WOT SBN PHAP BO DUONG HANG LUG TO CHOC HOMT DONE SEMINAR CHO SIH VEN NEANH GIAO UG TH HOG TRUONG DA HG DONG THAP Ths. LE DUY CUONG* Abstract: Active seminar activities organizing capacity is one important capability for students, because if there is good capacity, the students will participate positively in seminar activities with initiative, self- confidence to the field of Social knowledge which improves the quality of education. The paper raised the ‘seminar organizational capacity by students of primary education which proposes a number of measures including capacity building. Keywords: competence; seminar activities; primary education, seminar trong day hoc la mét hoat déng cén thiét hm nding cao chat lzgng day va hgc 6 céc-tnidng su pham, dap tng mye tu cla nganh ido dye trong giai doan mdi, Trén co sénghién cfu anh gid thye trang, chting t6i d8 xuat mét sé bién phép nang cao NLTCHB seminarcho sinh vign{SV) nganh Gio duc tigu hgc (GDTH) 6 Truéng Bai hoc ‘Déng Thap. 1. Vé thue trang NLTCH® seminar cla SV nganh GOTH 6 Truéng Bai hoc Béng Thap Ching t6i da tign hanh khdo sdt 80 SV nganh GDTH nam thi 4 cla Tréng Bai hoo ‘BDéng Thép (nm hgc 2014-2015) vé NLTCHD seminar trong qué trinh hoe tp. Kat qua cho thay, nhigu SV cén. nam lan gia hinh thi day hoc seminar vai thao lugn nhém. SV datydanh gid NLTCHB seminarciia ban than nhu sau (xem bang 1), Baing 1. Théng ké két qua tydénh gid Bern lye t6 chutchoatdng (NLTCHB) NLTCHB seminarciia SV a In] cum femme pe es es ape fare ars fre ae ART 1 SET SR flrs clas 2 [Nt thuyét tinh ‘80 | 9 [11,25] 24]50,00] 42|52.50] 5 [6.25] 3 |NL 5 chile thio wan | 80 | 8 |10,00| 19|23,75] 48] 60,00] 5 [6.25] iit igwe tia: [o iaaneeiaent so Basta sft | ay [fer soe dieaand lo ijsrlekenalsnfolaal 7 [Nt gio 180 {24[30,00|35 43.75]20[25,00| 1 [1.25] she eaegam— [esl ntalieat pan cts agai ees lee on recta ee al esas someway nef nef sass (Mite 4: Te Mite 2: Khe; ic 3: Trung binh; Mit 4: Yéu) Bang théng ké cho thay, phan lén céc NLTCHD. seminarciia SV déu nam émUc trung binh. Digu nay nh hudng khéng nhé dén chat lugng dao tao gido vién tiéu hoc d cdc trudng su pham. ‘Nguyén nhén thye trang: -Véphia SV:+ Ba sé SV cén thiéu sychi dong va sutu tin cn thiét trong hoc tap. Vi vay, Khitham gia hoat déng seminar, céc em thyéng chua thé hign t6t nhat kha nang cla minh; + SV thiéu ki nang (KN) mém, do 46, cdc em cén e ngai trude céc nhiém vy hoc tap doi hdi phai thé hién kha nang cda ban than. - Véphia ging vién (GV): Két qua cia hoat dong seminar cdn phy thudc vdo trinh 46 chuyén mén, kha nang: supham, kha nang gidiquyét van dé mot céch linh hoat, séng tao cia GV; déng thai, GV cén c6 sy dau tu v8 thai ké cdc hoat ding seminar. Do mat nhigu thdi gian chuénbj nén nhiéu GV da khéng sit dung hinh thie nay vao day hoc. Turthuc trang trén, dudi day, chiing toi dé xuat mat 6 bign phdp boi duéng NLTCHD seminar cho SV nganh GDTH 6 Trudng Dai hoc Déng Thép. 2. Mét sé bién phap béi duéng NLTCHD seminar cho SV nganh GDTH 6 Trudng Bai hoc Déng Thap 2.1. Xdy dyng céc chii dé day hoc gin lién véihoat déng seminar, Chi dé seminar duge xy dung cén phu hop véi khé nang cla SV cing nhu ap ling duge mye tiéu cila mén hoc nham tao higu qua tich cyc. Dé nang cao higu qua hoat dong seminar, khi GV xy dyng cdc chi dé cén dap ting nhiing yéu cau sau: "Tongs ioe Dong Thap (Thang 10/2016) Tap chi Giao duc 86 DAC BIRT |87- Baim bao mye tiéu déo tao: phaithye hign duge cao mye tiéu gido dye daihoc cfing nhumuc tu cua hhgc phan trong chuong trinh, -Bém bao phi hap voinhu cu, hing thiicia SV: ‘8616 chuchoat déng seminar rong day hoc dat higu qua cao d6i hdi SV phai phat huy t8t nhat kha nang cia minh. GV cén xéc dinh r6 nhu céu va hing thi cla SV 48 t6 chic cdc hoat déng seminar phil hop. - Bp ting yéu cau chudn dau ra: Chuan dau ra duge coi a co sé quan trong dé danh gid chat lugng dao tao cla ting nganh hoe. Vi vay, cde chi dé seminar duge xay dung, cn huéng téiviée rén’ ‘uyen, phat trién cdc NL co ban cho SV, dap 1ing yeu cau cia chuan dau ra dé cdc. em co thé tham gia va 6 chit tétcéc hoat déng seminar. 2.2. Tang cudng t6 chic hogt déng:seminar trong qué trinh day hgc. Mét trong nhitag nguyén nhan khién SV chua duge-trang.biohdng NL can thiét 46 16 chutc t8t hoat dng seminarmétphén la do cc em it duge tham gia hoc tap bang.hinh thie nay. é hinh thanh va phat trién NLTCH® séminar cho SV, GV c&n thudng xuyén sit dung hinh thiic nay trong day hoc. Théng qua hoat déng séminar, SV finh hdi duge kién thuic, déng thai rén luyén duge cdc KN, NL cén thiét (nhu: NL giao tiép, NL thuyét trinh,, NL tim titra ci théng tn, NL nghiénrcttu khoa hec..). 2.3. én luyén cho SV m6ts6NL cén thiét khi tham gia seminar, 6 \&: 23.1. Rén uyén NL thuyét tinh thang qua béo cdo seminar. B& tham gia tich cu trong hoat dong seminar, SV can c6 kha nang trinh bay nhéng van -4 nhan ho&c két qua nghién ctu cla nhém.. t trinh la mét trong nhiing hoat dong co ban khithuc hign seminar. Cac két qué nghién ctu cla nhém can duge trinh bay mét cach ro rang, mach lac va cuén hitngudinghe. Dé rén luyén cho SV NL nay, GV can t6 chic tap hun cho SV trudc khité chic seminar trén lép théng qua cdc bude sau: - Bude 1: Bua ra chi d8 seminar va cho SV nghién ccttu, chudin bj thuyét trinh m@t van dé nhé eda chi a duge giao; - Bude 2: GiGi thigu cu tric cla bai thuyéttinh nhm gp SV ndm duge cach thu nghién ctu (gém: néu van quyét van dé; két luan vin dé);- Bude 3:Huéng din SV xAy dung a8 cuong bai thuyét trinh; - Bucic 4:Hudng dan SV céch thie trnh bay khithuyét inh: + Cain trinh bay van 68 mot cach chinh xac, 16 rang, dé hiéu, theo mét tinh ty logic ch&t ché; + Léi ndi 1 rang, trong séng, gidu hinh tugng, chudn xdc; chu y t6c 46, Am lugng ndi...; :val va lan phi + Tuan thd cu trdc thuyéttrinh, biét cach d&tva gidi quyét van dé; + C6 thé phdi hgp véi phuong phap néu van 48 dé cé phugng phép thuyét trinh theo kiéu néu van 48; - Budc 5:T6 chiic cho SV thuyét trinh thd; - Bude 6: Banh gié va huéng dan SV ty anh gia bai thuyét trinh thi 48 rit kinh nghi + Bude 7:SV thuyét trinh chi dé seminar trén lop theo dy kién. 2.3.2. NL théo ludn nhém déthuc hién nghién du chidé seminar. Théo lun nhém ki m@t trong nhung Phuong phép cb sutham giatich cyc cla SV, céc em @ hién quan diém cla minh va rén luyén kha nang gidi quyét van 48. Dé rén luyén cho SV NL nay, GV cn thye hign céc bude sau: - Budt 1:T6 chitc cho SV thanh lgp nh6m; - Bude 2:Giao nhigm vy, an inh thdi gian va diéu kién, phuong tién dé céc nhom_ kam vige; - Bude 3: Hudng dan SV phan cong céng vige cho céc thanh vign trong nhém béng ech phan Bude 4:Huéng dan SV xay dung kéhoach thao luan; - Bude 5:Yéu céu cdc nhém tién hanh thdo luén; - Bude 6: Hudng dan SV ting kétva anh gid két qua thao lun nhom 2.3.3, Nang cao KN king nghe tich cue cho SV. Bén canh KN nd, KN thuyéttrinh khitham gia seminar thimotkN cén chile ing nghe. Langnghe tich cue i hoatdéng tam li o6 hudng dich, o6 thio, césutép trung cha ¥ cao d6, ddi heir méi nguéi phai thudng xuyén rén luyén dé phat trign KN nghe va higu ndi dung cla nhéng thang tn ma nguéinéidva ra ‘Dé giip SV rén luyén KN nay, GV cn: - Gidp SV higu rang: ing nghe tich cyo a biéttip rung chi, biéu 16 sy quan tam tdi ngudi néi; biét im ing, ding néi khi cn thi;-Té chic rénluyéncho SV céch tp tung cao ide quan khinghe, VéveduSV xdenhanvanhde Ytuéng cia nguéiindibang ngén ngit oda minh; Yéu céu SV ty dat cu hoi dé lim 16 vn a8. Béi duéng NLTCHD seminar cho SV nganh GDTH 6 Trudng Bai hoc Béng Thap la viéc kim can thiét nham trang bi cho cdc em cdc NL dé SV. 6 thé ty tin, chi d6ng, tich cuc tham gia vao hoat déng seminar. Viée ting cudng béidudng NLTCHD seminarcho SV nganh GDTH la métyéu céukhach quan dcéc trudng dai hc va cao dang. Bay cing 18 co 8d c&n thigt dé tin hanh d6i mi ngi dung, phuong phap gidng day, gop phan nang cao chat lugng dao tao. (Xem tiép trang 86) 88| Tap chi Giao duc 86 DAC BIRT (Thang 10/2016)thich siyham muén duge gidi quyét van dé dat ra va Khi gidi quyét | né nguéi hoc phai tung bude tim t6 kkhdm phé vai vige huy d@ng c@ thao tac tri tug lan hanh dong chan tay d8 cé duge kétqué, kétqua cla bude trudc ila di kign cia bude sau tgo cho ngudi hoc sy hap dan, cuén hut, say sua vdi céng viéc chan doan qua d6 phat trién hung thd ki thuat cho: ngudi hoc. Khi gidi BTCDKT, dé xac duge nguyén nhan héng hée nguGi gidi: dya vao dau higu hong hoc quan sat dugc trén déi tugng ki thuat, dae bigt dau higu héng hoc thigu va khéng ro rang nén vviéc quan std day phaitién hanb kiluéng, phaikét hgp quan sat véitim t6i cdc yéu t6 rdi phan tich, lya chon dau higu cn thiét dé dua ra kétluan chin xéc; tién hanh quan sat, tim tdi vj tri ctla bd phi hhéc, thanh phan héng héc trén may méc, thiét bi Ki thuat theo uu dé tim héng, rdi lai quan sat, tim tdi cc chitiét, | phan td héng hdc trén bé phan héng héc qua dé phat tién nang lye quan sat cho ngudi hoc. Trong qué trinh giai BTCDKT, ngudi gidi thye cac cong doan kiém tra, thao lap khi thao tac theo lu détim héng héc qua dé gidip cho ngudi hoc hinh thanh va rén luygn éac thao téc vat chét. Nhu vay ‘qua BTCBKTcée bién phép phat trién ning lye Ki thuat duge thyc hign nhd dé ma nang lye Ki thuat ca ngudi hoc sé phat trién. Vi dy trong ki thuat sila chia xe-may: khi xd dinh nguyén nhan dng co dang chay thi gidm t6c 9 tit, dong co dan tat may. Bay li sy cd thuéng gap cia xe may trong qua trinh sitdung. Vi vay, khi hudng dan ngudi hoc van dung kién thc 48 tim nguyén nhan nghia ld huéng dan ngt i hoo van dung kign thic vdo gidi quyét van dé thy tién datra. Nguyén nhan gay ra sy 06 nay tong déi phuic tap, lign quan dén héthéng cung cap nhién iu, hé thong anh kéa va may méc bén trong déng co. Vi vay, d& tim duge nguyén nhan ngudihgc phaikét hap quan sat, tim 6i hao téc vatchat. Cy thé nhurvaihé théng cung cp nhién ligu, trudc tién phai kiém tra xem x&ng trong binh cé cén hay khéng, néu c&n thi phai kim tra khos binh xang c6 md hay khéng, sau d6 lainit6ng dan kiém traxem cédan xanghay khéng, rnéu khéng thi phai thao tac cng tic van va bd ae déu dé tién hanh lam sach, néu c6 xang thi duéng dan ca bé ché bi tac. BTCBKT ld mét lal bai todn mang kha day di ac trung cia bai toan ki thuat véi nhiing dc diém dc tila: thiéu di kign hodo dU kign khong r5 rang; 6 nhiéu céch gii, nhigu két qua khéc nhau phy thudc vao trinh do ngudi gidi va diéu kin dé gidi, Nhd nhiing dac diém nay ma BTCDKT cé vai trd quan trong trong viée phat trién tu duy kithuat, ning lc Kithuat cho ngudi gidi. Bay ciingla myctiéu cla day nghé ki thuat bdi vay, can phai xay dung va st dyng ching trong day nghé kithuat gép phan nang cao chat izgng dao tao. O (1) Hoang Phe. Tar dign Tiéng Vigt. NXB Da Nang. 2000. (2) Nguy8n Tigh Khiem. Nhap mon chiin dodn ki thugt cong trink, NXB Khoa hoc ty mhién va cong nghe, H. 2008. (3) Nguyén Khiéc Trai. Kithudt chéin doan 0. NXB Giao théng van tai, H. 2007. (4) Neuyén Van Binh, Phuong phip day hoc ki thuat cong nghigp. NXB Gido duc, H. 1999 (5) Nguyn Trong Khanh. Xay dung va sit dung bai 104n ki thugt nhdm nang cao chdi long day hoc mon kr thuat cong nghigp lop 11 trung hoc phd thang. Luan An tin st Giéo duc hoc, Truvng Bai hoc Su pham Ha Noi, 2001. (6) Va Ngoc Pha. Tim hiéu vé logic, NXB Chin tri Qué gia - Sy that, H. 1996. (7) Nguyén Trong Khanh, Phat trién ning tue va ter duy ki thugt. NXB Dai hgc Sepham, H.2011 (8) Nguy€n Van Khoi. Lflugn day hoc thye hanh kt thugt. NXB Dai hoc Supham, H. 2013. ‘Tai ligu tham khao 1, DO Thanh Hai. Can ban stra chia ti vi mau. NXB Khoa hoc va Ki thudt, H. 1997. 2. Hing Le. KI thugt sira chaa xe may nang cao. NXB Bach khoa, H. 2013. Mit si bién php bai dung... (Tiép theo trang 88) Tailigu tham khio 1. Dinh Quang Bao. “Giai phép 46i mdi phuong the ‘dao tgo nhim nang cao chat lugng doi nga gido vien”. Tap chi Gido duc, s6 105 thang 01/2005, trang 8-10. 2. Ngo Xuan Dau. “Seminar cin thiét cho d6i méi phuong phap day va hoc 6 dai hoc”. Tap chi Dai hoc vad gido duc chuyén nghigp, s6 5/2000, trang 19-21 3. Huynh Mong Tuyén - Trin Trung Higu, “Tra 1oi ‘cau hdi trong qué trinh hoc tap cia sinh vien nganh Gio duc tiéu hoe Truong Dai hoc Déng Thap". Tap chi Khoa hoc - Trung Dai hoe Bong Thap, s69/ | 6/2014, trang 22-27. 86| Tap ¢ o duc S6 DACB (Thang 1012015) | | i