WISCO CHINA

2013 version
General Introduction of Cold-rolled Electrical Steel

At present, WISCO has a 1.70 million tons

annual capacity on cold-rolled electrical steel,
among which oriented electrical steel occupies
0.40 million (including 0.17 million tons of
high permeability grain-oriented steel, 0.23
million tons of conventional oriented electrical
steel), 1.30 million tons of non-oriented
electrical steel.
 Characteristics of Cold-rolled Electrical Steel

ƒ Magnetic Property：
Low core loss and high permeability,
especially for HIB

ƒ Shape ： Transverse and

longitudinal thickness differences
are small. The lamination or
stacking factors are remarkably
good.
ƒ Insulation Coating
A variety of surface insulations are available to choose. The smooth, tightly adherent
coating which has passed the certification of REACH and RoHs provides high
levels of insulation resistance, processability, as well as protection against high
temperature and rusting.

ƒ Good Processing Performance

The material is suitable for cut and/or punch. The users ensuring the accurate working
and correct tools are able to acquire laminations with good geometrical properties
after stamping.

ƒ Surface Condition
The surfaces shall be smooth and clean. There are no defects which will affect the
further use of the supplied materials, such as rusts, roller marks, holes, double skin,
fold marks, blisters, laminations, etc.
ƒ Characteristics of Surface Insulation Coating

Type Oriented Electrical Steel Non-oriented Electrical Steel

Coating Type T2 T4
Composition Inorganic Semi-organic
Coating Thickness
2-4 0.8-2
μm
Interlayer Resistance
≥30 ≥5
Ω.cm2/pc
Adhesion B-F Level A-B Level
Punching Performance Good Good
Rust Resistance Good Good
It is able to withstand 800℃ relief It is able to withstand 750℃ relief
Heat Resistance annealing in non-oxidizing annealing in non-oxidizing
atmosphere atmosphere
With a high corrosion resistance to insulating paint, machine oil and
Corrosion Resistance
refrigerating media
Remarks: Some of the new coatings are not included here and can be supplied as per users’
requirements.
ƒ Cautions for Use of Cold-rolled Electrical Steel
The punching, cutting and bending process of cold-rolled electrical steel strips
(sheets) will cause mechanical stress and strain, which will lead to the deterioration
of magnetism. The degree of deterioration increases with narrowing of the punching
width. For example, when the punching width of the core decreases from 30mm to 3
mm, the specific total loss will increase by about 40%. Therefore, the relief
annealing must be used for small motor cores, micro-motor cores and cold-rolled
oriented electrical steel strips (sheets) after being punched and bended so as to
relieve mechanical stress and strain and to restore the original magnetism of the
material.
ƒ Here is an instruction of relief annealing
1. Annealing Temperature:
The annealing temperature should not be too high and is limited to the temperature that will be
able to restore the original level of magnetism. High temperature annealing, of course, can further
improve the magnetism, but will also affect the insulation coating and cause lamination bonding.
Oriented electrical steel strips (sheets) generally applies to 800 ± 10 ℃, while non-oriented
electrical steel strips (sheets) applies to 700 ～ 750 ℃.
2. Annealing Time:
The annealing time is the holding time after the furnace temperature achieves the set temperature.
Generally it is the time required for the core to heat evenly through. The actual annealing time
depends on the way of annealing, the furnace type, the batch, the charging way and the core size. In
order to prevent the deformation of lamination due to thermal stress during heating and cooling
process, the heating rate and cooling rate must be properly controlled. The best way of heating is to
heat from the laminated side. The cooling rate depends on the batch. The cooling rate should be
lower than 30 ℃ / hour for the batch within a few tons. If the batch is larger, the cooling rate should
be lower.
 3. Annealing Atmosphere
The annealing atmosphere applied should not cause oxidation and carburization of lamination,
as well as significant deterioration of insulation coating of electrical steel strips (sheets) surface.
In order not to cause oxidation of lamination, it is better to apply hydro nitrogen mixed gas with
2～10% hydrogen. The protective atmosphere dew point generally should be below 0 ℃.
4. To prevent carburization and oxidation
As the carbon content of our cold-rolled electrical steel strips (sheets) is less than 0.025%, in
order to prevent deterioration of magnetism, we must take strict precautions against carburization
during relief annealing.
The furnace materials, such as the furnace cover,
the floor should use low-carbon steel. The residual
oil on lamination surface should be cleared before
the annealing. Preventing oxidation of lamination is
an important measure to relieve stress. In addition
to the proper annealing atmosphere, it is also
important to make sure that the furnace is sealed in
good condition and nitrogen or other inert gas is
inlet for cleaning before heating.
 Oriented Electrical Steel
ƒ Scope of Application
Oriented electrical steel is generally classified as conventional oriented electrical steel and
high permeability oriented electrical steel. It is widely used in transformers, large-scale
generators and other equipment cores. Compared with general oriented electrical steel, high
permeability oriented electrical steel has a higher permeability, a lower hysteresis loss,
a lower hysteresis expansion and a lower sensitivity of assembly stress.
▪ Size
Thickness 0.23mm, 0.27mm, 0.30mm
Available Width 850mm ～ 1000mm
Coil
ID 510mm
Single Weight 2 ～ 4ton
▪ Surface Insulation
Unless otherwise specified, HIB and conventional GO are supplied with inorganic
coating T2.
 ƒ Magnetic Property & Stacking Factor
The properties of each grade will be lower than maximum core loss, higher than minimum
polarization and stacking factor as given in table 1. The specified value of core loss is tested
at 1.7 T and 50Hz. The specified value of magnetic polarization is tested at 800A/m.

Thick Theoretical Max. Specific Min. Magnetic Min.

Steel
Product ness Density Total Loss P1.7/50 Polarization Stacking
Grade
mm kg/dm3 w/kg B800 T Factor %

23RK085 0.85 1.88

Laser Scribe High
7.65
Permeability GO 23RK090 0.90 1.88 94.5
0.23
High Permeability 23QG090 0.90 1.88
7.65
Go 23QG095 0.95 1.88
27RK090 0.90 1.89
Laser Scribe High
27RK095 7.65 0.95 1.89
Permeability GO
0.27 27RK100 1.00 1.89 95.0

High Permeability 27QG100 1.00 1.89

7.65
Go 27QG120 1.20 1.89
After stress relief heat treatment, the test specimens shall be tested as specified in GB/T 3655

ƒ Magnetic Property & Overlapping Factor Standards

Thick Theoretical Max. Specific Min. Magnetic Min.

Steel
Product ness Density Total Loss P1.7/50 Polarization Overlapping
Grade
mm kg/dm3 w/kg B800 T Factor %

30RK100 1.00 1.89

Laser Scribe High
7.65
Permeability GO 30RK105 1.05 1.89 95.5
0.30
High Permeability 30QG105 1.01 1.92
7.65
Go 30QG120 1.05 1.91
23Q110 1.10 1.81 94.5
27Q120 1.20 1.82
0.23 95.0
Conventional GO 0.27 27Q130 7.65 1.30 1.81
0.30
30Q120 1.20 1.82
95.5
30Q130 1.30 1.81

Remarks: For high permeability and conventional GO, the test specimens, after stress relief heat
treatment, shall be tested as specified in GB/T 3655. For Laser Scribe high permeability GO, the test
method is GB/T 13789.
▪ Size & Tolerance
Width Thickness Thickness Tolerance Transverse Thickness Width Tolerance
mm mm mm Tolerance mm mm
0.23 ±0.02
0.27 ＋0~
＞850 ≤0.015
±0.03 ＋1.5
0.30

▪ Others

( 1) strip ( sheet ) with smooth surface, without defects such as rust, mill marks, hole, bubble,
stratification, roller printing, and so on;
( 2) the burr height is not more than 0.02mm;
( 3) flatness of the strip ( sheet ) not more than 1%, camber is not more than 1.0mm per two meters.
 Non-oriented Electrical Steel
¾ Conventional Non-oriented Electrical Steel (Full Process)
Scope of Application:
The non-oriented electrical steel (full process)
is class high grade non-oriented electrical steel and mid-low
grade non-oriented electrical steel. High-grade non-oriented
electrical steel is widely used in rotating motor, small transformers
and other electromechanical equipment cores. The mid-low grade
non-oriented electrical steel is widely used in low-cost production
of household appliances and other equipments, especially
applicable to production of continuous punching machines.
 ▪ Size
35WW230～35WW440 0.35mm
High Grade
Thickness 50WW250～50WW470 0.50mm
Mid-low Grade 50WW600～50WW1300 0.50mm
35WW230～35WW440
High Grade 1000mm
Standard 50WW250～50WW470
Width
1000mm、1100mm、
Coil Width Mid-low Grade 50WW600～50WW1300
1150mm、1200mm
Available High Grade 900mm ～ 1050mm
Width
Mid-low Grade 900mm ～ 1250mm
Coil ID 510mm
High Grade 2 ～ 5 ton
Single Weight
Mid-low Grade 2 ～ 8 ton
▪ Surface Insulation
Non-oriented electrical steel (whole process) has semi-organic insulation coating T4 (Other coatings
can be used as per users’ requirements).
▪ Size & Tolerance
Width Thickness Thickness Tolerance Horizontal Thickness Width Tolerance Camber
mm mm mm Difference mm mm mm
0.35 ±0.03 ≤0.03 +1.5
＞1000 ≤1.0
0.50 ±0.03 ≤0.04 0
ƒ Magnetic Property & Overlapping Factor
Each steel grade is guaranteed to the max. specific total loss, the min. magnetic polarization and
the min. overlapping factor. The specific total loss is 1.5T and 50Hz. The magnetic polarization is
5000A / m.
Unless otherwise specified, each steel grade is supplied with specific total loss of 1.5T and 50Hz
and the magnetic polarization of 5000A / m.
Thickness Theoretical Max. Specific Total Min. Magnetic Min. Overlapping
(mm) Steel Grade Density Loss P1.5/50 Polarization B5000 Factor (%)
(kg/dm3) (w/kg) (T)
35WW250 2.30 1.62
7.60
35WW270 2.50 1.62
35WW300 2.70 1.62
0.35 95.0
35WW360 7.65 3.00 1.63
35WW400 3.60 1.64
35WW440 7.70 4.00 1.65
50WW250 2.30 1.62
50WW270 7.60 2.50 1.62
50WW290 2.70 1.62
50WW310 2.90 1.62
50WW350 7.65 3.10 1.62
50WW400 3.50 1.63
0.50 97.0
50WW470 7.70 4.00 1.64
50WW600 7.75 4.70 1.66
50WW700 6.00 1.67
7.80
50WW800 7.00 1.68
50WW1000 8.00 1.70
7.85
50WW1300 10.00 1.72
▪ Typical Value of Mechanical Property & Overlapping Factor
Tensile Strength Elongation δ Number of Overlapping
Thickness Steel Grade Rm(MPa) (%) Hardness Bending Factor
mm Hv5 %
L C L C L C
35WW250 550 565 19 27 205 12 11
35WW270 545 560 20 28 200 13 12
35WW300 530 545 22 30 190 17 15
0.35 97.5
35WW360 528 540 27 33 180 28 22
35WW400 500 510 32 40 170 35 31
35WW440 460 475 38 45 160 35 31
50WW270 550 570 22 26 205 12 11
50WW290 545 565 25 28 202 13 12
50WW310 540 555 28 30 195 14 13
50WW350 530 550 30 33 190 16 15
50WW400 490 500 36 41 170 19 17
0.50 50WW470 455 470 38 44 152 28 26 98.5
50WW600 430 445 43 48 132 35 30
50WW700 410 425 45 49 122 40 35
50WW800 385 395 46 50 115 41 36
50WW1000 370 380 48 52 109 43 40
50WW1300 365 370 50 55 105 44 41
Remarks: ⑴ L=Get samples parallel to rolling direction.⑵ C=Get samples perpendicular to rolling direction.
⑶ Use samples with T2 coating for overlapping factor test.⑷ All tests are performed per GB/T2522, GB/T228.
 0.65mm Series of Non-oriented Electrical Steel Strips (Sheets)
▪ Scope of Application：
Mainly for large and medium-sized drive motor and micro-special motor industries. 65W530
is used for large and medium-sized torque drive motor cores, and 65W800 is used for ignition-
start motor cores.

Thickn Specific Magnetic Tensile Elonga Hard

Steel Overlapping
ess Total Loss Polarization Strength tionδ ness
Grade Factor （%）
（mm） P15/50（w/kg） B5000（T） Rm（Mpa） （%） Hv5

65W530 4.32 1.71 450 40 170 99.0

0.65
65W800 5.54 1.71 381 45 120
 ▪ International Units (SI Units) & Unit Conversion Tables
Standard Steel Grade Table of Cold-rolled Electrical Steel
China Japan Germany US Russia Korea
WISCO NSC DIN 46400P.3 AISI(1983) GOST21427.1 POSCO
Thick
ness P15/50 P15/50 P15/50 P15/51 P15/51 P15/51
mm
Steel Steel Steel Steel Steel Steel
Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade （w/k Grade
（w/kg） （w/kg） （w/kg） （w/kg） g） （w/kg）

27QG100 1.00 27ZH100 1.00 M-0H 1.03 27PH1 1.00

32

27QG110 1.10 27ZH110 1.10 M-1H 1.09 3409 1.08 27PH1 1.10
45

27QG120 1.20 3408 1.14

0.27 27Q120 1.20 27Z120 1.20 M-3 1.21 3407 1.20 27PG1 1.20
58
VM- 27PG1
27Q130 1.30 27Z130 1.30 130- 1.30 M-4 1.27 3406 1.27 72 1.30
27S

27Q140 1.40 VM-89- 1.40 3405 1.38

27N
 30QG100 1.00 30ZH100 1.00 30PH132

30QG105 1.05 30ZH105 1.05 M-0H 1.05 30PH139

30QG110 1.10 30ZH110 1.10 VM111- 1.11 M-1H 1.11 3409 1.14 30PH145
30P

0.3 30QG120 1.20 30ZH120 1.20 VM117- 1.17 M-2H 1.17 3408 1.20
30P
30Q120 1.20 30Z120 1.20 M-3 1.23 3407 1.26 30PG158

30Q130 1.30 30Z130 1.30 M-4 1.32 3406 1.33 30PG172

30Q140 1.40 30Z140 1.40 VM140- 1.40 M-5 1.39 3405 1.40 30PG185
30S
35Q135 1.35 35ZH135 1.35 M-3H 1.28 3408 1.30 35PH178

35Q145 1.45 35ZH145 1.45 M-5H 1.45 3406 1.43 35PG191

35Q155 1.55 35ZH155 1.55 VM155- 1.55 M-6H 1.57 3405 1.50 35PG204
355

35WW250 2.50 35H250 2.50 V250- 2.50 36F32 2.53 2413 2.50 35PN320 2.50
35A 0M

35WW270 2.70 35H270 2.70 V270- 2.70 36F32 2.70 2412 2.70 35PN345 2.70
0.35 35A 4

35WW300 3.00 35H300 3.00 V300- 3.00 36F38 3.05 2411 3.00 35PN380 3.00
35A 6M

35WW360 3.60 35H360 3.60 36F45 3.57 35PN455 3.60

2M
35WW400 4.00

35WW440 4.40 35H440 4.40 35PN560 4.40

 50WW250 2.50 50H250 2.50 V250-50A 2.50 50PN320 2.50

50WW270 2.70 50H270 2.70 V270-50A 2.70 2414 2.70 50PN350 2.70

50WW290 2.90 50H290 2.90 V290-50A 2.90 47F364M 2.87 2413 2.90 50PN370 2.90

50WW310 3.10 50H310 3.10 V310-50A 3.10 47F397M 3.13 2412 3.10 50PN395 3.10

50WW350 3.50 50H350 3.50 V350-50A 3.50 47F441M 3.48 2411 3.60 50PN445 3.50

50WW400 4.00 50H400 4.00 V400-50A 4.00 47F529M 4.18 2312 4.00 50PN510 4.00
0.5

50WW470 4.70 50H470 4.70 V470-50A 4.70 47F617M 4.88 2214 4.80 50PN595 4.70

50WW600 6.00 50H600 6.00 V600-50A 6.00 2112 6.00 50PN760 6.00

50WW700 7.00 50H700 7.00 V700-50A 7.00 47F882M 6.98 2012 6.50 50PN890 7.00

50WW800 8.00 50PN101

8.00 50H800 8.00 V800-50A 47F992M 8.00 2011 8.00 8.00
5
50WW1000 10.00 50PN127
10.00 50H1000 10.00 940-50SG 10.00
0
50WW1300 13.00 50PN165
13.00 50H1300 13.00 100-50SG 13.00
0