TRENDS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Artificial Intelligence
Internet of Things
Augmented Reality
Virtual Reality
Blockchain Technology
Automation

MOVIES
1. Artificial Intelligence (2001)
2.Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003)
3.I, Robot (2004) 
4.Wall-e (2008)
5.Ex Machina (2014)
6.Automata (2014)
7. Chappie (2015)

Robots were the common denominator in the 6 movies. But is this what AI is? According to the Future of Life
Institute, this belief is one of the myths surrounding AI. Click the object on the left of the image to read the top
myths about Advanced AI.
There are other movies that portrayed the powers of AI not just focusing on robots. Click on the button to see some
of these movies. 

Artificial Intelligence
There is more to AI than just talking about robots or robotics. You can see from the word cloud  that robot is just
one of many concepts under AI.  As you have already seen in the other movies, there were themes about data
mining, predictive analysis, super computers doing what maybe beyond human control, whether these are facts of
fiction. 
About
Simulation of human intelligence in machines that are  programmed  to think like humans and mimic their
actions
(Frankenfield, 2020)

Some related words:

  Machine learning
Expert systems 
Robotics
Neural networks
Natural language processing
Machine learning
While other approaches to developing AI exist, machine learning has largely powered much of the recent leaps and
bounds in the field. It is designed to loosely mimic the way humans themselves gather knowledge – through
learning. But while humans can pick up patterns or a skill from just a few examples, machines require vast amounts
of data.
Gray, R. (19 November 2018) The A-Z of how artificial intelligence is changing the world. Retrieved from
https://www.bbc.com/future/gallery/20181115-a-guide-to-how-artificial-intelligence-is-changing-the-world
Expert systems: a program that gives answers, solutions, or diagnoses, based on available information, by following
procedures that attempt to duplicate the thought processes and apply the knowledge of an expert in some
particular field (www.dictionary.com). 
Robotics: design, construction, and use of machines (robots) to perform tasks done traditionally by human beings
(Wikipedia)
Neural networks: A neural network is a type of machine learning which models itself after the human brain, creating
an artificial neural network that via an algorithm allows the computer to learn by incorporating new data.
While there are plenty of artificial intelligence algorithms these days, neural networks are able to perform what has
been termed deep learning.
Handwriting recognition is an example of a real world problem that can be approached via an artificial neural
network. The challenge is that humans can recognize handwriting with simple intuition, but the challenge for
computers is each person’s handwriting is unique, with different styles, and even different spacing between letters,
making it difficult to recognize consistently. What is a neural network?
By Jonas DeMuro December 17, 2019 https://www.techradar.com/news/what-is-a-neural-network

Natural language processing: interaction between computers and human languages (Wikipedia)

General Types
Specialized
AI                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
             
 is created to do one thing.
General AI
is created to learn to do anything.
Bullock, Mike (11 October 2019) Artificial General Intelligence in plain English Retrieved from
https://towardsdatascience.com/artificial-general-intelligence-in-plain-english-e8f6e9a56555

Two fields of AI:

1. Applied/ Specialized AI
Machines designed to complete very specifics tasks like navigating a vehicle, trading stocks, or playing chess (Global
FTX)
Specialized AI is just a software app that just does one thing, what that thing depends on which specialized AI app
you use (Bullock, 2019) e.g.Siri, Snapchat

2. General AI
Also termed as True AI, strong AI or Full AI
General AI will do for now since Full AI does not yet exist
General AI is a very different beast, it’s an AI that can learn to do different things. Imagine a Phillips screwdriver that
can morph into a saw, or a paint brush, or a tape measure. An intelligent screwdriver that can look at the problem
and then adapt to be the right tool to solve the problem.
 General AI would be able to learn, plan, reason, communicate in natural language, and integrate all of these skills to
apply to any task. (Bullock, 2019)
Machines designed to complete any task which would normally require human intervention. (Global ETFX)

Artificial Intelligence
(AI) Macro topic

MacMachine Learning
(ML) Subtopic/ subset of AI

Deep
Learning Refinement / Big Data
(DL)

What are the Differences between Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning?
While artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and Deep Learning (NYSE:DL) are often used
interchangeably, there are several key differences. One way to visualize the relationship is through a series of
concentric circles. AI is the macro topic which encompasses the entire field of study, while ML is a subtopic within
AI. DL is a further refinement of ML and represents the most cutting edge of AI applications that are being used
today.

ML is the process of building machines which can access data, apply algorithms to this data, and then train
themselves to deduce valuable insights based on these underlying datasets.
Currently, ML is typically used to recognize faces, voice commands, and objects, as well as to translate languages. It
has been successfully implemented in chatbots, such as Siri (Apple), Cortana (Microsoft), and Alexa (Amazon).

Most of us are unaware that we already interact with Machine Learning every single day. Every time we Google
something, listen to a song or even take a photo, Machine Learning is becoming part of the engine behind it,
constantly learning and improving from every interaction. It’s also behind world-changing advances like detecting
cancer, creating new drugs and self-driving cars. (Edwards,2018)

Deep learning takes artificial intelligence a step further, by mimicking how the human brain works through the use
of artificial neural networks. In an artificial neural network, each neuron is charged with providing a binary (yes/no)
response to basic questions about a piece of data. 
Consider a very basic artificial neural network which is responsible for determining if a photo contains a banana or
an apple. The network has three neurons which are responsible for answering:
Is the object in the picture round?
Is the object in the picture yellow?
Does the object in the picture have a stem?

Deep learning is a subset of machine learning in artificial intelligence (AI) that has networks capable of learning
unsupervised from data that is unstructured or unlabeled. Also known as deep neural learning or deep neural
network.
This data, known simply as big data, is drawn from sources like social media, internet search engines, e-
commerce platforms, and online cinemas, among others. 
Global X ETFs. (18 July 2017)
https://seekingalpha.com/article/4088363-artificial-intelligence-explained

Gavin, Edwards (18 November 2018)

https://towardsdatascience.com/machine-learning-an-introduction-23b84d51e6d0

Hargrave, Marshall (30 April 2019)

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/deep-learning.asp

2020 – Robot Mimic jokes/ Flirting

2023 – AI powered voice assistants to reach 8 billion

2030 – Global GDP will grow by S15.7 trillion

40% - AI  increasing business productivity

77% - feature one form of AI or another in our devices

AI has allowed many industries to flourish their business since more and more people are glued to their devices
using them from advertising to reach more customers.

80% - work done without humans by 2020

87%- companies adopting AI to improve email marketing
With the help of AI, humans have become more productive with their work. The location or distance of work no
longer limits employees from finishing their tasks because AI facilitates the completion of work. You can even do
business at the comfort of one’s home giving more contact time with family for those who have children or parents
at home.

75 countries are using AI technology for surveillance.

AI augmentation will create $2.29 trillion of business value by 2021.

Global AI market is expected to reach a revenue of $118.6 billion by 2025.

Here are more facts and figures about how AI is ushering so many benefits that we are or will
probably be enjoying. 

How has surveillance footages been facilitating of crime investigations in our country? More of
this will be discussed in the other trend called Internet of Things.

In the Philippines, the business process outsourcing industries are predicting to hire more than
1.8 million in 6 years. 
Source: 
ABS-CBN News. (12 May 2017). BPOs gearing up for the impact of Artificial Intelligence
(https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/05/12/17/bpos-gearing-up-for-impact-of-artificial-
intelligence-on-industry)

Self-driving cars
Imagine road safety not being a concern anymore in the future.
According to the Union of Concerned Scientists (https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/self-driving-
cars-101), “self-driving vehicles are cars or trucks in which human drivers are never required to
take control to safely operate the vehicle. Also known as autonomous or “driverless” cars, they
combine sensors and software to control, navigate, and drive the vehicle.”
They also stated that the costs and benefits of self-driving cars are still largely hypothetical. More
information is needed to fully assess how they’ll impact drivers, the economy, equity, and
environmental and public health.

Chatbots/ Virtual Assistants

According to Gray (2018), these talkative machines use the power of two branches of AI, natural
language processing and natural language generation, to interact with human users. They
appear on social media feeds, customer service pages and websites to provide conversation,
advice and companionship – and they are transforming the way we interact with organisations
including utilities companies, adult websites, pizza delivery firms, online stores, banks and even
governments.
Gray, R. (19 November 2018) The A-Z of how artificial intelligence is changing the world.
Retrieved from
https://www.bbc.com/future/gallery/20181115-a-guide-to-how-artificial-intelligence-is-
changing-the-world
Can you imagine the scenario of having to find all answers to your questions from a chatbot?
How will this impact the thinking capacity and decision-making of humans?

Facial Recognition
FACIAL RECOGNITION (in social media; travel; security)
Sheldon, A. (30 March 2020) Facial recognition, an artificial intelligence application form, helps
identify a person with their digital image or patterns of their facial features.
The year 2020 will witness a growth in the use of facial recognition technology with more
reliability and enhanced accuracy.
Top 5 Trends of Artificial Intelligence 
https://hackernoon.com/top-5-trends-of-artificial-intelligence-ai-2019-693f7a5a0f7b

Security and access control—as we see today in many airports—are primary applications of deep
learning-based facial recognition. 
Brandon Lewis (18 JUNE 2019)
https://www.insight.tech/content/is-facial-recognition-ai-s-first-killer-app

Facial recognition is a category of biometric software that maps an individual's facial features

mathematically and stores the data as a faceprint. The software uses deep learning algorithms to
compare a live capture or digital image to the stored faceprint in order to verify an individual's
identity. 
Face ID can be used to authenticate purchases with Apple Pay and in the iTunes Store, App Store
and iBooks Store. Apple encrypts and stores faceprint data in the cloud, but authentication takes
place directly on the device. 
Gillis, Alex (
https://searchenterpriseai.techtarget.com/definition/facial-recognition

Language Translators
are AI translators really superior to human translators? And does this mean you should give up
your English classes?

AI translators are digital tools that use advanced artificial intelligence to not only translate the
words that are written or spoken, but also to translate the meaning (and sometimes sentiment)
of the message. This results in greater accuracy and fewer misunderstandings than when using
simple machine translation.
Instead of asking your teacher what a word or phrase means, these days you can easily find an
app which automatically translates a foreign language to your mother tongue.

Brenda, _(13 November 2019). “AI Translators: The Future Of Language Learning?” Retrieved
from https://oxfordhousebcn.com/en/artificial-intelligence-translators-the-future-of-language-
learning/

In tests where human and machine translated text is compared side by side, Google Translate
previously ranked at 3.6 of 6 at Spanish to English, with 6 being a perfect translation. Humans
generally rank at 5.1, and Google’s new method hits 5.0.
https://qz.com/792621/googles-new-ai-powered-translation-tool-is-nearly-as-good-as-a-human-
translator/
 AI is here to stay. It
continues to learn human
behavior while
influencing our lifestyle 
without us even knowing
it. 
The Matrix (1999)—super computers—General AI?/ DL
Minority Report (2002) data mining –data scientists –Specific AI? / DL
Moneyball (2011) predictive analytics ML—Specific AI/ DL
Her (2013) –human relation with OS , virtual assistants—Specific AI/ ML
Transcendence (2014)—super computer—fact or fiction?—nanotechnology—General AI?/ DL