Instrument 1

Physics Research Investigation

Comparing and Investing The difference in Chemical Reaction
and energy transfers and transformation In electric and
combustion Engine

Name: Benjamin Andrey Chechurov

Teacher HBS
Claim “Australian cars should all be electric by 2030 “
Introduction:

The combustion engines first energy is

chemical potential energy in the air and petrol when the valve opens it lets the air and
petrol into the combustion chamber. That pushes the piston down thus giving the piston
kinetic energy. (Internals of Combustion Engine, 2013)
The piston compresses the mixture transferring the kinetic energy, once
compressed the spark plug uses thermal and light energy to ignite the mixture causing the
chemical potential energy to release with a combustion that has sound thermal and
kinetic energy. This causes the mixture to release and the piston to have kinetic energy
again, this process causes the piston to move up and down this energy is transferred into
forward or backwards kinetic energy by the Crankshaft.
(Internals of Combustion Engine, 2013)

In the electrical vehicle the input energy is electrical energy. Witch is transformed into
chemical potential energy Inside the lithium-ion batteries to be stored for long amounts
of time. It is then transformed back into electrical energy by the inverter witch powers. The
electromagnet that spins the wheels turning electrical energy into kinetic energy. The
Unused energy is transformed into electrical energy than transformed into chemical
Potential energy to be stored in the battery. (Electrical vs Gas Car 2019)

Energy efficacy is the percentage of energy of input that goes out into useful output energy.
(Anon., 2022).
In this report we will investigate the energy efficacy of combustion engines and Energy
motors in electric and combustion cars. The input energy in electric cars is electrical energy
(How electric cars work , 2021 )
and in combustion engines it is chemical potential energy in the petrol (Internals of
Combustion Engine, 2013). The process that
loses the most energy in electric cars is the electrical energy being transformed into
chemical potential energy and losing thermal energy in the battery. The process that loses
the most amount of energy is the combustion due to the sound heat and light energy lost.
(Clouteir, 2013)
Analysis:

This graph shows the fuel economy steadily rising from the 2010-2014 to 2015 with electric
cars leading the way with the highest fuel economy at 204.38 kilometers per unit in
2011 and a predicted 217.26 in 2025. With a very slow rise until 2018 and a faster rise till
2025 compared to combustion engines with a 59.54
kilometers per unit in 2010 and a predicted 89.9 in 2025. With a slow rise until 2017 and a
much sharper rise until 2025.

The trends of this graph is that the fuel economy is going up for all cars. Another trend is
that electric cars Is leading the fuel economy with A fuel economy of 215 in a predicted
2023. The other trend is that combustion vehicles Is the lowest At 80 km per unit in a
predicted 2023. This shows how behind combustion vehicles are in fuel economy this is
why combustion vehicles are less energy efficient the fuel economy is so low. (EIA, 2014)
The energy efficiency is the least amount of energy wasted the better because the combus-
ion engine had such low fuel economy it means it is not as energy is used this is an advan-
tage of electric cars. (EIA, 2014)

Evaluation
The data shows that electric cars have a higher fuel economy (EIA, 2014) and has a higher
energy efficiency. (energy efficency of Ev and Combustion cars , 2020) So the data supports
the claim that all cars should be electric by 2030. Evidence that supports the data is that
they have a fuel economy of 215 km per unit in a predicted 2023 and a combustion engine
has a predicted 80 km per unit in a predicted in 2023 (EIA, 2014).
Figure 2: map of all charging staions in Australia

The pros and cons of electric vehicles other than energy efficancy and fuel econamy Is eco-
nomics is that the price is going down (EIA, 2014) as seen in figure one. The other advant-
tage is that price of the the popularity of electric cars is growing. A con is that only 3.8
percent
Of Austraian cars are electric (The guardian , 2022) another Con is that there are not many
charging station as seen in Figure 2.
Otherall the claim that alll Austraian cars should be electric by 2030 is
supported by evidence of energy efficancy fuel econamy and economics. The chalenges is
that need to be solved is get more people driving electric cars thus driving up the demand
for charging station.
(Electric vs Gas Car , 2019 )

Bibliography

Bibliography
Anon., 2022. Energy Efficancy. [Online]
Available at: https://www.energy.gov/eere/energy-efficiency#:~:text=Energy%20efficiency%20is%20the%20use,less
%20energy%20to%20produce%20goods.
[Accessed 9 march 2023].

CanStar, 2022. Electric Cars pros and cons. [Online]

Available at: https://www.canstarblue.com.au/vehicles/electric-car-pros-and-cons/
[Accessed 2 march 2023].
Clouteir, C., 2013. The Internal Combustion engine, None: NFB.

EIA, 2014. US energy information Administration. [Online]

Available at: https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=17211
[Accessed 2 March 2023].

Electric vs Gas Car. 2019 . [Film] America : bright side .

energy efficency of Ev and Combustion cars. 2020. [Film] Directed by CleanerWatt. America : None .

How electric cars work. 2021 . [Film] America : The science Post .

Internals of Combustion Engine. 2013. [Film] Directed by Claude clouier. Merica: NFB.

Internals of the combustion engine. 2019. [Film] Directed by Station. United states of America: Fun station 4 Kids.

The guardian , 2022. Number of electric vehicles on Australian roads soars as demand exceeds supply. The guardian ,
1(1), p. 1.