UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA

DE SANTA MARÍA

PRECATÓLICA 2024 - I

INGLÉS II

Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera

Arequipa – Perú
Ingreso 2023
 INGLÉS II

UNIT 1

THE FUTURE

FIGURE IT OUT
1. The future with be going to is used to express
 intentions  plans  predictions based on evidence
2. “BE” before the “going to” expression is always changed to AM – IS – ARE
 true  false
3. After “be going to” the verb goes in
 past form  base form
4. You can use any subject pronoun + will + verb (base form)
 false  true
5. Will is used to express
 on- the-spot decisions  predictions  promises  threats
 requests  offers

1 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

Reading
Computers are important communication tools. The internet helps people interact with one another
when they can’t be face-to-face. E-mails, blogs, and instant messages are popular ways to
communicate usign the internet. But even though computers help us, they are only machines that
can’t really understand us…or cant they? Have you ever shouted in anger at a computer? What if
the computer could hear you and respond to your anger? Scientists predict that in the near future,
computers may be able to do just that.
In the future,it may be possible for computers not only to recognize people’s emotions, but also to
predict their behaviour. When people are face-to-face, most communication happens without
speaking, through body language. Computers will interpret body language and use that data.For
example, in social situation, they may be able to predict whether or not someone will go on a date
with you!
But that’s not all. Scientists predict that one day, computers will automatically respond to our human
emotions. If you’re hungry, your computer will suggest it’s time for a snack. If you feel sad, your MP3
player might cheer you up with your favourite song.

Write T (true) or F (false)

1. In the future, it may be possible for computers to understand how we feel. (….)
2. When peolple are face-to face, most of the communications happens through speaking. (….)
3. Computers help scientists study people’s health. (….)
4. Scientists have invented an MP3 player that can tell when you’re sad. (….)

PRACTICE 1 Choose the correct alternative

1. A big storm is coming. Schools ______________early today.

a. will close b. are closed c. are going to close
2. ____________ me a favor please?
a. Will you do b. Can you c. Are you going to do
3. “He is completely drunk! He __________ an accident!”
a. will have b. is going to have c. is having
4. I don´t think Ana ___________ his proposal.
a. is going to accept b. accept c. will accept
5. My neighbors ____________ a big party for their birthday this weekend.
a. are going to throw b. will organize c. make
6. I think the world____________ by the end of this year.
a. is ending b. will end c. ends
7. I promise I ____________ my best to get in college.
a. will do b. do c. doing
8. Charly ____________his cousins this summer. He’s so excited!
a. will visit b. is going to visit c. is visit

1 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II
9. Don’t bother, I ______ clean this mess.
a. am going to b. will c. am going
10. They _______a new car next month.
a. will buy b. going to buy c. are going to buy
11. Lisa: “Tom, this is too heavy for me.”
Tom: “ I________ help you”
a. will b. am going to
12. A: Who do you think will be the next champion? B: I my opinion the Italian team_____win
a. will b. is going to

Complete the second sentence with “will” or “be going to”

1. A: We don’t have any bread.
B: I know. I _____________ get some right now.
2. A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up!
B: I _________get you a cup of coffee. That’ll do the trick.
3. A: Why do you need to borrow my suitcase?
B: Because I _____________ visit my mother in Scotland next month.
4. A: I’m really cold.
B: I __________________ turn the heating on.
5. A: Are you going to John’s party tonight?
B: Yes. Are you going too? Well, I __________ give you a lift.
6. A: What are your plans after you finish university?
B: I __________________ work in a hospital in Africa. I leave next year.
7. A: Are you ready to order?
B: I can’t decide … Okay, I _______________ have a steak, please.
6. A: Oh no! My pen is running out of ink.
B: Give me a second and I _______get a new one.

VOCABULARY- Odd word out

Find out the word which is different from the rest.
1. (A) Mend (B) Fix (C) Refund (D) Repair (E) Patch up
2. (A) Song (B) Tune (C) Anthem (D) Hymn (E) Memento
3. (A) Jeopardy (B) Danger (C) Peril (D) Solace (E) Threat
4. (A) Ink (B) Pen (C) Pencil (D) Brush (E) Quill
5. (A) Lift (B) Absorb (C) Elevate (D) Raise (E) Hoist
6. (A) Book (B) Magazine (C) Brochure (D) Television (E) Flyer
7. (A) Pleasant (B) Fragile (C) Delicate (D) Frail (E) Breakable
8. (A) Fragment (B) Splinter (C) Piece (D) Fearful (E) Chip
9. (A) Farm B) Court (C) Arena (D) Field (E) Rink
10.(A) Breeze (B) Lightning (C) Hail (D) Winter (E) Drizzle

2 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

THE ADJECTIVE

FIGURE IT OUT

1. Compare two people, places or things.

 comparative adjectives  superlative adjectives

2. In comparative adjectives, when an adjective has one syllable:

 add R / ER  add MORE

3. In comparative adjectives, when a two-syllable adjective ends in “y”:

 add more  change the “y” to I, and add ER

4. In comparative adjectives, when an adjective has two or more syllables and doesn’t end in “Y”:
 add more  add ER

5. Superlative adjectives compare MORE than two people, places or things.

 true  false

6. Superlative adjectives that have one syllable use EST as a suffix

 true  false

7. Superlative adjectives don’t always use “The”

 true  false

8. When you compare two things use “than” if the two things are mentioned
 true  false
3 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I
 INGLÉS II

Complete the sentence with the superlative form of the adjective in capitals.1
1. Thumbelina, a miniature brown mare won the title of ……………..…. living horse in July 2006,
standing at just 44.5cm high. (TINY)
2. The ………………………. whale recorded was over 33m in length. (LONG)
3. A specimen of king’s holly, a plant found in the rainforest of Tasmania, is one of the
………………………. plants on Earth - over 43,000 years old. (OLD)
4. The cheetah is the ………………………. creature on Earth, capable of running at over 110kph.
(FAST)
5. The ………………………. part of the ocean where a fish has been found was 8,372m down in the
Puerto Rican Trench. (DEEP)
6. The ………………………. fish in the sea is the sailfish, which can travel 100kph. (SPEEDY)
7. No prizes for guessing the world’s ………………………. fish: it is the deadly piranha fish.
(FEROCIOUS)
8. The sea wasp, which lives off the north coast of Australia, is the ………………………. creature in
the sea. If it stings you, you have only between 30 seconds and 4 minutes to live. (POISONOUS)
9. The ………………………. spider in the world is the goliath spider from South America, which can
be 28cm across. (LARGE)
10. The ………………………. whale ever caught weighed more than 171,000kg. (HEAVY)

Complete the sentence with the comparative form of the adjectives in capitals.
1. Brazil is ……………..…. than Peru. (BIG)
2. The Amazon River is ………………………. than The Ucayali River. (LONG)
3. The Chavin Culture was ………………………. than The Mochica Culture. (OLD)
4. Ceviche, a Peruvian dish, is ………………………. than Patacon. (FAMOUS)
5. Yesterday’s exam was………………...than the one last month. (DIFFICULT)
6. Computers are …………………….……. than telephones. (EXPENSIVE)
7. Lions are ………………………. than Tigers. (FEROCIOUS)
8. Fruits such as bananas and mangoes are much ………………………. than strawberries and
tangerines. (SWEET)
9. In summer time, the beach is………………………. than in winter time because of the number of
people who visit that place. (DIRTY)
10. A rock is ………………….. than a leaf. (HEAVY)

1
http://english.skola.edu.mt/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/08_Comparative-and-superlative.pdf
4 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I
 INGLÉS II

PRACTICE 2 Choose the correct alternative

1. Maria is ______________________ employee in the company.

a. efficient b. the most efficient c. more efficient
2. These trousers are ____________________ than those jeans.
a. the most comfortable b. more comfortable c. comfortable
3. I always tell the _______________________ jokes.
a. funny b. funniest c. funnier
4. If the child doesn’t eat ______________________, he will be sick
a. slowest b. slowly than c. slower
5. I play tennis ______________________ than before, now that I’m employed.
a. more often b. often c. less often
6. She did ______________________ test of the class.
a. the best b. better than c. good
7. The person who finishes the practice ______________________ will win the prize.
a. quick b. the quickest c. quicker
8. That boy is ______ dancer than any other child at the party.
a. the best b. a better c. good
9. You will have to study ______________________ if you want to get in university.
a. the hard b. more hard c. harder
10. Don’t go on that direction because this is ______________________ street in this city.
a. the dangerousness b. more dangerous c. the most dangerous

VOCABULARY : PLACES
1. Carla is a nurse. She works in a _______________________.
a) bakery b) hospital c) museum d) bank
2. I need to buy some bread, where should I go? -You should go to a_________.
a) post office b) library c) bank d) bakery
3. Jennifer is a waitress. She works in a ____________________.
a) fire station b) restaurant c) petrol station d) park
4. I like to drink some coffee with my friends at a ___________________.
a) café b) bank c) gas station d) library
5. I need to buy a book, where should I go? -You should go to a_________.
a) bakery b) zoo c) library d) bookstore
6. I need to read books and study, where should I go? -You should go to a_________.
a) bookstore b) library c) fire station d) supermarket
7. At the _________________ you can play basketball with your friends.
a) court b) jail c) post office d) hospital
8. Some people usually go to __________________ on Sundays.
a) pharmacy b) bakery c) school d) church

5 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

MODALS OF OBLIGATION
MUST / HAVE TO / MUSN’T/ DON’T HAVE TO

MUST HAVE TO
• Express personal obligation, subjective • Express objective obligation.
obligation. • The subject is obliged or forced to act by
• What the speaker thinks is necessary. an external power (the law, school rules)
• Strong recommendation.
-We have to pay for the meal.
-You must work harder.
MUSTN’T DON’T HAVE TO
• It is prohibited, it is not allowed. • There is no obligation.

-Cars mustn’t park in front of the entrance. -You don’t have to hear this part.

FIGURE IT OUT
1. Modal verbs go _____________ a verb in the base form.
 before  after
2. “Have to” is conjugated “has to” in the 3rd person.
 True  False
3. The negative form of Have to is Haven´t to.
 True  False
4. The modal verbs that express the lack of necessity
 needn’t / not have to  can’t / mustn’t
5. A synonym of mustn’t is
 shouldn’t  can’t

Complete the sentences with MUST / HAVE TO / MUSTN’T/ DON’T HAVE TO

1. You ____________________ (drink) more water because it is good for your body.
2. To ride a motorcycle you ____________________ (use) a helmet, it is mandatory.
3. You ____________________ (bring) your book to class in order to work in class.
4. You_______________(clean) the windows. The window cleaner is coming today.
5. You ____________________ (take) a taxi, it’s not far anyway.
6. Pablito ______________ (study) hard if he wants to get in university. It is for his own sake.
7. Employer: “You____________(come) to work on time.
8. They ________________(enter) to this room. It is dangerous, there is a lot of radiation.
9. You _____________(listen) to that new song. I’m sure you’re going to like it.
10. Mother to her child: “You __________(play) with fire”.

6 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II
PRACTICE 1 Choose the correct alternative
1. You _________take me home because my father is giving me a lift.
a. must b. don’t have to c. mustn’t
2. He ___________________ tell me, it is very urgent.
a. has to b. mustn’t c. have to
3. You _________________drive; we have rented a bus for everyone.
a. must b. don’t have to c. mustn’t
4. Mary________ do the laundry today as it's her sister's turn.
a. doesn’t have to b. don’t have to c. musn’t
5. Visitors to the zoo__________ feed the animals.
a. must b. don’t have to c. musn’t
6. You _________ put salt in her food; the doctor said she can't eat salt.
a. must b. don’t have to c. musn’t
7. We _________read the instructions, just turn it on, it's simple.
a. must b. don’t have to c. mustn’t
8. The exams are next week. I __________ study harder.
a. must b. have to c. musn’t
9. You______ leave your bags there, it’s not safe.
a. must b. don’t have to c. mustn’t
10. I __________ be late. It's the most important meeting of the year.
a. must b. mustn’t c. have to

Word swap
In the following sentences two words have been swapped. Identify these two
words and write them.

A. It’s quite untrue fact goldfish have terrible memory; they do in that remember quite well.
_____________
B. Green tea has the health benefits, including many potential to enhance a person’s working
memory and other cognitive functions. _____________

C. Hawaii is of newest U.S. state, and the only state located outside the North America.
_________________
D. He said that the construction of the hospital demand in 2013 as there was no large hospitals
in the city and there was a began from people. ____________

E. Early transmission of symptoms would help reduce the fatality rate and directed officials and
medical authorities to test at least 15 contacts of a positive case to break the chain of
identification.
_________________
7 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I
 INGLÉS II

CONNECTORS FOR CAUSE AND RESULT

Complete the sentences with the most suitable connector

1. ____________________ he had not paid the rent, he was told to vacate the room.
2. The thief was caught red-handed. ____________________________, he was convicted to six
years in prison immediately.
3. Many teenagers have become dangerous criminals __________the lack of family nurture.
4. ______________ you didn’t help to make the project; we didn’t write your name on the list.
5. We had to cancel the match ____________ the bad weather.
6. Sarah came first ____________________________ all her hard work.
7. My son didn’t water the plants. ____________________________, they died.
8. The president will promote private investment, _____________________ that our economy will
improve.
9. My mom is upset and it is all ______________________to your bad behavior.
10. I was scared when I walked home ________________ the street was so dark.
11. People who exercise regularly enjoy better health. __________, you should do more exercise.
12. ________ you have all of the material, we’re going to your house tonight to make the project.

8 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

UNIT 2

EXPRESSIONS
SIMILES AND METAPHORS

Identify each bold expression as a simile or metaphor:

1. Mom says my room is a pig sty. O simile O metaphor

2. The friends were two peas in a pod. O simile O metaphor
3. Arthur sat like a bump on a log. O simile O metaphor
4. From age four, she swam like a fish. O simile O metaphor
5. When I woke up, my throat felt like sandpaper. O simile O metaphor
6. We entered the room as quiet as mice. O simile O metaphor
7. Tonight I have a mountain of homework. O simile O metaphor
8. Pillows of cotton drifted across the sky. O simile O metaphor

Write the meaning and explain the metaphors.

METAPHOR MEANING EXPLAIN
I spent the day putting out fires.
His drinking problem was the
elephant in the room,but no one
said anything.
The project failed because we cut
too many corners.
I can tell Jenny is upset; she wears
her heart on her sleeve.

9 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

PRACTICE 2
Choose the correct alternative for each simile

1. Mary has won a big price. She is …

a. as happy as clam
b. on cloud seven
c. a whale of a person
2. Hulk is a superhero whose main feature is to be as…
a. strong as an ox
b. as light as rain
c. nutty as a fruitcake
3. Martha’s twins are so different as …
a. dry as a bone
b. like a log
c. night and day
4. I love you so much that my love for you is as…
a. as a balloon
b. deep as the ocean
c. scare as hen’s teeth
5. Nowadays, models have a strict diet because they have to be …
a. as thin as a rake
b. as slim as a watermelon
c. as beauty as a frog
6. Nick works really hard. He is always as…
a. blind as a bat
b. busy as a bee
c. sly as a fox
7. You look stunning. Your dress looks perfect because it fits like…
a. a scarf
b. a glove
c. sandwich
8. After she slipped, she was so embarrassed that her face was as…
a. blue as paint
b. green as broccoli
c. red as a beetroot

10 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

PASSIVE VOICE
USE
We use the passive voice to tell that the result of an action is more important than the person who
performed it.
We use the verb To Be (same tense in active form) + verb in the past participle form.

ACTIVE Subject/doer of an action + verb + object + complement.

VOICE

PASSIVE Passive Subject + Verb to be ( in the appropriate form) + Main verb ( past
VOICE participle) + the agent “by” (optional) + complement.

PASSIVE VOICE
TENSE ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

Present Construction workers build a A house / houses is / are built every

Simple house / houses every day. day (by construction workers)

Present Construction workers are building A house / houses is / are being built
Continuous a house / houses now. now (by construction workers)

Present Construction workers have built a A house / houses has / have been built
Perfect house / houses. (by construction workers)

Past Simple Construction workers built a A house / houses was / were built last
house / houses last month. month (by construction workers)

Past Construction workers were A house / houses was / were being

Continuous building a house / houses built yesterday morning (by
yesterday morning. construction workers)

Past Perfect Construction workers had built a A house / houses had been built before
house / houses before my trip in my trip in 2016 (by construction
2016. workers)

Modal Verbs Construction workers can / could / A house / houses can / could / should
should /would / will / must / have /would / will / must / have to /may be
to /may… build a house / houses. built (by construction workers)

11 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

HOW TO CHANGE ACTIVE TO PASSIVE VOICE?

Complete these sentences with the passive form of the verbs in the box below.

lose damage give make dump cause translate be born write repair

1. Several buildings _____________________ by the earthquake.

2. Honey _____________________ by bees
3. The best-seller book “Lost Symbol” _____________________ by Dan Brown.
4. He _____________________ five days in the jungle.
5. The Holy Bible _____________________ to several languages.
6. Global warming _____________________ by pollution and smoke.
7. A Literature Nobel prize _____________________ to Mario Vargas Llosa in 2010.
8. Many bottles of water _____________________ every day.
9. Rabbits _____________________ blind.
10. Cars _____________________ by mechanics.

2
https://www.tes.com/lessons/UwgPXrOBwSYMPw/passive-voice
12 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I
 INGLÉS II

PRACTICE 1 Choose the correct alternative.

1. A new medicine ___________________ to the patient lately.
a. has given b. has been given c. was given
2. My TV _____________________ these days, this is why I am listening to the radio.
a. is being repaired b. is repaired c. is repairing
3. The new student _____________________ a punishment.
a. give b. was gave c. was given
4. The homework _____________________ printed or by e-mail.
a. can present b. can be delivered c. sent
5. Coffee _____________________ either hot in the winter or cold in the summer.
a. drinks b. is drinking c. is drunk
6. A new book _____________________ by my favorite author this year.
a. published b. be publish c. has been published
7. Elections for the president _____________________ a few days ago.
a. were canceled b. cancelled c. have been canceled
8. Janitors _____________________ a free day on Sundays.
a. gave b. are given c. were giving
9. An e-mail _____________________ to the director by an anonymous writer.
a. sent b. was sent c. sending
10. The telephone _____________________ by Alexander Graham Bell.
a. invent b. invented c. was invented

Turn the following sentences into passive voice.

1. A forest fire destroyed the whole suburb.
___________________________________________________________________
2. Larry donated money to the homeless shelter.
___________________________________________________________________
3. Do people speak English in Canada?
___________________________________________________________________
4. Will they appoint him as the new chairman?
_____________________________________________________________________
5. Thousands of tourists visit the Grand Canyon every year.
_____________________________________________________________________
6. The tiger was chasing the deer.
_____________________________________________________________________
7. The police have caught the thief.
_____________________________________________________________________
8. The gardener has planted some trees.
_____________________________________________________________________

13 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

MODALS OF ADVICE: SHOULD / OUGHT TO / HAD BETTER3.

SHOULD
USE: We use should every time we want to give advice or an opinion.
FORMATION: should / shouldn’t + base form
EXAMPLES: The movie was great; you should watch it.
You shouldn´t drink sodas.
OUGHT TO
USE: We can use ought to instead of should to give advice or an opinion.
FORMATION: ought to / ought not to + base form
EXAMPLES: The movie was great, you ought to watch it.
You ought not to drink sodas.
HAD BETTER
USE: We use had better when it is advisable to do something.
If you don´t, there will be a problem or a danger.
FORMATION: had better / had better not + base form
EXAMPLES: I’d better study for the test or I’ll fail.
I’d better not meet my friends today.

PRACTICE 2 Circle the correct option.

1. Dave loves chocolate, but he _________________ too much or he will get fat.
A. should eat not
B. shouldn't eat
C. had better not eat
2. I'm going to visit your country. Where _______________ if I want to go shopping?
A. I should go
B. ought to I go
C. should I go
3. Viruses may spread rapidly from person-to- person. Everybody _______________ their hands
more frequently.
A. ought wash
B. ought to wash
C. should to wash
4. A: I think that the grade my teacher gave me on my test is wrong.
B: Really? You ______________ to her after class today.
A. should to talk
B. ought talk
C. ought to talk
3
https://en.islcollective.com/
14 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I
 INGLÉS II

5. A: I'm so hot.
B: You _________________ your coat!
A. should take off
B. should put on
C. should to take off
6. The airline only allows two pieces of luggage. You _________________ pack too much or you
will have to take it out at the airport!
A. had not better
B. better not
C. had better not
7. My mother isn't feeling well, so I told her that she _______________ to the doctor.
A. ought
B. ought to go
C. ought go
8. It's raining and I don't want to get my dress wet. I _________________ an umbrella.
A. had better to bring
B. had better bring
C. had better not bring

VOCABULARY PHRASAL VERBS WITH GET

GET ACROSS: To communicate an idea, to make someone able to understand something.

GET ALONG WITH: To have a good, friendly relationship with someone
GET AT SOMEBODY: To criticize someone frequently, be unpleasant to someone.
GET RID OF: To eliminate or throw something away.
GET DOWN TO: To start working on something, especially something you’ve been avoiding.
GET OVER: To recover from something or return to your usual state of health or happiness.
GET BY: To manage something with difficulty, by having just enough of something you need.
GET AWAY: to leave or escape from a person or place, often when it is difficult to do this.

Complete the sentences with the correct phrasal verb.

1. Even though there are six of them in the house, they all ____________each other.
2. I have a bad feeling. I think we should ___________ from here.
3. This is the message that we want to ________ to the public.
4. I want to ____________ all these boxes. They’ve been lying around for ages!
5. She keeps______________ me for every little thing. I can’t do anything right!
6. Some poor families manage to ____________on just £10 a day.
7. Ok, the lunch is finished; let’s______________ business!
8. It took her a long time to __________their separation.

15 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

UNIT 3
THE IMPERATIVE
The imperative mood uses the base form of the verb.
• Walk to the corner, turn right, and cross the road.
• Open your mouth and say ‘Aaaah’.
• Don’t lose that key.

FIGURE IT OUT
1. We use the imperative to
 give clear instructions  give direct orders  make an invitation
 indicate signs  give friendly informal advice

2. The imperative goes

 at the beginning of the sentence  at the end of the sentence

3. The negative form of the imperative is

 don’t  not

Think about the best word to complete each sentence with the imperative in affirmative or
negative.
1. ____________ a knife when you are eating.
2. ____________ a reservation at the restaurant because I have already done it.
3. ____________ your bedroom before you leave for school.
4. ____________ a promotion this year.
5. ____________ the dog. It’s famished.
6. ____________ home late! Remember you are still grounded!
7. ____________ for your turn.
8. ____________ the box carefully
9. ____________ run! The floor is wet.
10. ____________ me lies. You should be honest.

16 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II
Fill in the gaps using imperative with the correct words from the box.
Some of these imperative forms are negative.

have - phone - go - leave - clean - sit - drink - close - take - give

1. ________your shoes.
2. Today's her birthday. ______ her, please.
3. _________her my phone number. I don’t want her to call me.
4. It's cold outside. _____________the window, please.
5. __________ a piece of this cake.
6. ________on the table. It’s very rude.
7. ___________your dirty boots outside.
8. _________and drive. You could have an accident.
9. _____________them to the airport, please.
10. ____________to the park at night, could be dangerous.

CONNECTORS TO GIVE EXAMPLES

17 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

Write the correct connector of to give examples

1. I am traveling to Brazil with the two most important people in the company,
______________________Mr. Nakamura and Mrs. Smith.
2. I am looking for any kind of entertainment on the internet, ______________________ games,
social networks, magazines.
3. Every day a new animal is in danger of extinction. ______________________, the giraffe has
been added to the list recently.
4. The essay is about the most important memory that you have as a child.
______________________, think about when you were a young kid and the kind of places you
used to go.
5. The new president has the duty to solve two of the most important issues affecting our country
______________________ corruption and delinquency.
6. From all the problems that chauvinism has in our culture. Violence against women is
______________________
7. There are in fact many things you could do in order to improve your performance.
______________________, you can try running a mile every day.
8. Go to the grocery store and buy things we can storage for at least a month,
______________________ cans of tuna fish, pasta, bottled water.

ANTONYMS
Choose the antonym of the word in bold:

1. Her character is very mild. (A) cruel (B) gentle (C) bad (D) rude
2. Many snakes are innocuous. (A) ferocious (B) frail (C) harmful (D) fast
3. It was a voluntary gesture. (A) valuable (B) deliberate (C) violent (D) compulsory
4. I don’t like this dry weather. (A) barren (B) sterile (C) arid (D) wet
5. The city has many archaic buildings. (A) broken (B) old (C) modern (D) dilapidated
6. He was sued for breach of contract. (A) failure (B) crime (C) disjoin (D) observance
7. It was a wide path. (A) long (B) narrow (C) extensive (D) roomy
8. A heart attack was the cause of his demise. (A) birth (B) plain (C) debacle (D) hesitation
9. Have you met an eminent writer? (A) unknown (B) acclaimed (C) ludicrous (D) insane
10. He is just conceited fellow. (A) sullen (B) sensible (C) persistent (D) modest
11. This could be detrimental to the economy. (A) harmless (B) rare (C) harmful (D) adequate
12. He enjoyed his plunge in the pool. (A) dive (B) climb (C) duck (D) sink

18 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II
Reading4
William Shakespeare was a poet and a playwright and is
widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English
language. He was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, in central
England, in 1564 and he died in 1616. His surviving work
consists of 38 plays, 154 sonnets and some other poems.
He is best known for his plays, which have been translated
into every major language and are performed more than
those of any other playwright in the world.
When William Shakespeare was 18 years old he married
Anne Hathaway, and they had three children.
Shakespeare went to London to work as an actor and a
writer. In 1599 the Globe Theatre was built in London and
it was in this theatre, situated on the banks of the River
Thames, that some of Shakespeare’s plays were first performed. In 1613 the theatre was destroyed
by a fire. However, a modern reconstruction of the theatre was built near the original site in 1997 so
even today you can go to the Globe Theatre to see one of Shakespeare's plays.
Shakespeare’s work is still very popular today. But why do we like these old plays? Perhaps it is
because they all contain fantastic stories. His characters suffer bloody battles, deaths by poison, huge
family fights, problems between brothers and sisters, problems between parents and children.The
plays are also full of parties, weddings and funerals. They are quite simply action-packed.
Maybe his most famous play is Hamlet, this play is about revenge and also about how difficult it is to
take action sometimes, even when it is important. Hamlet’s father is murdered by another man, who
then marries Hamlet’s mother. Everybody wants to see Hamlet dead. Hamlet must take revenge, but
will he be able to? The famous quotation ‘To be or not to be, that is the question’ comes from this play.
The Merchant of Venice, another great play is about the idea that people usually get what they deserve
in the end, good or bad. Antonio, a businessman, borrows money from Shylock, a money lender. If he
doesn’t pay back this money in time, Shylock will cut off a piece of his body. Antonio loses all his
business and must pay this terrible price … but is saved by love.

1. When was William Shakespeare born?

a. 1498 b. 1564 c. 1895
2. Where was Shakespeare born?
a. Oxford b. Cambridge c. Stratford-upon-Avon
3. What's the name of the ‘Shakespeare theatre' in London?
a. The World Theatre b. The Globe Theatre c. The Shakespeare Theatre
4. ‘To be or not to be, that is the question’ is from which play?
a. The Merchant of Venice b. Henry V c. Hamlet
5. Play in which the author show us the uncertainty in life.
a. The Merchant of Venice b. Henry V c. Hamlet

4
https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/sites/teens/files/shakespeare

19 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

PHRASAL VERBS WITH TAKE5

EXERCISES

1. If we don't take this DVD ___________to the store today, we will have to pay a fine.
2. On my street, we _________________ our garbage on Thursday nights.
3. I was _________________ by the company after they saw I had good experience.
4. In your family, who do you most _________________?
5. Jenny _________________ her make-up every night after dinner.
6. Her father took golf ______________ after he retired.
7. Are you _________________ what I am saying?
8. I hope the children don't __________their grandfather. He had a terrible temper.
9. It was a very good lesson and very easy to ______________.
10. The police officer ___________the handcuffs from the prisoner two hours ago.

5
https://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/courses/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1.htm
20 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I
 INGLÉS II

UNIT 4

REPORTED SPEECH
6

Remember that many things change when you use reported Speech. Some of them are: Subject pronouns,
Possessive Adjectives, Possessive pronouns, Object pronouns, the tense, place and time expressions.

TENSE CHANGE

Direct speech Indirect speech

Present simple Past simple
She said: “It’s cold.” She said it was cold.

Present continuous: Past continuous

She said: “I’m teaching English online.” She said she was teaching English online.

Past simple Past perfect

She said: “I bought this book yesterday.” She said she had bought that book.

Present perfect Past perfect

She said: “I’ve been in the city since 1999.” She said she had been in the city since 1999.

Present perfect continuous Past perfect continuous

She : “I have been teaching English for She said she had been teaching English for
seven years.” seven years.

Past continuous Past perfect continuous

She said: “I was reading earlier.” She said she had been reading earlier.

6
https://www.brickfieldidiomas.com/como-aprender-el-reported-speech/
21 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I
 INGLÉS II

Place and time expressions

Direct speech Indirect speech
Today That day
now Then / at the moment
yesterday The day before / the previous day
Last week The week before
Next year The following year
tomorrow The next day / the following day
here There
this That
These those
Days ago Days before
Tonight That night

Modal verbs NO backshift

Direct speech Indirect speech Past perfect
will Would Could
can could Would
Must / have to Must or had to Might
May Might should
shall should
ought to ought to
FIGURE IT OUT
1. We use reported speech to
 report information we hear  when the action is more important than
the subject
2. The reporting verbs are in
 present tense  simple past tense

3. When we use “said” we need

 an object pronoun  nothing but a sentence

4. In reported speech, we
 change the sentence to the past  keep the original tense

5. In reported speech we
 use the same subject pronouns / objet pronouns / possessive adjectives
 change subject pronouns / objet pronouns / possessive adjectives

6. In reported speech we change the time expressions

 true  false
22 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I
 INGLÉS II

Examples:
"I don't need your help."
"I'm visiting Europe in July."
"I'll pay the bills this month."
"I had a brilliant idea."
- The patient said she didn’t need my help.
- The engineer said he was visiting Europe in July.
- He told me that he would pay the bills that month.
- He told me he'd had a brilliant idea.

Direct Speech: Susan told Juan, “I like your car. Mine is ugly”
Reported Speech: Susan told Juan, she liked his car. Hers was ugly”
➢ What has changed? 1. The subject pronoun.
2. the tense of the verb
3. the possessive adjective
4. the possessive pronoun.
Report these affirmative sentences

1. The student told the teacher “The exam was really tricky”
The student told her____________________________________________________.
2. "This bridge will be ready by October” The mayor said
He said______________________________________________________________.
3. "I can't help you. I am sorry" he said.
He told me____________________________________________________________.
4. "I have taken part in three marathons" My grandfather said.
He told me___________________________________________________________.
5. "You should listen to your teacher." Ana told the boys.
She told the boys______________________________________________________.
6. "I was watching a movie when he called me" she told him.
She told him__________________________________________________________.
7. "I am interested in learning Russian," he said.
He said______________________________________________________________.
8. "I didn’t go to the party yesterday," he said.
He said __________________________________________________________.
9. “We won't see you tomorrow."” They said.
They told me __________________________________________________________.
10. “You can write with pen or pencil” The teacher said.
He told me ____________________________________________________________

23 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

REPORTED QUESTIONS

Reported YES/NO questions

We introduce reported YES/NO questions with ask + if:

FIGURE IT OUT

1. When we report questions

 change the form and the tense  change the tense

2. If we report a Yes/No questions we

 Add “if” and reorder the question  reorder the question

3. To report questions you need to reorder the question like

 an affirmative sentence  question

4. To report a question use the verb

 said  asked

Reported WH questions
We introduce reported question-word questions with ask + question word:

24 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II
Report these questions
1. The interviewer asked “What do you do for a living?”
He asked ___________________________________________________________.
2. My mother asked me “Where have you been?”
She asked ___________________________________________________________.
3. Juan asked “Did you study enough for the exam?”
He asked ___________________________________________________________.
4. My son requested “Can I go to the park with my friends?”
He asked ___________________________________________________________.
5. The boys wondered “Will there be enough people at the conference?”
They asked ___________________________________________________________.
6. The officer demanded “May I see your passport please?”
She asked ___________________________________________________________.
7. My mother asked me “Who are you going with?”
She asked ___________________________________________________________.
8. Manuelito asked me “Does he play tennis with his girlfriend?”
He asked ___________________________________________________________.
9. My secretary said “Are you OK?”
She asked ___________________________________________________________.
10. My sister told me “Why did you tell my secret?”
She asked ___________________________________________________________.

REPORTED IMPERATIVE

25 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II
PRACTICE 1
Choose the correct alternative

1. Jesus Christ _______ us to love one another.

a. said b. asked c. told
2. He asked if I _________ give him a hand the following day.
a. will b. can c. would
3. Marianito said that he ___________ the previous week.
a. has been trapped b. had been trapped c. was trapped
4. My sister never told me that _____ had met _____ favorite actor when she had been in the U.S.
a. I / my b. you / your c. she / her
5. The president said that our economy ____________ sooner or later.
a. is going to take off b. would take off c. will take off
6. He asked me____________ help him move this heavy box.
a. If you could b. If I could c. You could
7. The reporter told her _______________ highway 123.
a. not to take b. to not take c. don’t take
8. He asked _______________________ get some milk.
a. where he could b. could I get c. where can I
9. He said _______________ home early the day before.
a. he is going b. he was going c. was he going
10. He ___________ that they were happy.
a. tells me b. told to her c. told him
11. He ________ he could swim really fast when he was a kid.
a. said me b. told that c. said that
12. Maria apologised for not coming. She said she had been busy ____.
a. the previous day b. the following day c. the next day
13. The student promised that he _______ there the next day.
a. will be b. would be c. is going to be
14. My father warned me _____ anyone about the incident.
a. not told b. not telling c. no to tell
15. He said that his car _________ the day before.
a. had been stolen b. was stolen c. has been stolen

26 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

READING COMPREHENSION
The elphant is Thailand’s most revered animal.
Elephants are respected for their supposed
wisdom strenght and good fortune. Over the
centuries, they have also been credited with being
able to sense earthquakes, storms and other
disasters long before humans do. The behaviour of
elephants before and during the 2004 South Asia
earthquake and tsunami has added to this
reputation. After the tsunami, reports circulated
around Thailand that elephants had performed
miraculous feats when the waves hit, snatching
people up out of the fast-rising water with their
trunks and pulling them out of harm’s way.
An elphant handler in Khao Lak, one of the worst
hit areas o Thailand’s southwest coast, said: “On
the night before the tsunami hit, the elephants had
been making strange noises. I had never heard
them scream like that before, so I ran out to the
house where they were sleeping because I thought
that there was something wrong with them. A group
of people working at a nearby rubber plant were
also really frightened by the elephants’ screams,
and they begged me to calm them down.” Five minutes before the tsunami hit the coast, the elephants,
standing in chains waiting to take tourists on treks, began screaming again. One of them broke free
and ran uphill. Another one carrying tourists on its back also bolted to safety.
It is thought that elphants have a sixth sense that shouldn’t be ignored. Some scientists think that
elephants can tune in to the low-frequency vibrations that precede a tsunami or earthquake. And it is
not just elephants. At Yala National Park in Sri Lanka, for example, few animals of any kind appear to
have died in the tsunami, althought tens of thousands of people lost their lives there. This is not , of
course, a new idea. It has been thought for centuries that animals can predict earthquakes, and there
is plenty of evidence to base this belief on.

Write T (true) or F (false)

1. Elephants are highly respected animals in Thailand. (….)
2. In the 2004 tsunami, elephants saved some people. (….)
3. Human can also sense the approach of tsunamis or earthquakes. (….)
4. Scientists believe that we shouldn’t pay attention to animal’s behaviour. (….)

27 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

UNIT 5

CONDITIONALS

Conditional clauses begin with If and they refer to possible and imaginary situations in the present,
past and even the result in the future.
7

FIGURE IT OUT
1. The “if clause” can be at the beginning and in the middle without changing the meaning.
 True  false

2. The first conditional is for a situation that is

 Likely to happen in the present  likely to happen in the past

3. The second conditional is for a situation that is

 Unlikely to happen in the past  unlikely to happen in the present

4. The third conditional is for a situation that is

 Unlikely and happened in the past  unlikely and happened in the present

7
https://www.woodwardenglish.com/lesson/conditional-sentences-if-clauses-introduction/
28 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I
 INGLÉS II

PRACTICE 1
Choose the correct alternative
1. If the firm __________ more money, we would open a new subsidiary.
a. have b. had c. would have d. had had
2. If you do a great work, you _________promoted soon.
a. will be b. would be c. get d. had been
3. If I __________my job, I would have to get back to my parent’s house.
a. had lost b. will lose c. lost d. loses
4. We would have known what to do if we _____________that consultant.
a. would hire b. hired c. had hired d. hire
5. Anna will quit her job if the manager ________________.
a. apologizes b. don’t apologize c. is not apologizing d. didn’t apologize
6. If you_______ a bad team leader, we will go under.
a. are b. am c. will be d. sees
7. It _____________more convenient for the company if the exchange rate had decreased.
a. would be b. would have been c. would has been d. was
8. If we ___________ more information to our competitors, we would go on bankrupt.
a. gives b. gave c. would give d. had given
9. If I had taken that opportunity, I _____________ something new.
a. experienced b. would experience c. will experience d. would have experienced
10. If you ________fired, what would you do?
a. were b. had been c. is d. would drink

Complete the Conditional Sentences ( I, II or III) by putting the verbs into the correct form.
1. If she (have) _________________ time on Sunday, she will come to see us.
2. If you sneak out quietly, my dad (not notice) _________________________.
3. If I (know) ___________________ about your situation, I would have given you a hand.
4. If I (be) ________________________ you, I would not go to that party.
5. Juan (arrive) ___________________ earlier if he had not overslept.
6. If I didn't have a smart TV, my life (not / be) __________________ complete.
7. If I (be) _____________________ a bird, I would be an eagle.
8. If I (tell) ___________________ you the truth, you would be delighted.
9. She (not go) _____________________ out with him even if he asked her
10. I would not have read your diary if you (not hide) ____________ it in my bedroom. You silly!

29 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II
MODALS POSSIBILITY AND CERTAINTY
MUST-CAN’T-MAY-MIGHT-COULD

Complete the sentences with the right modal verb.

1. This jacket is too small. It ____________ be Peter’s. He is big.
2. Are you going to Camaná this summer? I don’t know. I __________________ stay home.
3. After 10 hours traveling by bus, you ____________ be exhausted.
4. Peter ___________have a lot of problems with this trial. He looks miserable.
5. Lisa ______________come today. She told me she was feeling bad in the morning.
6. Susan _______spend a lot of money on clothes. She is always wearing something new.
7. It __________ rain tomorrow so we’d better plan an indoor dinner.
8. Ana got her driver´s license. She _____________ be delighted.

PRACTICE 2 Choose the correct alternative.

1. Paul is behaving in a very unusual way. I think he ______ again.
a. can't drink b. can is drinking c. might be drinking
2. I think there ______ a mistake in your tax return. You should check.
a. can't be b. might be c. mustn’t be
3. If Suzan said that, it ______ true. She never lies.
a. might be b. must be c. can be
4. Careful with that! It _______________ hot, the water is starting to boil.
a. must be b. can´t be c. may be
5. Tom ___________ a new car. He said he did not have money.
a. can´t have b. mustn´t have c. may have
6. He ______ be very proud of you right now. You disappointed him.
a. must not b. can't c. might
7. It's too early to have finished the exam. He ______ have it done right.
a. must not b. can't c. might

30 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II
IRREGULAR PLURAL NOUNS
In general, the plural of a noun is formed by adding -s to the noun, however there are a lot of spelling rules that we need to take
into consideration, in the chart below you will find the correct forms of some irregular plural nouns.

Choose the correct form of the plural noun

1. These trees have very long (branch / branches).
2. There are beautiful (geese / goose) at the Commons in Boston.
3. Some (child / children) are very spoilt. They always have tantrums.
4. We can’t sue them for the fire. It was an (accident / accidents).
5. Sophomore students are not very used to wild (party / parties).
6. I love my puppies as if they were my (babys / babies).
7. Wild (wolfs / wolves) are great hunters. They live far in the mountains.
8. I don’t really like (fish / fishes) so I am not a big fan of Cebiche.
9. We have to do something. There are (mouse / mice) in the kitchen.
10.Tigers and lions have sharp (tooth / teeth).

31 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II
Vocabulary
PHRASAL VERBS WITH COME

Come up with = Create or invent something. Think of an idea or plan.

She's come up with some amazing scheme to double her income.
Come over = Come to someone’s house.
If you come over tomorrow after school, I’ll help you with your homework.
Come off = When something becomes separated or unstuck from another thing
The paint is starting to come off the wall in the kitchen.
Come apart = Break, separate
The cup just came apart in my hands.
Come around = To become conscious or recover consciousness.
She passed out and hasn’t come around yet.
Come across sth = To find something by chance.
He came across some old letters in his desk.
Come Back = To return to a place.
I'll come back and pick you up in half an hour.

Complete the sentences with the correct phrasal verb.

1. She came_______ old dresses in the cellar.

2. Is your family coming______ for the party?
3. The chewing gum wouldn’t __________from under the table.
4. This bed is so old that is coming_________.
5. His mother has _________ after having had a severe stroke.
6. We're having a meeting to try to _________ ideas for fund-raising.
7. If you keep rubbing, the paint will ___________.
8. We racked our brains but we couldn't ________ a solution.
9. You are welcome to ________to our house and share a nice meal.
10. I was worried when Barry didn't _________ at the usual time.

32 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

EXPRESSIONS
PROVERBS
Proverbs or sayings are expressions used to give some form of life advice. Every single language has
them, and it is essential to have all the words in each proverb so as to understand their meaning.
Read the following proverbs and their examples. Write their meanings
PROVERB EXAMPLE MEANING
1. When in Rome, do as the Having travelled so many When you are in a new place or
Romans do countries, his favourite advice situation, try to act like the
is when in Rome, do as the majority.
Romans.
2. Where there’s smoke, Matilda came to school with a
there’s fire black eye today. She didn’t
want to say anything about it.
I think that where there’s
smoke, there’s fire.”
3. Birds of a feather flock We are going to start hanging
together out because we love comics.
Birds of a feather flock
together
4. Learn to walk before you I have been told that my plan is
run. too aggressive and that I need
to learn to walk before I run.
5. Don’t put too many irons You study and also have two
in the fire. jobs, no wonder you are
exhausted! Do not put too
many irons in the fire.
6. People in glass houses Henry, don’t speak ill about
shouldn’t throw stones. her, you know what they say
about stones and glass
houses.
7. No man is an island You can’t just leave your family
and friends like that. No man is
an island
8. The pen is mightier than Let’s use diplomacy to solve
the sword. our problems. Remember the
pen is mightier than the
sword.
9. The squeaky wheel gets A: I don’t really understand how
the grease. she got so many promotions.
B: Because the squeaky
wheel gets the grease.
10. Two wrongs don’t I know she made you angry,
make a right but did you have to steal her
phone? Two wrongs don’t
make a right.

33 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

READING

Guess Who I Bumped into? 8

Tim wandered along the path thinking aloud, "If I continue this diet I should lose twenty pounds by the
end of..." when BOOM! he bumped into another city dweller out for a day's walk in the park.
"I'm terribly sorry," he apologized, "I was so caught up in my thoughts, I didn't see you!" he managed
to stammer.
Smiling, Sheila responded, "It's OK. Nothing's broken... No really, I wasn't watching my step either."
Suddenly they both stopped making excuses and stared at each other.
"Don't I know you from somewhere?" inquired Tim while Sheila exclaimed, "You're Tim, Jack's brother,
aren't you?!"
They both began to laugh as they had met each other the week before at a party that Jack had given.
Still laughing, Tim suggested, "Why don't we have a cup a coffee and donut?" to which Sheila replied,
"I thought you wanted to continue your diet!" They both were still laughing by the time they reached
the Swimming Donut café.

1. Why did Tim bump into Sheila?

a. He was on a diet.
b. He wasn't paying attention.
c. He was writing his thoughts down.
2. Where do they live?
a. In the park
b. In the countryside
c. In the city
3. Where did they first meet?
a. In the park
b. At the Swimming Donut
c. At Tim's Brother's house
4. Why was Tim's suggestion funny?
a. He was supposedly on a diet.
b. The name of the café was strange.
c. They were on a walk and there were no donuts in the park.

8
https://www.thoughtco.com/reported-speech-and-quiz-4176664

34 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I

 INGLÉS II

Answer key

Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5

P1 P2 P1 P2 P1 P2 P1 P1
1.c 1.b 1.b 1.c 1.b 1.c 1.c 1.c
2.a 2.c 2.a 2.a 2.a 2.a 2.a 2.c
3.a 3.a 3.b 3.c 3.c 3.b 3.c 3.b
4.c 4.c 4.a 4.b 4.b 4.c 4.c 4.c
5.a 5.c 5.c 5.a 5.c 5.a 5.c 5.b
6.b 6.a 6.c 6.b 6.c 6.c 6.a 6.b
7.a 7.b 7.b 7.b 7.a 7.b 7.b 7.a
8.b 8.b 8.a 8.c 8.b 8.b 8.c 8.a
9.b 9.c 9.c 9.b 9.b
10.c 10.c 10.b 10.c 10.c

BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES
Barrall, I. R. E. N. E. and Nikolas. (2008). Intelligent Business (2ª ed.). England: Pearson
http://english.skola.edu.mt/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/08_Comparative-and-superlative.pdf
http://mrraddish-lakecable.weebly.com/simile--metaphor.html
https://www.tes.com/lessons/UwgPXrOBwSYMPw/passive-voice
https://en.islcollective.com/
https://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/courses/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1.htm
https://this.deakin.edu.au/society/is-emoji-the-language-of-the-future
https://www.fresherslive.com/online-questions/verbal-ability-test/analogy
https://www.brickfieldidiomas.com/como-aprender-el-reported-speech/
https://www.fresherslive.com/online-questions/verbal-ability-test/synonyms
https://www.woodwardenglish.com/lesson/conditional-sentences-if-clauses-introduction/
https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/sites/teens/files/shakespeare

35 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera Admisión 2024-I