The Arduino Uno R3 is a microcontroller board based on a

removable, dual-inline-package (DIP) ATmega328 AVR

microcontroller. It has 20 digital input/output pins (of which 6
can be used as PWM outputs and 6 can be used as analog inputs).
Programs can be loaded on to it from the easy-to-use Arduino
computer program. The Arduino has an extensive support community,
which makes it a very easy way to get started working with
embedded electronics. The R3 is the third, and latest, revision
of the Arduino Uno.

A Servo Motor is a small device that has an output shaft. This

shaft can be positioned to specific angular positions by sending
the servo a coded signal. As long as the coded signal exists on
the input line, the servo will maintain the angular position of
the shaft. If the coded signal changes, the angular position of
the shaft changes. In practice, servos are used in radio-
controlled airplanes to position control surfaces like the
elevators and rudders. They are also used in radio-controlled
cars, puppets, and of course, robots.

An LCD display 16*2 is actually a basic and simple to use LCD

module. It includes LCD glass, COB (Chip on PCB Board) LCD
control board, backlight, zebra to connect LCD glass and control
board and a bezel to hold everything together. 16×2 LCD display
can display 16 characters per line and there are two lines. Each
character has 5×7 dot matrix pixels and the cursor underneath.

An RFID MFRC522 reader is a highly integrated read and write card

chip applied to the 13.56MHz contactless communication. Launched
by the NXP Company, it is a low-voltage, low-cost, and small-
sized non-contact card chip, a best choice for intelligent
instrument and portable handheld devices.

The RFID Card/Tags are a type of tracking system that uses radio
frequency to search, identify, track, and communicate with items
and people.
Jumper wires are simply wires that have connector pins at each
end, allowing them to be used to connect two points to each other
without soldering. Jumper wires are typically used with
breadboards and other prototyping tools in order to make it easy
to change a circuit as needed.

A battery is an energy source consisting of one or more

electrochemical cells and terminals on both ends called an anode
(-) and a cathode (+). Electrochemical cells transform chemical
energy into electrical energy.