Z Experiment No: 10 Course Code: PHY 222A Course Title: Physics Practical BE sas Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet Name of experiment: Determination of the thickness of a paper by means of Interference in an wedge. Submitted by: Chayon Golder Reg. no. : 2020132002 Group: 04 Session: 2020-21 Submitted to: Dr. Mohammad Delawar Hossain Professor, Dept. of Physics Mr. Elhamul Hai Associate Professor, Dept. of Physics Ms Nujhat Nuri Sultana Assistant Professor, Dept. of Physics Department of PhysicsEXPERIMENT NAME: ‘PETERMINATION OF THE THICKNESS OF PAPER GY MEANS oF TWTERFERENCE FRINGES IN AN Alp WEDGE: THEORY Whem two waves of ame amplitude amd freequemcy Super (mposed om ome amother {he «nerease amd jg kmowm as inter ference: Tmlerferemee| saleractions of onulliple tas: ve aomy kind of eaves TH omay be Ihe tmlerference eallcom because the two decsenge of entemsily com he caved due to te Tmlernfesence om eccur fo lmmemtioed Bat with sound oaves Team be observed withour amuch difbicnlty im a comlant phage ecletomshis this ltnterferimg waves maimta | q Woweves Sox Ligh waves lis also the cose for — emiewo waves - due to vi process of emission ome cammot deserve ‘cmlerferemee between te waves frm two imdebondenth Sources although the interferemee does take place: Thus, ome ities to desive emterfeving waves from a single Wave so linet the phase relationship is smaintimal: The methods to laskievé this cam be classified under two bacad categories. (Under the dist category im a typical axrramgerment | og [beam is allowed 40 Jal om two closely spaced holes Jamd the we beams emamating frat the eles omtebepe“This method is kmown as divisom of wave fromb Im other tmethed Known as divisom of amplitude , a beam is divided at two ow = more we dlecting susdnces amd the Reflected beams tnterJere- Division of wavefront: ‘Tn thie onethed a wavedront is divided laterally ante tue parts by utilizing the pheomemem of veflection, or refraction, ov deffsctiom i such a onanmen Het the direction of te two divided parts ve changed: [Since they are devived from the some wavefoent, they will [always Rave a peimb=fo~ pith phase east ces they Jere coheremt, “The fovorntion of irterderemce Fimges by ) Fresme( b+ prism, 9 Lloyd's single miner, ) Faesmel’s double minor, fy) Ray leigh's inlenferemeten ete beloms this category: Pivisom of amplitude: Tm thig_-methed, the wove fromb is also divided énlo v0 parks by a combimatiom of beth reflection amd wefeelion. Smee the resulting wavehromts are devived trom the came Souste , they satisfy the eomdition of coheremce « Eocamipsles of ‘this class ave the imberferemee effeets observed emd Thin dilms, 6) Newtom’s rings, i) Michelsom tmterferometer, wy Fabry - Perot interferometer ete. Division of omplitde Pappens wRile detercmimimg the Hhickmess of paper - Let two flat sheets af glass be separated slightly at ome edge Fig. (a). Tf dis ob the order of a millimeter ov less amd — the wedge is viewed by veslected momo chwormatic ht interference fringes may be chsewed + Tuter}eren, (ght, bei waves reflected from fhe top amd ‘ce oceurg between the bottom of the aim wedges . Fig. CY) illustoekes the geomehy o ei wedge. Fats Principle of ier feremce ot « thinThe may A produces two reflected ways A’ amd Als Suppose. thet A amd @ covespomd to two adjacent dost ov beight @reay + Them asd=Q ---- - © Where 9 is the wavelength of the Light- Comsidesation of the geometzy lends to the conclusion that A Ute fheught alse shows theh if Hm bright ow doute fringes axe counted dm a length 9, them a= % ----- m Setbstihctiong ® and ® im ©, we obtain a $e ae Lae | 2 d= gy -------@ el two gloss plates are placed face fo free with ome end fJovmed betucen| Gepooated by a paber am ain wedye will be them: Tf momechyormatic [tyht is shome om The Plates 0 Series ef shaight line dringes will be Seen fpmetel to the line abe which they Jouch. This is due te interference by divisinn| ef amplitude, as with Newton's vimgs: Some yh is eUlefay |from the bottom “surface of the for “plate amd some from the fop surface of bottom plate. The travelling microscope or the eye must be ocused close fo the Upper surface of dhe ale wedge simce this [bere the Fringes are localised. Seema us 5 Powe ling anieroseope, 9 Opticals plane glass plates, cé) A thin papew, éx) Sodium Vapour (anf, Y) Seale.on Experrmemta date: No, |No.od|_ Reading of the microscope Mean| Length 5 . n +h) frin = = of he Istread ingchingg eee de] Rh a Obs. forigt M.S] V. S| fetal] M.S] V.5 [Total] @-A ate ile OV dark 11 | Gem} em) For} Gor} (rr Gn) (| Genny | in Gm) A | 20 | 410 |0,95 41995) 10,6 605] foes! yg 1 TT eal | i | 2 |20 |Logloryp |lesis tee oor froror! 3-26 | | o~s- flop a4 on oeCALCULATION toe kmow, the thickmess of Paber, ae —bA 2p whee, L= Lemgth of the aly filer = Fo am = Foro” Sam DX = Wave length of the tmeident yur 893A = 5893x160 %n| pe Widlh of fringe = | cee distamee between wih dark ow bright Jriges For chservation ~1 a oe ee : ite a F FET = ODD aman = 08 21x15 Fm Go dys LA _ _toxws x Sean? 2B, — 2K +2] KIS = 9821 X10 Tam For obsewvation <9 = 2 _ 3:86 As m= ge = ONVD MM = OF 193 xtO7~ Som Som i, 2 La Foxe Sx 5293 x1o7 lo 2 Tp = ax en9g xe 3 = 1 068 x107 4amFor observatiom-3 2. ; y= oo ONL 0°212 Mmm = 07212 X10~Som, cS 20 dg= LA. Joxio" 3 x 5893x1010 203 Qvo2a xs | = 94S X17 Ton | ditdat da 3 | Mean thickmess of the Paper, 92821 KtO S4 106 R XITH EB FBHIO | | 3 = 1 0099 xt Lom |BRoR_cateuraTion Stamdard deviation, ¢ = |e. 6D" om) -\ aed 3-1 | Genes vomneye(votnes- 2 | roesanic J (Q-agKeS— 10099 KJ = FAs xioban Stomdard deviation of the «mean, Gm = — ssxis V3 | = 3-028 x1o-banSo the errr is = 2228*ITF x iooy, boo Ht KI = 3of, RESULT From the entpeviment we Rave foumd errr 3% omy: Se the | thickness of the paper is | d= J+ bm | d= (reoss sinh ¢ Bre2sxivé) amDISCUSSION \o The setup wos placed carefully. mn cave fully amd precisely. | © Meastrememts were take } between tne two ® The dress wire wos placed igh dow spimges: hh ckerk So teat the ® The wom was emoug measurements bia pretty accunfe. ome observations to calewlate the © We took anove ton thickmess of [paper cmore precisely . CONCLUSION The experiment wos a pure success: We had performed all the procedure aceording fo the guide book: We understood theory amd got a pwper vend eve trending of the onethad. We pev-for- med our steps perfectly Hat the 2%OP we Rad caleulated oo (ese tam Fh wich ca Shaded value. Though there. weve come difficulties seppading the enpesioneart- about the sel up of the system but we Were cave ful enough’, $0 [es jetta saticfoclooy result. That's how we comjteledl he [enperiowemt detewmimation of tickmess of paper