CLASE II

Deriva
I. Matemática
• Parcial (Potencia, regla del producto, cociente y la cadena)
• Derivada implícita
• Diferenciación logarítmica
• Derivada total
• Derivada de orden superior
II. Aplicaciones económicas (Derivada Parcial, implícita , logarítmica ,
total y superior)

Derivada parcial

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑘 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 𝑛 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑢(𝑥))𝑛

𝑘 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1
´
𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑛(𝑢(𝑥))𝑛−1 𝑢´ (𝑥)
´

𝑓 ´ (𝑥) = 0

ℎ(𝑥) 𝑓(𝑥) = ℎ(𝑥)𝑔(𝑥)

𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑔(𝑥)
´
𝑔(𝑥)ℎ ´ (𝑥)
− ℎ(𝑥)𝑔´ (𝑥) 𝑓 ´ (𝑥) = ℎ´ (𝑥)𝑔(𝑥) + 𝑔´ (𝑥)ℎ(𝑥)
𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑓 ´ (𝑥) = ℎ(𝑥)𝑔´ (𝑥) + 𝑔(𝑥)ℎ´ (𝑥)
(𝑔(𝑥))2

𝑈(𝑞𝐴 , 𝑞𝐵 ) = 150𝑞𝐴 − 4𝑞𝐴2 + 120𝑞𝐵 − 4𝑞𝐵2 − 2𝑞𝐴3 − 3𝑞𝐵2 𝑞𝐴 − 1000

𝜕𝑈
= 150 − 8𝑞𝐴 − 6𝑞𝐴2 − 3𝑞𝐵2
𝜕𝑞𝐴

𝜕𝑈
= 120 − 8𝑞𝐵 − 6𝑞𝐵 𝑞𝐴
𝜕𝑞𝐵
𝑈(𝑞𝐴 , 𝑞𝐵 ) = 2𝑞𝐴3 + 4𝑞𝐵2 𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵2
𝜕𝑈
= 6𝑞𝐴2 + 4𝑞𝐵2
𝜕𝑞𝐴
𝜕𝑈
= 8𝑞𝐵 𝑞𝐴 + 2𝑞𝐵
𝜕𝑞𝐵

𝑥 3
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 4𝑥 3 𝑦 2 − + 𝑥 𝑒 + 𝑙𝑛(𝑎)𝑥 3 𝑦 2 + 2
2𝑦 2𝑥 𝑦

𝑥 3
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 4𝑥 3 𝑦 2 − 𝑦 −1 + 𝑥 𝑒 + 𝑙𝑛(𝑎)𝑥 3 𝑦 2 + 2 𝑦 −1
2 2𝑥

𝜕𝑓 1 3
= 12𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − + 𝑒𝑥 𝑒−1 + 3𝑙𝑛(𝑎)𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 3
𝜕𝑥 2𝑦 𝑥 𝑦

𝜕𝑓 𝑥 3
= 8𝑥 3 𝑦 + 𝑦 −2 + 2𝑙𝑛(𝑎)𝑥 3 𝑦 − 𝑥 −2 𝑦 −2
𝜕𝑦 2 2
𝜕𝑓 𝑥 3
= 8𝑥 3 𝑦 + 2 + 2𝑙𝑛(𝑎)𝑥 3 𝑦 − 2 2
𝜕𝑦 2𝑦 2𝑥 𝑦

4𝑝2 𝑞 3 4𝑝2
𝑓(𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟) = = 𝑞 3 = 4𝑝2 𝑞 3 (2𝑝2 − 3𝑟 3 )−1
2𝑝2 − 3𝑟 3 2𝑝2 − 3𝑟 3
𝜕𝑓 12𝑝2 𝑞 2
= 2
𝜕𝑞 2𝑝 − 3𝑟 3
𝜕𝑓 36𝑝2 𝑞 3 𝑟 2
= −4𝑝2 𝑞 3 (2𝑝2 − 3𝑟 3 )−2 (−9𝑟 2 ) =
𝜕𝑟 (2𝑝2 − 3𝑟 3 )2
 𝜕𝑓 (2𝑝2 − 3𝑟 3 )8𝑝𝑞 3 − 4𝑝2 𝑞 3 (4𝑝) 16𝑝3 𝑞 3 − 24𝑟 3 𝑝𝑞 3 − 16𝑝3 𝑞 3
= =
𝜕𝑝 (2𝑝2 − 3𝑟 3 )2 (2𝑝2 − 3𝑟 3 )2

𝜕𝑓 −24𝑟 3 𝑝𝑞 3
=
𝜕𝑝 (2𝑝2 − 3𝑟 3 )2

7𝑟 5 𝑡 3 7𝑡 3
𝑊 = 𝑓(𝑟, 𝑠, 𝑡) = 2 5
= 2 5
𝑟 5 = 7𝑟 5 𝑡 3 (4𝑠 2 − 7𝑡 5 )−1
4𝑠 − 7𝑡 4𝑠 − 7𝑡

𝜕𝑊 35𝑟 4 𝑡 3
= 2
𝜕𝑟 4𝑠 − 7𝑡 5

𝜕𝑊 −56𝑟 5 𝑠𝑡 3
= −7𝑟 5 𝑡 3 (4𝑠 2 − 7𝑡 5 )−2 (8𝑠) =
𝜕𝑠 (4𝑠 2 − 7𝑡 5 )2

𝜕𝑊 (4𝑠 2 − 7𝑡 5 )21𝑟 5 𝑡 2 − 7𝑟 5 𝑡 3 (−35𝑡 4 ) 84𝑠 2 𝑟 5 𝑡 2 − 147𝑡 7 𝑟 5 + 245𝑟 5 𝑡 7

= =
𝜕𝑡 (4𝑠 2 − 7𝑡 5 )2 (4𝑠 2 − 7𝑡 5 )2

𝜕𝑊 84𝑠 2 𝑟 5 𝑡 2 + 98𝑟 5 𝑡 7 14𝑟 5 𝑡 2 (6𝑠 2 + 7𝑡 5 )

= =
𝜕𝑡 (4𝑠 2 − 7𝑡 5 )2 (4𝑠 2 − 7𝑡 5 )2

4 3
𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = √4 + 3𝑎3 𝑏 4 𝑐 5 √7 − 2𝑎4 𝑏 3 𝑐 2
1 1
𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = (4 + 3𝑎3 𝑏 4 𝑐 5 )4 (7 − 2𝑎4 𝑏 3 𝑐 2 )3
 4 3 4
𝑒 4𝑟 𝑡 𝑠 −2
𝑓(𝑟, 𝑠, 𝑡) =
𝑙𝑛(𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 )
4 3 4
𝑒 4𝑟 𝑡 𝑠 −2
𝑓(𝑟, 𝑠, 𝑡) =
𝑙𝑛(𝑙𝑛(3) + 3 ln(𝑟) + 2ln (𝑠) − 4𝑡 3 )

𝜕𝑓
𝜕𝑠
2
3 2)
𝑙𝑛(𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 𝑠 − 4𝑡 3 )𝑒 4𝑟 4 𝑡 3 𝑠4 −2 (16𝑟 4 3 3 )
𝑡 𝑠 −𝑒 4𝑟 4 𝑡 3 𝑠4 −2
( 𝑠 )
𝑙𝑛(3) + 3 ln(𝑟) + 2ln (𝑠) − 4𝑡 3
=
[𝑙𝑛(𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 )]2

4𝑟 4 𝑡 3 𝑠4 −2 2
𝜕𝑓 𝑒 [𝑙𝑛(𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 )(16𝑟 4 𝑡 3 𝑠 3 ) − ]
𝑠[𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 ]
=
𝜕𝑠 𝑙𝑛2 (𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 )

4 𝑡 3 𝑠4 −2 𝑙𝑛(𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 )(16𝑟 4 𝑡 3 𝑠 3 )𝑠[𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 ] − 2

𝜕𝑓 𝑒 4𝑟 [ ]
𝑠[𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 ]
=
𝜕𝑠 𝑙𝑛2 (𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 )
4 𝑡 3 𝑠4 −2
𝜕𝑓 𝑒 4𝑟 [𝑙𝑛(𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 )(16𝑟 4 𝑡 3 𝑠 3 )𝑠[𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 ] − 2]
=
𝜕𝑠 𝑠[𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 ]𝑙𝑛2 (𝑙𝑛(3𝑟 3 𝑠 2 ) − 4𝑡 3 )
 Deriva Total
𝑧 = 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑦 3 𝑧 = 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑦 3
5
𝑥 = 2√𝑡 𝑦 = 3
𝑡
1
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝑥 = 2𝑡 2 𝑦 = 5𝑡 −3
𝑑𝑧 = 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑧 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑧 = (6𝑥 − 2𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + (−2𝑥 + 12𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = +
𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝜕𝑦 𝑑𝑡
𝜕𝑧 1 −15
= (6𝑥 − 2𝑦) + (−2𝑥 + 12𝑦 2 ) 4
𝜕𝑡 √𝑡 𝑡
𝜕𝑧 1 −15
𝑑𝑧 = 2[(3𝑥 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + (−𝑥 + 6𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦] 𝜕𝑡
= 2 [(3𝑥 − 𝑦) + (−𝑥 + 6𝑦 2)
𝑡4
]
√𝑡
𝜕𝑧 1 1 1 −15
= 2 [(3 (2𝑡 2 ) − 5𝑡 −3 ) + (−2𝑡 2 + 6(5𝑡 −3 )2 ) 4 ]
𝜕𝑡 √𝑡 𝑡
𝜕𝑧 1 1 1 −4
= 2 [(6𝑡 − 5𝑡 ) 𝑡 + (−2𝑡 + 150𝑡 ) (−15𝑡 )]
2 −3 −2 2 −6
𝜕𝑡
𝜕𝑧 7 7
= 2 [6 − 5𝑡 −2 + 30𝑡 −2 − 2250𝑡 −10 ]
𝜕𝑡
𝜕𝑧 7
= 2 [6 + 25𝑡 −2 − 2250𝑡 −10 ]
𝜕𝑡
𝜕𝑧 25 2250
= 2 [6 + − 10 ]
𝜕𝑡 √𝑡 7 𝑡

1
𝑤 = √4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞5 = (4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞 5 )2

2𝑠
𝑝= 𝑞 = 5𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟
𝑟2
𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑤
𝑑𝑤 = 𝑑𝑝 + 𝑑𝑞
𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑞
1 1 1 1
𝑑𝑤 = 2(4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞5 )−2 (−8𝑝3 𝑞5 )𝑑𝑝 + 2(4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞 5 )−2 (−10𝑝4 𝑞4 )𝑑𝑞
1 1
𝑑𝑤 = (−4𝑝3 𝑞5 )(4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞 5 )−2 𝑑𝑝 + (4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞 5 )−2 (−5𝑝4 𝑞4 )𝑑𝑞
1
𝑑𝑤 = −𝑝3 𝑞4 (4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞5 )−2 [(4𝑞)𝑑𝑝 + (5𝑝)𝑑𝑞]
𝑝3 𝑞4 [(4𝑞)𝑑𝑝 + (5𝑝)𝑑𝑞]
𝑑𝑤 = −
√4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞5
2𝑠
𝑝= 𝑞 = 5𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟
𝑟2
𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑤 𝑑𝑝 𝜕𝑤 𝑑𝑞
= +
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑝 𝑑𝑠 𝜕𝑞 𝑑𝑠
𝜕𝑤 1 2 1
= (−4𝑝3 𝑞5 )(4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞 5 )−2 ( 2 ) + (4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞5 )−2 (−5𝑝4 𝑞4 )5𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟
𝜕𝑠 𝑟
𝜕𝑤 1 2 1
= (−4𝑝3 𝑞5 )(4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞 5 )−2 ( 2 ) + (4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞5 )−2 (−25𝑝4 𝑞4 )𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟
𝜕𝑠 𝑟
𝜕𝑤 1 1 1
= (−8𝑝3 𝑞5 )(4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞 5 )−2 ( 2 ) + (4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞5 )−2 (−25𝑝4 𝑞4 )𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟
𝜕𝑠 𝑟
𝜕𝑤 1 1
= 𝑝3 𝑞4 (4 − 2𝑝4 𝑞5 )−2 [(−8𝑞) ( 2 ) + (−25𝑝)𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟 ]
𝜕𝑠 𝑟
2𝑠
𝑝= 𝑞 = 5𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟
𝑟2
1
−
𝜕𝑤 2𝑠 3 2𝑠 4 2
1 2𝑠
= ( 2 ) (5𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟 )4 (4 − 2 ( 2 ) (5𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟 )5 ) [(−8(5𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟 )) ( 2 ) + (−25 ( 2 )) 𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟 ]
𝜕𝑠 𝑟 𝑟 𝑟 𝑟

5000𝑠 3 𝑒 4𝑠−8𝑟 40𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟 50𝑠𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟

𝜕𝑤 6 [− − ]
𝑟 𝑟2 𝑟2
= 1
𝜕𝑠 100000𝑠 4 𝑒 5𝑠−10𝑟 2
(4 − )
𝑟8

5000𝑠 3 𝑒 4𝑠−8𝑟 −10𝑒 𝑠−2𝑟

𝜕𝑤 ( ) [4 − 5𝑠]
𝑟6 𝑟2
= 1
𝜕𝑠 100000𝑠 4 𝑒 5𝑠−10𝑟 2
(4 − )
𝑟8
50000𝑠 3 𝑒 5𝑠−10𝑟
𝜕𝑤 − [4 − 5𝑠]
= 𝑟8
1
𝜕𝑠 100000𝑠 4 𝑒 5𝑠−10𝑟 2
(4 − )
𝑟8

𝜕𝑤 −50000𝑠 3 𝑒 5𝑠−10𝑟 [4 − 5𝑠]

=
𝜕𝑠 100000𝑠 4 𝑒 5𝑠−10𝑟
𝑟 8 √4 −
𝑟8
 Derivada implícita
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
𝑑𝑧 = 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
0= 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
− 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑑𝑥
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝑧
𝜕𝑦 𝑑𝑥
− =
𝜕𝑧 𝑑𝑦
𝜕𝑥

𝑥𝑒 5𝑦−10𝑥𝑧 + 𝑦𝑙𝑛(𝑦𝑧 + 3𝑥 3 ) = 1

𝑥𝑒 5𝑦−10𝑥𝑧 + 𝑦𝑙𝑛(𝑦𝑧 + 3𝑥 3 ) − 1 = 0

2
𝜕𝑓 𝑥𝑒 5𝑦−10𝑥𝑧 (−10𝑧) + 𝑒 5𝑦−10𝑥𝑧 (1) + 𝑦 ( 9𝑥 )
𝑑𝑦 𝑦𝑧 + 3𝑥 3
= − 𝜕𝑥 =
𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑓 𝑧
𝑥𝑒 5𝑦−10𝑥𝑧 (5) + 𝑦 ( ) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑦𝑧 + 3𝑥 3 )
𝜕𝑦 𝑦𝑧 + 3𝑥 3

𝜕𝑓 5𝑦−10𝑥𝑧 (−10𝑥𝑧 9𝑥 2 𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑒 + 1) +
𝑦𝑧 + 3𝑥 3
= − 𝜕𝑥 = 𝑧𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑓 5𝑥𝑒 5𝑦−10𝑥𝑧 + + 𝑙𝑛(𝑦𝑧 + 3𝑥 3 )
𝜕𝑦 𝑦𝑧 + 3𝑥 3

𝑎(1 − 𝑡)2 3
= 𝑠 √4 − 𝑠𝑡 2 + 1
√𝑡

𝑎(1 − 2𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 1
1 − 𝑠(4 − 𝑠𝑡 2 )3 − 1 = 0
𝑡2
𝑎 1 3
2 3
1
1 − 2𝑎𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 − 𝑠(4 − 𝑠𝑡 ) − 1 = 0
2 2
𝑡2
 𝜕𝑓
𝑑𝑡
= − 𝜕𝑠
𝑑𝑠 𝜕𝑓
𝜕𝑡

𝜕𝑞 𝑝
𝜀=
𝜕𝑝 𝑞

Verifique que q=20 cuando p=2

200
𝑝=
√6000 + 10𝑞 2
200
2=
√6000 + 10(20)2

200
2=
√10000
2=2

. Determine la elasticidad puntual de la demanda cuando p=2. ¿Es la demanda elástica, inelástica o
tiene elasticidad unitaria en este punto?

200
0= −𝑝
√6000 + 10𝑞2
1
0 = 200(6000 + 10𝑞2 )−2 − 𝑝
𝜕𝑓
𝜕𝑞 𝜕𝑝 −1
=− =− 3
𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑓 −100(6000 + 10𝑞2 )−2 (20𝑞)
𝜕𝑞
 1
=− 3 = −25
100(6000 + 10(20)2 )−2 (20(20))

𝜕𝑞 𝑝 2
𝜀= = −25 ( ) = −2.5 𝐸𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎
𝜕𝑝 𝑞 20

Si el precio cuando p=2 está disminuyendo en 2%, ¿el ingreso total crecerá, disminuirá o
permanecerá constante? Justifique su respuesta

Δ%𝑄
𝜀=
Δ%𝑃
Δ%𝑄
−2.5 =
−2%

Δ%𝑄 = 5%
A una compañía le cuesta $2 por unidad elaborar su producto. Si A dólares se
gastan por mes en publicidad ($1000). Entonces el número de unidades por mes
𝑞
está dado por: 𝑝 = 22 − donde p es el precio de venta.
30(1−𝑒 −0.001𝐴)

𝑞
2 = 22 −
30(1 − 𝑒 −0.001(1000) )

𝑞
= 22 − 2
30(1 − 𝑒 −0.001(1000) )
𝑞
= 20
30(1 − 𝑒 −1 )

𝑞 = 20(30)(1 − 𝑒 −1 ) = 379.27
𝑞
𝑝 = 22 −
30(1 − 𝑒 −0.001𝐴 )
𝑞
0 = 22 − (1 − 𝑒 −0.001𝐴 )−1 − 𝑝
30

𝜕𝑓 𝑞
𝜕𝑞 (1 − 𝑒 −0.001𝐴 )−2 (−𝑒 −0.001𝐴 )(−0.001)
=− 𝜕𝐴 =− 30
𝜕𝐴 𝜕𝑓 1
− (1 − 𝑒 −0.001𝐴 )−1
𝜕𝑞 30

𝜕𝑞
= 𝑞(1 − 𝑒 −0.001𝐴 )−1 (𝑒 −0.001𝐴 )(0.001)
𝜕𝐴
𝜕𝑞 −1
= 379.27(1 − 𝑒 −0.001(1000) ) (𝑒 −0.001(1000) )(0.001) = 0.22
𝜕𝐴

𝜕𝑞 𝐴 1000
𝜀= = 0.22 ( ) = 0.58 𝐼𝑛𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎
𝜕𝐴 𝑞 379.27
La función de producción de una empresa está dada por:
1
𝜕𝑄
𝑄(𝐿, 𝐾, 𝑝) = 𝑙𝑛(𝛼1 𝐿𝑝 + 𝛼2 𝑘 𝑝 )𝑝 , determine, la 𝜕𝑝

1
𝑄(𝐿, 𝐾, 𝑝) = 𝑙𝑛(𝛼1 𝐿𝑝 + 𝛼2 𝐾 𝑝 )
𝑝

𝜕𝑄 1 𝛼1 𝑝𝐿𝑝−1 𝛼1 𝐿𝑝−1
= [ ] =
𝜕𝐿 𝑝 𝛼1 𝐿𝑝 + 𝛼2 𝐾 𝑝 𝛼1 𝐿𝑝 + 𝛼2 𝐾 𝑝

1
𝑄(𝐿, 𝐾, 𝑝) = 𝑙𝑛(𝛼1 𝐿𝑝 + 𝛼2 𝐾 𝑝 ) = 𝑝−1 𝑙𝑛(𝛼1 𝐿𝑝 + 𝛼2 𝐾 𝑝 )
𝑝

𝑎2𝑥 = 𝑎2𝑥 (1)𝐿𝑛2

𝑎𝑥 2 = 𝑎2𝑥
𝜕𝑄 1 𝛼1 𝐿𝑝 (1)𝐿𝑛(𝐿) + 𝛼2 𝑘 𝑝 (1)𝐿𝑛(𝐾) 𝑝 𝑝)
1
= [ ] + 𝑙𝑛(𝛼1 𝐿 + 𝛼 2 𝐾 (− )
𝜕𝑝 𝑝 𝛼1 𝐿𝑝 + 𝛼2 𝐾 𝑝 𝑝2

𝜕𝑄 1 𝛼1 𝐿𝑝 𝐿𝑛(𝐿) + 𝛼2 𝑘 𝑝 𝐿𝑛(𝐾)
= 2 (𝑝 [ 𝑝 𝑝
] − 𝑙𝑛(𝛼1 𝐿𝑝 + 𝛼2 𝐾 𝑝 ))
𝜕𝑝 𝑝 𝛼1 𝐿 + 𝛼2 𝐾
 Dada la siguiente función
𝑐 4−𝛽 −1
𝑢(𝑐, 𝛽) = determine: 𝑑𝑢
4−𝛽

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑐 + 𝑑𝛽
𝜕𝑐 𝜕𝛽

𝑐 3−𝛽 (4 − 𝛽)𝑐 4−𝛽 (−1)𝑙𝑛(𝑐) − (𝑐 4−𝛽 − 1)(−1)

𝑑𝑢 = (4 − 𝛽) 𝑑𝑐 + 𝑑𝛽
4−𝛽 (4 − 𝛽)2

−(4 − 𝛽)𝑐 4−𝛽 𝑙𝑛(𝑐) + 𝑐 4−𝛽 − 1

𝑑𝑢 = (𝑐 3−𝛽 )𝑑𝑐 + 𝑑𝛽
(4 − 𝛽)2

3−𝛽
𝑐 4−𝛽 ((𝛽 − 4)𝑙𝑛(𝑐) + 1) − 1
𝑑𝑢 = (𝑐 )𝑑𝑐 + 𝑑𝛽
(4 − 𝛽)2

3−𝛽
𝑐 4−𝛽 (𝑙𝑛(𝑐 𝛽−4 ) + 1) − 1
𝑑𝑢 = (𝑐 )𝑑𝑐 + 𝑑𝛽
(4 − 𝛽)2

𝑐(𝑙𝑛(𝑐 𝛽−4 ) + 1) − 1
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑐 3−𝛽 [(1)𝑑𝑐 + 𝑑𝛽]
(4 − 𝛽)2
Dada la función de Utilidad :
𝑢(𝑞1 , 𝑞2 ) = 𝑙𝑛(𝑞1 𝑞2 )2 [𝑙𝑛3 (𝑞2 ) − 1]
Donde las demandas de los productos son:
𝑝1 𝑝2 𝑝1 𝑝2
𝑞1 = 𝑒 2 𝑞2 = 𝑒 3

Con sus respectivos precios

𝑝1 = $ 3 𝑝2 = $ 2
𝑑𝑞1 = 1 𝑑𝑞3 = 3

Determine:
El cambio en la utilidad producto de los incrementos de las cantidades del bien 1 y 2.
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑞1 + 𝑑𝑞
𝜕𝑞1 𝜕𝑞2 2
𝑢(𝑞1 , 𝑞2 ) = 𝑙𝑛(𝑞1 𝑞2 )2 [𝑙𝑛3 (𝑞2 ) − 1]
3
𝑢(𝑞1 , 𝑞2 ) = [2𝑙𝑛(𝑞1 ) + 2𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )] [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1]

3
𝜕𝑢 1 3 2 [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1]
= 2 ( ) [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1] =
𝜕𝑞1 𝑞1 𝑞1
𝜕𝑢 2 1 3 1
= [2𝑙𝑛(𝑞1 ) + 2𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )]3(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) ( ) + [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1] 2 ( )
𝜕𝑞2 𝑞2 𝑞2

𝜕𝑢 1 2 3
= ( ) ([2𝑙𝑛(𝑞1 ) + 2𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )]3(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) + 2 [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1])
𝜕𝑞2 𝑞2

(3)(2) (3)(2)
𝑞1 = 𝑒 2 = 𝑒 3 = 20.08 𝑞2 = 𝑒 3 = 𝑒 2 = 7.38
 3 3
𝜕𝑢 2 [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1] 2 [(𝑙𝑛(𝑒 2 )) − 1] 14
= = = 3
𝜕𝑞1 𝑞1 𝑒3 𝑒

𝜕𝑢 1 2 3
= ( ) ([2𝑙𝑛(𝑞1 ) + 2𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )]3(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) + 2 [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1])
𝜕𝑞2 𝑞2

𝜕𝑢 1 2 3
= ( 2 ) ([2𝑙𝑛(𝑒 3 ) + 2𝑙𝑛(𝑒 2 )]3(𝑙𝑛(𝑒 2 )) + 2 [(𝑙𝑛(𝑒 2 )) − 1])
𝜕𝑞2 𝑒
𝜕𝑢 1 134
= ( 2 ) ([6 + 4]12 + 14) = 2
𝜕𝑞2 𝑒 𝑒

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑞1 + 𝑑𝑞
𝜕𝑞1 𝜕𝑞2 2
14 134
𝑑𝑢 = 3
(1) + 2 (3) = 55.10
𝑒 𝑒

El cambio en la utilidad producto del cambio del precio del bien 2.

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑞1 𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑞2
= +
𝜕𝑝2 𝜕𝑞1 𝑑𝑝2 𝜕𝑞2 𝑑𝑝2

𝑢(𝑞1 , 𝑞2 ) = 𝑙𝑛(𝑞1 𝑞2 )2 [𝑙𝑛3 (𝑞2 ) − 1]

3
𝑢(𝑞1 , 𝑞2 ) = (2𝑙𝑛(𝑞1 ) + 2𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1]
3
𝜕𝑢 1 3 2 [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1]
= 2 [ ] [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1] =
𝜕𝑞1 𝑞1 𝑞1

𝜕𝑢 2 1 3 1
= (2𝑙𝑛(𝑞1 ) + 2𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 ))3(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) + [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1] 2 [ ]
𝜕𝑞2 𝑞2 𝑞2
 𝑑𝑞1 𝑝1 𝑝2
𝑝
(3)(2)
(3) 3
= 𝑒 2 21 = 𝑒 2 2 = 2𝑒 3
𝑑𝑝2

𝑑𝑞2 𝑝1 𝑝2
𝑝
(3)(2)
(3)
= 𝑒 3 31 = 𝑒 3 3 = 𝑒 2
𝑑𝑝2

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑞1 𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑞2
= +
𝜕𝑝2 𝜕𝑞1 𝑑𝑝2 𝜕𝑞2 𝑑𝑝2

𝜕𝑢 14 3 134
= 3 (2𝑒 3 ) + 2 (𝑒 2 ) = 155
𝜕𝑝2 𝑒 𝑒

(3)(2) (3)(2)
𝑞1 = 𝑒 2 = 𝑒3 𝑞2 = 𝑒 3 = 𝑒2

3 3
𝜕𝑢 2 [(𝑙𝑛(𝑞2 )) − 1] 2 [(𝑙𝑛(𝑒 2 )) − 1] 14
= = = 3
𝜕𝑞1 𝑞1 𝑒3 𝑒

60
𝑞−
𝑒 𝑝 + 𝑝3 = 65
60
𝑞−
𝑒 𝑝 = 65 − 𝑝3
60
𝑞−
𝑙𝑛𝑒 𝑝 = 𝑙𝑛(65 − 𝑝3 )
60
𝑞− = 𝑙𝑛(65 − 𝑝3 )
𝑝
60
15 − = 𝑙𝑛(65 − 𝑝3 )
𝑝
60
15 − = 𝑙𝑛(65 − 43 )
4
0 = 𝑙𝑛(1)
 60
𝑞 = 𝑙𝑛(65 − 𝑝3 ) +
𝑝

𝜕𝑞 −3𝑝2 60
= 3
− 2
𝜕𝑝 65 − 𝑝 𝑝

Una función de costos conjuntos está dada de la siguiente forma:

𝑐 3
𝑐+ = 20 + 𝑞𝐴 √𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵2
√𝑐
Determine el costo marginal con respecto al bien A.
𝑞𝐴 = 2 𝑐 = 25

solución
25 3
25 + = 20 + 2 √2 + 𝑞𝐵2
√25
3
30 = 20 + 2 √2 + 𝑞𝐵2

3
30 − 20 = 2 √2 + 𝑞𝐵2

3
10 = 2 √2 + 𝑞𝐵2

3
3
(5)3 = ( √2 + 𝑞𝐵2 )

125 = 2 + 𝑞𝐵2
125 − 2 = 𝑞𝐵2

11.09 = ±√123 = √𝑞𝐵2

𝑐 3
𝑐+ = 20 + 𝑞𝐴 √𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵2
√𝑐
3
𝑐 + √𝑐 = 20 + 𝑞𝐴 √𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵2
 1 1
0 = 20 + 𝑞𝐴 (𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵2 )3 − 𝑐 − 𝑐 2

𝜕𝑓 −
2 1
𝜕𝐶 𝜕 𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐴 13(𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞2𝐵 ) 3 (1) + (𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞2𝐵 )3 (1)
=− =−
𝜕 𝑞𝐴 𝜕𝑓 1
−1 − 12𝑐−2
𝜕𝐶

𝜕𝑓 −
2 1
𝜕𝐶 𝜕 𝑞𝐴 (2)13(2 + (11.09)2 ) 3 (1) + (2 + (11.09)2 )3 (1)
=− =− =
𝜕 𝑞𝐴 𝜕𝑓 1
−1 − 12(25)−2
𝜕𝐶