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Zambrano Vera Jean Carlos Ec
Zambrano Vera Jean Carlos Ec
AUTÓNOMA. UNIDAD 3.
MATERIA:
ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES “A”
LUGAR DE RESIDENCIA:
QUININDE - ESMERALDAS
DOCENTE:
WILMER BARRERA
NIVEL:
SEGUNDO SEMESTRE
PERIODO:
MAYO-SEPTIEMBRE
ACTIVIDAD #6: Otro tipo de actividad autónoma. Unidad 3.
Ejercicios:
Ejercicios #1:
𝑦′2
i. 𝑦 ′′ =
𝑦
𝑑𝑧
𝑦′ = 𝑧 , 𝑦 ′′ = 𝑧
𝑑𝑦
2
′′
𝑦′
𝑦 =
𝑦
𝑑𝑧 𝑧2
𝑧 =
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
𝑑𝑧 𝑧2
=
𝑑𝑦 𝑧𝑦
𝑑𝑧 𝑧
=
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦
=
𝑧 𝑦
𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦
∫ = ∫
𝑧 𝑦
ln|𝑧| = ln|𝑦| + ln|𝐶 |
ln|𝑧| = ln|𝑦𝐶 |
𝑒 ln |𝑧| = 𝑒 ln|𝑦𝐶|
𝑧 = ±𝑦𝐶
𝑦 ′ = ±𝑦𝐶
𝑑𝑦
= ±𝑦𝐶
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
= ±𝐶𝑑𝑥
𝑦
𝑑𝑦
∫ = ± ∫ 𝐶𝑑𝑥
𝑦
ln |𝑦| = ±𝐶𝑥 + 𝐶2
𝑒 ln|𝑦| = 𝑒 ±𝐶𝑥+𝐶2
|𝑦| = 𝑒 ±𝐶𝑥+𝐶2
𝑦1 = 𝑒 ±𝐶𝑥+𝐶2
𝑦2 = −𝑒 ±𝐶𝑥+𝐶2
ii. 𝑦𝑦 ′′ + 𝑦′2 = 0
2
𝑦𝑦 ′′ 𝑦 ′
+ =0
𝑦 𝑦
2
𝑦′
′′
𝑦 + =0
𝑦
2
′′
𝑦′
𝑦 =−
𝑦
𝑑𝑧
𝑦′ = 𝑧 , 𝑦 ′′ = 𝑧
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑧 𝑧2
𝑧 = −
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
𝑑𝑧 𝑧2
= −
𝑑𝑦 𝑧𝑦
𝑑𝑧 𝑧
= −
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦
= −
𝑧 𝑦
𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦
∫ = ∫−
𝑧 𝑦
ln|𝑧| = − ln|𝑦| + ln|𝐶 |
𝐶
ln|𝑧| = ln | |
𝑦
𝐶
ln| |
𝑒 ln|𝑧| = 𝑒 𝑦
𝐶
𝑧=±
𝑦
𝐶
𝑦′ = ±
𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝐶
=±
𝑑𝑥 𝑦
𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = ±𝐶 𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = ± ∫ 𝐶 𝑑𝑥
𝑦2
= ±𝐶𝑥 + 𝐶2
2
𝑦 2 = ±2(𝐶𝑥 + 𝐶2 )
𝒚′′ − 𝟖𝒚′ − 𝟗𝒚 = 𝟎
𝐶1 𝑒 −x + 81𝐶2 𝑒 9x − 8(−𝐶1 𝑒 −x + 9𝐶2 𝑒 9x ) − 9(𝐶1 𝑒 −x + 𝐶2 𝑒 9x ) = 0
𝐶1 𝑒 −x + 81𝐶2 𝑒 9x + 8𝐶1 𝑒 −x − 72𝐶2 𝑒 9x − 9𝐶1 𝑒 −x − 9𝐶2 𝑒 9x = 0
0=0
Ejercicio #3:
a. 𝒚 = 𝒄𝟏 𝒆𝒙 + 𝒄𝟐 𝒙𝒆𝒙
(λ − 1)(λ − 1) = 0
λ2 − 2λ + 1 = 0
𝑦 ′′ − 2𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 = 0
b. 𝒚 = 𝒄𝟏 𝒆𝟒𝒙 + 𝒄𝟐 𝒆−𝟒𝒙
(λ − 4)(λ + 4) = 0
λ2 − 16 = 0
𝑦 ′′ − 16𝑦 = 0
𝒚 = 𝒄𝟏 𝒆𝟒𝒙 + 𝒄𝟐 𝒆𝟒𝒙
(λ − 4)(λ − 4) = 0
λ2 − 8λ + 16 = 0
𝑦 ′′ − 8𝑦 ′ + 16𝑦 = 0
𝒙 𝟐𝒙
c. 𝒚 = 𝒄𝟏 𝒆𝟕 + 𝒄𝟐 𝒆 𝟕
1 2
(λ − ) (λ − ) = 0 (7)
7 7
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 7 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛
(7λ − 1)(7λ − 2) = 0
49λ2 − 21λ + 2 = 0
49𝑦 ′′ − 21𝑦 ′ + 2𝑦 = 0
d. 𝒚 = 𝒆𝟑𝒙 (𝒄𝟏 𝒄𝒐𝒔(√𝟐𝒙) + 𝒔𝒊𝒏(√𝟐𝒙))
∝= 3 𝛽 = √2
−𝑏 −(−6) 6
∝= = = =3
2 2 2
√4𝑐 − 𝑏2 √4(11) − (−6)2 √44 − 36 √8 √22 ∗ 2 2√2
𝛽= = = = = = = √2
2 2 2 2 2 2
𝑎=1 𝑏 = −6 𝑐 = 11
λ2 − 6λ + 11 = 0
𝑦 ′′ − 6𝑦 ′ + 11𝑦 = 0
Ejercicio #4:
a. 𝟒𝒚′′ + 𝟗𝒚 = 𝟏𝟓
1
4𝑦 ′′ + 9𝑦 = 15 ∗ ( )
4
9 15
𝑦 ′′ + 𝑦 =
4 4
9
λ2 + =0
4
9
𝑎=1 𝑏=0 𝑐=
4
−𝑏 0
∝= = =0
2 2
√4 ∗ 9
√4𝑐 4 √9 3
𝛽= = = =
2 2 2 2
𝑦𝑝 = 𝐴
𝑦 ′𝑝 = 0
𝑦′′𝑝 = 0
9 15
𝑦 ′′ 𝑝 + 𝐴 =
4 4
9 15
𝐴= ∗ (4)
4 4
9𝐴 = 15
15
𝐴=
9
5
𝐴=
3
𝑦 = 𝑦𝑐 + 𝑦𝑝
3 3 5
𝑦 = 𝑐1 cos ( 𝑥) + 𝑐2 sin ( 𝑥) +
2 2 3
b. 𝒚′′ + 𝒚′ − 𝟔𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙
𝑦 ′′ + 𝑦 ′ − 6𝑦 = 0
λ2 + λ − 6 = 0
(λ − 2)(λ + 3) = 0
λ1 = 2 λ2 = −3
𝑦𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 λ1x + 𝐶2 𝑒 λ2x
𝑦𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 2x + 𝐶2 𝑒 −3x
𝑦𝑝 = 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵
𝑦′𝑝 = 𝐴
𝑦′′𝑝 = 0
𝑦′′𝑝 + 𝑦′𝑝 − 6𝑦𝑝 = 2𝑥
0 + 𝐴 − 6(𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵) = 2𝑥
𝐴 − 6𝐴𝑥 − 6𝐵 = 2𝑥
−6𝐴𝑥 + 𝐴 − 6𝐵 = 2𝑥
−6𝐴𝑥 = 2𝑥 𝐴 − 6𝐵 = 0
−6𝐴 = 2 1
− − 6𝐵 = 0
2 3
𝐴= 1
−6 −6𝐵 =
1 3
𝐴= − 1
3 𝐵=−
18
𝑥 1
𝑦𝑝 = − −
3 18
𝑦 = 𝑦𝑐 + 𝑦𝑝
𝑥 1
𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 2x + 𝐶2 𝑒 −3x − −
3 18
𝟏
c. 𝒚′′ + 𝒚′ + 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙
𝟒
1 ′′
𝑦 + 𝑦′ + 𝑦 = 0
4
1 ′′
𝑦 + 𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 = 0 (4)
4
𝑦 ′′ + 4𝑦 ′ + 4𝑦 = 0
λ2 + 4λ + 4 = 0
(λ + 2)(λ + 2) = 0
λ = −2
𝑦𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 λx + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 λx
𝑦𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −2x + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 −2x
𝑦𝑝 = 𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑦′𝑝 = 2𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵
𝑦′′𝑝 = 2𝐴
1
𝑦′′ + 𝑦′𝑝 + 𝑦𝑝 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥
4 𝑝
1
(2𝐴) + (2𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵) + 𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥
4
1
𝐴 + 2𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵 + 𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥
2
1
𝐴𝑥 2 + 2𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐴 + 𝐵 + 𝐶 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥
2
𝐴𝑥 2 = 𝑥 2 2𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑥 = −2𝑥 1
𝐴+𝐵+𝐶 =0
𝐴=1 2𝐴 + 𝐵 = −2 2
1
2(1) + 𝐵 = −2 (1) + (−4) + 𝐶 = 0
2
𝐵 = −2 − 2 1
−4+𝐶 = 0
𝐵 = −4 2
1
𝐶 = 4−
2
7
𝐶=
2
7
𝑦𝑝 = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 +
2
𝑦 = 𝑦𝑐 + 𝑦𝑝
7
𝐶1 𝑒 −2x + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 −2x + 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 +
2
d. 𝒚′′ + 𝟑𝒚′ + 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐
𝑦 ′′ + 3𝑦 ′ + 4𝑦 = 0
λ2 + 3λ + 4 = 0
𝑏2 − 4𝑐 = 32 − 4(4) = 9 − 16 = −7
−𝑏 −3 3
∝= = = −
2 2 2
√4𝑐 − 𝑏2 √16 − 9 √7
𝛽= = =
2 2 2
𝑦𝑐 = 𝑒 ∝𝑥 (𝑐1 cos(𝛽𝑥 ) + 𝑐2 sin(𝛽𝑥 ))
3𝑥 √7 √7
𝑦𝑐 = 𝑒 − 2 (𝑐1 cos ( 𝑥) + 𝑐2 sin ( 𝑥))
2 2
𝑦𝑝 = 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵
𝑦′𝑝 = 𝐴
𝑦′′𝑝 = 0
𝑦′′𝑝 + 3𝑦′𝑝 + 4𝑦𝑝 = 3𝑥 + 2
0 + 3𝐴 + 4(𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵) = 3𝑥 + 2
4𝐴𝑥 + 3𝐴 + 4𝐵 = 3𝑥 + 2
4𝐴𝑥 = 3𝑥 3𝐴 + 4𝐵 = 2
4𝐴 = 3 3
3 ( ) + 4𝐵 = 2
3 4
𝐴= 9
4 + 4𝐵 = 2
4
9
4𝐵 = 2 −
4
1
4𝐵 = −
4
1
𝐵=−
16
3𝑥 1
𝑦𝑝 = −
4 16
𝑦 = 𝑦𝑐 + 𝑦𝑝
3𝑥 √7 √7 3𝑥 1
𝑦 = 𝑒 − 2 (𝑐1 cos ( 𝑥) + 𝑐2 sin ( 𝑥)) + −
2 2 4 16
e. 𝒚′′ − 𝒚′ − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒
𝑦 ′′ − 𝑦 ′ − 2𝑦 = 0
λ2 − λ − 2λ = 0
(λ − 2)(λ + 1) = 0
λ1 = 2 λ2 = −1
𝑦𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 λ1x + 𝐶2 𝑒 λ2x
𝑦𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 2x + 𝐶2 𝑒 −x
𝑦𝑝 = 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵
𝑦′𝑝 = 𝐴
𝑦′′𝑝 = 0
𝑦′′𝑝 − 𝑦′𝑝 − 2𝑦𝑝 = 3𝑥 + 4
0 − 𝐴 − 2(𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵) = 3𝑥 + 4
−2𝐴𝑥 − 𝐴 − 2𝐵 = 3𝑥 + 4
−2𝐴𝑥 = 3𝑥 −𝐴 − 2𝐵 = 4
−2𝐴 = 3 3
− (− ) − 2𝐵 = 4
2
3 3
𝐴= − −2𝐵 = 4 −
2 2
5
𝐵= −
4
3 5
𝑦𝑝 = − 𝑥 −
2 4
𝑦 = 𝑦𝑐 + 𝑦𝑝
3 5
𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 2x + 𝐶2 𝑒 −x − 𝑥 −
2 4