Chemistry 10th Edition Whitten Test Bank Download

Solution Manual for Chemistry 10th Edition by Whitten
ISBN 1133610668 9781133610663

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Chapter 5—Chemical Periodicity
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. According to the periodic law the properties of elements repeat at regular intervals when the elements
are arranged in order of
a. their increasing atomic mass.
b. their increasing atomic size.
c. their increasing number of neutrons in the nucleus.
d. their increasing number of isotopes.
e. their increasing number of protons in the nucleus.
ANS: E
OBJ: Understand the periodic law.
TOP: More About the Periodic Table
2. Which electrons have the greatest influence on the properties of elements?

a. those electrons in s orbitals
b. those electrons in d orbitals
c. core electrons
d. the outermost electrons
e. none of these
ANS: D
OBJ: Understand the importance of the outermost electrons in chemistry.
3. Of the following, which element does not match its designation?

a. 38Sr / representative metal
b. 49In / representative nonmetal
c. 14Si / metalloid
d. 42Mo / d-transition metal
e. 90Th / f-transition metal
ANS: B
OBJ: Classify an element.
4. Of the following, which periodic group(s) do not match their designation?
Whitten 10e Test Bank 1

a. d-transition metals / IIIB  IIB
b. representative metals / IA, IIA
c. noble gases / VIIIB
d. alkaline earth metals / IIA
e. halogens / VIIA
ANS: C
OBJ: Match the family of elements with the group number(s).

5. ____ is a d-transition metal.
a. Cr
b. Ga
c. Sn
d. Sb
e. Li
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify a d-transition metal.
6. ____ is a noble gas.

a. 22Ti
b. 42Mo
c. 81Tl
d. 54Xe
e. 92U
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify a noble gas.
7. ____ is an actinide.
a. 22Ti
b. 42Mo
c. 81Tl
d. 36Kr
e. 93Np
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify an actinide.
8. Which one of the following is an inner transition (f-transition) element?

a. Rb
b. Ho
c. Co
d. Ru
e. Bi
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify an inner transition element.
9. Which of the following is not a representative element?

a. Cl
b. Sr
c. Co
d. K
e. N
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the element that is least representative of a family.

10. Choose the response that includes all of the listed elements that are d-transition elements, and no
others.
I. 22Ti
II. 42Mo
III. 81Tl
IV. 36Kr
V. 92U
a. I and II
b. II and III
c. III and IV
d. IV and V
e. I, III, and V
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify d-transition metals.
11. What would be the outer electron configuration of group VIA (O, S, Se, . . .)?
a. ns2np6
b. ns2np2
c. ns2np4
d. np6
e. ns0np6
ANS: C
OBJ: Determine the electron configuration beyond the noble gas core given the group number.
12. What would be the outer electron configuration of group IIIB (Sc, Y, La . . .)?
a. ns2nd2np0
b. nd1ns2
c. ns2(n  1)d1
d. ns1np3
e. (n  1)d1ns2
ANS: E
13. What would be the outer electron configuration of alkaline earth metals?
a. ns2np2
b. np2
c. ns0np2
d. nd2
e. ns2
ANS: E

14. Choose the term that best describes all members of this series of elements:
Xe, Rn, He, Ne, Kr
a. metalloids
b. noble gases
c. alkaline earth metals
d. alkali metals
e. representative elements
ANS: B
OBJ: Classify a group of elements.
15. Which of the following statements is false?

a. The effective nuclear charge experienced by an electron in an outer shell is less than the
actual nuclear charge.
b. Within a family (vertical group in the periodic table) of representative elements atomic
radii increase from top to bottom.
c. Electrons in inner shells screen, or shield, electrons in outer shells from the full effect of
the nuclear charge.
d. The atomic radii of representative elements decrease from left to right across a period
(horizontal row in the periodic table).
e. Transition elements have larger atomic radii than the preceding IA and IIA elements in the
same period because transition elements have electrons in their d orbitals.
ANS: E
OBJ: Understand the term effective nuclear charge. | Understand the term shielding. | Understand the
general relationship between atomic radii and nuclear charge. TOP: Atomic Radii
16. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

a. Al
b. Si
c. P
d. S
e. Cl
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the atom with the largest radius.
TOP: Atomic Radii

a. B
b. Al
c. Ga
d. In
e. Tl
ANS: E
TOP: Atomic Radii

a. At
b. Pb
c. As
d. Sn
e. Xe
ANS: B
TOP: Atomic Radii

a. Ga
b. In
c. Ge
d. P
e. O
ANS: B
TOP: Atomic Radii

a. 3Li
b. 11Na
c. 37Rb
d. 9F
e. 53I
ANS: C
TOP: Atomic Radii

a. F
b. Cl
c. Sn
d. Kr
e. Se
ANS: C
TOP: Atomic Radii

a. Ca
b. Sr
c. Cr
d. P
e. Na
ANS: B
TOP: Atomic Radii

a. 9F
b. 16S
c. 11Na
d. 28Ni
e. 37Rb
ANS: E
TOP: Atomic Radii
24. Which element has the smallest radius?

a. Na
b. Mg
c. Al
d. Si
e. P
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the atom with the smallest radius.
TOP: Atomic Radii

a. F
b. Cl
c. Br
d. I
e. At
ANS: A
TOP: Atomic Radii

a. Mo
b. Au
c. Bi
d. In
e. Te
ANS: E
TOP: Atomic Radii

a. K
b. Na
c. Rb
d. Mg
e. Cl
ANS: E
TOP: Atomic Radii

28. Arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii.
Sr, Rb, Sb, I, In
a. Rb < Sr < In < Sb < I

b. I < Sb < In < Rb < Sr
c. In < Sb < I < Sr < Rb
d. Sb < I < In < Sr < Rb
e. I < Sb < In < Sr < Rb
ANS: E
OBJ: Arrange the atoms according to size (five atoms).
TOP: Atomic Radii
29. Arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii.

K, Na, Mg, Cs, Cl
a. Na < Mg < Cl < K < Cs

b. Cl < Mg < Na < K < Cs
c. Cs < K < Cl < Mg < Na
d. Cl < Mg < Cs < K < Na
e. Cl < Mg < Na < Cs < K
ANS: B
TOP: Atomic Radii
30. Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing atomic radii.

Pb, P, Cl, F, Si
a. Cl > F > Pb > Si > P

b. Pb > Si > P > F > Cl
c. Pb > Si > P > Cl > F
d. Pb > Cl > P > Si > F
e. Pb > Cl > P > Si > F
ANS: C
TOP: Atomic Radii
31. As we move across the periodic table from left to right, atoms become smaller due to
a. increasing effective nuclear charge.
b. the p orbitals being filled.
c. electron-electron repulsions.
d. shell size increases.
e. none of these.
ANS: A
OBJ: Understand the effects of nuclear charge on atom size.
TOP: Atomic Radii

32. The minimum energy required to remove the most loosely held electron is
a. first ionization energy.
b. electron affinity
c. potential energy
d. kinetic energy
e. electronegativity.
ANS: A
OBJ: Define first ionization energy.
TOP: Ionization Energy
33. The first ionization energy of sulfur is less than that of phosphorus. A reasonable explanation for this
fact involves
a. the stability of the half-filled subshell in atomic sulfur.
b. pairing of two electrons in one 3p orbital in sulfur atoms.
c. the smaller size of sulfur atoms relative to phosphorus atoms.
d. the ease with which phosphorus attains a noble gas electronic configuration.
e. the higher electronegativity of sulfur relative to phosphorus.
ANS: B
OBJ: Understand the causes of differences between ionization energies.
34. Which element has the lowest first ionization energy?

a. F
b. Cl
c. Br
d. I
e. At
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the atom with the lowest ionization energy.

a. Cs
b. Rb
c. Ca
d. Ba
e. Na
ANS: A

a. F
b. B
c. O
d. S
e. Sr
ANS: E

a. Be
b. B
c. C
d. N
e. O
ANS: B
DIF: Harder Question
38. Which element has the highest first ionization energy?

a. B
b. Al
c. Ga
d. In
e. Tl
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the atom with the highest ionization energy.

a. Sn
b. Cd
c. As
d. Tc
e. Cl
ANS: E

a. Li
b. Cs
c. Cl
d. I
e. Ar
ANS: E

a. Be
b. B
c. C
d. N
e. O
ANS: D

42. Arrange the following elements in order of increasing first ionization energy.
Mg, Al, Si, P, S
a. Al < Mg < Si < S < P

b. Mg < Al < Si < P < S
c. Al < Mg < Si < P < S
d. Mg < Al < Si < S < P
e. Al < Mg < P < Si < S
ANS: A
OBJ: Arrange the atoms according to ionization energy (five atoms).
43. Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing first ionization energy.
Rb, In, Sn, Sb, As
a. Sb > Sn > In > As > Rb

b. As > In > Sn > Sb > Rb
c. Rb > As > Sb > Sn > In
d. As > Sb > Sn > In > Rb
e. As > Sn > Sb > In > Rb
ANS: D
Be, Ca, Cs, Mg, K
a. Mg > Be > Ca > K > Cs

b. Be > Mg > Ca > K > Cs
c. Cs > K > Ca > Be > Mg
d. Ca > Mg > Be > Cs > K
e. Ca > Mg > Be > K > Cs
ANS: B
F, Be, O, N, C
a. F > O > N > C > Be

b. Be > C > O > N > F
c. F > N > O > C > Be
d. O > F > N > Be > C
e. Be > C > N > O > F
ANS: C

46. Which equation below depicts the reaction from which the first ionization energy would be
determined?
a. Ca(g)  Ca+(g) + e
b. Ca(s)  Ca+(g) + e
c. Ca(s) + e  Ca-(g)
d. Ca(g)  Ca2+ + e
e. None of these
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify a chemical equation representing the first ionization energy of an atom.
47. The amount of energy absorbed in the process in which an electron is added to a neutral gaseous atom
is defined as ____.
a. shielding effect
b. electronegativity
c. electron affinity
d. first ionization energy
e. standard reduction potential
ANS: C
OBJ: Know the definition of electron affinity.
TOP: Electron Affinity
48. Which of the following elements has the most negative electron affinity?
a. Si
b. P
c. S
d. Se
e. Te
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the atom with the most negative electron affinity.
49. Which of the following elements has the most negative electron affinity?
a. As
b. Al
c. K
d. Se
e. Sn
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the atom with the most negative electron affinity.
50. The general electron configuration for the element group that would have the largest negative value for
the electron affinity for its atoms is ____?
a. ns2np6
b. ns2np4
c. ns1
d. ns2np5
e. ns2np3

ANS: D
OBJ: Determine the electron configuration beyond the noble gas core for the group of elements with
the most negative electron affinity.
51. Arrange the following elements in order of increasing values of electron affinity, i.e., from most
negative to least negative. (Note: None of these elements is an exception to the general trends of
electron affinities.)
Cl, Se, S, Cs, Rb, Te
a. Cl < S < Se < Rb < Te < Cs

b. Cl > Te > Se > S > Rb > Cs
c. Cl > Se > S > Te > Rb > Cs
d. Cl < S < Se < Te < Cs < Rb
e. Cl < S < Se < Te < Rb < Cs
ANS: E
OBJ: Arrange the atoms according to electron affinities (five atoms).
52. Which of the following statements about ionization energy and electron affinity is true?
a. Elements with very high ionization energies usually have very negative electron affinities.
b. IE1 and EA are equal in value but with the sign reversed.
c. It is very easy to measure both IE and EA values.
d. Elements with low IE, as well as very negative EA, tend to form cations easily.
e. All of these statements are true.
ANS: A
OBJ: Understand both electron affinity and ionization energy.
53. Which one of the following species is not isoelectronic with neon?
a. Mg2+
b. Na+
c. O2
d. Si2+
e. Al3+
ANS: D
OBJ: Determine all atoms or ions which are isoelectronic.
TOP: Ionic Radii
54. Which one of the following pairs contains isoelectronic species?

a. Na / Na+
b. S / Se
c. S2 / Se2
d. F2 / Cl2
e. Na+ / O2
ANS: E
OBJ: Determine atoms or ion pair which are isoelectronic.
TOP: Ionic Radii

55. Which of the following ions is not isoelectronic with the others?
a. I
b. Sb3+
c. Te2
d. Ba2+
e. Cs+
ANS: B
TOP: Ionic Radii
56. Which of the following ions is not isoelectronic with a noble gas?
a. Mg2+
b. P2
c. Cs+
d. Se2
e. Ba2+
ANS: B
TOP: Ionic Radii
57. Which ion has the largest radius?

a. O2
b. S2
c. Se2
d. Te2
e. Po2
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the ion with the largest radius.
TOP: Ionic Radii

a. F
b. Cl
c. Br
d. I
e. At
ANS: E
TOP: Ionic Radii

a. Li+
b. Na+
c. Be2+
d. Mg2+
e. Al3+
ANS: B
TOP: Ionic Radii

60. Simple positively charged ions are always ____ than the neutral atoms from which they are formed.
a. smaller
b. larger
c. isoelectronic
d. the same size
e. more anionic
ANS: A
OBJ: Understand the relationship between the ionic radii and atomic radius of an atom.
TOP: Ionic Radii
61. Which ion has the smallest radius?

a. F
b. Cl
c. Br
d. I
e. At
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the ion with the smallest radius.
TOP: Ionic Radii

a. O2
b. S2
c. Se2
d. Te2
e. Po2
ANS: A
TOP: Ionic Radii

a. As3
b. Se2
c. Br
d. Rb+
e. Sr2+
ANS: E
TOP: Ionic Radii

a. K+
b. Cs+
c. Sr2+
d. Ba2+
e. Tl3+
ANS: E
TOP: Ionic Radii

65. Which ion or atom has the largest radius?
a. S
b. S2
c. Se
d. Se2
e. Br
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the ion or atom with the largest radius.
TOP: Ionic Radii
66. Which ion or atom has the largest radius?

a. Sr2+
b. Rb+
c. Kr
d. Br
e. Se2
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the ion or atom with the largest radius.
TOP: Ionic Radii
67. Arrange the following set of ions in order of increasing ionic radii.
Ca2+, Cl, K+, P3, S2
a. Ca2+ < K+ < P3 < S2 < Cl

b. Ca2+ < K+ < Cl < S2 < P3
c. K+ < Cl < Ca2+ < S2 < P3
d. Cl < S2 < P3 < Ca2+ < K+
e. P3 < S2 < Cl < K+ < Ca2+
ANS: B
OBJ: Arrange the ions according to size (five ions).
TOP: Ionic Radii
68. Arrange the following set of ions in order of decreasing ionic radii.
Al3+, Ga3+, Ca2+, Rb+, K+
a. Rb+ > Ga3+ > Ca2+ > K+ > Al3+

b. Rb+ > K+ > Ca2+ > Al3+ > Ga3+
c. Ga3+ > Al3+ > Ca2+ > Rb+ > K+
d. Rb+ > Ca2+ > K+ > Ga3+ > Al3+
e. Rb+ > K+ > Ca2+ > Ga3+ > Al3+
ANS: E
OBJ: Arrange the ions according to size (five ions).
TOP: Ionic Radii
69. Which of the lists of increasing ionic radii is not correct?

a. Cl < Br < I
b. Al3+ < Mg2+ < Na+
c. Ca2+ < Sr2+ < Ba2+
d. S2 < Cl < K+
e. Na+ < O2 < N3

ANS: D
OBJ: Find the ions not arranged according to size (three ions).
TOP: Ionic Radii
70. Which of these comparisons according to radius is (are) correct?

I. Na+ > Mg2+
II. In3+ > Sr2+
III. Cl > K+
IV. Cl > K
a. I and II
b. II and IV
c. I and III
d. II and III
e. III and IV
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the correct atom or ion size comparisons (two atoms or ions).
TOP: Ionic Radii
71. A property that measures the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond is
a. binding energy.
b. mass defect.
c. electron affinity.
d. ionization energy.
e. electronegativity.
ANS: E
OBJ: Define electronegativity.
TOP: Electronegativity
72. Which element has the lowest electronegativity?

a. H
b. Li
c. Na
d. K
e. Cs
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the atom with the lowest electronegativity.

a. Mg
b. Na
c. Rb
d. Y
e. Sc
ANS: C

a. K
b. Ca
c. Ga
d. Ge
e. As
ANS: A

a. S
b. Sc
c. Sr
d. Se
e. Si
ANS: C
76. Which element has the highest electronegativity?

a. C
b. Si
c. Ge
d. Sn
e. Pb
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the atom with the highest electronegativity.

a. 3Li
b. 7N
c. 19K
d. 33As
e. 56Ba
ANS: B

a. B
b. Ge
c. Ca
d. O
e. At
ANS: D

a. N
b. Si
c. As
d. P
e. C
ANS: A
80. Arrange the following elements in order of increasing electronegativities.

Mg, Ra, P, Cl, Al
a. Mg < Ra < P < Al < Cl

b. Ra < Mg < Al < P < Cl
c. Mg < Ra < P < Cl <Al
d. Al < P < Cl < Mg < Ra
e. Al < P < Cl < Ra < Mg
ANS: B
OBJ: Arrange the atoms according to electronegativities (five atoms).
81. Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing electronegativities.

Al, Cs, Mg, Na, P
a. P > Al > Mg > Na > Cs

b. Cs > Na > Mg > Al > P
c. Al > Mg > Na > Cs > P
d. P > Al > Mg > Cs > Na
e. P > Cs > Na > Mg > Al
ANS: A
OBJ: Arrange the atoms according to electronegativities (five atoms).
82. Which comparison of electronegativities is not correct?

a. Br > Se
b. K > Mg
c. O > S
d. N > Be
e. I > Ba
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the incorrect electronegativity comparison (two atoms).
83. Which comparison of electronegativities is not correct?

a. Ge > Ga
b. Ba > Cs
c. O > N
d. F > Cl
e. B > C

ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the incorrect electronegativity comparison (two atoms).
84. Which of these elements has the greatest attraction for electrons in a covalent bond?
a. Ge
b. As
c. Se
d. Br
e. Kr
ANS: D
85. Which of the following pairs of elements would be expected to form an ionic compound?
a. S / F
b. H / C
c. Rb / Cl
d. As / Br
e. C / I
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the atom pair most likely to form an ionic compound.
86. Which pair of elements below would be least likely to form an ionic bond between them?
a. Na / S
b. C / N
c. Al / F
d. Mg / Br
e. Cs / O
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the atom pair most likely to form a covalent compound.
87. Chlorine is most likely to form an ionic compound with ____.

a. F
b. O
c. C
d. N
e. Li
ANS: E
88. Iodine is most likely to form an ionic compound with ____.

a. B
b. Si
c. Cl
d. N
e. Mg

ANS: E
89. Which one of the following reactions does not produce H2(g)?
a. electrolysis of H2O
b. zinc with HCl(aq)
c. combustion of ethane, C2H6
d. iron with steam
e. steam cracking of hydrocarbons
ANS: C
OBJ: Recognize the reactions that produce hydrogen.
TOP: Hydrogen and the Hydrides
90. Which of the following statements about hydrogen is false?

a. Hydrogen occurs as a diatomic molecule.
b. Hydrogen can be produced by the reaction of an active metal and HCl(aq).
c. NH3, the binary hydride of nitrogen, is called ammonia.
d. Hydrogen forms only molecular compounds.
e. Metal hydrides are basic.
ANS: D
OBJ: Know the qualitative chemical facts about hydrogen.
91. Which pair of gases is the product of the "water gas reaction"?
a. H2O + H2
b. CO + H2O
c. O2 + H2O
d. CO + H2
e. H2 + O2
ANS: D
OBJ: Know the products of the water gas reaction.
92. Which one of the following reactions is the "water gas" reaction?
a. C(s) + H2O(g) CO(g) + H2(g)
b. 2CH4(g) + 3O2(g) 2CO(g) + 4H2O(g)
c. CH4(g) C(s) + 2H2(g)
d. 2Na(s) + 2H2O  2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
e. C4H10(g) 2C2H2(g) + 3H2(g)
ANS: A
OBJ: Know the chemical equation for the water gas reaction.

93. Which one of the following (pure) compounds of hydrogen is ionic?
a. HF
b. HCl
c. NaH
d. H2O
e. H2Se
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the ionic compound.
94. Which one of the following is an ionic hydride?

a. CH4
b. H2Se
c. AsH3
d. BaH2
e. B2H6
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the ionic compound.
95. Which of the following responses lists only the molecular hydrides?
I. LiH
II. B2H6
III. GeH4
IV. HCl
V. BaH2
a. I
b. I, V
c. II, III
d. II, III, IV
e. I, II, V
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the covalent (molecular) hydrides.
96. Which one of the following is a molecular hydride?

a. RbH
b. SrH2
c. KH
d. PH3
e. MgH2
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the covalent (molecular) hydride.

97. Which of the following is incorrectly classified?
a. KH / ionic hydride
b. CH4 / ionic hydride
c. HI / molecular hydride
d. CsH / ionic hydride
e. H2S / molecular hydride
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the incorrect compound classification.
98. Which response includes all the elements below whose compounds with hydrogen would be expected
to be molecular hydrides, and no others?
Br, K, P, B
a. K, B
b. Br, P
c. K, Br
d. Br, P, B
e. Br
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the elements which produce covalent (molecular) hydrides.
99. Which one of the following hydrides is basic?

a. H2Te
b. B2H6
c. CaH2
d. HI
e. CH4
ANS: C
OBJ: Classify a hydride as basic, acidic, or neutral.
100. Which one of the following hydrides is not acidic?

a. HF
b. HCl
c. H2S
d. CaH2
e. H2Se
ANS: D
101. What would be the general balanced equation for the reaction of the ionic hydride MH2 with excess
water?
a. MH2(s) + H2O  MOH(aq) + H2(g)
b. MH2(s) + H2O  MO(s) + 2H2(g)
c. MH2(s) + H2O  MH2(s) + H2O(g)
d. MH2(s) + 2H2O  M(OH)2(aq) + 2H2(g)
e. MH2(s) + 3H2O  MO(s) + 4H2(g) + O2(g)

ANS: D
OBJ: Know the products of reaction between an ionic hydride and water.
102. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of nitrogen with hydrogen at high
temperature and pressure. What is the sum of the coefficients? (Do not forget coefficients of one.) Use
the smallest whole number coefficients.
a. 6
b. 7
c. 8
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: A
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a nonmetal with hydrogen. | Sum the
coefficients.
103. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of magnesium with hydrogen at high
temperature. What is the sum of the coefficients? (Do not forget coefficients of one.) Use the smallest
whole number coefficients.
a. 5
b. 6
c. 3
d. 4
e. none of these
ANS: C
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a metal with hydrogen. | Sum the
coefficients.
104. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of magnesium with hydrochloric acid.
What is the sum of the coefficients? (Do not forget coefficients of one.) Use the smallest whole
number coefficients.
a. 5
b. 6
c. 3
d. 4
e. none of these
ANS: A
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a metal with an acid. | Sum the
coefficients.
105. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of sodium hydride with water. What is the
sum of the coefficients in the balanced equation? Use the smallest whole numbers possible. (Do not
forget coefficients of one.)
a. three
b. four
c. five
d. six
e. eight

ANS: B
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of an ionic hydride with water. | Sum the
coefficients.
106. Magnesium hydride is ____.

a. basic
b. neutral
c. acidic
d. inert
e. non-reactive with water
ANS: A
107. Oxygen was discovered by Priestley in 1774 when he observed the ____.
a. electrolysis of water
b. thermal decomposition of mercury(II) oxide, HgO
c. reaction of sulfuric acid, H2SO4, with sodium
d. results of fractional distillation of air
e. the thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate, KClO3
ANS: B
OBJ: Know how Priestley discovered oxygen.
TOP: Oxygen and the Oxides
108. Which of the following statements about oxygen is false?

a. The most common form of oxygen is a diatomic molecule.
b. Ozone is an allotrope of oxygen.
c. Oxygen forms basic metal oxides.
d. Oxygen forms binary compounds with nonmetals called acid anhydrides.
e. Oxygen always forms 2 ions with metals.
ANS: E
OBJ: Know the qualitative chemical facts about oxygen.
109. Which one of the following will not react with oxygen to form a peroxide?
a. Be
b. Ca
c. Sr
d. Ba
e. all of these form peroxides
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the element which will not form a peroxide.

110. Which statement does not accurately describe ozone?
a. Its molecules are angular.
b.
Its density is about 1 times that of O2.
c. Its two oxygenoxygen bond lengths are 1.23 Å and 1.48 Å.
d. It is unstable.
e. It is a very strong oxidizing agent.
ANS: C
OBJ: Know the structure, physical properties, and reactivity of ozone.
111. Which of the following anions represents a peroxide?

a. O
b. O2
c. O2
d. O22
e. O3
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the peroxide ion.
112. Which one of the following compounds is a superoxide?

a. Na2O2
b. SrO
c. KO2
d. Li2O
e. Cl2O7
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the superoxide.
113. What is the principal product of the reaction of sodium with oxygen?
a. NaO
b. Na2O
c. Na2O2
d. NaO2
e. Na2O3
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the principal product of reaction of sodium and oxygen.
114. Which one of the following does not represent correctly the major product formed by the reaction of
an alkali metal with oxygen at ordinary temperatures and pressures?
a. Li2O2
b. Na2O2
c. KO2
d. RbO2
e. CsO2

ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the incorrect principal product of an alkali metal and oxygen reaction.
115. Which of the following statements about binary oxides is false?

a. Basic oxides are molecular.
b. Some oxides like BeO are amphoteric.
c. Nonmetal oxides are usually acidic.
d. Metal oxides are usually basic.
e. Acid anhydrides are molecular.
ANS: A
OBJ: Know the qualitative chemical facts about binary oxides.
116. Which response includes all the oxides below that are ionic and none that are molecular?
I. Na2O
II. MgO
III. As2O5
IV. SO3
a. II and IV
b. I, II, and III
c. I and II
d. III and IV
e. II and III
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the ionic oxides.
117. Which response contains all the basic oxides listed below and no others?
I. NO
II. CaO
III. Li2O
IV. SO2
V. P4O10
a. I and IV
b. II and IV
c. I, III, and IV
d. IV and V
e. II and III
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the basic oxides.
118. Which of the following oxides is a basic anhydride?

a. N2O
b. P4O6
c. CaO
d. OF2
e. H2O

ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the basic anhydride.
119. Which response includes all of the following oxides that are acid anhydrides?
I. CO2
II. CaO
III. ClO2
IV. Tl2O3
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I and IV
d. II, III, and IV
e. I
ANS: A
OBJ: Identify the acid anhydrides.
120. Which of the following oxides does not give an acidic solution when dissolved in water?
a. SO2
b. CO2
c. N2O5
d. P4O10
e. Na2O
ANS: E
OBJ: Identify the basic anhydride.
121. An amphoteric compound exhibits

a. acidic properties.
b. acidic and basic properties.
c. metallic properties.
d. basic properties.
e. ionic properties.
ANS: B
OBJ: Define amphoteric.
122. Which one of the following oxides is amphoteric?

a. Li2O
b. BeO
c. CO2
d. P4O6
e. Cl2O
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the amphoteric oxide.

123. Which of the following oxides is not amphoteric?
a. Al2O3
b. BeO
c. SnO2
d. Br2O7
e. PbO2
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the non-amphoteric oxide.
124. One of the following oxides is insoluble in water. Which one?

a. CO2
b. N2O5
c. SO2
d. SiO2
e. SO3
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the aqueous insoluble compound.
125. Arrange the following in order of increasing ionic character (most ionic at right).
BaO, SiO2, SO2
a. BaO < SiO2 < SO2

b. SO2 < BaO < SiO2
c. SiO2 < SO2 < BaO
d. BaO < SO2 < SiO2
e. SO2 < SiO2 < BaO
ANS: E
OBJ: Order the compounds with respect to ionic character (three compounds).
126. Arrange the following in order of decreasing basicity.

MgO, Cs2O, Cl2O7, SnO2, P4O10
a. Cs2O > MgO > SnO2 > P4O10 > Cl2O7

b. MgO > Cs2O > P4O10 > SnO2 > Cl2O7
c. Cs2O > SnO2 > MgO > P4O10 > Cl2O7
d. MgO > Cs2O > SnO2 > P4O10 > Cl2O7
e. Cl2O7 > P4O10 > SnO2 > Cs2O > MgO
ANS: A
OBJ: Order the compounds with respect to basic character (five compounds).

127. Arrange the following in order of increasing acidic character (most acidic at the right).
Al2O3, Na2O, N2O5
a. Al2O3 < Na2O < N2O5

b. N2O5 < Al2O3 < Na2O
c. Al2O3 < N2O5 < Na2O
d. Na2O < Al2O3 < N2O5
e. Na2O < N2O5 < Al2O3
ANS: D
OBJ: Order the compounds with respect to acidic character (three compounds).
128. Which one of the following compounds would be expected to react with oxygen at elevated
temperatures to produce both an acidic oxide and a basic oxide?
a. CH4
b. CS2
c. CaS
d. NO
e. H2S
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the compound that combines with oxygen to form acidic and basic oxides.
129. The acid formed by dissolving Cl2O7 in water is ____.

a. HClO
b. HClO2
c. HClO3
d. HClO4
e. HCl
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the acid produced from dissolution of a molecular oxide.
130. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of sodium with oxygen (use the major
product). What is the sum of the coefficients?
a. 2
b. 7
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: D
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a metal with oxygen. | Sum the
coefficients.

131. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of rubidium, Rb, with oxygen (use the
major product). What is the sum of the coefficients?
a. 3
b. 7
c. 8
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: A
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a metal with oxygen. | Sum the
coefficients.
132. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of barium with a limited amount (low
pressure) of oxygen. What is the sum of the coefficients?
a. 2
b. 6
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: E
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a metal with limited oxygen. | Sum the
coefficients.
133. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of barium with an excess (high pressure) of
oxygen. What is the sum of the coefficients?
a. 2
b. 8
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: C
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a metal with excess oxygen. | Sum the
coefficients.
134. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of copper with excess O2 at elevated
temperatures. What is the sum of the coefficients?
a. 6
b. 8
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: E
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a metal with excess oxygen. | Sum the
coefficients.

135. Which of the following metal oxides would not be expected to form under conditions of limited
oxygen?
a. FeO
b. PbO
c. Cu2O
d. CrO3
e. SnO
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the oxide that is unlikely to be formed in limited oxygen.
136. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of arsenic, As4, heated with an excess of
oxygen (The molecular formula for the product is the same as the empirical formula). What is the sum
of the coefficients?
a. 7
b. 8
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: B
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a nonmetal with excess oxygen. | Sum
the coefficients.
137. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of barium oxide with water. What is the
sum of the coefficients?
a. 6
b. 8
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: C
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a metal oxide with water. | Sum the
coefficients.
138. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of lithium oxide with water. What is the
a. 2
b. 6
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: D
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a metal oxide with water. | Sum the
coefficients.

139. Lithium hydroxide is sometimes used to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere of disabled
submarines. Write the balanced formula unit equation for this reaction if the products are lithium
carbonate and water. What is the sum of the coefficients?
a. 7
b. 6
c. 5
d. 4
e. 8
ANS: C
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation given the reactants and products. | Sum the coefficients.
140. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of dichlorine heptoxide with water. What is
the sum of the coefficients?
a. 7
b. 8
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: D
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a nonmetal oxide with water. | Sum the
coefficients.
141. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of dinitrogen pentoxide with water. What is
the sum of the coefficients?
a. 6
b. 8
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: D
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of a nonmetal oxide with water. | Sum the
coefficients.
142. Octane, C8H18, is a major component of gasoline. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the
reaction of the complete combustion of octane. What is the sum of the coefficients?
a. 49
b. 73
c. 17
d. 61
e. 30
ANS: D
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the combustion of a hydrocarbon in excess oxygen. |
Sum the coefficients.

143. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of the complete combustion of ethane,
C2H6. What is the sum of the coefficients?
a. 19
b. 16
c. 17
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: A
144. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of the complete combustion of pentane,
C5H12. What is the sum of the coefficients?
a. 16
b. 19
c. 20
d. 21
e. 22
ANS: C
145. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of nitrogen oxide with oxygen. What is the
a. 3
b. 6
c. 8
d. 4
e. 5
ANS: E
OBJ: Write a balanced chemical equation for the combustion of a nonmetal oxide. | Sum the
coefficients.
146. Most of the air pollution resulting from combustion of (non-lead-containing) fossil fuels is due to
oxides of ____.
a. N, P, and S
b. C, N, and S
c. C, P, and S
d. P and C
e. P, C, and N
ANS: B
OBJ: Know the oxides that result from the combustion of fossil fuels.

147. Combustion of fossil fuels and the roasting of metal ores often both produce oxides of
a. P
b. N
c. S
d. Si
e. C
ANS: C
OBJ: Know the oxides that result from the combustion of fossil fuels and roasting of ores.
148. The brownish color of photochemical smog is due to ____.

a. CO
b. NO2
c. NO
d. SO2
e. SO3
ANS: B
OBJ: Know the components of smog.
149. Combustion of fossil fuels contaminated with sulfur leads to what phenomena?
a. greenhouse effect
b. global warming
c. ozone destruction
d. photochemical smog
e. acid rain
ANS: E
OBJ: Know the effect of sulfur contamination in fossil fuels.
150. The two acids that are major contributors to "acid rain" are ____.
a. H2CO3 and HNO3
b. H2SO4 and H3PO4
c. H2CO3 and H2SO4
d. H2SO4 and HNO3
e. H3PO4 and HNO3
ANS: D
OBJ: Identify the acids which contribute to acid rain.
151. The ground-state valence-shell configuration of a particular atom is 4s24p6. This valence-shell
electron configuration identifies the atom as
a. a noble gas.
b. a d-transition element.
c. an f-transition element.
d. an s-block representative element.
e. a p-block representative element.

ANS: A
DIF: easy
OBJ: Classify a group of elements based on thier valence shell electron configuration.
152. An element that has the same ground state valence-shell electron configuration as silicon is
a. lead.
b. argon.
c. lithium.
d. magnesium.
e. gallium.
ANS: A
DIF: easy
OBJ: Determine the configuration of an atom using the period and group numbers.
TOP: electronic structure of atoms
153. Rank the following atoms in order of the largest to smallest atomic radius: Se, K, As, Rb.
a. Rb > K > As > Se

b. K > Rb > As > Se
c. As > K > Rb > Se
d. K > As > Se > Rb
e. Rb > As > K > Se
ANS: A
DIF: moderate
OBJ: Arrange the atoms according to size (four atoms).
TOP: Atomic Radii
154. The change in energy for which of the following processes corresponds to the first ionization
energy of magnesium?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
ANS: A
DIF: easy
OBJ: Identify the equation depicting the first ionization of an element.
155. An atom of which of the following elements has the largest second ionization energy?
a. Cs
b. At
c. Po
d. Pb
e. Ba

ANS: A
DIF: moderate
OBJ: Identify the element with the largest second ionization energy.
156. Which of the following form the most stable anion in the gas phase?
a. Cl (electron affinity = -349 kJ/mol)

b. As (electron affinity = -77 kJ/mol)
c. P (electron affinity = -72 kJ/mol)
d. Al (electron affinity = -44 kJ/mol)
e. Na (electron affinity = -53 kJ/mol)
ANS: A
DIF: easy
OBJ: Identify the most stable anion based on atom electron affinities.
157. Which of the following statements is true concerning a concentrated solution of lithium oxide
in water?
a. The resulting solution is strongly basic.
b. The resulting solution is weakly acidic.
c. The resulting solution is neither acidic nor basic.
d. The resulting solution is weakly basic.
e. The resulting solution is strongly acidic.
ANS: A
DIF: easy
OBJ: Recognize a basic oxide.
158. Which of the following species is isoelectronic with Ar?

a.
b.
c.
d.
e. Ne
ANS: B
DIF: easy
OBJ: Identify the atom or ion that is isoelectronic with the given element.
TOP: electronic structure of atoms
159. Which of the following species would you expect to have the largest radius?
a.
b. P
c.
d.
e.

ANS: D
DIF: easy
OBJ: Identify the element or ion with the largest radius.
TOP: Ionic Radii
160. Rank the following ions in order of decreasing ionic radii: K+, Cl-, Se2-, Br-.
a. Br- > Se2- > Cl- > K+

b. Se2- > Br- > Cl- > K+
c. K+> Cl- > Se2- > Br-
d. Br- > Cl- > Se2- > K+
e. Cl- > Se2- > K+ > Br-
ANS: A
DIF: easy
OBJ: Rank the ions in order of decreasing ionic radius.
TOP: Ionic Radii
161. Which of the following elements would have the highest first ionization energy?
a. Beryllium b. Boron c. Carbon d. Lithium e. Silicon
ANS: C
OBJ: Identify the element with the highest first ionization energy.
162. Choose the statement that is true:

a. Outer electrons efficiently shield one another from nuclear charge
b. Core electrons effectively shield outer electrons from nuclear charge
c. Valence electrons are most difficult of all electrons to remove
d. Core electrons have the lowest ionization energies of all electrons
e. Two of the above are true.
ANS: B
OBJ: Identify the correct statement about shielding.
163. Arrange the following atoms in order of increasing atomic radius:

arsenic oxygen bromine
a. arsenic < bromine < oxygen
b. arsenic < oxygen < bromine
c. oxygen < bromine < arsenic
d. oxygen < arsenic < bromine
e. bromine < arsenic < oxygen
ANS: C
OBJ: Rank the elements according to atomic radii.
TOP: Atomic Radii

164. What is the oxidation state of arsenic in arsenic acid, H3AsO4?
a. +1 b. -1 c. +3 d. -5 e. +5
ANS: E
OBJ: Determine the oxidation state of an element in a compound.
TOP: Oxidation States
165. What is the oxidation state of sulfur in sulfur dioxide, SO2?

a. +1 b. -1 c. +2 d. -2 e. +4
ANS: E
OBJ: Determine the oxidation state of an element in a polyatomic ion.
166. What is the oxidation state of phosphorus in POCl3?

a. 0 b. +3 c. -3 d. +5 e. -5
ANS: D
OBJ: Determine the oxidation state of an element in a compound.
167. Arrange the following elements in order of lowest to highest electronegativity:

Sodium, rubidium, potassium, cesium
a. Na < Rb < K < Cs
b. Na < K < Rb < Cs
c. Cs < Rb < K < Na
d. Rb < Cs < Na < K
e. Cs < K < Na < Rb
ANS: C
OBJ: Rank the elements according to electronegativity.
CONCEPTUAL
1. Use the screening effect to explain why a sodium atom has a larger radius than a lithium atom.
OBJ: Explain nuclear shielding and its effect on the size of an atoms in the same group.
TOP: Atomic Radii
2. Explain why the 1st ionization energy of N is larger than that of O.
OBJ: Contrast the first ionization energies of nitrogen and oxygen.

3. The 2nd ionization energy is the energy to remove a second electron. Why is IE2 of potassium much
larger than IE1? Comment on the relative values of IE1 of Ne and the IE2 of Na.
OBJ: Explain the large increase in the second ionization energy of the alkali metals.

4. Why are electronegativity values not usually given for Group VIIIA elements?
OBJ: Explain the dearth of electronegativity values for the noble gases.
5. Burning fossil fuels produces SO2, a pollutant responsible for acid rain. SO2 is formed when sulfur in
the fossil fuels combines with oxygen during combustion. Give several ways to reduce the amount of
acid rain produced by SO2.
OBJ: Suggest ways to minimize the formation acid rain from sulfur dioxide pollution.
6. H2O2 fuel cells are gaining popularity as "zero emission" methods of powering an automobile.
Electricity is generated when H2 and O2 forms water. Describe some ways that hydrogen and oxygen
could be produced for this reaction. Would these fuel cell cars really be zero emission?
OBJ: Detail several methods for production of hydrogen and oxygen.

TOP: Hydrogen and the Hydrides | Oxygen and the Oxides
7. Explain why the ionic radii of cations is smaller than the atomic radii while the ionic radii of the
anions are larger than the atomic radii.
OBJ: Explain the size trends between ionic and atomic radii of the same element.
TOP: Ionic Radii | Atomic Radii

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Solution Manual for Chemistry 10th Edition by Whitten

ISBN 1133610668 9781133610663

Solution manual: https://testbankpack.com/p/solution-manual-for-chemistry-

Test bank: https://testbankpack.com/p/test-bank-for-chemistry-10th-edition-

Chapter 5—Chemical Periodicity

2. Which electrons have the greatest influence on the properties of elements?

3. Of the following, which element does not match its designation?

4. Of the following, which periodic group(s) do not match their designation?

Whitten 10e Test Bank 1

Whitten 10e Test Bank 2

6. ____ is a noble gas.

8. Which one of the following is an inner transition (f-transition) element?

9. Which of the following is not a representative element?

Whitten 10e Test Bank 3

Whitten 10e Test Bank 4

15. Which of the following statements is false?

16. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

17. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

Whitten 10e Test Bank 5

19. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

20. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

21. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

22. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

Whitten 10e Test Bank 6

24. Which element has the smallest radius?

25. Which element has the smallest radius?

26. Which element has the smallest radius?

27. Which element has the smallest radius?

Whitten 10e Test Bank 7

a. Rb < Sr < In < Sb < I

29. Arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii.

a. Na < Mg < Cl < K < Cs

30. Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing atomic radii.

a. Cl > F > Pb > Si > P

Whitten 10e Test Bank 8

34. Which element has the lowest first ionization energy?

35. Which element has the lowest first ionization energy?

36. Which element has the lowest first ionization energy?

Whitten 10e Test Bank 9

38. Which element has the highest first ionization energy?

39. Which element has the highest first ionization energy?

40. Which element has the highest first ionization energy?

41. Which element has the highest first ionization energy?

Whitten 10e Test Bank 10

a. Al < Mg < Si < S < P

a. Sb > Sn > In > As > Rb

a. Mg > Be > Ca > K > Cs

a. F > O > N > C > Be

Whitten 10e Test Bank 11

Whitten 10e Test Bank 12

a. Cl < S < Se < Rb < Te < Cs

54. Which one of the following pairs contains isoelectronic species?

Whitten 10e Test Bank 13

57. Which ion has the largest radius?

58. Which ion has the largest radius?

59. Which ion has the largest radius?

Whitten 10e Test Bank 14

61. Which ion has the smallest radius?

62. Which ion has the smallest radius?

63. Which ion has the smallest radius?

64. Which ion has the smallest radius?

Whitten 10e Test Bank 15

66. Which ion or atom has the largest radius?

a. Ca2+ < K+ < P3 < S2 < Cl