MATHEMATICS

Notes | Level 10th |Name:______________

According to smart syllabus

Unit no. 4
Exercise 4.1
𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇.
𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟐𝟐:
(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟒𝟒)(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑)
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
𝑥𝑥 − 11 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵
= + (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 − 4)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 − 4) (𝑥𝑥 + 3)
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 (𝑥𝑥 − 4)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑥𝑥 − 11 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵
� × (𝑥𝑥 − 4)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)� = � × (𝑥𝑥 − 4)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 − 4)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)�
(𝑥𝑥 − 4)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 − 4) (𝑥𝑥 + 3)
𝑥𝑥 − 11 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 + 3) + 𝐵𝐵(𝑥𝑥 − 4) (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 − 4 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 4 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
4 − 11 = 𝐴𝐴(4 + 3) + 𝐵𝐵(0)
−7 = 𝐴𝐴(7) + 0
−7 = 𝐴𝐴(7)
−7
= 𝐴𝐴
7
𝑨𝑨 = −𝟏𝟏
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
−3 − 11 = 𝐴𝐴(0) + 𝐵𝐵(−3 − 4)
−14 = 0 + 𝐵𝐵(−7)
−14 = 𝐵𝐵(−7)
−14
= 𝐵𝐵
−7
𝑩𝑩 = 𝟐𝟐
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)
𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 −𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐
= +
(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟒𝟒)(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑) 𝒙𝒙 − 𝟒𝟒 𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑
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 𝒙𝒙 − 𝟓𝟓
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟒𝟒:
𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟑𝟑
𝑥𝑥 − 5 𝑥𝑥 − 5
=
𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3 𝑥𝑥 2 + 3𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 − 3
𝑥𝑥 − 5 𝑥𝑥 − 5
=
𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3 𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 + 3) − 1(𝑥𝑥 + 3)
𝑥𝑥 − 5 𝑥𝑥 − 5
= (𝑖𝑖)
𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)

𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
𝑥𝑥 − 5 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵
= + (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 − 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 3)
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

𝑥𝑥 − 5 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵
� × (𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)� = � × (𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)�
(𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 − 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 3)

𝑥𝑥 − 5 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 + 3) + 𝐵𝐵(𝑥𝑥 − 1) (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
−3 − 5 = 𝐴𝐴(0) + 𝐵𝐵(−3 − 1)
−8 = 0 + 𝐵𝐵(−4)
−8 = 𝐵𝐵(−4)
−8
= 𝐵𝐵
−4
𝑩𝑩 = 𝟐𝟐
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 − 1 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
1 − 5 = 𝐴𝐴(1 + 3) + 𝐵𝐵(0)
−4 = 𝐴𝐴(4) + 0
−4 = 𝐴𝐴(4)
−4
= 𝐴𝐴
4
𝑨𝑨 = −𝟏𝟏
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

𝑥𝑥 − 5 −1 2
= +
(𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) 𝑥𝑥 − 1 𝑥𝑥 + 3
𝑥𝑥 − 5
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)
𝒙𝒙 − 𝟓𝟓 −𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐
= +
𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟑𝟑 𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑

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 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟕𝟕:
(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟐𝟐)(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑)

𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1 𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1
= 2
(𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 − 6
1
𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1
2
𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1
= 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 − 6 � ±𝑥𝑥 2 ± 1𝑥𝑥 ∓ 6
(𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)
𝑥𝑥 + 7
𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1 𝑥𝑥 + 7
=1+ 2
(𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 − 6

𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1 𝑥𝑥 + 7
=1+ (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)

𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁,
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
𝑥𝑥 + 7 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵
= + (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 − 2) (𝑥𝑥 + 3)

𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 (𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

𝑥𝑥 + 7
� × (𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)�
(𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)
𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵
=� × (𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)�
(𝑥𝑥 − 2) (𝑥𝑥 + 3)

𝑥𝑥 + 7 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 + 3) + 𝐵𝐵(𝑥𝑥 − 2) (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

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 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

2 + 7 = 𝐴𝐴(2 + 3) + 𝐵𝐵(0)
9 = 𝐴𝐴(5) + 0
9
= 𝐴𝐴
5
𝟗𝟗
𝑨𝑨 =
𝟓𝟓
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
−3 + 7 = 𝐴𝐴(0) + 𝐵𝐵(−3 − 2)
4 = 0 + 𝐵𝐵(−5)
4
− = 𝐵𝐵
5
𝟒𝟒
𝑩𝑩 = −
𝟓𝟓

𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
9 4
𝑥𝑥 + 7 5 5
= −
(𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 − 2) (𝑥𝑥 + 3)
𝑥𝑥 + 7 9 4
= −
(𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) 5(𝑥𝑥 − 2) 5(𝑥𝑥 + 3)

𝑥𝑥 + 7
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖 )
(𝑥𝑥 − 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)

𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏 𝟗𝟗 𝟒𝟒
= 𝟏𝟏 + −
(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟐𝟐)(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑) 𝟓𝟓(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟐𝟐) 𝟓𝟓(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑)

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 𝟔𝟔𝒙𝒙𝟑𝟑 + 𝟓𝟓𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝟕𝟕
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟖𝟖:
𝟑𝟑𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟏𝟏
2𝑥𝑥 + 3
�
⃓ 6𝑥𝑥 3 + 5𝑥𝑥 2 − 7
⃓
⃓
⃓ ±6𝑥𝑥 3 ∓ 4𝑥𝑥 2 ∓ 2𝑥𝑥
6𝑥𝑥 3 + 5𝑥𝑥 2 − 7 ⃓
= 3𝑥𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑥 − 1 ⃓⃓ 9𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 7
3𝑥𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑥 − 1 ⃓
⃓ ±9𝑥𝑥 2 ∓ 6𝑥𝑥 ∓ 3
⎷ 8𝑥𝑥 − 4
6𝑥𝑥 3 + 5𝑥𝑥 2 − 7 8𝑥𝑥 − 4
= 2𝑥𝑥 + 3 + 2
3𝑥𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑥 − 1 3𝑥𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑥 − 1

6𝑥𝑥 3 + 5𝑥𝑥 2 − 7 8𝑥𝑥 − 4

= 2𝑥𝑥 + 3 +
3𝑥𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑥 − 1 3𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 − 1

6𝑥𝑥 3 + 5𝑥𝑥 2 − 7 8𝑥𝑥 − 4

= 2𝑥𝑥 + 3 +
3𝑥𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑥 − 1 3𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 − 1) + 1(𝑥𝑥 − 1)
6𝑥𝑥 3 + 5𝑥𝑥 2 − 7 8𝑥𝑥 − 4
= 2𝑥𝑥 + 3 + (𝑖𝑖)
3𝑥𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑥 − 1 (3𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 1)
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁,
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
8𝑥𝑥 − 4 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵
= + (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(3𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 1) (3𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 − 1)
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 (3𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 1)𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
8𝑥𝑥 − 4 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵
� × (3𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 1)� = � × (3𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 1)� + � × (3𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 1)�
(3𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 1) (3𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 − 1)

8 𝑥𝑥 − 4 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 − 1) + 𝐵𝐵(3𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 3𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 0
3 𝑥𝑥 = −1
−1
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
3
5 | Page
 −1 −1
8� � − 4 = 𝐴𝐴 � − 1� + 𝐵𝐵(0)
3 3
−8 −4
− 4 = 𝐴𝐴 � � + 0
3 3
−20 −4
= 𝐴𝐴 � �
3 3
−20 × 3
= 𝐴𝐴
3 × −4
−60
= 𝐴𝐴
−12
𝑨𝑨 = 𝟓𝟓
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 − 1 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
8(1) − 4 = 𝐴𝐴(0) + 𝐵𝐵(3(1) + 1)
4 = 0 + 𝐵𝐵(4)
4
= 𝐵𝐵
4
𝑩𝑩 = 𝟏𝟏
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

8𝑥𝑥 − 4 5 1
= +
(3𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 1) 3𝑥𝑥 + 1 𝑥𝑥 − 1

8𝑥𝑥 − 4
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)
(3𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 1)

𝟔𝟔𝒙𝒙𝟑𝟑 + 𝟓𝟓𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝟕𝟕 𝟓𝟓 𝟏𝟏
= 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 + 𝟑𝟑 + +
𝟑𝟑𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 + 𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏

6 | Page
 Exercise 4.2
𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇.
𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 + 𝟏𝟏
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟏𝟏:
(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 (𝒙𝒙 − 𝟐𝟐)
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 + 1 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶
= + + (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 2) (𝑥𝑥 − 1) (𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 2)
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 2) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 + 1
� × (𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 2)�
(𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 2)
𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶
=� × (𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 2)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 2)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 2)�
(𝑥𝑥 − 1) (𝑥𝑥 − 1) 2 (𝑥𝑥 − 2)

𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 2) + 𝐵𝐵(𝑥𝑥 − 2) + 𝐶𝐶 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 + 2) + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 − 2𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶 (𝑥𝑥 2 + 1 − 2𝑥𝑥 )
𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 + 2𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 − 2𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐶𝐶 − 2𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 − 1 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(1) − 3(1) + 1 = 𝐴𝐴(0)(1 − 2) + 𝐵𝐵(1 − 2) + 𝐶𝐶(0)2
2

1 − 3 + 1 = 0 + 𝐵𝐵(−1) + 0
−1 = 𝐵𝐵(−1)
−1
= 𝐵𝐵
−1
𝑩𝑩 = 𝟏𝟏
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(2) − 3(2) + 1 = 𝐴𝐴(2 − 1)(0) + 𝐵𝐵(0) + 𝐶𝐶(2 − 1)2
2

4 − 6 + 1 = 0 + 0 + 𝐶𝐶(1)2
−1 = 𝐶𝐶 (1)
−1
= 𝐶𝐶
1
𝑪𝑪 = −𝟏𝟏
′′
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝑥𝑥 2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑥𝑥 2 … . 1 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐶𝐶
1 = 𝐴𝐴 − 1
1 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴
𝟐𝟐 = 𝑨𝑨
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ , ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐶𝐶′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)

𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 + 𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
= + −
(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 (𝒙𝒙 − 𝟐𝟐) (𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏) (𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 (𝒙𝒙 − 𝟐𝟐)

7 | Page
 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕 + 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟐𝟐:
(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟐𝟐)𝟐𝟐 (𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑)
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
𝑥𝑥 2 + 7𝑥𝑥 + 11 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶
= + + (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 + 2) (𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 + 2) (𝑥𝑥 + 2)
2 2 (𝑥𝑥 + 3)
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑥𝑥 + 2)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 3) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑥𝑥 2 + 7𝑥𝑥 + 11
� × (𝑥𝑥 + 2)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 3)�
(𝑥𝑥 + 2)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 3)
𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶
=� × (𝑥𝑥 + 2)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 3)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 + 2)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 3)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 + 2)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 3)�
(𝑥𝑥 + 2) (𝑥𝑥 + 2)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 3)

𝑥𝑥 2 + 7𝑥𝑥 + 11 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) + 𝐵𝐵(𝑥𝑥 + 3) + 𝐶𝐶 (𝑥𝑥 + 2)2 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

𝑥𝑥 2 + 7𝑥𝑥 + 11 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 2 + 5𝑥𝑥 + 6) + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 3𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶 (𝑥𝑥 2 + 4 + 4𝑥𝑥 )
𝑥𝑥 2 + 7𝑥𝑥 + 11 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 2 + 5𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 + 6𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 3𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 2 + 4𝐶𝐶 + 4𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 2 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(−2)2 + 7(−2) + 11 = 𝐴𝐴(0)(−2 + 3) + 𝐵𝐵(−2 + 3) + 𝐶𝐶(0)2
4 − 14 + 11 = 0 + 𝐵𝐵(1) + 0
1 = 𝐵𝐵(−1)
1
= 𝐵𝐵
1
𝑩𝑩 = 𝟏𝟏
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(−3)2 + 7(−3) + 11 = 𝐴𝐴(−3 + 2)(0) + 𝐵𝐵(0) + 𝐶𝐶(−3 + 2)2
9 − 21 + 11 = 0 + 0 + 𝐶𝐶(−1)2
−1 = 𝐶𝐶 (1)
−1
= 𝐶𝐶
1
𝑪𝑪 = −𝟏𝟏
′′
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝑥𝑥 2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑥𝑥 2 … . 1 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐶𝐶
1 = 𝐴𝐴 − 1
1 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴
𝟐𝟐 = 𝑨𝑨

𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ , ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐶𝐶′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)

𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕 + 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏

= + −
(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟐𝟐) (𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑) 𝒙𝒙 + 𝟐𝟐 (𝒙𝒙 + 𝟐𝟐)
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑

8 | Page
 𝟏𝟏
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟔𝟔:
(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 (𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏)
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
1 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶
= + + (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 − 1) (𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
1
� × (𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)�
(𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)
𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶
=� × (𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 − 1) 2
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)�
(𝑥𝑥 − 1) (𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)

1 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 1) + 𝐵𝐵(𝑥𝑥 + 1) + 𝐶𝐶(𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

2 2 2
1 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 − 1) + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶�𝑥𝑥 + (1) − 2(𝑥𝑥)(1)�
1 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐶𝐶 − 2𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 − 1 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
1 = 𝐴𝐴(0)(1 + 1) + 𝐵𝐵(1 + 1) + 𝐶𝐶(0)2
1 = 0 + 𝐵𝐵(2) + 0
1 = 𝐵𝐵(2)
1
= 𝐵𝐵
2
𝟏𝟏
𝑩𝑩 =
𝟐𝟐
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
1 = 𝐴𝐴(−1 − 1)(0) + 𝐵𝐵(0) + 𝐶𝐶(−1 − 1)2
1 = 0 + 0 + 𝐶𝐶(−2)2
1 = 𝐶𝐶(4)
1
= 𝐶𝐶
4
𝟏𝟏
𝑪𝑪 =
𝟒𝟒
′′
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝑥𝑥 2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑥𝑥 2 … . 0 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐶𝐶
1
0 = 𝐴𝐴 +
4
𝟏𝟏
− = 𝑨𝑨
𝟒𝟒
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ , ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐶𝐶′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)
−𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏 𝟒𝟒 𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒
= + −
(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 (𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏) (𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏) (𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 (𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏)

𝟏𝟏 −𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
= + −
(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 (𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏) 𝟒𝟒(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏) 𝟐𝟐(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏)

9 | Page
 𝟏𝟏
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟖𝟖:
(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝟏𝟏)(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏)
1 1
=
(𝑥𝑥2 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 1)
1 1
= (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥2 − 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
1 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶
= + + (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 1) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
1
� × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)�
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)
𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶
=� × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)�
(𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)
1 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 1) + 𝐵𝐵(𝑥𝑥 − 1) + 𝐶𝐶(𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
2 2 (1) 2
1 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 − 1) + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 − 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶�𝑥𝑥 + + 2(𝑥𝑥)(1)�
1 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐶𝐶 + 2𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 0 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 − 1 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖) 𝑥𝑥 = 1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
1 = 𝐴𝐴(0)(−1 − 1) + 𝐵𝐵(−1 − 1) + 𝐶𝐶(0)2 1 = 𝐴𝐴(1 + 1)(0) + 𝐵𝐵(0) + 𝐶𝐶(1 + 1)2
1 = 0 + 𝐵𝐵(−2) + 0 1 = 0 + 0 + 𝐶𝐶(2)2
1 = 𝐵𝐵(−2) 1 = 𝐶𝐶(4)
1 1
= 𝐵𝐵 = 𝐶𝐶
−2 4
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
𝑩𝑩 = 𝑪𝑪 =
−𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒
′′
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑟𝑟 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝑥𝑥 2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑥𝑥 2 … . 0 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐶𝐶
1
0 = 𝐴𝐴 +
4
𝟏𝟏
− = 𝑨𝑨
𝟒𝟒
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ , ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐶𝐶′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
−1 1 1
1 4 2 4
= − +
(𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 − 1)
1 −1 1 1
2
= − 2
+
(𝑥𝑥 − 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) 4(𝑥𝑥 + 1) 2(𝑥𝑥 + 1) 4(𝑥𝑥 − 1)
1
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 − 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)
𝟏𝟏 −𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
= − +
(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝟏𝟏)(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏) 𝟒𝟒(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏) 𝟐𝟐(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒(𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏)

10 | P a g e
 Exercise 4.3
𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇.
𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 − 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟏𝟏:
(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑)(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏)
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
3𝑥𝑥 − 11 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶
= + (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 + 3)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 (𝑥𝑥 + 3)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
3𝑥𝑥 − 11 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶
� × (𝑥𝑥 + 3)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)� = � × (𝑥𝑥 + 3)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)� + � 2 × (𝑥𝑥 + 3)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)�
2
(𝑥𝑥 + 3)(𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 + 1)

3𝑥𝑥 − 11 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1) + (𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

2 2
3𝑥𝑥 − 11 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 + 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 + 3𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + 3𝐶𝐶 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

3(−3) − 11 = 𝐴𝐴((−3)2 + 1) + (𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶)(0)

−9 − 11 = 𝐴𝐴(9 + 1) + 0
−20 = 𝐴𝐴(10)
−20
= 𝐴𝐴
10
𝑨𝑨 = −𝟐𝟐
′
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′𝑥𝑥 2 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′ ′
𝑥𝑥 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

𝑥𝑥 2 … . 0 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵
0 = −2 + 𝐵𝐵
𝟐𝟐 = 𝑩𝑩

𝑥𝑥 … . 3 = 3𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶
3 = 3(2) + 𝐶𝐶
3 = 6 + 𝐶𝐶
3 − 6 = 𝐶𝐶
−𝟑𝟑 = 𝑪𝑪

𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ , ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐶𝐶′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)

𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 − 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 −𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 − 𝟑𝟑

= +
(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑)(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏) (𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑) (𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏)

11 | P a g e
 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟔𝟔:
(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟐𝟐)(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟒𝟒)
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
𝑥𝑥 2 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶
= + 2 (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 4) (𝑥𝑥 + 2) (𝑥𝑥 + 4)
2

𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 (𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

𝑥𝑥 2 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶
� × (𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 4)� = � × (𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 4)� + � 2 × (𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 4)�
(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 4) 2 (𝑥𝑥 + 2) (𝑥𝑥 + 4)
𝑥𝑥 2 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 2 + 4) + (𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶)(𝑥𝑥 + 2) (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
2 2 2
𝑥𝑥 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 + 4𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 + 2𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + 2𝐶𝐶 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 2 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(−2)2 = 𝐴𝐴((−2)2 + 4) + (𝐵𝐵(−2) + 𝐶𝐶)(0)
4 = 𝐴𝐴(4 + 4) + 0
4 = 𝐴𝐴(8)
4
= 𝐴𝐴
8
𝟏𝟏
𝑨𝑨 =
𝟐𝟐
′
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′𝑥𝑥 2 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′ 𝑥𝑥 ′ 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑥𝑥 2 … . 1 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵
1
1 = + 𝐵𝐵
2
1
1 − = 𝐵𝐵
2
2−1
= 𝐵𝐵
2
𝟏𝟏
= 𝑩𝑩
𝟐𝟐

𝑥𝑥 … . 0 = 2𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶
1
0 = 2 � � + 𝐶𝐶
2
0 = 1 + 𝐶𝐶
−𝟏𝟏 = 𝑪𝑪
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ , ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐶𝐶′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)

1 1
𝑥𝑥 2 𝑥𝑥 − 1
2 2
= +
(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 4) (𝑥𝑥 + 2) (𝑥𝑥 2 + 4)
𝑥𝑥−2
𝑥𝑥 2 1 2
= +
(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 4) 2(𝑥𝑥 + 2) (𝑥𝑥 2 + 4)
2

𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙 − 𝟐𝟐
= +
(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟐𝟐)(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟒𝟒) 𝟐𝟐(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟐𝟐) 𝟐𝟐(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟒𝟒)
𝟐𝟐

12 | P a g e
 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟖𝟖: 𝟑𝟑
𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏
2
𝑥𝑥 + 1 𝑥𝑥 2 + 1
= (𝑖𝑖)
𝑥𝑥 3 + 1 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1)
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
𝑥𝑥 2 + 1 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶
= + (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1)
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑥𝑥 2 + 1 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶
� × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1)� = � × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1)� + � 2 × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1)�
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1)

𝑥𝑥 2 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1) + (𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶)(𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

𝑥𝑥 2 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 + 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + 𝐶𝐶 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(−1)2 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴((−1)2 + 1 + 1) + (𝐵𝐵(−1) + 𝐶𝐶)(0)
1 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴(1 + 2) + 0
2 = 𝐴𝐴(3)
2
= 𝐴𝐴
3
𝟐𝟐
𝑨𝑨 =
𝟑𝟑
′
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑝𝑝𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′𝑥𝑥 2 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′ 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ′ 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑥𝑥 2 … . 1 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 … . 1 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐶𝐶
2 2
1 = + 𝐵𝐵 1 = + 𝐶𝐶
3 3
𝟏𝟏 2
= 𝑩𝑩 1 − = 𝐶𝐶
𝟑𝟑 3
𝟏𝟏
= 𝑪𝑪
𝟑𝟑
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ , ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐶𝐶′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
2 1 1
1 𝑥𝑥 +
3 3 3
= +
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1)
1 2 𝑥𝑥 + 1
= +
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1) 3(𝑥𝑥 + 1) 3(𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1)
2 2

1
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖 )
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 1)
𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏
= +
𝒙𝒙𝟑𝟑 + 𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝟑(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏) 𝟑𝟑(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 − 𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏)

13 | P a g e
 Exercise 4.4
𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇.
𝒙𝒙𝟒𝟒 + 𝟑𝟑𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟐𝟐: 𝟐𝟐
(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏)�𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏�
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
𝑥𝑥 4 + 3𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 + 1 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸
= + + (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 2 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑥𝑥 4 + 3𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 + 1
� × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 �
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2
𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸
=� × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 � + � 2 × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 � + � 2 × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 �
(𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2

𝑥𝑥 4 + 3𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1) + 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸(𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

4 2 4 2 (𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 3 2 2
𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1) + + 𝐶𝐶)(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + 1) + 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 + 𝐸𝐸
𝑥𝑥 4 + 3𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 4 + 2𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 4 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + 𝐶𝐶 + 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 2 + 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 + 𝐸𝐸 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
4 2
(−1) + 3(−1) − 1 + 1 = 𝐴𝐴((−1)2 + 1)2 + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶 (0)(𝑥𝑥2 + 1) + 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸 (0)
1 + 3 = 𝐴𝐴(1 + 1)2 + 0 + 0
4 = 𝐴𝐴(2)2
4 = 𝐴𝐴(4)
4
𝐴𝐴 =
4
𝑨𝑨 = 𝟏𝟏
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 4 , 𝑥𝑥 3 , 𝑥𝑥 2 , 𝑥𝑥 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 )
𝑥𝑥 4 … . 1 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵 𝑥𝑥 3 … . 0 = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶
1 = 1 + 𝐵𝐵 0 = 0 + 𝐶𝐶
1 − 1 = 𝐵𝐵 𝟎𝟎 = 𝑪𝑪
𝟎𝟎 = 𝑩𝑩
𝑥𝑥 2 … . 3 = 2𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶 + 𝐷𝐷 𝑥𝑥 …. 1 = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶 + 𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸
3 = 2(1) + (0) + (0) + 𝐷𝐷 1 = (0) + (0) + (1) + 𝐸𝐸
3 = 2 + 𝐷𝐷 1 = 1 + 𝐸𝐸
3 − 2 = 𝐷𝐷 1 − 1 = 𝐸𝐸
𝟏𝟏 = 𝑫𝑫 𝟎𝟎 = 𝑬𝑬
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴, 𝐵𝐵, 𝐶𝐶, 𝐷𝐷, 𝐸𝐸 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)
𝑥𝑥 4 + 3𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 + 1 1 (0)𝑥𝑥 + 0 (1)𝑥𝑥 + 0
= + +
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 2 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2
𝒙𝒙𝟒𝟒 + 𝟑𝟑𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙
= +
(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏)(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 (𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏) (𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐

14 | P a g e
 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟑𝟑:
(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏)(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
𝑥𝑥 2 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸
2 2
= + 2 + 2 (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑥𝑥 2
� × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 �
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2
𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸
=� × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 � + � 2 × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 � + � 2 × (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 �
(𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2
𝑥𝑥 2 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1) + 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸(𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
2 4 2 3 2 2
𝑥𝑥 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 1) + (𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶)(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + 1) + 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 + 𝐸𝐸
𝑥𝑥 2 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 4 + 2𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 4 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + 𝐶𝐶 + 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 2 + 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 + 𝐸𝐸 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(−1)2 = 𝐴𝐴((−1)2 + 1)2 + 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶(0)(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1) + 𝐷𝐷𝑥𝑥 + 𝐸𝐸(0)
1 = 𝐴𝐴(1 + 1)2 + 0 + 0
1 = 𝐴𝐴(2)2
1 = 𝐴𝐴(4)
1
𝐴𝐴 =
4
𝟏𝟏
𝑨𝑨 =
𝟒𝟒
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 4 , 𝑥𝑥 3 , 𝑥𝑥 2 , 𝑥𝑥 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑥𝑥 4 … . 0 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵 𝑥𝑥 3 … . 0 = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶
1 1
0 = + 𝐵𝐵 0 = − + 𝐶𝐶
4 4
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
− = 𝑩𝑩 = 𝑪𝑪
𝟒𝟒 𝟒𝟒

𝑥𝑥 2 … . 1 = 2𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶 + 𝐷𝐷 𝑥𝑥 … . 0 = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶 + 𝐷𝐷 + 𝐸𝐸
1 1 1 1 1 1
1 = 2 � � + − + 𝐷𝐷 0 = − + + 𝐸𝐸
4 4 4 4 4 2
1 1
1 = + 𝐷𝐷 0 = + 𝐸𝐸
2 2
1 𝟏𝟏
1 − = 𝐷𝐷 − = 𝑬𝑬
2 𝟐𝟐
𝟏𝟏
= 𝑫𝑫
𝟐𝟐
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴, 𝐵𝐵, 𝐶𝐶, 𝐷𝐷, 𝐸𝐸 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)
1 1 1 1 1
𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 −
4
2 2
= + 42 4
+ 22 2
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1) (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2
𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙 − 𝟏𝟏
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
= − +
(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏)(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏) 𝟒𝟒(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏) 𝟒𝟒(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏) 𝟐𝟐(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐
𝟐𝟐

15 | P a g e
 𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓
𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 𝑵𝑵𝑵𝑵. 𝟔𝟔:
(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐
𝑥𝑥 5 𝑥𝑥 5
=
(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 𝑥𝑥 4 +2𝑥𝑥 2 + 1
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 5
5
𝑥𝑥 4 2
±𝑥𝑥 5 ± 2𝑥𝑥 3 ± 𝑥𝑥
= 𝑥𝑥 +2𝑥𝑥 + 1 �
(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 −2𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥
−(2𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑥)

𝑥𝑥 5 −(2𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑥)
= 𝑥𝑥 +
(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 𝑥𝑥 4 +2𝑥𝑥 2 + 1
𝑥𝑥 5 2𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑥
= 𝑥𝑥 − 2 (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁,
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
2𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑥 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + 𝐷𝐷
= + (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 𝑥𝑥 2 + 1 (𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 (𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
2𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑥 2 2
𝐴𝐴 2 2
𝐵𝐵
� 2 × ( 𝑥𝑥 + 1) � = � × ( 𝑥𝑥 + 1) � + � × (𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 �
(𝑥𝑥 + 1) 2 2
𝑥𝑥 + 1 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)
2 2

2𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑥 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1) + 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + 𝐷𝐷 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

2𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑥 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + 𝐷𝐷 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 3 , 𝑥𝑥 2 , 𝑥𝑥, 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑥𝑥 3 … . 2 = 𝐴𝐴 𝑥𝑥 2 … . 0 = 𝐵𝐵
𝑥𝑥 …. 1 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐶𝐶 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 … . 0 = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝐷𝐷
𝑥𝑥 …. 1 = 2 + 𝐶𝐶 0 = 0 + 𝐷𝐷
𝑥𝑥 … . 1 − 2 = 𝐶𝐶 0 = 𝐷𝐷
𝑥𝑥 …. − 1 = 𝐶𝐶
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴, 𝐵𝐵, 𝐶𝐶, 𝐷𝐷 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
2𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑥 (2)𝑥𝑥 + (0) (−1)𝑥𝑥 + (0)
= +
(𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2 𝑥𝑥 2 + 1 (𝑥𝑥 2 + 1)2
2𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
= 2 − 2
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)
2 2 𝑥𝑥 + 1 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2
2𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑥
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖 )
(𝑥𝑥 + 1)2
𝒙𝒙𝟓𝟓 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙
= 𝒙𝒙 − +
(𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏 (𝒙𝒙𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐

16 | P a g e
 Miscellaneous Exercise 4
𝑸𝑸. 𝟏𝟏: 𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴 𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪 𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸.

i c vi c
ii c vii b
iii b viii a
iv d ix b
v c x c

𝑸𝑸. 𝟐𝟐: 𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸.

1. 𝑫𝑫𝑫𝑫𝑫𝑫𝑫𝑫𝑫𝑫𝑫𝑫 𝒂𝒂 𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇.
𝑁𝑁(𝑥𝑥)
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 , 𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑁𝑁(𝑥𝑥) 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐷𝐷(𝑥𝑥)𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑥𝑥 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ
𝐷𝐷(𝑥𝑥)
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐, 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓. 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑙𝑠𝑠.

2. 𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇?

𝑁𝑁(𝑥𝑥)
𝐴𝐴 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 , 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ 𝐷𝐷(𝑥𝑥) ≠ 0 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑎𝑎 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒
𝐷𝐷 (𝑥𝑥)
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑁𝑁(𝑥𝑥), 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒
𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝐷𝐷 (𝑥𝑥), 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑.

3. 𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇?

𝑁𝑁(𝑥𝑥)
𝐴𝐴 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 , 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ 𝐷𝐷(𝑥𝑥) ≠ 0 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒
𝐷𝐷 (𝑥𝑥)
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑁𝑁(𝑥𝑥), 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝐷𝐷(𝑥𝑥), 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑.

4. 𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇?

𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠. 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓.

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 𝒙𝒙−𝟐𝟐
5. 𝑯𝑯𝑯𝑯𝑯𝑯 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄 𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘 𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 ?
(𝒙𝒙+𝟐𝟐)(𝒙𝒙+𝟑𝟑)
𝒙𝒙−𝟐𝟐
(𝒙𝒙+𝟐𝟐)(𝒙𝒙+𝟑𝟑)
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
𝑥𝑥 − 2 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵
= + (𝑖𝑖)
(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 + 2) (𝑥𝑥 + 3)

𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 (𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

𝑥𝑥 − 2 𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵
� × (𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)� = � × (𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)� + � × (𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)�
(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) (𝑥𝑥 + 2) (𝑥𝑥 + 3)

𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 + 3) + 𝐵𝐵(𝑥𝑥 + 2) (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)

𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃; 𝑥𝑥 + 2 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
−2 − 2 = 𝐴𝐴(−2 + 3) + 𝐵𝐵(0)
−4 = 𝐴𝐴(1) + 0
−4 = 𝐴𝐴(1)
−4
= 𝐴𝐴
1
𝑨𝑨 = −𝟒𝟒

𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃;
𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 0
𝑥𝑥 = −3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
−3 − 2 = 𝐴𝐴(0) + 𝐵𝐵(−3 + 2)
−5 = 0 + 𝐵𝐵(−1)
−5 = 𝐵𝐵(−1)
−5
= 𝐵𝐵
−1
𝑩𝑩 = 𝟓𝟓

𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ′′𝐴𝐴′′ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ′′𝐵𝐵′′ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 (𝑖𝑖)
𝒙𝒙 − 𝟐𝟐 −𝟒𝟒 𝟓𝟓
= +
(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟐𝟐)(𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑) 𝒙𝒙 + 𝟐𝟐 𝒙𝒙 + 𝟑𝟑

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