SURYADATTA NATIONAL SCHOOL

A.Y. 2023- 24
STANDARD XI CHEMISTRY JOURNAL

INDEX
EXPT TITLE OF EXPERIMENT DAT PAGE
NO E NO
18 To identify the acid and basic radicals present in the given salt.
Acidic radical is Cl- and Basic radical is Fe3+
19 To identify the acid and basic radicals present in the given salt.
Acidic radical is NO3- and Basic radical is Ba2+

EXPERIMENT NO 18
AIM : To identify the acid and basic radicals present in the given salt.

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

(I) Preliminary Tests Dark brown or yellowish Fe3+ May be present
a) Colour brown
b) Odour No Characteristics odour NH4+ or CH3COO- may be
absent
c) Nature Non Deliquescence Chlorides, nitrates of Cu2+,
Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Cr3+ etc.
may be present
d) state crystalline Water soluble salts
containing Na , K , NH4 , Cl-,
+ + +

Br-, I-, NO3-, SO42- etc. may be

present
(II) Dry Heating Test
Heat a small amount of salt Coloured residue Cu2+, Ni2+, Cr3+ , Fe2+ may be
in a dry test tube. present
DRY TESTS FOR ANION
Idenification of Acid radical
(a) Dil. H2SO4 Test :
Take a small amount of salt CO32- , SO3-2, NO2-1, S-2 and
in dry test tube. Add 1-2 ml No characteristics reaction acetate ion (CH3COO-1) may
of dil. H2SO4 in it. be absent.
 (b) Conc. H2SO4 Test :
Take a small amount of salt Colourless pungent gas Cl- may be present.
in dry test tube. Add 1-2 ml evolved. Forms dense white
of conc. in it and heat. fumes when a glass rod
dipped in NH4OH is brought
near the mouth of the test
tube
2 drops of OS + 2 drops of Curdy white pale yellow ppt Cl-, Br-, I- present
AgNO3 insoluble in HNO3
(V) Confirmation of Acid
radical : Yellowish green gas which
-
a) 2 drops OS + MnO2 + 2 turns moist starch iodide Cl confirmed
drops conc. H2SO4 paper blue

b) 2 drops OS + 2 drops lead White ppt soluble in hot Cl- confirmed

acetate water

PREPRATION OF ORIGINAL SOLUTION (O.S.)

One spoon salt + 2 test tube D/W, Stir well, heat it if necessary till the salt completely dissoves.
Use this solution as OS.

WET TESTS FOR CATION

Divided into 3 parts

1. Detection of group
2. Group analysis
3. Confirmatory test

Use only 1ml of OS for each tests.

(VI) Identification of basic

radical :

Take OS + NaOH in clean dry No characteristics smell and

test tube and heat. Bring a dense white fumes of Zero group absent
glass rod dipped in HCl near NH4OH
the mouth of the test tube
OS + dil HCl No ppt Group I absent.
OS + dil HCl + pass H2S gas No ppt Group II absent
OS + solid NH4Cl + NH4OH in Reddish brown ppt is Group III present
excess formed
(VI) Confirmation test for
cation :
Dissolve the ppt in dil. HCl
Divide into 2 parts
a) Potassium
ferrocyanide test :
1 part of solution + 2 drops Blue ppt or colour Fe 3+ confirmed.
of potassium ferrocyanide
K4[Fe(CN)6]

b) Potassium
sulphocyanide/
thiocyanate test : Red colour Fe 3+ confirmed.
1 part of solution + 2 drops
of potassium sulphocyanide
or potassium thiocyanate

RESULT :

1) Acidic radical = Cl- (Chloride)

2) Basic radical = Fe3+ (Ferric)

The given salt is Ferric Chloride [FeCl3]

EXPERIMENT NO 19

AIM : To identify the acid and basic radicals present in the given salt.

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Preliminary Tests May be Ca2+, Zn2+, Al3+Ba2+,
Colour White Mg2+, Pb2+, NH4+ may be present
Odour No characteristic odour NH4+ or CH3COO- may be absent
state crystalline Water soluble salts containing
Na+, K+, NH4+, Cl-, Br-, I-, NO3-, SO42-
etc. may be present
Dry Heating Test Cu2+, Ni2+, Cr3+ , Fe2+ may be
Heat a small amount of salt White residue absent
in a dry test tube.
DRY TESTS FOR ANION
Idenification of Acid radical No characteristics CO3- absent
Dil. H2SO4 Test : reaction
Take a small amount of salt
in dry test tube. Add 1-2 ml
of dil. H2SO4in it.

Conc. H2SO4 Test : Brown gas evolved on

Take a small amount of salt heating which intensify NO3- present.
in dry test tube. Add 1-2 ml on adding Cu turnings
of conc. in it and heat.
Confirmation of Acid
radical : Brown ring at the
Brown Ring Test junction of two layers NO3- confirmed
drops OS + FeSO4 solution +
conc. H2SO4 along the sides
of the test tube

PREPRATION OF ORIGINAL SOLUTION (O.S.)

1g of salt + 5ml of distilled water, Stir well, heat it if necessary till the salt completely dissoves.
Use this solution as OS.

Group detection
Take OS + NaOH in clean dry No characteristics smell and
test tube and heat. Bring a dense white fumes of Zero group absent
glass rod dipped in HCl near NH4OH
the mouth of the test tube
OS + dilHCl No white ppt Group I absent.
OS + dilHCl + pass H2S gas No ppt is formed Group II absent
OS + solid NH4Cl + NH4OH in No ppt Group III absent
excess
OS + solid NH4Cl + NH4OH in No ppt Group IV absent
excess+ pass H2S gas
OS + solid NH4Cl + NH4OH in White ppt Group V present
excess+ (NH4)2CO3

Confirmation test for cation

:
OS + K2CrO4 (Potassium yellow ppt Ba2+ present
chromate) solution
RESULT :

3) Acidic radical = NO3-

4) Basic radical = Ba2+

The given salt is Magnesium Sulphate[Ba(NO3)2]