TOOLS AND

MATERIALS USED IN
COMMERCIAL LESSON 1
REFRIGERATION AND
AIR-CONDITIONING
 A. COPPER TUBE
Commercial Refrigeration and Airconditioning
 Copper Tubing
• Carries the refrigerant to various components
• The most common materials in the refrigeration piping
circuit.
• Used to connect the major parts of the refrigeration
system
a. evaporator coil,
b. Compressor,
c. Condenser coil
d. Expansion valve,
 COPPER TUBING
• 1/8 inch to ¾ inch of a diameter.
• The end are capped or plugged
to keep the inside of the tubing
clean and dry.
• Soft and Hard types.
 Three (3) Types
• Type K tubing is used for heavy duty purpose because
of its thick wall.

• Type L tubing is used for Six interior plumbing and

heating. It is the common types used in HVAC system.

• Type M is used for light duty work

 1. Soft Copper Tubing
• Used in domestic and some commercial
refrigeration and air conditioning work,
• Easy to bend and flare.
• Being bendable, this tubing must be
supported by suitable brackets or clamp
in installation,
• Used with flared and soft soldering
fittings.
• It is also sold in rolls of 1, 35, and 50 ft
long.
 2. Hard Drawn Copper Tubing
• Used in commercial refrigeration and
air conditioning applications.
• Being
hard and stiff, it needs few
clamps to support it in installation.
• Should not be bent so use straight
lengths and fitting to form the
necessary tube connection.
• Silver brazed to eliminate leaks.
 3. SteelTubing
• Thin wall tubing used in
refrigeration and air conditioning
work,
• Its size is practically the same as
that of copper tubing,
• Connections made on steel tubing
by using either flare joints or silver
brazed joints.
 4. Stainless SteelTubing
• Strong type of tubing
• Very resistant to corrosion.
• Easily connected to fitting by
either flaring or brazing because
of this qualities,
• Required in food processing, ice,
oven, manufacture, milk handling
system, and similar works
 5. Plastic Tubing
• Strong type of tubing
• Very resistant to corrosion.
• Easily connected to fitting by
either flaring or brazing because
of this qualities,
• Required in food processing, ice,
oven, manufacture, milk handling
system, and similar works
 6. Flexible Tubing (hose)

• Commonly used tubing in suction lines in many

refrigeration system and in commercial air conditioning
application.
• This type serves to prevent vibration in the mechanism.
• Air conditioning equipment for a motor vehicle requires
the use of flexible tubing since the vehicle is always
moving.
 7. Aluminum Tubing
•Used for evaporating units in air
conditioning for home and auto-mobile.
•Used for evaporator (freezer) of the
domestic refrigerators.
•Special type of treatment for soldering or
brazing is needed.
A device used to connect tubes of different
widths and lengths.
 1. Flare Tube Fitting
• Usedin flared type connection to attach fittings in
copper tubing.
• There
are many different fittings which are
hexagonal in shape for wrench attachment.
• These threaded fittings must be carefully handled to
prevent damage.
• All fittings used are based on the tubing size.
 2. Flare Hose
Fitting
•Assorted
nylon
fittings
suitable to
refrigerant
hoses.
3. Soldered or Brazed Tube Fitting
•Used in most tubing and fitting
connections that are either by soldering or
silver brazing.
•Soldered joints are used for water pipes
and drains.
•Silver brazed joints are used for refrigerant
pipes and fittings.
 Functions:
1. To absorb system contaminants (water)
2. To provide physical filtration
Soldered Type Filter Drier
Used to secure the flared
tubing's tapered end to
the also tapered fitting,
A device used
producing to connect tubes of different
a pressure-
widths and lengths.
resistant, leak-tight seal.
A protection
device used in
the compressor
A device used to connect tubes of different
circuit onwidths
your and lengths.
refrigerator
A protection
device used in the
compressor
circuit onused
A device yourto connect tubes of different
widths and lengths.
refrigerator.