2 + k3 = 1, y²: •3n‡ØÓ : t1 , t2 , t3 , ¦
k1 k2 k3
+ + = 1.
f 0 (t1 ) f 0 (t2 ) f 0 (t3 )

8! ( 15 ©) ®• -È© ¨
I= P
(x3 − x)dydz + (y 3 − y)dzdx + (z 3 − z)dxdy,
X X
‡¦ I • , Á(½-¡ , ¿¦ƒA-¡ eI • Š.

Ô! ( 15 ©) ¦ ¨
I= |x2 − x + y 2 |dxdy,
D

Ù¥ D • x2 + y 2 ≤ 1 -¡.
ˆ +∞
l! ( 15 ©) f (x) ´šK¼ê…3 (−∞, +∞) þ˜—ëY, f (x)dx Âñ, ¦y lim f (x) = 0.
0 x→+∞

Ê! ( 15 ©) f (x) 3 (−∞, +∞) þäk ¼ê f 0 (x), … f 0 (x) 3 (−∞, +∞) þ˜—ëY, ¦y:
   
1
{n f x + − f (x) } (n = 1, 2 · · · , ∞)
n
3 (−∞, +∞) ˜—Âñu f 0 (x).

›! ( 15 ©) y²: ‡~È©
ˆ +∞
sin xy
dy
0 y
3 (0, +∞) þ˜—Âñ.

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 14. ®‰EŒÆ 2017 ca¬ïÄ)\Æ•ÁÁK(êÆ©Û613)

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‡&ú¯Ò: sxkyliyang
˜! (1) ¦4•
1
lim (cos 2x + 2 sin x) x4 .
x→∞

(2) ¦4•  
1 1 2 n
lim sin + 2 sin + · · · + n sin .
n→∞ n2 n n n
ˆ x
! (1) f (x) 3 [0, 1] ëY, f (x) < 0, y²: 2x − f (t)dt 3 (0, 1) þk…•k˜‡Š.
ˆ 1 0

(2) f (x) 3 [0, 1] ëY, I = f (x)dx 6= 0, y•3ü: x1 , x2 ∈ (0, 1) ¦

0

1 1 2
+ = .
f (x1 ) f (x2 ) I

n! f 3 [a, b] þ Œ , f 0 (x) = 2f (x) = βf 00 (x), y² β = 0, β 6= 0 ž f 3 [a, b] þá Œ .

2π
o! I1 , · · · , In ´ n ‡•þ, …ƒ ü‡•þ Y • cos , y²
n
n
X ∂f (x0 , y0 )
= 0.
i=1
∂li

Ê!
1

(x + y)p sin p
 , x2 + y 2 =
6 0
x 2 + y2
f (x, y) =
x2 + y 2 = 0

0,

äp ŸoŠ f (x, y) ê3 (0, 0) ëY.

8! ®• f 00 (x) > 0, y² ˆ  ˆ a
a 
1
f [g(t)]dt ≥ af g(t)dt .
0 a 0

Ô! ˛
1 XdY − Y dX
I= (X = ax + by, Y = cx + dy)
2π C X2 + Y 2
Ù¥ C ´{ü µ4-‚, ¦ I.

l!  p
x2 + y 2 , z ≥ x2 + y 2 ;
f (x, y, z) = p
0, z < x2 + y 2 .
¨
Á¦-¡È© F (t) = f (x, y, z)dS (−∞ < t < +∞) ƒŠ.
x2 +y 2 +z 2 =t2

Ê! (1) y²
∞
X (−1)n xn lnn x
n=1
n!

3 [0, 1] þ˜—Âñ.
(2) y²
ˆ 1 ∞
X
x−x dx = n−n .
0 n=1

19