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Chemistry for Changing Times, 14e (Hill/McCreary)

Chapter 8 Oxidation and Reduction
8.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) With respect to energy content, reduced forms of matter are generally

A) low in potential energy and often make good fuels.
B) high in potential energy and often make good fuels.
C) low in potential energy and are poor fuels.
D) high in potential energy and are poor fuels.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 8.1
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry.
2) Which of the following is a definition of reduction?

A) Reduction is the gain of oxygen.
B) Reduction is the gain of hydrogen.
C) Reduction is the loss of hydrogen.
D) Reduction is the gain of BOTH electrons AND oxygen.
Answer: B
Learning Obj: LO 8.1 Classify a particular change within a redox reaction as either oxidation or
reduction.
1
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
3) The oxidation number of F-1 is
A) -1.
B) 0.
C) +1.
D) 2.
Answer: A
Global Obj: Global 4: Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in chemistry.
reduction.
4) When C3H8 is burned in oxygen, the products are

A) C + H2.
B) CH2 + H2O.
C) CO2 + H2.
D) CO2 + H2O.
Answer: D
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills.
reduction.
5) In which of the following is the reactant undergoing oxidation? (Note: These reactions are not complete
chemical equations.)
A) Cl2 → 2 Cl-
B) WO3 → W
C) 2 H+ → H2
D) C → CO2
Answer: D
reduction.
6) The carbon in C2H6O2 is ________ in the following reaction: C2H6O2 → C2H4O2 + H2

A) oxidized
B) reduced
C) neutralized
D) electrolyzed
Answer: A
reduction.
7) In which of the following is the reactant undergoing reduction? (Note: These reactions are not
2
complete chemical equations.)
A) C2H4O → C2H4O2
B) C2H4O → C2H6O
C) CO → CO2
D) CH4 → C
Answer: B
reduction.
8) In which of the following partial reactions is the reactant undergoing reduction? (Note: The reactions
are not complete.)
A) PbO → Pb
B) KClO2 → KClO3
C) SnO → SnO2
D) Cu2O → CuO
Answer: A
reduction.
9) Consider the following unbalanced equation between copper(I) ions and iron to produce copper metal
and iron(II) ions: Cu+ + Fe → Cu + Fe2+ What is oxidized in this reaction?
A) copper(I) ion
B) iron
C) copper
D) iron(II) ion
Answer: B
reduction.
10) Every reduction reaction MUST be accompanied by

A) an oxidation reaction.
B) formation of ionic bonds.
C) formation of triple bonds.
D) formation of oxygen.
Answer: A
reduction.
11) All redox reactions occur with the transfer of

3
A) protons.
B) electrons.
C) chlorine.
D) nitrogen.
Answer: B
reduction.
12) The black, granular material that fills a dry cell in a common flashlight (between the carbon rod and
the zinc shell) is manganese(II) oxide, MnO2. The oxidation number of manganese in MnO2 is
A) +2.
B) -2.
C) +4.
D) -4.
Answer: C
Global Obj: Global 4: Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in chemistry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science in society.
reduction.
4
13) Which of the following is a definition of oxidation?
A) Oxidation is the loss of electrons.
B) Oxidation is the addition of hydrogen.
C) Oxidation is the loss of oxygen.
D) Oxidation is the addition of electrons.
Answer: A
reduction.
14) The oxidation number for l in l 2 is

A) -2.
B) -1.
C) 0.
D) +1.
Answer: C
reduction.
15) What is reduced in the following reaction?

2 Bi3+ + 3 Mg → 2 Bi + 3 Mg2+
A) Bi3+
B) Mg
C) Bi
D) Mg2+
Answer: A
reduction.
16) What is the oxidation number of bismuth in Bi 2O3?

A) +1
B) +2
C) +3
D) +6
Answer: C
reduction.
5
17) Consider the following unbalanced half-reaction: MnO4- → MnO2. The oxidation number of Mn
changes from ________, and the Mn is ________.
A) +4 to +7; reduced
B) +7 to +4; oxidized
C) +4 to +7; oxidized
D) +7 to +4; reduced
Answer: D
reduction.
18) Sodium bisulfite converts bromine (Br2) to bromide (Br-). Sodium bisulfite is a(n)
A) acid.
B) base.
C) oxidizing agent.
D) reducing agent.
Answer: D
Learning Obj: LO 8.3 Identify the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent in a redox reaction.
19) In the reaction Cu+ + Fe → Cu + Fe2+ (Note: The reaction is not balanced.)
A) Fe is the reducing agent.
B) Cu is the reducing agent.
C) Cu+ is the reducing agent.
D) Fe2+ is the reducing agent.
Answer: A
20) Which substance is an oxidizing agent?

A) NaOH
B) H2O2
C) HI
D) LiBr
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 8.2
6
21) Hydrogen gas converts tungsten oxide to tungsten metal. Hydrogen (H2) is a(n)
A) acid.
B) base.
C) oxidizing agent.
D) reducing agent.
Answer: D
22) Which substance is a reducing agent?

A) C
B) I2
C) H2O2
D) TeO2
Answer: A
23) In a reaction, the substance undergoing reduction serves as the

A) electron donor.
B) proton donor.
C) oxidizing agent.
D) reducing agent.
Answer: C
24) In the following reaction, hydrogen is the ________.

CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
A) electron donor
B) proton donor
C) oxidizing agent
D) reducing agent
Answer: D
7
25) In the reaction Fe2O3 + 3 H2 → 2 Fe + 3 H2O, the reducing agent is
A) Fe2O3.
B) H2.
C) Fe.
D) H2O.
Answer: B
26) Copper is plated on zinc by immersing a piece of zinc into a solution containing copper(II) ions. In
the plating reaction, copper II ions
A) gain two electrons and is are oxidized.
B) gain two electrons and is are reduced.
C) lose two electrons and is are reduced.
D) lose two electrons and is are oxidized.
Answer: B
Learning Obj: LO 8.4 Balance redox reactions.
27) Copper is plated on zinc by immersing a piece of zinc into a solution containing copper(II) ions. In
the plating reaction, copper(II) ions
A) lose two electrons and are oxidized.
B) lose two electrons and are reduced.
C) gain two electrons and are oxidized.
D) gain two electrons and are reduced.
Answer: D
28) Silver is plated on copper by immersing a piece of copper into a solution containing silver ions. In the
plating reaction, silver ions
A) lose one electron and are oxidized.
B) lose one electron and are reduced.
C) gain one electron and are oxidized.
D) gain one electron and are reduced.
Answer: D
8
plating reaction, copper
A) is oxidized and is the oxidizing agent.
B) is oxidized and is the reducing agent.
C) is reduced and is the oxidizing agent.
D) is reduced and is the reducing agent.
Answer: B
plating reaction, silver ions
A) are oxidized and are the oxidizing agent.
B) are oxidized and are the reducing agent.
C) are reduced and are the oxidizing agent.
D) are reduced and are the reducing agent.
Answer: C
31) An electrochemical cell is a device that converts chemical energy into

A) electrical energy.
B) chemical energy.
C) nuclear energy.
D) light energy.
Answer: A
32) A device that generates an electrical current by taking advantage of a difference in the spontaneous
tendency of substances to lose and gain electrons is called an
A) electrochemical cell.
B) electrolysis cell.
C) electroplating cell.
D) electrolyte cell.
Answer: A
9
33) A battery is a device that converts chemical energy into
A) electrical energy.
B) chemical energy.
C) nuclear energy.
D) light energy.
Answer: A
34) A major advantage of lead storage batteries is that they are

A) lightweight.
B) rechargeable.
C) disposable.
D) all of the above
Answer: B
Global Obj: Global 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of scientific inquiry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
35) The small "button" cells used in hearing aids and hand calculators are being replaced by ________
cells.
A) Ni-Cad
B) hydrogen
C) zinc-air
D) copper-acid
Answer: C
36) A substance that is produced as a lead-acid storage battery generates an electric current is
A) Pb.
B) PbSO4.
C) PbO2.
D) H2SO4.
Answer: B
Learning Obj: LO 8.5 Identify and write the half-reactions in an electrochemical cell.
10
37) A substance that is reduced as a lead-acid storage battery generates an electric current is
A) Pb.
B) PbSO4.
C) PbO2.
D) H2SO4.
Answer: C
38) Which of the following statements is true for electrochemical cells?

A) Oxidation occurs at the anode.
B) Oxidation occurs at the cathode.
C) Reduction occurs at the anode.
D) Both oxidation and reduction occur at the cathode.
Answer: A
39) Consider the following reaction: 2 Fe + 3 Mg2+ → 2 Fe3+ + 3 Mg

The half-reaction for the oxidation in this reaction is
A) Fe → Fe3+ + 3 e-
B) Fe3+ + 3 e- → Fe
C) Mg → Mg2+ + 2 e-
D) Mg2+ + 2 e- → Mg
Answer: A
40) Consider the following reaction: 2 Fe + 3 Mg 2+ → 2 Fe3+ + 3 Mg

The half-reaction for the reduction in this reaction is
A) Fe → Fe3+ + 3 e-
B) Fe3+ + 3 e- → Fe
C) Mg → Mg2+ + 2 e-
D) Mg2+ + 2 e- → Mg
Answer: D
11
41) A battery in which a fuel is oxidized at the anode and oxygen is reduced at the cathode is a(n)
A) alkaline battery.
B) fuel cell.
C) lead storage battery.
D) lithium battery.
Answer: B
42) Photochromic lenses contain

A) only AgCl embedded in the glass.
B) only CuCl embedded in the glass.
C) both AgCl and CuCl embedded in the glass.
D) neither AgCl nor CuCl embedded in the glass.
Answer: C
43) The corrosion of metals, such as the rusting of iron, is an example of

A) reduction.
B) oxidation.
C) proton transfer.
D) transmutation.
Answer: B
Learning Obj: LO 8.6 Describe the reactions that occur when iron rests.
44) Aluminum is more reactive than iron, yet it is used today for a variety of applications in which iron
would corrode (cans, rain gutters, etc.). The reason for the corrosion durability of aluminum is that
A) aluminum does not react with oxygen.
B) very unreactive aluminum oxide forms a thin layer on aluminum.
C) aluminum does not undergo oxidation.
D) all aluminum products are treated with a plastic coating.
Answer: B
Learning Obj: LO 8.9 List some of the common oxidizing agents encountered in daily life.
12
45) The black tarnish on silver is
A) AgOH.
B) Ag2O.
C) AgCl.
D) Ag2S.
Answer: D
46) The removal of silver tarnish from silverware using aluminum foil and a solution of electrolyte is an
example of
A) oxidation of aluminum metal.
B) reduction of silver ions.
C) an electrochemical cell.
D) all of the above
Answer: D
47) Aluminum is more reactive than iron is, but iron corrodes more quickly. This occurs because
A) aluminum is reduced in the presence of oxygen while iron is oxidized.
B) aluminum develops a coating of aluminum oxide, which protects it from further reaction.
C) iron is exposed to both oxygen and water, while aluminum is rarely exposed to water.
D) iron has a lower density than aluminum does.
Answer: B
48) Which of the following statements about the rusting of iron is true?
A) Iron is reduced in the presence of oxygen.
B) Iron is oxidized in the presence of oxygen.
C) The iron(III) hydroxide forms a hard coating that protects the iron from undergoing further corrosion.
D) Iron will rust more quickly in the absence of water.
Answer: B
Global Obj: Global 2: Demonstrate the ability to think critically and employ critical thinking skills and
Global 5: Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science on society.
13
49) When silver tarnishes,
A) Ag atoms are oxidized to form Ag+ ions.
B) Ag atoms are reduced to form Ag+ ions.
C) Ag+ ions are oxidized to form Ag atoms.
D) Ag+ ions are reduced to form Ag atoms.
Answer: A
50) Roughly ________% of all iron and steel produced each year is used to replace corroded items.
A) 4
B) 20
C) 50
D) 75
Answer: B
51) Most chemical explosions are ________ reactions.

A) nuclear fission
B) oxidation-reduction
C) neutralization
D) condensation
Answer: B
Learning Obj: LO 8.7 Explain why an explosive reaction is so energetic.
52) A mixture of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and fuel oil has often been used in terrorist attacks
around the world. Which of the following statements is NOT true for this type of explosive mixture?
A) The materials are readily available to the general public.
B) It is very difficult to obtain the ammonium nitrate.
C) The ammonium nitrate serves as both an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent.
D) The reaction results in gaseous products and a huge increase in volume.
Answer: B
14
53) ANFO is an explosive mixture of ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3, and fuel oil. When this mixture
explodes, the ammonium nitrate undergoes
A) oxidation.
B) reduction.
C) both oxidation and reduction.
D) neither oxidation nor reduction.
Answer: C
54) ________ is used as an explosive and a heart medication.

A) Nitroglycerin
B) Trinitrotoluene
C) Ammonia nitrate
D) Urea
Answer: A
55) All of the following are commonly involved in explosions EXCEPT

A) aluminum metal.
B) ammonium nitrate.
C) nitroglycerin.
D) trinitrotoluene.
Answer: A
56) The most abundant element (by mass) in the human body is
A) oxygen.
B) carbon.
C) nitrogen.
D) water.
Answer: A
15
57) With respect to volume, approximately what percentage of the air we breathe is composed of
elemental argon?
A) ≈ 20%
B) ≈ 1%
C) ≈ 80%
D) ≈ 50%
Answer: B
58) When your car rusts, the major chemical reaction is that between the iron from the steel in the car
body with the oxygen from the air to form iron(III) oxide. When the reaction is balanced, the coefficient of
iron is
A) 1.
B) 3.
C) 4.
D) 2.
Answer: C
Global Obj: Global 4: Demonstrate the quantitative skills needed to succeed in chemistry and Global 5:
Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of science in society.
59) When metals react with oxygen, they form

A) oxygen gas.
B) noble gases.
C) oxides.
D) nonmetals.
Answer: C
60) Magnesium burns brightly in the presence of oxygen. When magnesium reacts with oxygen, the
compound formed is
A) MgO.
B) MgO3.
C) Mg3O.
D) Mg4O4.
Answer: A
Learning Obj: LO 8.8 Write equations for reactions in which oxygen is an oxidizing agent.
16
61) This compound is a powerful oxidizing agent and a harmful pollutant; yet a layer of it in the upper
stratosphere serves as a shield from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
A) CO2
B) O2
C) SO3
D) O3 (ozone)
Answer: D
62) Approximately what percentage of the earth's crust is composed of oxygen?

A) ≈ 5%
B) ≈ 40%
C) ≈ 50%
D) ≈ 75%
Answer: C
63) Which substance is a common oxidizing agent?

A) C
B) Na2Cr2O7
C) N2
D) K
Answer: B
64) Which of the following is NOT a common oxidizing agent?

A) iodine
B) chlorine
C) ozone
D) an antioxidant
Answer: D
17
65) Antiseptics are substances that
A) are pain killers.
B) kill microorganisms.
C) relieve inflammation.
D) are the same as anesthetics.
Answer: B
66) Given their mode of action, antiseptics are generally best classified as
A) oxidizing agents.
B) reducing agents.
C) acids.
D) bases.
Answer: A
67) Swimming pools are "chlorinated" in order to

A) improve taste of the water.
B) disinfect the water.
C) clarify the water.
D) purify the water.
Answer: B
68) Benzoyl peroxide, used in the treatment of acne, is

A) an acid.
B) a base.
C) an oxidizing agent.
D) a reducing agent.
Answer: C
18
69) Most household bleaches act as
A) oxidizing agents.
B) reducing agents.
C) electron donors.
D) proton donors.
Answer: A
70) The active ingredient in many laundry bleaches and bleaching powders is
A) hydrogen peroxide, H2O2.
B) hypochlorite ion, ClO-.
C) sodium dichromate, Na2Cr2O7.
D) chlorine, Cl2.
Answer: B
71) Oxidizing agents are often used

A) as antioxidants.
B) as antiseptics.
C) to form Ag grains in photography.
D) to add hydrogen to an unsaturated fat.
Answer: B
72) An oxidizing agent that was used in older versions of the Breathalyzer test is
A) NaHClO (sodium hypochlorite).
B) O3 (ozone).
C) K2Cr2O7 (potassium dichromate).
D) AgBr (silver bromide).
Answer: C
19
73) Which of the following is a reducing agent?
A) an antioxidant
B) an antiseptic
C) a bleach
D) a disinfectant
Answer: A
Learning Obj: LO 8.10a Identify some common reducing agents.
74) In the reaction N2 + 3 H2 → 2 NH3, nitrogen is

A) a product.
B) a reducing agent.
C) an oxidizing agent.
D) a catalyst.
Answer: C
75) Which substance is a common reducing agent used in the production of metals from ores?
A) C
B) Na2Cr2O7
C) H2O
D) LiBr
Answer: A
76) In a black-and-white photograph, the black area on the photographic negative represents
A) the region where light fell and silver metal has been deposited during development.
B) the region where light fell and silver metal has been removed during development.
C) a region where light did not fall and silver metal has been deposited during development.
D) a region where light did not fall and silver metal has been removed during development.
Answer: A
20
77) The chemical basis of converting light into a photographic silver image is based on the fact that
A) Ag+ exposed to light is easier to reduce to Ag than unexposed Ag+.
B) Ag+ exposed to light is more difficult to reduce to Ag than unexposed Ag +.
C) Ag+ exposed to light is easier to oxidize to Ag than unexposed Ag+.
D) Ag+ exposed to light is more difficult to oxidize to Ag than unexposed Ag+.
Answer: A
78) The "white" areas in a black-and-white "positive" print contain

A) silver metal.
B) no silver metal.
C) fixer.
D) silver salts.
Answer: B
79) Which of the following is NOT true of a catalyst?

A) A catalyst will speed up the rate of a reaction.
B) A catalyst will lower the activation energy for a reaction.
C) A catalyst is used up when it catalyzes a reaction.
D) A catalyst is not changed when it catalyzes a reaction.
Answer: C
80) A substance which lowers the activation energy of a chemical reaction is called a(n)
A) reducing agent.
B) catalyst.
C) oxidizing agent.
D) carcinogen.
Answer: B
21
81) Antioxidants are
A) oxidizing agents found in foods.
B) reducing agents found in foods.
C) fat-soluble.
D) water soluble.
Answer: B
82) All of the following are reducing agents EXCEPT

A) antioxidants.
B) coal (coke).
C) hydrogen.
D) chlorine.
Answer: D
83) When hydrogen is added to a compound, which of the following can act as a catalyst?
A) P
B) C
C) S
D) Pd
Answer: D
84) Nickel, platinum, and palladium are used as catalysts for reactions for hydrogen. These metals have
A) great catalytic activity and not much of surface area, so hydrogen absorbed on the surface of these
metals is less reactive than ordinary hydrogen gas.
B) great catalytic activity and lots of surface area, so hydrogen absorbed on the surface of these metals is
more reactive than ordinary hydrogen gas.
C) little catalytic activity and lots of surface area, so hydrogen absorbed on the surface of these metals is
more reactive than ordinary hydrogen gas.
D) great catalytic activity and lots of surface area, so hydrogen absorbed on the surface of these metals is
less reactive than ordinary hydrogen gas.
Answer: B
22
85) Which of the following is NOT true of hydrogen?
A) It can form an ion with a +1 charge.
B) It can form an ion with a -1 charge.
C) It is usually found as free hydrogen and not combined with other elements.
D) It is a colorless, odorless gas.
Answer: C
86) Which of the following is NOT a common reducing agent?

A) hydrogen peroxide
B) hydrogen
C) an antioxidant
D) coal/coke
Answer: A
87) All of the following are true for green oxidation catalysts EXCEPT
A) they are often carcinogenic.
B) they often rely on transition metals.
C) they often allow reactions to run at lower temperatures.
D) they are more efficient than traditional catalysts.
Answer: A
Learning Obj: LO 8.13 Explain how green chemistry can be applied to the design of new catalysts.
88) The HPPO process utilizes hydrogen peroxide and propylene oxide. One aspect of the HPPO process
that is NOT true is
A) the reaction is run in aqueous methanol.
B) Ti is rare and toxic.
C) the methanol used can be recycled.
D) it uses a titanium silicate catalyst.
Answer: B
Learning Obj: LO 8.12 Distinguish between the objectives of chemists producing industrial chemicals
and those of chemists producing specialty chemicals.
23
89) Which metal is contained in the TAML family of catalysts?
A) Cd
B) Pd
C) Fe
D) Mn
Answer: C
Learning Obj: LO 8.13 Explain how green chemistry can be applied to the design of new catalysts.
90) The only natural process that produces oxygen is

A) growth.
B) photosynthesis.
C) humidity.
D) electrochemical cells.
Answer: B
91) Human cells obtain energy by

A) oxidizing carbohydrates.
B) reducing proteins.
C) reducing carbon dioxide.
D) absorbing sunlight.
Answer: A
92) Bread and potatoes are a source of

A) carbohydrates.
B) zinc.
C) magnesium.
D) water.
Answer: A
24
93) In the photosynthesis reaction: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2, carbon dioxide is
A) oxidized.
B) reduced.
C) oxidized and reduced.
D) neither oxidized nor reduced.
Answer: B
Learning Obj: LO 8.11 Write the overall equations for the metabolism of glucose and for photosynthesis.
94) In the photosynthesis reaction: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2, the substance that serves as
the reducing agent is
A) carbon dioxide.
B) water.
C) sunlight.
D) glucose, C6H12O6.
Answer: B
95) Photosynthesis involves the

A) reduction of carbohydrates.
B) reduction of water.
C) oxidation of water.
D) oxidation of carbohydrates.
Answer: C
8.2 True/False Questions
1) An oxidation reaction often occurs without a corresponding reduction reaction.

Answer: FALSE
reduction.
25
2) When a metal reacts with a nonmetal, the metal is oxidized.
Answer: TRUE
reduction.
3) Zinc is oxidized in the following reaction:

Zn + 2 H+ → Zn2+ + H2
Answer: TRUE
reduction.
4) If the oxidation number of an atom decreases, the atom has undergone oxidation.
Answer: FALSE
reduction.
5) An oxidizing agent is reduced.

Answer: TRUE
6) In an electrochemical cell, oxidation takes place at the cathode.

Answer: FALSE
7) A common use of lead storage batteries is automobiles.

Answer: TRUE
8) Corrosion is caused by the reduction of metals.

Answer: FALSE
26
9) An explosion is a rapid chemical reaction that results in a considerable increase in volume.
Answer: TRUE
10) The destructive power generated by an explosive mixture results from the rapid expansion of gaseous
products.
Answer: TRUE
11) Pure oxygen is obtained by liquefying air and then boiling off the nitrogen and argon.
Answer: TRUE
12) Naturally occurring reactions of oxygen (O2) are always desirable.

Answer: FALSE
13) Bleach is an oxidizing agent.

Answer: TRUE
14) Palladium metal can absorb up to 900 times its own volume of hydrogen.
Answer: TRUE
15) In Food Chemistry, reducing agents are sometimes referred to as antioxidants.

Answer: TRUE
16) A catalyst acts by raising the amount of energy available for a reaction to occur.
Answer: FALSE
27
17) Specialty chemicals are generally much simpler than industrial chemicals.
Answer: FALSE
18) Many traditional oxidation methods are environmentally harmful.

Answer: TRUE
8.3 Short Answer Questions
1) The air that we breathe is composed of approximately ________% oxygen by volume.

Answer: 21
2) Over 20 billion kg of pure oxygen are produced industrially in the United States each year. The source
of this oxygen is ________.
Answer: air
8.4 Essay Questions
1) When your car rusts, the major chemical reaction is between the iron from the steel in the car body
with the oxygen from the air to form iron(III) oxide. Write and balance the chemical equation.
Answer: 4 Fe + 3 O2 → 2 Fe2O3
28

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Solution Manual for Chemistry for Changing Times 14th

Edition by Hill McCreary ISBN 0321972023

Test bank: https://testbankpack.com/p/test-

Chemistry for Changing Times, 14e (Hill/McCreary)

8.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) With respect to energy content, reduced forms of matter are generally

2) Which of the following is a definition of reduction?

4) When C3H8 is burned in oxygen, the products are

6) The carbon in C2H6O2 is ________ in the following reaction: C2H6O2 → C2H4O2 + H2

10) Every reduction reaction MUST be accompanied by

11) All redox reactions occur with the transfer of

14) The oxidation number for l in l 2 is

15) What is reduced in the following reaction?

16) What is the oxidation number of bismuth in Bi 2O3?

20) Which substance is an oxidizing agent?

22) Which substance is a reducing agent?

23) In a reaction, the substance undergoing reduction serves as the

24) In the following reaction, hydrogen is the ________.

31) An electrochemical cell is a device that converts chemical energy into

34) A major advantage of lead storage batteries is that they are

38) Which of the following statements is true for electrochemical cells?

39) Consider the following reaction: 2 Fe + 3 Mg2+ → 2 Fe3+ + 3 Mg

40) Consider the following reaction: 2 Fe + 3 Mg 2+ → 2 Fe3+ + 3 Mg

42) Photochromic lenses contain

43) The corrosion of metals, such as the rusting of iron, is an example of

51) Most chemical explosions are ________ reactions.

54) ________ is used as an explosive and a heart medication.

55) All of the following are commonly involved in explosions EXCEPT

59) When metals react with oxygen, they form

62) Approximately what percentage of the earth's crust is composed of oxygen?

63) Which substance is a common oxidizing agent?

64) Which of the following is NOT a common oxidizing agent?

67) Swimming pools are "chlorinated" in order to

68) Benzoyl peroxide, used in the treatment of acne, is

71) Oxidizing agents are often used

74) In the reaction N2 + 3 H2 → 2 NH3, nitrogen is

78) The "white" areas in a black-and-white "positive" print contain

79) Which of the following is NOT true of a catalyst?

82) All of the following are reducing agents EXCEPT

86) Which of the following is NOT a common reducing agent?

90) The only natural process that produces oxygen is

91) Human cells obtain energy by

92) Bread and potatoes are a source of

95) Photosynthesis involves the

8.2 True/False Questions

1) An oxidation reaction often occurs without a corresponding reduction reaction.

3) Zinc is oxidized in the following reaction:

5) An oxidizing agent is reduced.

6) In an electrochemical cell, oxidation takes place at the cathode.

7) A common use of lead storage batteries is automobiles.

8) Corrosion is caused by the reduction of metals.

12) Naturally occurring reactions of oxygen (O2) are always desirable.

13) Bleach is an oxidizing agent.

15) In Food Chemistry, reducing agents are sometimes referred to as antioxidants.

18) Many traditional oxidation methods are environmentally harmful.

8.3 Short Answer Questions

1) The air that we breathe is composed of approximately ________% oxygen by volume.

8.4 Essay Questions

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