CLASE DE REFUERZO SÁBADO 14 DE MAYO DE 2022

BINOMIO DE NEWTON

𝑛(𝑛 − 1) 𝑛−2 2 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2) 𝑛−3 3

(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑛𝑎𝑛−1 ⋅ 𝑏 + 𝑎 ⋅𝑏 + 𝑎 ⋅ 𝑏 + … … + 𝑏𝑛
2! 3!
(𝑥 − 7)3 𝑛(𝑛 − 1) 𝑛−2 2 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2) 𝑛−3 3
(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑛𝑎𝑛−1 ⋅ 𝑏 + 𝑎 ⋅𝑏 + 𝑎 ⋅𝑏
2! 3!
Elementos:
𝑛(𝑛 − 1) 𝑛−2 2
𝑛=3 (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑛𝑎𝑛−1 ⋅ 𝑏 + 𝑎 ⋅𝑏 + 𝑏3
2!
𝑎=𝑥 3(3 − 1) 3−2
(𝑥 − 7)3 = 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 3−1 ⋅ (−7) + 𝑥 ⋅ (−7)2 + (−7)3
2!
𝑏 = −7
= 𝑥3 − 21𝑥 2 + 3 ⋅ 49 𝑥 − 343
Cantidad de
Tér. = 𝑥3 − 21𝑥 2 + 147 𝑥 − 343

𝑛+1
=3+1=4 3(3 − 1)
(𝑥 − 3)3 = 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 (−3) + 𝑥 ⋅ (−3)2 + (−3)3
2!
2! = 2 ∗ 1
3(2)
=2 = 𝑥3 − 9𝑥 2 + ⋅ 9𝑥 + (−3)3
2
3!
= 𝑥3 − 9𝑥 2 + 27𝑥 − 27
=3∗2∗1
=6
(𝑥 + 3)3 = 𝑥 3 + 9𝑥 2 + 27𝑥 + 27

(𝑥 − 1)6 Elementos:
𝑛 = 6, 𝑎 = 𝑥, 𝑏 = −1; 𝑛+1 = 6+1= 7
𝑛(𝑛 − 1) 𝑛−2 2 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2) 𝑛−3 3 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)(𝑛 − 3) 𝑛−4
(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑛𝑎𝑛−1 ⋅ 𝑏 + 𝑎 ⋅𝑏 + 𝑎 ⋅𝑏 + 𝑎
2! 3! 4!
𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)(𝑛 − 3)(𝑛 − 4) 𝑛−5 5
⋅ 𝑏4 + 𝑎 ⋅ 𝑏 + 𝑏6
5!
6(6 − 1) 6−2 6(6 − 1)(6 − 2) 6−3
(𝑥 − 1)6 = 𝑥 6 + 6𝑥 6−1 (−1) + 𝑥 ⋅ (−1)2 + 𝑥 ⋅ (−1)3 +
2! 3!
6(6 − 1)(6 − 2)(6 − 3) 6−4 6(6 − 1)(6 − 2)(6 − 3)(6 − 4) 6−5
+ 𝑥 ⋅ (−1)4 + 𝑥 ⋅ (−1)5 + (−1)6
4! 5!

6(5) 4 6(5)(4) 3 6(5)(4)(3) 2 6(5)(4)(3)(2)

= 𝑥 6 − 6𝑥 5 + 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 1
2 6 6⋅4 6⋅5⋅4

= 𝑥 6 − 6𝑥 5 + 15𝑥 4 − 20𝑥 3 + 15𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 1

 (ℎ + 2)4 𝑛(𝑛 − 1) 𝑛−2 2 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2) 𝑛−3 3
(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑛𝑎𝑛−1 ⋅ 𝑏 + 𝑎 ⋅𝑏 + 𝑎 ⋅ 𝑏 + 𝑏4
Elementos 2! 3!
𝑛=4
4(3) 2 2 4(3)(2)
𝑎=ℎ (ℎ + 2)4 = ℎ4 + 4ℎ3 (2) + ℎ (2) + ℎ(2)3 + (2)4
2 3⋅2
𝑏=2
= ℎ4 + 8ℎ3 + 24ℎ2 + 32ℎ + 16

Cantidad de
ter.
𝑛+1 =5

Triángulo de Pascal (no PAscual)

Cantidad de términos Coeficiente
BINOMIO
𝑛+1
(𝑎 + 𝑏)0 , 𝑛=0 1 1
(𝑎 + 𝑏)1 , 𝑛=1 2, 1𝑎 + 1𝑏 1 1
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 , 𝑛=2 3, 1𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 1𝑏 2 1 2 1
(𝑎 + 𝑏)3 , 𝑛=3 4 1 3 3 1
(𝑎 + 𝑏)4 , 𝑛=4 5 1 4 6 4 1
(𝑎 + 𝑏)5 , 𝑛=5 6 1 5 10 10 5 1
(𝑎 + 𝑏)6 , 𝑛=6 7 1 6 15 20 15 6 1
(𝑎 + 𝑏)7 , 𝑛=7 8 1 7 21 35 35 21 7 1

Triángulo de Pascal
𝑐𝑛 = 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚é𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑜
(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑛 = 𝑐1 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑐2 𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑏) + 𝑐3 𝑎𝑛−2 (𝑏)2 + 𝑐4 𝑎𝑛−3 (𝑏)3 + … … + (𝑏)𝑛

(𝑥 − 1)6 = 1𝑥 6 + 6𝑥 5 (−1) + 15𝑥 4 (−1)2 + 20𝑥 3 (−1)3 + 15𝑥 2 (−1)4 + 6𝑥(−1)5 + 1(−1)6

= 𝑥6 − 6𝑥 5 + 15𝑥 4 − 20𝑥 3 + 15𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 1

= 𝑥6 − 6𝑥 5 + 15𝑥 4 − 20𝑥 3 + 15𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 1

Resuelvan por Blaise Pascal

(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑛 = 𝑐1 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑐2 𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑏) + 𝑐3 𝑎𝑛−2 (𝑏)2 + 𝑐4 𝑎𝑛−3 (𝑏)3 + … … + (𝑏)𝑛

(𝑥 − 3)5 = 1𝑥 5 + 5𝑥 4 (−3) + 10𝑥 3 (−3)2 + 10𝑥 2 (−3)3 + 5𝑥(−3)4 + 1(−3)5

= 𝑥5 − 15𝑥 4 + 90𝑥 3 − 270𝑥 2 + 405𝑥 − 243

(𝑥 + 6)2 = 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 36

(𝑥 + 10)3 = 𝑥 3 + 30𝑥 2 + 300𝑥 + 1000

Término i-ésimo

𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2) ⋅ … … 𝑛−𝑖+1 𝑖−1

𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 𝑎 ⋅𝑏
(𝑖 − 1)!

𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2) ⋅ … … 𝑛−𝑘 𝑘

𝑘 = 𝑖 − 1, 𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 𝑎 ⋅𝑏
𝑘!
Hallar el quinto término de: 6(6 − 1)(6 − 2)(6 − 3) 6−4
5𝑡𝑒𝑟 = ⋅𝑥 ⋅ (−1)4
(𝑥 − 1)6 4!
6(5)(4)(3) 2
Elementos 5𝑡𝑒𝑟 = ⋅𝑥
6⋅4
𝑛=6
= 15𝑥 2
𝑖=5

𝑘 =𝑖−1
=5−1
𝑘=4

Hallar el cuarto término de: 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2) ⋅ … … 𝑛−𝑘 𝑘

𝑘 = 𝑖 − 1, 𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 𝑎 ⋅𝑏
(𝑥 + 2)5 𝑘!
5(4)(3)
4𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 𝑥 ⋅ (2)4
3! = 3 ∗ 2
= 160𝑥
Hallar el séptimo término de: 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2) ⋅ … … 𝑛−𝑘 𝑘
𝑘 = 𝑖 − 1, 𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 𝑎 ⋅𝑏
(𝑥 + 1)10 𝑘!
10(9)(8)(7)(6)(5)
7𝑡𝑒𝑟 = ⋅ 𝑥 4 ⋅ (1)6
6! = 6 ∗ 5 ∗ 4 ∗ 3 ∗ 2
= 210𝑥 4