Introduction:

Every day, tons of steel are consumed by corrosion, wasting huge amounts of resources
and energy.
In the present work we will show the galvanization process and its importance that comes
to be useful to the metal, showing its advantages and its ways of being applied as a form
of coating, not only, but also the industrial sectors that often apply the metal as a the aid
of its production, therefore, we will talk about galvanization as a way to protect these
metals.

Objectives
General objective:
To know galvanizing in all aspects.
Specific objective:
To talk about the processes of galvanization;
To talk about the advantages of galvanizing and applications according to the
production and industrial sectors.
Every day, tons of steel are consumed by corrosion, wasting huge amounts of resources
and energy.
For two tons of steel produced, one is used to replace corroded steel.
Hot dip galvanizing is a process of coating steel or cast iron parts of any
size, weight, shape or complexity to protect against corrosion. Galvanizing significantly
increases
the useful life of the steel, with an additional cost close to 5% of the value of the work,
however, with a great reduction in maintenance costs.

MAIN APPLICATIONS:
 Agricultural: irrigation, coverings, greenhouses, gates, fencing, lame, drinking
fountains, etc.;
 Automotive: bus and truck bodywork and chassis, radiators, door sills, hoods,
part of the exhaust, suspension parts, etc.;
 Civil construction: buildings, industrial sheds, gutters, pipes, gates, windows,
floors, air conditioning ducts, panels, partitions and metallic structures in general;
 Electrification: high voltage towers, hardware, posts, cable trays, cable trays,
conduit tubes, etc.;
 Road: fenders, light and signaling traffic lights, message boards, etc.;
 Railway: wagon bodies, support for lighting devices, line support gantries, screws,
nuts, brackets and rails, etc.;
 Naval Industry;
 Tubes and conduits.

The field of application is unlimited as long as the necessary care for the process is
observed in the project.
of galvanization.

ADVANTAGES OF GALVANIZING:
 Hot dip galvanizing reduces the cost of metal parts, products and structures, as it
does not maintenance of the product is necessary frequently, making it even
unnecessary;
 The durability of galvanized products is directly proportional to the thickness of
the zinc coating;
 Proportional to the aggressiveness of the environment;
 The galvanized product is compatible with other coatings, such as painting,
either for aesthetics or safety and signage, further extending the useful life of the
steel;
 The galvanizing process is simple and fully controlled;
  Unlike other processes that take days to complete, hot dip galvanizing It is a quick
process, done in a few minutes, and it is possible to use the part at the end of the
galvanizing process, without surface preparation;
 The formed coating gives the galvanized product great resistance to mechanical
damage during handling, storage, transport and installation, also being resistant
to abrasion;
 Galvanized product can be easily inspected.

GALVANIZING PROCESS
The process begins with cleaning the part by pickling; then the steel structure is immersed
in molten zinc
(450ºC). A series of intermetallic layers are formed between iron and zinc, resulting from
a metallurgical reaction. A
immersion lasts around four to five minutes, and may be longer for parts that have high
thermal inertia
or when zinc must reach indoor areas.

STEPS OF THE GALVANIZING PROCESS:

1. Degrease (NaOH)
2. Washing (water)
3. Pickling (HCI)
4. Washing (water)
5. Fluxing (ZnCl2 and NH4Cl) (decrease surface tension and favor wettability)
6. Drying
7. Cast zinc bath (450°C)
8. Passivation (chromatizing solution) and/or cooling. (Not recommended when
painting).
FINISHING
The last stage of the galvanizing process is the finish, which can be done through
metallization (deposition of zinc by
thermal spray) or paint with a high zinc content (greater than 85%).
Failure to take care of the pieces at this stage can cause problems in the final result, and
it is exactly for this reason that they must be
carefully followed the requirements established in the norm.

Conclusion:
After seeing each procedure that governs the galvanizing process, we can conclude that
this process is extremely important and even indispensable to the metal, since this process
often aims to give the metal a long life and the metallic structure.
This process, like other processes (painting and zinc plating), offers the metal a layer of
anti-corrosion resistance even when it is in an environment conducive to corrosion such
as (humidity, rainy, dusty and even very sunny places).