Topic 1 Eng

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Topic 1 Planet Earth
Multiple choice questions

Unit 1
Introducing chemistry
1.3: Laboratory safety

1.4: Hazard warning labels
1. What is the meaning of the following hazard warning label?
A Carcinogenic
B Flammable
C Corrosive
D Oxidizing
Answer D
2. Which of the following sequence of steps is correct for obtaining a non-luminous flame?
(1) Fully open the air hole.
(2) Put the burning match just above the top of the chimney.
(3) Close the air hole.
(4) Turn on the gas tap.
A (1) → (2) → (4) → (3)

B (2) → (3) → (4) → (1)
C (3) → (2) → (4) → (1)
D (4) → (2) → (1) → (3)
Answer C
3. Which of the following hazard warning labels should be displayed on a bottle of

aqueous chlorine?
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Answer A
4. Which of the following hazard warning labels should be displayed on a metal cylinder
containing liquefied petroleum gas?
Answer C
5. Which of the following hazard warning labels should be displayed on a bottle of dilute
aqueous ammonia?
Answer B
6. What is the meaning of the following hazard warning label?

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A Toxic
B Carcinogenic
C Corrosive
D Harmful
Answer C
7. Which of the following should NOT be done in a laboratory?

A Wash hands after experiments.
B Keep flammable chemicals away from naked flames.
C Close all windows when doing experiments.
D Put the Bunsen burner on a fireproof mat when using it.
Answer C
8. Which of the following may lead to ‘striking back’ of a Bunsen flame?

Supply of gas Air hole
A insufficient half open
B insufficient fully open
C sufficient closed
D sufficient fully open
Answer B
9. The hazard warning label below is displayed on the bottle of household product X:
Which of the following household products might X be?

(1) Drain cleanser
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(2) Detergent
(3) Glass cleanser
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer A
10. Which of the following might occur when a Bunsen flame ‘strikes back’?
(1) Obvious sound occurred.
(2) The chimney becomes hot.
(3) The supply of gas is too much.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer A
11. Which of the following should NOT be done when heating a chemical in a test tube?
(1) Look down at the test tube directly.
(2) Keep swirling the test tube.
(3) Point the mouth of the test tube towards others.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer B
12. Mercury should NOT be touched with bare hands. This is because mercury is
(1) corrosive.
(2) toxic.
(3) carcinogenic.
A (1) only
B (2) only
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C (1) and (3) only

D (2) and (3) only
Answer B
13. Which of the following hazard warning labels should be displayed on a metal cylinder
containing carbon monoxide gas?
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer C
14. Which of the following precautions should be taken when working with a toxic reagent?
(1) Avoid friction.
(2) Wear protective gloves.
(3) Avoid breathing in its vapours.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer D
15. A student conducts an experiment using concentrated hydrochloric acid.

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Which of the following precautions the student should take when working with the acid?
(1) Wear safety glasses.
(2) Wear protective gloves.
(3) Do not warm the acid.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer A
16. The label below is displayed on a container for chemical X:
What might X be?

(1) Hydrogen
(2) Magnesium powder
(3) Oxygen
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer A
17. Which of the following suggestions for storing chemicals is / are acceptable?
(1) Storing sodium in a brown glass bottle
(2) Storing dilute hydrochloric acid in a plastic bottle
(3) Storing yellow phosphorus in paraffin oil
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
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D (2) and (3) only

Answer B
18. The following diagram shows an experimental set-up for collecting a gas produced in a
certain reaction.
Which of the following actions can prevent ‘sucking back’ of water?

(1) Take the delivery tube away from water before removing the flame.
(2) Remove the flame before taking the delivery tube away from water.
(3) Decrease the amount of water in the trough.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer A
1.5: Common apparatus in the laboratory
19. Consider the experimental set-up shown below:
Which of the following combinations about apparatus X, Y and Z is correct?

X Y Z
A triple beam balance glass rod crucible
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B electronic balance spatula crucible

C triple beam balance glass rod mortar
D electronic balance spatula mortar
Answer D
20. Which of the following apparatus is used to transfer a small amount of solution?
A Spatula
B Glass rod
C Dropper
D Tongs
Answer C
21. Which of the following apparatus is used to transfer solid chemicals?

A Dropper
B Mortar and pestle
C Spatula
D Wire gauze
Answer C
22. Which of the following apparatus is used to make rough measurements of volumes of
liquids?
A Dropper
B Measuring cylinder
C Mortar and pestle
D Reagent bottle
Answer B
Which of the following combinations about apparatus X and Y is correct?

X Y
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A evaporating dish rack

B perti dish tripod
C perti dish rack
D evaporating dish tripod
Answer D
Which of the following combinations about apparatus X, Y and Z is correct?

X Y Z
A glass rod stand filter funnel
B thermometer stand separating funnel
C glass rod tripod filter funnel
D thermometer tripod separating funnel
Answer A
Which of the following combinations about apparatus X and Y is correct?

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X Y
A crucible pipe-clay triangle
B crucible wire gauze
C mortar pipe-clay triangle
D mortar wire gauze
Answer A
26.
Which of the following gas(es) can be collected by the set-up shown?

(1) Hydrogen
(2) Chlorine
(3) Carbon dioxide
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer D
27. Which of the following pieces of apparatus are involved in separating insoluble solids
from a liquid?
(1) Beaker
(2) Filter funnel
(3) Tap funnel
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer A
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28. The diagram below shows a piece of apparatus containing two immiscible liquids P and
Q.
Which of the following statements is / are correct?

(1) The apparatus shown is a tap funnel.
(2) P is less dense than Q.
(3) The apparatus can be used to separate a mixture of oil and water.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer D
29. Which of the following set-ups can be used to collect nitrogen prepared in an
experiment?
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A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer B
30. Which of the following set-ups can be used to dry a moist gas?
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A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer C
Unit 2
The atmosphere
2.2: Classification of matter: pure substances and mixtures

2.3: Elements and compounds
2.4: Differences between a mixture and a compound
1. Which of the following diagrams can represent a compound formed from two elements?
( In these diagrams and represent an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom
respectively.)
Answer D
2. Which of the following substances is a mixture?

A Diamond
B Dry ice
C Distilled water
D Soda water
Answer D
3. Which of the following substances is a pure substance?

A Copper pipe
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B Exhaled breath
C Soft drink
D White wine
Answer A
4. Upon heating, a mixture of iron and sulphur gives a dark brown substance. Which of the
following statements about the substance is correct?
A It is soluble in water.
B It is attracted to a magnet.
C It reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to give a gas with a bad egg smell.
D It can be separated into iron and sulphur by simple physical methods.
Answer C
5. Which of the following statements about elements is correct?

A There are thousands of elements on Earth.
B Compounds can join together chemically to form elements.
C Elements cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical methods.
D Water is an element.
Answer C
6. Which of the following statements about compounds is correct?

A Sugar is a compound.
B All compounds occur naturally in pure state.
C Compounds have chemical properties similar to those of their constituent elements.
D Compounds can only be separated into its constituents by physical methods.
Answer A
7. How many elements does sodium hydroxide consist of?

A 2
B 3
C 4
D 5
Answer B
8. Which of the following substances is a pure substance?

A Beer
B Brass
C Distilled water
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D Pond water
Answer C
9. Which of the following substances is a compound?

A Coal
B Diamond
C Dry ice
D Soda water
Answer C
10. Which of the following diagrams can represent a mixture of two elements?
( In these diagrams and represent a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom
respectively.)
Answer C
11. Which of the following comparisons between iron(II) sulphide and a mixture of iron and
sulphur is correct?
Iron(II) sulphide A mixture of iron and sulphur
A elements in it does not have a fixed elements in it have a fixed ratio
ratio
B attracted to magnet only iron is attracted to magnet
C does not have a sharp melting point has a sharp melting point
D constituents can be separated by constituents can be separated by
chemical methods physical methods
Answer D
12. Which of the following substances has a sharp boiling point?

A Liquid air
B Molten copper
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C Red wine
D Soft drink
Answer B
13. Which of the following statements about pure water are correct?
(1) It has a sharp boiling point.
(2) It is formed from elements.
(3) It can be broken down into something simpler by physical methods.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer A
14. Which of the following substances is / are element(s)?
(1) Ammonia
(2) Argon
(3) Silver
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer D
15. In a certain experiment, a mixture of iron and sulphur was heated to give solid X. Which
of the following statements about the process are correct?
(1) The process involves a chemical change.
(2) Solid X is a compound.
(3) Solid X gives hydrogen when mixed with dilute hydrochloric acid.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer A
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2.5: The atmosphere
16. Which of the following noble gases has the HIGHEST composition by volume in air?
A Helium
B Argon
C Neon
D Xenon
Answer B
17. Which of the following gases is LEAST likely to be found in air?

A Argon
B Hydrogen
C Nitrogen
D Carbon dioxide
Answer B
18. Which of the following combinations is INCORRECT?
Gas in air Composition by volume
A oxygen 21%
B nitrogen 78%
C carbon dioxide 0.5%
D noble gas 0.9%
Answer C
19. Which of the following statements about air are correct?

(1) Nitrogen has the highest composition by volume in air.
(2) Air contains elements and compounds.
(3) The amount of water vapour in air varies according to different weathers.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer D
20. Which of the following statements about air are correct?

(1) It is a mixture.
(2) It contains about 4% of carbon dioxide by volume.
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(3) It contains small amounts of dust and harmful gases.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer B
21. Which of the following statements about nitrogen are correct?

(1) It is an odourless gas.
(2) It is used to fill the packets of potato chips.
(3) It is an element.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer D
22. Which of the following noble gases can be found in the air?
(1) Argon
(2) Helium
(3) Neon
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer D
2.7: Separating oxygen and nitrogen from the air
23. Why must carbon dioxide and water vapour be removed from air before the fractional
distillation of liquid air?
A They share a rather high volume percentage in air.
B They will freeze when the air is cooled, and will block the pipes.
C They have different melting points.
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D They will react during the fractional distillation of liquid air.

Answer B
24. The following table gives some information of the components in a sample of liquefied
gases:
Gas Boiling point (oC)

X – 183
Y – 186
Z – 196
In what order would the components separate out when the sample undergoes fractional
distillation?
A X, Y, Z
B X, Z, Y
C Z, X, Y
D Z, Y, X
Answer D
25. Which of the following statements about the fractional distillation of liquid air is
correct?
A Air is cooled to 0 °C.
B Oxygen boils at –183 °C.
C Nitrogen is collected at the bottom of the fractionating column.
D Argon cannot be separated from air in the fractionating column.
Answer B
26. Why can gases in air be separated by the fractional distillation of liquid air?
A The gases have different boiling points.
B The gases have different melting points.
C The gases have different percentages by volume in air.
D The gases have different chemical properties.
Answer A
27. Which of the following statements about fractional distillation is / are correct?
(1) In fractionating column, the upper part has lower temperature.
(2) Before distilling the liquid air, carbon dioxide and argon vapour should be
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removed.
(3) Oxygen would be collected in the upper part of a fractionating column than
that of nitrogen.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer A
28. Which of the following is / are use(s) of oxygen?

(1) As a fuel for large rockets
(2) Aiding the respiration of premature babies
(3) Filling electric light bulbs
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer B
29. Which of the following are uses of nitrogen?

(1) Nitrogen is used in aircraft fuel systems to combat fire hazards.
(2) Liquid nitrogen can be used to treat skin disorders.
(3) Nitrogen is used to fill packets of potato chips.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer D
Directions: Questions 30 and 31 refer to the diagram showing a column for separating oxygen
and nitrogen in the air.
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30. Arrange the steps for separating oxygen and nitrogen in the air in order.
(1) Liquefaction
(2) Fractional distillation
(3) Purification
A (1) → (2) → (3)

B (3) → (1) → (2)
C (3) → (2) → (1)
D (2) → (1) → (3)
Answer B
31. Which of the following statements about A and B are correct?

(1) Gas A takes the greatest percentage of air by volume.
(2) Gas A gives a 'pop' sound when tested with a burning splint.
(3) The boiling point of B is higher than that of A.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer B
2.8: The particle theory of matter

2.9: Physical and chemical changes
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32. What would be observed if a piece of sodium chloride crystal is placed on the top of a
piece of copper(II) sulphate crystal?
A The sodium chloride crystal becomes blue in colour.
B The sodium chloride particles mix with the copper(II) sulphate particles.
C The two crystals will change straight from the solid state to the vapour state.
D There is no observable change.
Answer D
33. Consider the following diagram of changes of states of a substance.
Which of the following combinations is correct?

X Y Z
A deposition condensation freezing
B sublimation condensation melting
C deposition boiling freezing
D sublimation boiling melting
Answer D
34. In which of the following substances are the particles furthest apart from each other at
room temperature and pressure?
A Nitrogen
B Calcium carbonate
C Sodium chloride
D Water
Answer A
35. The following diagram shows the arrangement of particles in element X at room
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temperature and pressure.
X could be
A argon.
B bromine.
C hydrogen.
D magnesium.
Answer D
36. Which of the following processes is a chemical change?

A Passing electricity through a copper wire
B Dissolving sugar in water
C Bleaching the hair
D Melting butter
Answer C
37. Which of the following processes is NOT a physical change?

A A glass cup breaks.
B Mix coffee powder into water.
C Jewellery tarnishes.
D Separate sand from gravel.
Answer C
38.
Which of the following solids can be purified using the above set-up?
A Lead(II) chloride
B Iodine
C Potassium carbonate
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D Sodium
Answer B
39. Which of the following processes involves a chemical change?

A Distilling sea water to obtain pure water
B Whipping egg whites
C Mixing sea water with silver nitrate solution
D Magnetizing a compass needle
Answer C
40. Which of the following substances can undergo sublimation at normal pressure?
(1) Iodine
(2) Nitrogen
(3) Carbon dioxide
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer C
41. In a certain experiment, a student placed a jar of air upside down on top of another jar
containing bromine vapour as shown below.
Which of the following statements about the experiment is / are correct?

(1) Bromine particles mix with the air particles.
(2) The jar containing bromine vapour will darken.
(3) The mixing process is called particle theory.
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A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer A
42. Which of the following processes involve chemical changes?

(1) Burning coal
(2) Evaporating of rain on the ground
(3) Cleaning glasses with a glass cleanser which contains ammonia
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer B
43. In a certain experiment, a student placed a piece of potassium permanganate crystal in a

beaker of water as shown below.
Which of the following statements about the experiment is / are correct?

(1) A yellow colour spread in the beaker.
(2) The potassium permanganate particles mixed with the water particles.
(3) A chemical change occurred.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer B
44. Which of the following processes involve physical changes?

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(1) Spoiling food

(2) Hammering wood together to build a playhouse
(3) Squeezing oranges to prepare orange juice
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer C
45. Which of the following processes involve physical changes?

(1) Bread rising
(2) Sublimation of iodine
(3) Whipping cream to make whipped cream
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer C
2.10: Physical and chemical properties
46. Which of the following is NOT an example of physical properties?

A Sodium chloride dissolves in water to form a solution.
B Ice melts into water at 0 °C.
C Pure copper wire can conduct electricity.
D Adding dilute hydrochloride acid into iron(II) sulphide produces a gas with a bad
egg smell.
Answer D
47. Which of the following statements describes a chemical property of iron?

A It can be bent into different shapes.
B It may rust.
C It sinks in water.
D It has a shiny surface.
Answer B
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48. Which of the following statements describes a chemical property of magnesium?

A It is a solid at room temperature.
B It forms magnesium oxide when burnt in air.
C It has a shiny appearance.
D It can be hammered into sheets.
Answer B
49. Substance Melting point (oC) Boiling point (oC)

W – 200 54
X 10 120
Y 50 320
Z – 100 13
Which of the above substances is / are liquid(s) at room temperature?

A X only
B Y only
C W and X only
D Y and Z only
Answer C
50. Which of the following statements describe the chemical properties of carbon dioxide?
(1) It is colourless.
(2) It turns limewater milky.
(3) It dissolves in water to give an acidic solution.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer C
51. Which of the following statements describe chemical properties?

(1) A foam block floats on water.
(2) Lithium becomes dull upon exposure to air.
(3) A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen explodes upon ignition.
A (1) and (2) only

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B (1) and (3) only

C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer C
2.11: Test for oxygen
52. Which of the following statements about oxygen is INCORRECT?

A Oxygen relights a glowing splint.
B Oxygen is a constituent element of sugar.
C Oxygen is colourless.
D Air contains 78% of oxygen by volume.
Answer D
53. Which of the following shows the presence of oxygen in a gas jar?
A It gives a ‘pop’ sound with a burning splint.
B It turns limewater milky.
C It relights a glowing splint.
D It extinguishes a burning splint.
Answer C
54. Which of the following statements about oxygen is / are correct?

(1) It is explosive.
(2) It can react with hydrogen to produce water.
(3) It gives a ‘pop’ sound with a glowing splint.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer B
55. Which of the following statements about oxygen is / are correct?

(1) It is flammable.
(2) It supports combustion.
(3) It can relight a burning splint.
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A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer B
56. Which of the following statements about oxygen are correct?

(1) Oxygen is colourless.
(2) Oxygen is produced in the photosynthesis process.
(3) A metal cylinder of oxygen should bear the hazard warning label shown
below.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer A
Unit 3
The ocean
3.1: Sea water: a vast solution
1. There are many different salts in sea water.

Salt is a
A solution.
B solvent.
C solute.
D saturated solid.
Answer C
2. Which of the following salts has the HIGHEST percentage by mass in sea water?
A Sodium chloride
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B Magnesium chloride
C Sodium sulphate
D Calcium chloride
Answer A
3. Which of the following substances has the HIGHEST percentage in the ocean?
A Common salt
B Magnesium chloride
C Mineral
D Water
Answer D
4. Which of the following statements about sea water is correct?

A Sea water covers over 90% of the surface area of the Earth.
B Sea water contains 3.5% by mass of common salt.
C Magnesium chloride is the second most abundant salt in sea water.
D Oxygen is the only gas dissolved in sea water.
Answer C
5. Which of the following are major salts found in sea water?

(1) Calcium sulphate
(2) Magnesium chloride
(3) Sodium chloride
A (1) and (2) only
B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer C
6. Which of the following statements about sea water is / are correct?

(1) Sea water is a mixture.
(2) Sodium chloride in it is a solvent.
(3) It has a sharp boiling point.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
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Answer A
7. Which of the following are major salts dissolved in sea water?

(1) Copper(II) sulphate
(2) Magnesium chloride
(3) Sodium sulphate
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer C
3.2: Obtaining common salt from sea water

3.3: Obtaining pure water from sea water
8. Which of the following techniques of crystallization can obtain large crystals?

A Rapid cooling of a hot concentrated solution
B Rapid cooling of a hot dilute solution
C Slow evaporation of a hot concentrated solution at room temperature
D Slow evaporation of a hot dilute solution at room temperature
Answer C
9. What is the use of the following experimental set-up?
A Fractional distillation
B Evaporation
C Distillation
D Filtration
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Answer C
10. Some physical properties of a compound X are listed below:

Melting point: 90 °C
Boiling point: 230 °C
Solubility in water: soluble
Which of the following methods is the most suitable for obtaining X from a solution of
X in water?
A Crystallization
B Decantation
C Filtration
D Fractional distillation
Answer A
11. Which of the following methods can be used to remove coarse sand from sea water?
A Crystallization
B Decantation
C Distillation
D Evaporation
Answer B
12. Which of the following processes occur in distillation?

A Condensation followed by crystallization
B Sublimation followed by evaporation
C Evaporation followed by condensation
D Evaporation followed by sublimation
Answer C
13. Which of the following processes can be used to obtain pure water from muddy sea
water?
A Filtration followed by distillation
B Filtration followed by crystallization
C Crystallization followed by filtration
D Crystallization followed by distillation
Answer A
14. Which of the following statements about the evaporation of sea water is / are correct?
(1) Evaporation is a heat absorbing process.
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(2) Pure water can be obtained.

(3) Pure sodium chloride can be obtained.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer A
15. Consider the following pieces of apparatus:
Which of the following processes can be performed by using some or all of the above
apparatus?
(1) Obtaining pure water from sea water
(2) Separating oil and water
(3) Obtaining hydrogen from water
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer A
3.4: Showing what species common salt contains

Question Bank
16. Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps for flame test?
(1) Put the end of the nichrome wire in the Bunsen flame.
(2) Dip the nichrome wire into the solid sample.
(3) Observe the colour of the flame.
(4) Dip a clean nichrome wire into concentrated hydrochloric acid.
A (1) → (4) → (2) → (3)

B (2) → (1) → (3) → (4)
C (4) → (1) → (3) → (2)
D (4) → (2) → (1) → (3)
Answer D

Compound of Flame colour
A sodium golden yellow
B potassium lilac
C calcium bluish white
D copper bluish green
Answer C
18. What colour can be observed when a sample of solid sodium chloride is heated in a
Bunsen flame?
A Lilac
B Red
C Green
D Golden yellow
Answer D
19. What would be observed if a sodium chloride solution is added to a solution containing
dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate solution?
A Effervescence occurs.
B There is no observable change.
C The solution becomes blue in colour.
D A white precipitate forms.
Answer D
20. Which of the following compounds does NOT give a characteristic flame colour in
Question Bank
flame test?
A Aluminium sulphate
B Copper(II) sulphate
C Potassium sulphate
D Sodium sulphate
Answer A
21. A solid X gives a lilac flame in flame test. X reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to give
a gas. X could be
A potassium carbonate.
B potassium chloride.
C sodium carbonate.
D sodium chloride.
Answer A
22. Which of the following methods can be used to distinguish between copper(II) sulphate
crystals and sodium chloride crystals?
(1) Perform a flame test.
(2) Add dilute nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution to their solutions.
(3) Observe their colours.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer D
23. Which of the following methods can be used to distinguish between solid calcium
chloride and solid potassium chloride?
(1) Add dilute hydrochloric acid.
(2) Perform a flame test.
(3) Dissolve the solids in water.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer B
Question Bank
24. When dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate solution are added to a beaker containing an
unknown solution, a white precipitate forms. The unknown solution could be
(1) sodium nitrate solution.
(2) potassium chloride solution.
(3) sea water.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer D
3.5: Test for the presence of water in a sample
25. Which of the following combinations is correct?

Test method Species
A a burning splint oxygen
B a glowing splint nitrogen
C blue cobalt(II) chloride paper water vapour
D limewater Ammonia
Answer C
26. When a piece of dry cobalt(II) chloride paper is placed on a sample of moist sodium
chloride, what will be observed?
A The dry cobalt(II) chloride paper turns pink.
B The dry cobalt(II) chloride paper turns blue.
C Effervescence occurs.
Answer A
27. Which of the following substances can change the colour of dry cobalt(II) chloride
paper?
(1) Oil
(2) Sea water
(3) Ethanol
Question Bank
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer B
28. Which of the following statements about water are correct?

(1) It is a compound.
(2) It turns dry cobalt(II) chloride paper pink.
(3) It turns anhydrous copper(II) sulphate blue.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer D
29. Iron(II) sulphate crystals are warmed in a boiling tube as shown below. Liquid X is
collected in the test tube.
Which of the following statements about the experiment are correct?

(1) The iron(II) sulphate crystals turn from blue to white upon warming.
(2) Liquid X is colourless.
(3) Liquid X can turn dry cobalt(II) chloride paper pink.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer C
Question Bank
3.6: Electrolysis of sea water
30. Which of the following is NOT a major element found in sea water?
A Sodium
B Chlorine
C Oxygen
D Nitrogen
Answer D
31. Which of the following combinations about the gases obtained by electrolysis of water is
correct?
Positive electrode Negative electrode
A oxygen hydrogen
B chlorine hydrogen
C hydrogen chlorine
D nitrogen oxygen
Answer A
32. Which of the following substances CANNOT be obtained in the electrolysis of sea
water?
A Argon
B Hydrogen
C Chlorine
D Sodium hydroxide
Answer A
33. Which of the following statements about the electrolysis of sea water is correct?
A It involves a chemical change.
B It produces oxygen.
C It gives pure sodium chloride.
D It gives elements only.
Answer A
Directions: Questions 34 and 35 refer to the following set-up for the electrolysis of sea water
using carbon electrodes.
Question Bank

Gas X Gas Y
A chlorine hydrogen
B hydrogen oxygen
C hydrogen chlorine
D oxygen hydrogen
Answer A
35. After the electrolysis, the sea water in the setup becomes
A hydrochloric acid.
B sodium chloride solution.
C sodium hydroxide solution.
D pure water.
Answer C
36. Which of the following is NOT a major use of hydrogen?

A As rocket fuel
B Manufacture of ammonia
C Manufacture of hydrochloric acid
D Manufacture of plastics
Answer D
37. Which of the following substances is / are used to manufacture bleach?

(1) Sodium hydroxide
(2) Hydrogen
(3) Chlorine
Question Bank
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer C
38. Which of the following are major uses of chlorine?

(1) Sterilizing swimming pool water
(2) Manufacture of soap
(3) Manufacture of hydrochloric acid
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer B
39. Which of the following is / are major use(s) of sodium hydroxide?

(1) Manufacture of bleach
(2) As a fuel
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer C
40. Which of the following items require the use of products obtained from the electrolysis
of sea water?
(1) Manufacture of hydrochloric acid
(2) Manufacture of PVC
(3) Manufacture of soaps
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Question Bank
Answer D
41. Which of the following processes involve chemical changes?

(1) Electrolysis of water
(2) Photosynthesis
(3) Heating copper(II) sulphate crystals
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer D
Unit 4
Rocks and minerals
4.1: Metals in the Earth’s crust

4.2: Extracting metals from theirs ores
1. Which of the following is NOT a metal extraction method?

A Crystallization of ore
B Heating the ore alone
C Heating the ore with carbon
D Electrolysis of the molten ore
Answer A
2. Which of the following metals can be extracted from bauxite?

A Aluminium
B Copper
C Lead
D Iron
Answer A
3. Which of the following metals can be found free in the Earth’s crust?
A Iron
B Lead
Question Bank
C Magnesium
D Silver
Answer D

Metal Name of ore
A iron cinnabar
B lead galena
C potassium pyrite
D sodium calcite
Answer B
5. Potassium can be obtained from potassium chloride by

A electrolysis of molten potassium chloride.
B heating the chloride strongly.
C heating the chloride with carbon.
D heating the chloride with iron powder.
Answer A
6. Arrange procedures for the extraction of a metal from its ore in order.
(1) Extraction of metal from ore
(2) Mining of the ore
(3) Separation of useful ore from waste materials
(4) Refining of impure metal
A (2) → (3) → (4) → (1)

B (3) → (4) → (2) → (1)
C (3) → (1) → (2) → (4)
D (2) → (3) → (1) → (4)
Answer D
7. Which of the following metals can be extracted by physical method?

(1) Sodium
(2) Silver
(3) Gold
A (1) only
B (2) only
Question Bank
C (1) and (3) only

D (2) and (3) only
Answer D
8. Which of the following is / are source(s) of metals?

(1) Earth’s crust
(2) Atmosphere
(3) Ocean
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer C
9. Which of the following combinations about the extraction of metals from their ores is /
are correct?
Metal Method of extraction
(1) aluminium electrolysis of molten ore
(2) copper physical separation
(3) lead heating the ore alone
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer A
10. Which of the following statements about the extraction of iron from its ore is / are
correct?
(1) Iron is usually extracted from cinnabar.
(2) The extraction is carried out in a blast furnace.
(3) Iron is extracted by heating the ore alone.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Question Bank
Answer B
11. In which of the following processes would a metal be produced?

(1) Electrolyzing a molten ore of magnesium
(2) Heating aluminium with carbon
(3) Heating sulphide of mercury in air
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer C
4.3: Investigating calcium carbonate

Substance Main compound
A limestone calcium carbonate
B quicklime calcium oxide
C slaked lime calcium hydroxide
D limewater calcium hydrogencarbonate
Answer D
13. Consider the following word equation:

X + dilute hydrochloric acid calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide
X is
A calcium carbonate.
B calcium oxide.
C calcium hydroxide.
D calcium sulphate.
Answer A
14. A gas is released in all of the examples below.
Question Bank
Which of the following gases do they all produce?

A Carbon dioxide
B Hydrogen
C Nitrogen
D Oxygen
Answer A
15. The diagram shows a kiln used to heat limestone.
What is the following combinations about the product and waste gas is correct?
Product Waste gas
A quicklime carbon monoxide
B quicklime carbon dioxide
C slaked lime carbon dioxide
D slaked lime carbon monoxide
Question Bank
Answer B
16. What would be observed when water is added to solid calcium oxide?
B Solid calcium oxide falls apart.
C Solid calcium oxide becomes pink in colour.
Answer B
17. Which of the following mixtures can be separated by adding water, stirring and
filtering?
A Calcium carbonate and magnesium chloride
B Copper and magnesium
C Diamond and graphite
D Silver chloride and calcium oxide
Answer A
18. Carbon dioxide turns limewater milky due to the formation of

A calcium carbonate
B calcium hydrogencarbonate
C calcium hydroxide
D calcium oxide
Answer A
19. When calcium carbonate is strongly heated, a solid is obtained. Which of the following
statements about the solid is correct?
A It is black in colour.
B It reacts with water to give slaked lime.
C It is calcium hydroxide.
D It is an element.
Answer B
20. Which of the following statements about limewater is INCORRECT?

A It is colourless.
B It is produced by dissolving calcium carbonate in excess water.
C It is an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide.
D It becomes milky and then colourless when carbon dioxide is bubbled into it until
excess.
Question Bank
Answer B
Directions: Questions 21 and 22 refer to the diagram shown below.
21. What could gas X and solid Y be?

X Y
A carbon dioxide calcium carbonate
B oxygen calcium carbonate
C carbon dioxide calcium oxide
D hydrogen calcium oxide
Answer A
22. What would be observed if excess gas X is bubbled into limewater?

B Solid Y dissolves.
C The solution becomes yellow in colour.
Answer B
23. To identify an unknown powder, a student heated the powder in a Bunsen flame. A
brick-red flame was observed. When the powder was added to dilute hydrochloric acid,
it dissolved without any observable changes. What might the powder be?
A Calcium carbonate
B Sodium carbonate
C Calcium chloride
D Sodium chloride
Answer C
24. Which of the following statements are correct?

(1) Calcite is composed of calcium carbonate.
(2) Strong heating of calcium carbonate gives a white solid.
(3) Saturated calcium hydroxide solution can be used to test for carbon dioxide
gas.
A (1) and (2) only
B (1) and (3) only
Question Bank
C (2) and (3) only

D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer D
25. Which of the following statements about calcium carbonate are correct?
(1) It gives a brick-red flame in flame test.
(2) It dissolves in water to give limewater.
(3) It is a compound composed of three elements.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer B
26. Limestone is heated strongly for about 15 minutes in an experiment.
Which of the following statements about the experiment are correct?

(1) Effervescence occurs.
(2) A white solid remains in the test tube after heating.
(3) The limewater turns milky.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer C
27. Which of the following statements about the products formed from heating limestone are
true?
Question Bank
(1) The gas evolved turns limewater milky.

(2) Slaked lime is formed.
(3) The solid product gives a brick-red flame in flame test.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer B
28. In which of the following processes would carbon dioxide gas be produced?
(1) Respiration
(2) Heating slaked lime strongly
(3) Adding dilute hydrochloric acid to quicklime
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer A
29. Which of the following methods can be used to distinguish between solid sodium
chloride and solid calcium carbonate?
(1) Testing the solubility of the solids in water
(2) Observing the colour of the solids
(3) Adding dilute nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer C
30. In an experiment, calcium carbonate was heated in a boiling tube as shown below:
Question Bank
A gas was produced in the process. Which of the following set-ups can be connected to
the delivery tube to collect the gas?
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer A
4.4: Formation of chalk, limestone and marble
31. Which of the following combinations about the hardness of substances is correct?
Softest Hardest
A chalk → limestone → diamond → marble
B limestone → marble → chalk → diamond
C diamond → chalk → marble → limestone
Question Bank
D chalk → limestone → marble → diamond

Answer D
32. Which of the following statements about calcium carbonate is INCORRECT?

A Limestone, chalk and marble are different forms of calcium carbonate.
B Marble is the cheapest among the different forms of calcium carbonate.
C Chalk is formed from the remains of sea animals with shells.
D Calcium carbonate contains calcium, carbon and oxygen.
Answer B
33. Which of the following statements about chalk is correct?

A It is formed from the remains of plants.
B It is used to manufacture plastics.
C It is softer than marble.
D It is an element.
Answer C
34. What is the purpose of adding quicklime to soil?

A To kill microorganisms in the soil.
B To neutralize the acidity of the soil.
C To increase the plant growth rate.
D To increase the amount of calcium in plants.
Answer B
35. Which of the following is a use of slaked lime?

A To make concrete.
B To construct roads.
C To neutralize acidity in lakes.
D As a drying agent in industry.
Answer C
Directions: Questions 36 and 37 refer to the flow diagram shown below.

Solid X Solid Y
Question Bank
A quicklime slaked lime

B cement concrete
C limestone marble
D calcium carbonate ore
Answer C
37. Which of the following statements about chalk are correct?

(1) It reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to give carbon dioxide.
(2) It is formed from skeletons or shells of sea animals.
(3) It can neutralize alkaline soil.
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer A
38. Which of the following statements about marble is / are correct?

(1) It is formed from limestone under high temperature and pressure.
(2) It is soluble in water.
(3) It has a low melting point.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer A
39. Which of the following are uses of limestone?

(1) Manufacture of cement
(2) Manufacture of glass
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer A
Question Bank
4.5: Formation of limestone caves
40. Which of the following is / are effect(s) of weathering or erosion?

(1) The formation of acid rain
(2) Rocks damage
(3) The formation of limestone caves
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer D
41. Which of the following can erode limestone?

(1) Wind
(2) Running water
(3) Gravity
A (1) and (2) only

B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
Answer D
42. Which of the following explain(s) why rainwater can erode limestone?
(1) Limestone is soluble in water.
(2) Carbon dioxide in air dissolves in rainwater to form carbonic acid which
dissolves limestone.
(3) Limestone reacts with water to form soluble calcium hydroxide.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only
Answer B
Question Bank
Assertion-reason questions
Directions: Select one option from A to D according to the following table:

A Both statements are true and the 2nd statement is a correct explanation of the 1st statement.
B Both statements are true but the 2nd statement is NOT a correct explanation of the 1st statement.
C The 1st statement is false but the 2nd statement is true.
D Both statements are false.
Unit 1
1st statement 2nd statement
1. Water can put out the fire of burning Water can absorb heat.
potassium.
Answer C
2. Concentrated acids and alkalis should Concentrated acids and alkalis are
be handled with great care. corrosive.
Answer A
3. Crude oil should be kept away from Crude oil is toxic.

naked flames.
Answer B
4. Concentrated nitric acid is usually Concentrated nitric acid is corrosive.

stored in brown bottles.
Answer B
5. The windows of the laboratory should No toxic chemicals can escape from
be closed when doing experiments. the laboratory when the windows are
closed.
Answer D
6. Carbon dioxide prepared in an Carbon dioxide is denser than air.

experiment can be collected by upward
delivery.
Question Bank
Answer C
Unit 2
The atmosphere
7. Iron(II) sulphide is not attracted to a Iron(II) sulphide can only be separated

magnet. into its constituents by chemical
methods.
Answer B
8. Nitrogen can be used to the empty oil Nitrogen has a low boiling point.
tankers to prevent fires.
Answer B
9. Hydrogen can relight a glowing splint. Hydrogen supports burning.

Answer D
10. Oxygen is a compound. Oxygen cannot be broken down into

anything simpler by physical methods.
Answer C
11. Hydrogen is an element. Hydrogen can react with other

substances to form new compounds.
Answer B
12. Air is a compound. Air contains different gases.

Answer C
13. Liquid ammonia has a sharp boiling Ammonia is made up of hydrogen and
point. nitrogen.
Answer B
14. The electrical conductivity of a metal is Upon electrical conduction, a metal is

a chemical property. changed to a new substance.
Answer D
15. Burning fireworks involves a chemical change.

Question Bank
New substances are formed in the burning process.

Answer A
16. Heating water involves a chemical Heating water produces water vapour.
change.
Answer C
17. Burning wax does not produce new Burning wax involves both physical
substances. and chemical changes.
Answer C
18. Nitrogen and oxygen can be separated Nitrogen and oxygen have different
by fractional distillation of liquid air. melting points.
Answer B
19. Copper is a solid at room conditions. Copper is an element.

Answer B
20. Sublimation of iodine is a physical No new substance is formed when

change. solid iodine sublimes.
Answer A
21. Lead is extracted by physical methods. Lead exists as a free element in the
Earth’s crust.
Answer D
Unit 3
The ocean
1st statement 2ndstatement
22. Burning magnesium involves a Burning magnesium gives white light.

physical change.
Answer C
23. Common salt can be obtained by Sea water is a saturated solution.

filtration of sea water.
Question Bank
Answer D
24. Coarse sand and sea water can be Coarse sand is insoluble in sea water
separated by decantation. and much denser.
Answer A
25. Distillation of sea water is a chemical Salt and pure water can be obtained by
change. distillation of sea water.
Answer C
26. Anhydrous copper(II) sulphate is blue Anhydrous copper(II) sulphate gives a

in colour. bluish green flame in flame test.
Answer C
27. Nitrogen, instead of air, is used to fill Oxygen in the air support combustion
the packets of potato chips. while nitrogen does not.
Answer B
28. Pure water can be obtained by filtering Filtration removes insoluble substances
sea water. from sea water.
Answer C
29. Pure sodium chloride can be obtained The water evaporates when sea water is
when sea water is dried in the sun. dried in the sun.
Answer C
30. Sodium chloride crystals obtained in Washing sodium chloride crystals with
crystallization should be washed with a cold water can remove impurities on
large amount of cold water. the surface of the crystals.
Answer C
31. Common salt gives a golden yellow Common salt contains sodium.
flame in flame test.
Answer A
32. During flame test, wash the nichrome Nichrome wire should first be cleaned
wire with concentrated sulphuric acid when used in flame test.
and then distilled water.
Answer C
Question Bank
33. A white precipitate is formed when Sea water contains sodium sulphate.
silver nitrate solution is added to sea
water.
Answer B
34. Sea water is a compound. Chlorine and hydrogen are produced in

the electrolysis of sea water.
Answer C
Unit 4
Rocks and minerals
35. Aluminium can be extracted by heating Bauxite is an ore of aluminium.

bauxite with carbon.
Answer C
36. Limestone dissolves in water to give Limestone can be used to test for
limewater carbon dioxide gas.
Answer D
37. When calcium carbonate is heated Quicklime is formed when calcium

strongly, a white precipitate is formed. carbonate is heated strongly.
Answer C
38. When calcium carbonate is added to Hydrogen is produced when calcium

dilute hydrochloric acid, the gas carbonate reacts with dilute
evolved gives a ‘pop’ sound with a hydrochloric acid.
burning splint.
Answer D
39. Calcium carbonate is soluble in dilute Calcium carbonate reacts with dilute
hydrochloric acid. hydrochloric acid to form soluble
calcium chloride.
Answer A
Question Bank
40. If a beaker containing limewater is left Air contains water vapour.

in the air for several days, the
limewater turns milky.
Answer B
41. Rainwater can react with limestone. Rainwater contains dissolved oxygen.
Answer B
42. When a reagent bottle containing Limewater reacts with carbon dioxide
limewater was left in the air for a long in the air to give calcium carbonate.
time, a white solid would probably
form around the mouth of the bottle.
Answer A
Question Bank
Structured questions
Unit 1
1. The diagram below shows a student doing an experiment.
a) State THREE aspects you consider unsafe in the diagram. (3 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
b) The following hazard warning label appears on the bottle of alcohol. What does it
mean? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
Question Bank
c) The following hazard warning label appears on the bottle of an acid. What does it
mean? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) The student is ready to grind some solids into fine powders for experiment. Suggest
the apparatus he may use. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
1. a) Any three of the following:
 Not stopping the reagent bottle immediately after use (1)
 Placing the alcohol near to a naked flame (1)
 Filling the beaker with too much solution for heating (1)
 NOT wearing safety glasses when using a Bunsen burner (1)
b) Flammable (1)
c) Corrosive (1)
d) Mortar (1)
Pestle (1)
2. Study the following diagrams. Write down all aspects you consider UNSAFE in the
laboratory.
Question Bank
a)
(5 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
b)
(5 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Question Bank
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
2. a)
 Not wearing safety glasses when using a Bunsen burner (1)
 Allowing the long hair to dangle (1)
 Placing the alcohol near to a naked flame (1)
 Placing the test tubes too near to the edge of the table (the tubes may fall down)
(1)
b)
 Not cleaning up any chemical spillage immediately (1)
 Smelling a gas directly (Wave the gas towards the nose) (1)
 Blocking the road in the laboratory (1)
 Leaving a Bunsen flame unattended (Turn off the Bunsen burner when it is not in
use) (1)
3. a) Some hazard warning labels are shown below:
A student used concentrated sodium hydroxide solution in an experiment.

i) Which of the hazard warning labels should appear on a bottle of concentrated
sodium hydroxide solution? (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) State ONE safety precaution the student should take. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
b) Ether has a very low boiling point and needs to be kept away from naked flames.
Draw a hazard warning label that should appear on a bottle of ether. (1 mark)
Question Bank
c) The diagram below shows a student heating a mixture of solids to prepare ammonia
gas. He is trying to detect the smell of ammonia.
State TWO mistakes of the student and suggest proper actions that should be taken.
(4 marks)
State the mistake Suggest a proper action

Mistake 1
Mistake 2
Answer
3. a) i) C (1)
ii) Any one of the following:
 Wear safety glasses. (1)
 Wear protective gloves. (1)
 Perform the experiment inside a fume cupboard. (1)
 Wash affected areas with plenty of water if spilt on the skin or clothes.
(1)
Question Bank
b)
(1)
c)
State the mistake Suggest a proper action
The student does not have eye He should wear safety
Mistake 1
protection. (1) glasses. (1)
The student should not detect Detect ammonia with testing
the smell of ammonia while paper / testing agent. (1)
Mistake 2 heating the reaction mixture.
The mixture may shoot at his
face. (1)
4. Read the newspaper article below and answer the questions that follow.
Carcinogenic dye causes food

scare
More than 500 food products have been removed
from sale because they are contaminated with
a carcinogenic dye, Sudan 1. The dye has been
shown to cause liver cancer in animal tests.
Sudan 1 had been used to colour a batch
of chilli powder used as an ingredient in a
sauce. The sauce was sold to hundreds of food
manufacturing companies.
The main food manufacturing companies
depend on a few suppliers to provide the
ingredients for their food products. Sauces are
commonly used to bolster the flavour of food.
Thus, any breakdown in safety is instantly
Question Bank
multiplied.
a) Explain how modern methods of manufacture, distribution and marketing of food

enabled Sudan 1 contamination to get into so many food products. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
b) Draw a hazard warning label that should be displayed on the bottle of a

carcinogenic chemical. (1 mark)
c) Suggest ONE carcinogenic chemical besides Sudan 1. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) Scientists test a brand of chicken pie for the presence of Sudan 1. They test samples
from two different supermarkets. Results of their tests are shown in the table.
Sudan 1 content (ppm)

Sample
1 2 3 4 5 range average
Supermarket A 15 14 18 14 13 13 to 15 14
Supermarket B 12 12 14 13 13 12 to 14 13
i) Suggest why the scientists test several samples from each supermarket.
(2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
ii) The scientists work out the range and average for the samples from
supermarket A. They ignore the value for sample 3. Suggest why.
(1 mark)
Question Bank
_______________________________________________________________
iii) The scientists conclude that there is not a real difference between the content
of Sudan 1 in this brand of chicken pie from these two supermarkets. Explain
how the data in the table show this. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Answer
4. a) The main food manufacturing companies use the same suppliers. (1)
Sauces are commonly used to bolster the flavour of food. (1)
b)
(1)
c) Asbestos / tetrachloromethane / trichloromethane (1)
d) i) Any two of the following:
 To increase reliability. (1)
 To get an average / mean. (1)
 To identify the outliers. (1)
 The content of Sudan 1 in sample varies. (1)
ii) It is an outlier. (1)
iii) The average for A is within the range of B. (1)
The average for B is within the range of A. (1)
Unit 2
The atmosphere
5. The diagram below shows the classification of matter.

Question Bank
a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘pure substance’. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
b) Explain the meaning of the term ‘mixture’. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
c) Name the items labelled X and Y. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
d) The Earth has a lot of useful resources, some examples are listed below:
petroleum, methane, sea water, silicon, magnesium chloride, oxygen
i) Classify the above substances into pure substances and mixtures.
(3 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
ii) State TWO common uses of oxygen. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Question Bank
e) Oxygen and nitrogen can be obtained via fractional distillation of liquid air.
Complete the following table on the different stages involved. (7 marks)
Stage Description
Purification of air Dust, (1) and (2) in the air removed.
Liquefication of air The air is compressed and (3) to a liquid.
Fractional distillation of The air is pumped into a (4) column. The column is (5) at the
liquid air bottom than it is at the top.
(6) is collected at the top while (7) is collected at the bottom.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
5. a) A single substance that has nothing else mixed with it is a pure substance. (1)
b) A mixture consists of two or more pure substances (1)
which have not been chemically joined together. (1)
c) Elements (1)
Compounds (1)
d) i) Pure substances (2)
 Methane
 Silicon
 Magnesium chloride
 Oxygen
Mixtures
 Petroleum
 Sea water
ii) Any two of the following:
 As an oxidizer in fuel (1)
 Use in ‘oxy-acetylene’ torches for cutting and welding metals. (1)
 Other correct answer (1)
e) (1) water vapour (1)
(2) carbon dioxide (1)
(3) cooled (1)
(4) fractionating (1)
(5) warmer (1)
Question Bank
(6) Nitrogen (1)

(7) oxygen (1)
6. Study the following properties of a candle. Identify them as physical or chemical

properties.
a) Firm solid but soft enough to dent (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
b) Burns in air (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
c) Melts at the temperature of a flame (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) The burning produces carbon dioxide (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
6. a) Physical property (1)
b) Chemical property (1)
c) Physical property (1)
d) Chemical property (1)
7. The bar chart shows the percentage composition of the atmosphere on Mars.
Question Bank
State THREE ways in which the atmosphere on Earth today is different from that on
Mars. (3 marks)
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Answer
7. Any three of the following:
 Less carbon dioxide (1)
 More nitrogen (1)
 More (or some) oxygen (1)
 Some water vapour (1)
8. X is the most abundant element in air. Air also contains oxygen and other substances.
a) Identify element X. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
b) Is oxygen an element or a compound? Explain briefly. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
c) Suggest a test which allows you to distinguish between oxygen and element X.
(3 marks)
Question Bank
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
d) Both oxygen and element X can be obtained from the fractional distillation of
liquid air.
i) Where does the fractional distillation of liquid air take place in industry?
(1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Explain briefly why oxygen and element X can be obtained by the fractional
distillation of liquid air. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
iii) Does the fractional distillation of liquid air involve a physical or chemical
change? Explain briefly. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
e) Draw a hazard warning label that should be displayed on a metal cylinder

containing oxygen. (1 mark)
Answer
8. a) Nitrogen (1)
b) It is an element. (1)
It cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical methods. (1)
c) Test with a glowing splint. (1)
Question Bank
Oxygen relights the glowing splint. (1)

Element X (nitrogen) extinguishes the glowing splint. (1)
d) i) Fractionating column (1)
ii) They have different boiling points. (1)
iii) It involves a physical change. (1)
No new substance is formed in the process. (1)
e)
(1)
Unit 3
The ocean
9. Look at the diagrams of common experimental set-ups.
a) Name the pieces of apparatus labelled P to V. (8 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
b) Name the separation method shown in diagram C. (1 mark)

Question Bank
__________________________________________________________________
c) Which set-up can be used to obtain crystals from an aqueous solution of copper(II)
sulphate? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
9. a) P — mortar (1)
Q — stirring rod / glass rod / stirrer (1)
R — beaker (1)
S — Bunsen burner (1)
T — filter funnel (1)
U — evaporating dish (1)
V — wire gauze (1)
W — tripod (1)
b) Filtration (1)
c) D (1)
10. The following experimental set-up can be used to separate a mixture of mud and sea
water.
a) Name the process used. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
Question Bank
b) Explain the principle of the process. (2 marks)

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
c) Name the items labelled X, Y and Z. (3 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
d) State the use of X in the experiment. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
e) Suggest TWO common salts found in sea water. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
f) A student used Z in another experiment. The following diagram shows the

experimental set-up used.
i) Name the process used. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Suggest the use of ice-cold water in the set-up. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
Question Bank
iii) The teacher found that there are some mistakes in the experimental set-up.
State TWO mistakes of the student. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Answer
10. a) Filtration (1)
b) There are millions of tiny holes on the filter paper. (1)
The water particles and those of the dissolved salts can pass through these holes but
the mud particles cannot. (1)
c) X: glass rod (1)
Y: filter funnel (1)
Z: filtrate / sea water (1)
d) To guide the flow of liquid. (1)
e) Any two of the following:
 Sodium chloride (1)
 Magnesium chloride (1)
 Sodium sulphate (1)
 Calcium chloride (1)
f) i) Simple distillation (1)
ii) To condense the steam to liquid water. (1)
iii) The student should add anti-bumping granules into Z. (1)
The bulb of the thermometer should be at the same level with the delivery
tube. (1)
11. The following set-up is used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid.
Question Bank
__________________________________________________________________
b) Name the material labelled X. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
c) Name the apparatus labelled Y. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) Name the substance that passes through X and is collected in the beaker.
(1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
e) Name the substance that remains on X. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
f) Explain why the process can be used to remove mud particles from muddy water,
but cannot be used to remove sodium chloride from sea water. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Question Bank
Answer
11. a) Filtration (1)
b) Filter paper (1)
c) Filter funnel (1)
d) Filtrate (1)
e) Residue (1)
f) The particles of sodium chloride in sea water are much smaller than mud particles
in muddy water. (1)
Hence particles of sodium chloride in sea water can pass through the tiny holes on
the filter paper while mud particles cannot. (1)
12. The following experimental set-up can be used to obtain water from sea water.
a) Name the apparatus labelled W to Z. (4 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
b) What is the purpose of X? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
c) How could the purity of the water collected be checked? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
12. a) W — thermometer (1)
Question Bank
X — condenser (1)
Y — wire gauze (1)
Z — tripod (1)
b) To condense the steam. (1)
c) Measure the boiling point of water. (1)
13. The diagram below shows the experimental set-up for the electrolysis of sea water:
a) What is gas X? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
b) Suggest ONE use of gas X. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
c) What is gas Y? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) Suggest ONE use of gas Y. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
Question Bank
e) What is left in the set-up after a long period of time? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
f) What will happen if we increase the power supply? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
13. a) Hydrogen gas (1)
b) Manufacture of ammonia / manufacture of hydrochloric acid / as rocket fuel
(1)
c) Chlorine gas (1)
d) Manufacture of bleach / manufacture of PVC and organic solvents / sterilizing
swimming pool water / sterilizing drinking water (1)
e) Sodium hydroxide solution (1)
f) The rate of electrolysis will increase. (1)
14. A student had a sample of sea water.

a) The student added dilute nitric acid, then silver nitrate solution to 5 cm3 of the sea
water.
i) Describe the expected observation for this test. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Based on the above observation, name the species that is present in sea water.
(1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
b) The student evaporated some sea water to obtain a white solid.

i) Draw a labelled diagram of the set-up used for evaporation. (2 marks)
Question Bank
ii) Suggest how the student can show that the white solid contains sodium.
(2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
Answer
14. a) i) A white precipitate was observed. (1)
ii) Chloride (1)
b) i)
(1 mark for correct set-up; 1 mark for correct labels; award 0 mark if the set-
up is not workable) (2)
ii) Use flame test. (1)
The solid gives a golden yellow flame. (1)
15. Rock salt is a mixture of sodium chloride and sand. Rock salt is first dissolved in water.
The solution is then pumped out and converted into chlorine, hydrogen and sodium
hydroxide.
a) Name the process used to obtain chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide from
the salt solution. (1 mark)
Question Bank
__________________________________________________________________
b) Give ONE use of chlorine. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
c) Give ONE use of sodium hydroxide. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
15. a) Electrolysis (1)
b) Any one of the following:
 Manufacture of hydrochloric acid (1)
 Sterilizing drinking water / swimming pool water (1)
 Manufacture of PVC (1)
 Manufacture of organic solvents (1)
 Manufacture of bleach (1)
c) Any one of the following:
 Manufacture of bleach (1)
 Manufacture of soaps and detergents (1)
16. The following experimental method can be used to identify the metal a solid contains.
a) Name the method used. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
b) Why is concentrated hydrochloric acid used? (1 mark)

__________________________________________________________________
Question Bank
c) Give ONE safety precaution for the experiment. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) For each of the following metal compounds, state the expected observation.
i) Potassium chloride (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Sodium chloride (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
iii) Calcium chloride (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
e) Suggest ONE test for a chloride in a sample solution. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
16. a) Flame test (1)
b) To remove the impurities on the nichrome wire. (1)
c) Wear safety glasses. (1)
d) i) The flame colour is lilac. (1)
ii) The flame colour is golden yellow. (1)
iii) The flame colour is brick-red. (1)
e) Mix the sample solution with excess dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate solution.
(1)
A chloride gives a white precipitate. (1)
17. There are three unlabelled reagent bottles each containing one of the white solids listed
below.
magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate and sodium chloride
Suggest how you would carry out tests to distinguish the three solids from one another.
State you expected observations also. (5 marks)
Question Bank
Answer
17. Carry out flame test on the solids. (1)
Sodium chloride gives a golden yellow flame. (1)
Dissolve the remaining two solids in water.
Add excess dilute nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution to each sample solution.
(1)
Only magnesium chloride solution gives a white precipitate. (1)
Communication mark (1)
18. Consider the following substances:

sodium chloride, water, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen, argon
a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘compound’. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
b) Classify the above substances into elements and compounds. (3 marks)

__________________________________________________________________
c) Suggest a test for each of the following species:

i) oxygen; (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) sodium in sodium chloride; (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
iii) chloride in sodium chloride; (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
iv) water. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
d) Suggest ONE use of sodium chloride. (1 mark)

Question Bank
__________________________________________________________________
e) Suggest ONE process by which carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere.

(1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
f) The table below gives the boiling points of certain components in a sample of
liquid air.
Component Boiling point (oC)

Argon –186
Nitrogen –196
Oxygen –183
i) In what order are these components distilled out when the liquid air undergoes
fractional distillation? Explain your answer. (3 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Decide whether fractional distillation involves a physical or chemical change.

(1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
Answer
18. a) A compound is a substance composed of two or more elements (1)
chemically joined together. (1)
b) Elements: nitrogen, oxygen, argon (2)
Compounds: sodium chloride, water, carbon dioxide (2)
c) i) Oxygen relights (1)
a glowing splint. (1)
ii) Test for sodium: sodium gives a golden yellow flame (1)
in flame test. (1)
iii) Test for chloride: when dilute nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution are
added to sodium chloride solution, (1)
Question Bank
a white precipitate is formed. (1)

iv) Water turns dry cobalt(II) chloride paper (1)
from blue to pink. (1)
d) As table salt / preservative / flavouring agent (1)
e) Respiration / burning coal / burning petrol (1)
f) i) The order is nitrogen, argon and then oxygen. (1)
Nitrogen has the lowest boiling point. Thus, it will be distilled off first.
(1)
Oxygen has the highest boiling point. Thus, it will be distilled off last.
(1)
ii) Physical change (1)
19. The following experimental set-up can be used to obtain pure water from sea water.
__________________________________________________________________
b) Explain the principle of the process. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
c) Decide whether the process involves a physical or chemical change. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) Name the items labelled W, X, Y and Z. (4 marks)
Question Bank
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
e) What is the purpose of adding item X into the sea water? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
f) Suggest a test to show that the liquid collected in the conical flask is water.
(2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
g) Suggest how you can show that the solid left in item W is sodium chloride.
(4 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
19. a) Distillation (1)
b) When the sea water is heated, the water vapour escapes and passes through the
condenser. (1)
The water vapour is cooled by the cold water flowing around the condenser. The
water vapour condenses to form liquid water. (1)
c) Physical change (1)
d) W – distillation flask (1)
X – anti-bumping granule (1)
Y – thermometer (1)
Z – condenser (1)
e) To ensure even boiling. (1)
f) Use dry cobalt(II) chloride paper. (1)
Water turns the paper from blue to pink. (1)
g) Test for sodium: sodium-containing compound gives a golden yellow flame
(1)
Question Bank
in flame test. (1)

Test for chloride: when dilute nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution are
added to sodium chloride solution, (1)
a white precipitate is formed. (1)
20.
The above set-up is used to collect the liquid given off when copper(II) sulphate crystals
are heated. Tube X is held in position using stands and clamps.
a) At which position along tube X should it be clamped? Explain your answer.
(2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
b) Why should tube X be clamped in a slanting position as shown above?

(2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
c) Why is the free end of the delivery tube kept above the liquid collected in tube Y?
(1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) Why is tube Y put in a beaker containing ice and cold water? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
e) Suggest a test to show that the liquid collected in tube Y is water. (2 marks)
Question Bank
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
f) What is the colour change of the crystals in tube X upon heating? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
g) Decide whether the copper(II) sulphate crystals undergo a chemical change or

physical change in this experiment. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
20. a) Tube X should be clamped near to the stopper (1)
to avoid burning of the rubber lining of the clamp. (1)
b) To prevent water condensed at the mouth of the tube from flowing back to the
hotter part of the tube and thus cracking it. (2)
c) To prevent liquid sucking back from tube Y. (1)
d) To condense the vapour given off. (1)
e) Water turns dry cobalt(II) chloride paper (1)
from blue to pink. (1)
f) From blue to white (1)
g) A chemical change (1)
21. Read the following extract taken from a website of an overseas water company.
Facts about domestic water filters

The market for domestic water filters has
increased enormously in recent years. In some
cases filters can improve taste. However, they
remove all the chlorine. If you use a filter,
remember to change the cartridge regularly and
always keep the filtered water in a cool place.
The fridge is best.
a) Why does the water company make this information available on a website?
(1 mark)
Question Bank
__________________________________________________________________
b) Why do water companies add chlorine to their water supply? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
c) Which of the following hazard warning labels should be displayed on a metal

cylinder of chlorine gas? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) Chlorine is an element. Explain the meaning of the term ‘element’. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
e) Besides chlorine, compounds of fluorine are added to the tap water in Hong Kong.
Explain why. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
f) Suggest why filter cartridges should be replaced regularly. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
g) Suggest why filtered water should be kept in a fridge. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
h) i) Suggest a process for obtaining pure water from sea water. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
Question Bank
ii) Draw a labelled diagram of the set-up for carrying the process suggested in (i)
in the laboratory. (3 marks)
Answer
21. a) To inform the public. (1)
b) To sterilize water. (1)
c) C (1)
d) An element is a substance which cannot be broken down into anything simpler
(1)
by chemical methods. (1)
e) To help prevent tooth decay. (1)
f) Clogged filter losses effectiveness. / Bacteria build up on cartridge. (1)
g) To slow down the growth of bacteria. (1)
h) i) Distillation (1)
ii)
(1 mark for correct set-up; 1 mark for labelling anti-bumping granules and
thermometer; 1 mark for labelling sea water and pure water; award 0 mark if
the set-up is not workable) (3)
22. Suppose you are provided with a mixture of sodium chloride powder and sand. Describe
how you can obtain pure sodium chloride crystals from the mixture. (6 marks)
Question Bank
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Answer
22. Dissolve the mixture in distilled water. Remove the insoluble sand from the solution by
filtration. (1)
Heat the filtrate until a saturated solution is obtained. (1)
Cool the saturated solution slowly to obtain large sodium chloride crystals. (1)
Filter off the crystals from the solution. (1)
Wash the crystals with a small amount of cold water and dry them with filter paper.
(1)
Unit 4
Rocks and minerals
23. A small piece of limestone was heated strongly and left to cool on a watch glass. A few
drops of cold water were added. The solid expanded and gave off steam.
a) Name the pieces of apparatus labelled X, Y and Z. (3 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Question Bank
b) i) What is the solid S? (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Write a word equation for the formation of solid S from limestone.
(1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
c) i) What would be observed when cold water is added to solid S? (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Write a word equation for the reaction involved. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
Answer
23. a) X — clamp (1)
Y — Bunsen burner (1)
Z — dropper (1)
b) i) quicklime / calcium oxide (1)
ii) calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide (1)

c) i) Solid S falls apart. (1)
ii) calcium oxide + water calcium hydroxide (1)
24. A student conducted an experiment on calcium carbonate.

Question Bank
a) In what forms does calcium carbonate occur in nature? (3 marks)

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
b) Write a word equation for the themal decomposition of calcium carbonate.

(1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
c) Limewater is a solution of substance X. Name X. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) What was the use of limewater in the experiment? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
e) i) What would happen to the limewater in the experiment? (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
f) There is ONE mistake in the experimental set-up. State the mistake and explain the
risk involved. (3 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
24. a) Chalk (1)
Limestone (1)
Marble (1)
b) calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide (1)

Question Bank
c) Calcium hydroxide (1)

d) To test for carbon dioxide gas. (1)
e) i) The limewater turned milky. (1)
ii) calcium hydroxide + carbon dioxide calcium carbonate + water
(1)
f) The student should not cork up the test tube containing the limewater. (1)
In the heating process, gas will be released and the pressure inside the system will
increase. (1)
If the pressure is too high, the stopper will be forced out. It is dangerous. (1)
25. Limestone is mainly composed of calcium carbonate. When exposed to the correct
conditions over many years, limestone changes to marble.
a) Give ONE use of limestone in industry. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
b) What conditions cause limestone to become marble? (2 marks)

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
25. a) Any one of the following:
 Extracting iron from iron ore (1)
 As a material for the construction of road and buildings (1)
 To neutralize acidity in soil and water (1)
 To neutralize sulphur dioxide in flue gas from power stations (1)
 Making glass (1)
b) The limestone deposit may stay below the Earth for a long time. (1)
Higher temperature and pressure may turn the limestone into marble. (1)
26. Study the following reactions that start from calcium carbonate.
Question Bank
a) The reaction in Stage 1 gives, apart from calcium oxide, a gaseous product.
i) Name the gaseous product. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Suggest ONE test for the gaseous product. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
b) i) Suggest how calcium oxide can be converted to calcium hydroxide in Stage 2.

(1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Write a word equation for the conversion. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
c) i) Suggest how calcium carbonate can be converted to calcium chloride in Stage

3. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) State the expected observation in the reaction. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
iii) Write a word equation for the reaction. (1 mark)

Question Bank
_______________________________________________________________
Answer
26. a) i) Carbon dioxide (1)
ii) The gas turns limewater milky. (1)
b) i) Add water to calcium oxide. (1)
ii) calcium oxide + water calcium hydroxide (1)
c) i) Add dilute hydrochloric acid to calcium carbonate. (1)
ii) Effervescence occurs. / Calcium carbonate dissolves in the dilute acid.
(1)
iii) calcium carbonate + dilute hydrochloric acid calcium chloride +
water + carbon dioxide
(1)
27. Suggest how you would show the presence of calcium carbonate in a sample of
construction material. (6 marks)
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Answer
27. Carry out flame test to show the presence of calcium in the sample. (1)
A sample containing calcium will give a brick-red flame. (1)
Add dilute hydrochloric acid to the sample. (1)
A carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to give carbon dioxide gas. (1)
The gas will turn limewater milky. (1)
28. For each of the following pairs of solid samples, suggest a test to distinguish between
them. State your expected observations in each case.
a) Sodium chloride and calcium chloride (3 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Question Bank
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
b) Copper(II) carbonate and copper(II) sulphate (3 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
c) Magnesium sulphate and magnesium chloride (3 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
28. a) Use flame test. (1)
Sodium chloride gives a golden yellow flame. (1)
Calcium chloride gives a brick-red flame. (1)
b) Add dilute hydrochloric acid to the solids separately. (1)
Test for any gas evolved with limewater. (1)
Only copper(II) carbonate gives carbon dioxide gas which turns limewater milky.
(1)
Copper(II) sulphate gives no observable change.
c) Dissolve the solids in water. (1)
Add dilute nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution separately. (1)
Only magnesium chloride solution gives a white precipitate. (1)
Magnesium sulphate solution gives no observable change.
29. Quicklime and slaked lime are important compounds that can be manufactured from
limestone.
a) Complete the following table with the chemical names for quicklime and slaked
Question Bank
lime. (2 marks)
Common name Chemical name

Limestone calcium carbonate
Quicklime
Slaked lime
b) i) Suggest how limestone can be converted to quicklime in Process 1.

(1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Write a word equation for the process involved. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
c) Suggest how quicklime can be converted to slaked lime in Process 2. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) Suggest how you can show the presence of calcium carbonate in limestone.
(6 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
e) Give ONE use of limestone in the building industry. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
f) A mining company has applied to set up a limestone quarry in an area of natural

beauty.
Question Bank
Read the newspaper below and answer the questions that follow.
Protesters say NO!

to limestone quarry
A protest group will march through the town
tomorrow to try to prevent the setting up of a
limestone quarry. Managers from the mining
company have agreed to discuss the issue with
the environmental protesters.
The mining company has agreed to carry out
the blasting and the movement of trucks only at
certain times during weekdays. The company
has also promised to restore the area when
quarrying has finished.
i) Give TWO reasons why you think that the protesters want to prevent the
setting up of the limestone quarry. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Suggest TWO ways in which the limestone quarry is beneficial to the local
people. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Answer
29. a) Quicklime: calcium oxide (1)
Slaked lime: calcium hydroxide (1)
b) i) Heating limestone strongly (1)
ii) calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide (1)
c) Adding water to quicklime (1)
d) Carry out a flame test on limestone. (1)
Limestone gives a brick-red flame, indicating that it contains calcium. (1)
Add a little dilute hydrochloric acid to limestone. (1)
Effervescence occurs. (1)
Question Bank
The gas (carbon dioxide) given off turns limewater milky, indicating that limestone
is a carbonate. (1)
e) Heat with shale to make cement which is used to make concrete. (1)
f) i) Any two of the following:
 Destroy area of natural beauty (1)
 Damage the environment (1)
 Noise (from blasting and trucks) (1)
 Dust (from trucks) (1)
ii) Any two of the following:
 Employment for local people (1)
 Tax paid to the local government (1)
 Limestone can be used in extracting iron from iron ore (1)
 Limestone can be used for the construction of roads and buildings (1)
30. The following diagram shows a flowchart starting from quicklime.
a) Suggest how quicklime can be converted to limewater in Process 1. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
b) i) Suggest how calcium carbonate can be obtained from limewater in Process 2.

(1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
c) Both quicklime and calcium carbonate are white solids.

i) Suggest how you can show that both quicklime and calcium carbonate are
calcium compounds. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
Question Bank
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Suggest how you can distinguish between quicklime and calcium carbonate.
(3 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
d) Suggest ONE use of quicklime. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
30. a) Adding water (1)
b) i) Passing carbon dioxide through limewater. (1)
ii) calcium hydroxide + carbon dioxide calcium carbonate + water
(1)
c) i) Carry out flame test on the solids. (1)
Both give a brick-red flame. (1)
ii) Add dilute hydrochloric acid to the solids separately. (1)
Test for any gas evolved with limewater. (1)
Effervescence occurs for calcium carbonateonly. Carbon dioxide gas which
turns limewater milky is given off. (1)
OR
Heat the solids separately. (1)
Then test for any gas evolved with limewater. (1)
Only calcium carbonate gives carbon dioxide which turns limewater milky.
(1)
d) Any one of the following:
 Used in making steel from iron (1)
 To neutralize acidity in soil (1)
 As a drying agent in industry (1)
31. A student investigated the action of heat on calcium carbonate by the following steps.
Step 1 Heat some calcium carbonate on a soft drink cap strongly.
Step 2 Add a few drops of water to the solid product formed in Step 1 .
Step 3 Put the substance obtained into a small beaker. Half fill the beaker with water
and stir the mixture.
Step 4 Filter about 10 cm3 of the liquid into a boiling tube.
Question Bank
Step 5 Blow through a straw into the liquid in the boiling tube.
a) Name the solid formed when calcium carbonate is heated strongly in Step 1.
(1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
b) Write a word equation for the reaction occurred in Step 1. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
c) Name the substance obtained in Step 2. (1 mark)

__________________________________________________________________
d) Draw a labelled diagram of the experimental set-up used in Step 4. (2 marks)
e) i) Describe what will be observed in Step 5. Explain your answer.

(2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
ii) Write a word equation for the reaction occurred in Step 5. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
Answer
31. a) Calcium oxide (1)
b) calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide (1)
c) Calcium hydroxide (1)
Question Bank
d)
(1 mark for correct set-up; 1 mark for labelling filter funnel and filter paper; award
0 mark if the setup is not workable) (2)
e) i) The liquid turns milky (1)
due to the formation of insoluble calcium carbonate. (1)
ii) carbon dioxide + calcium hydroxide calcium carbonate + water
(1)
32. Marble lumps are allowed to react with dilute hydrochloric acid in a boiling tube as
shown below. Gas X and salt Y are produced in the reaction.
a) Name the main chemical constituent of marble. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
b) Describe TWO observable changes when marble lumps are added to dilute
hydrochloric acid. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Question Bank
c) Write a word equation for the reaction between marble and dilute hydrochloric
acid. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
d) Consider the method used for collecting gas X. How does the density of gas X
compare to that of air? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
e) Describe the colour of gas X. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
f) Suggest a test to identify gas X. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
g) Solid salt Y can be obtained by the following steps.

Step 1 Decant the solution in the boiling tube into a small beaker.
Step 2 Evaporate the solution until it becomes saturated.
Step 3 Allow the saturated solution to cool down to obtain solid salt Y.
Step 4 Separate solid salt Y from the saturated solution.
i) Draw a labelled diagram of the experimental set-up for Step 2. (2 marks)
ii) Consider Step 3. Explain why solid salt Y would be obtained when the
saturated solution cools down. (2 marks)
Question Bank
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
iii) Suggest a method for separating solid salt Y from the saturated solution in
Step 4. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
iv) Suggest whether Step 4 involve a physical or chemical change. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________
Answer
32. a) Calcium carbonate (1)
b) Marble chips dissolve in the acid. (1)
Effervescence occurs. (1)
c) calcium carbonate + dilute hydrochloric acid calcium chloride + water
+ carbon dioxide (1)
d) The density of X is higher than that of air. (1)
e) Colourless (1)
f) Gas X can turn limewater milky. (1)
g) i)
(1 mark for correct set-up; 1 mark for correct labels; award 0 mark if the set-
up is not workable) (2)
ii) When the saturated solution cools, the solvent cannot hold all the solutes.
(1)
The extra solutes separate out as solids. (1)
iii) Filtration (1)
iv) Physical change (1)
33. A student prepared dry carbon dioxide gas by adding dilute hydrochloric acid to
Question Bank
limestone using the setup shown below.
a) Name items X, Y and Z. (3 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
b) There are TWO mistakes in the above set-up. Complete the following table.
(6 marks)
State the mistake and explain Suggest a method for

why it is wrong correction
Mistake 1
Mistake 2
c) Draw a hazard warning symbol that should be displayed on a bottle of concentrated

sulphuric acid. (1 mark)
Question Bank
d) Suggest TWO safety precautions that should be taken when working with
concentrated sulphuric acid in the laboratory. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________
e) Besides concentrated sulphuric acid, suggest ONE common drying agent.

(1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________
Answer
33. a) X – tap funnel (1)
Y – flat-bottomed flask (1)
Z – gas jar (1)
b)
State the mistake and explain Suggest a method for
why it is wrong correction
The end of the delivery tube for Put the end of the delivery tube
the incoming gas is not under the for the incoming gas under the
Mistake 1 drying agent. (1) drying agent. (1)
The gas cannot pass through the
drying agent. (1)
Carbon dioxide cannot be Collect the gas by downward
collected by upward delivery. (1) delivery / gas syringe. (1)
Mistake 2
Carbon dioxide is denser than air.
(1)
c)
(1)
d) Any two of the following:
 Wear safety glasses and protective gloves. (1)
Question Bank
 Wash affected areas with plenty of water if spilt on the skin or clothes. (1)
 Carry out the experiment inside a fume cupboard. (1)
 Do not add water to the acid directly when washing containers of concentrated
sulphuric acid. (1)
e) Anhydrous calcium chloride / calcium oxide (1)

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Multiple choice questions

1.3: Laboratory safety

1. What is the meaning of the following hazard warning label?

A (1) → (2) → (4) → (3)

3. Which of the following hazard warning labels should be displayed on a bottle of

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6. What is the meaning of the following hazard warning label?

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7. Which of the following should NOT be done in a laboratory?

8. Which of the following may lead to ‘striking back’ of a Bunsen flame?

Which of the following household products might X be?

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A (1) and (2) only

A (1) and (2) only

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C (1) and (3) only

15. A student conducts an experiment using concentrated hydrochloric acid.

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A (1) and (2) only

16. The label below is displayed on a container for chemical X:

What might X be?

A (1) and (2) only

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D (2) and (3) only

Which of the following actions can prevent ‘sucking back’ of water?

1.5: Common apparatus in the laboratory

19. Consider the experimental set-up shown below:

Which of the following combinations about apparatus X, Y and Z is correct?

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B electronic balance spatula crucible

21. Which of the following apparatus is used to transfer solid chemicals?

23. Consider the experimental set-up shown below:

Which of the following combinations about apparatus X and Y is correct?

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A evaporating dish rack

24. Consider the experimental set-up shown below:

Which of the following combinations about apparatus X, Y and Z is correct?

25. Consider the experimental set-up shown below:

Which of the following combinations about apparatus X and Y is correct?

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Which of the following gas(es) can be collected by the set-up shown?

A (1) and (2) only

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Which of the following statements is / are correct?

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A (1) and (2) only

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A (1) and (2) only

2.2: Classification of matter: pure substances and mixtures

2. Which of the following substances is a mixture?

3. Which of the following substances is a pure substance?

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5. Which of the following statements about elements is correct?

6. Which of the following statements about compounds is correct?

7. How many elements does sodium hydroxide consist of?

8. Which of the following substances is a pure substance?

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9. Which of the following substances is a compound?

12. Which of the following substances has a sharp boiling point?

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