IAMSAR Manual INTERNATIONAL AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME SEARCH AND RESCUE MANUAL Volume III MOBILE FACILITIES incorporating 2001, 2002 and 2003 amendments @ ~< IMO. IMO/ICAO London/Montreal, 2004Pabished find in 2003 by the INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANZATION 4 Abert Embankment, Landon St 7SR, United Kingdoms nd the INTERNATIONAL VIL AVISTON ORGANIZATION ‘999 Urwersiy Stee, Montreal Quebec, Canala HBC 347 Fist ection 1998 secon ediion 2003 Third ection 2004 ‘Ths edtion printed by the UK by Halstan & Cu. Ud, Amersham, Bucks 2468 W975 3 SBN 92801-41716 IMO PUBLICATION IMO sales number: 1962 Capyright © IMOJICAD 2004 All ight reserved [No part of this pubcaban may be reoroduce stored va retroval si or bansmtted in any form or Ey amy rears, electron ebcrostai ragnetic tne, mecranicl photocopying or ctherwise Without arr persion a wtng rom the lntemational Mantine Organization oF the inernavonal Col Awaton Organization.Foreword The primary purpose of the three volumes of the Intemational Aeronautical and! Maritime Search and Rescue Manual is to assist States in meeting their own search and rescue (SAR) needs and the obligations they accepted under the Convention an International Civil Aviation, the Intemational Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue, and the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). These volumes provide guidelines for a common aviation and maritime approach to organizing and providing SAR services. Slates are encouraged to develop and improve their SAR services, to co-operate with neighbouring States and to consider their SAR services to be part of a global SAR system, Each IAMSAR Manual volume is written with specific SAR system duties in mind, and can be used asa stand-alone document, or, in conjunction with the other two volumes, as a means to attain a full view of the SAR. system. © The Organization and Management volume (volume 1) ciscusses the global SAR system concept, establishment and improvement of national and regional SAR systems, and co-operation with neighbour- ing States to provide effective and economical SAR services; # The Mission Co-ordination volume (volume Il) assists personnel who plan and co-ordinate SAR operations and exercises; and # The Mobile Facilities volume (volume Ill) is intended to be carried aboard rescue units, aircraft, and vessels to help with performance of a search, rescue, or onscene co-ordinator function and with aspects Of SAR that pertain to their own emergencies, This Manual is published jointly by the International Civil Aviation Organization and the International Maritime Organization, Since it was published in 1998, this volume has been amended by the 2001 Amendments (adopted by ICAO and by the IMO Maritime Safety Commitice at its seveniy-fourth session in June 2001, and entered into force on 1 July 2002), by the 2002 Amendments (adopted by ICAO. and by the seventy-fith session of that Committee in May 2002, and emtered into force on 1 July 2003) and by the 2003 amendmentsForeword (adopted by ICAO and by the seventy-seventh session of the IMO Committee in June 2003, and apply as from 1 july 2004), tt has also been amended to reflect the changes to chapter V of SOLAS 1974 that were adopted in December 2000 and entered into force on 1 July 2002.Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms. Glossary. Section 1: Overview Section 2: Rendering Assistance Section 3: On-Scene Co-ordination Section 4: On-Board Emergencies Appendices Appendix A: Regulation V/33 of the Intemational Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended Appendix B: Search Action Message .« Appendix C: Factors Affecting Observer Effectiveness Appendix D: Standard Format for Search and Rescue Situation Report (SITREP) Appendix F: SAR Briefing and Debriefing Form Al BI a Da eAns and Acronyms A coo search area Ac . osm aireratl ACO. aircrait co-ordinator AM amplitude modulation AMVER Automated Mutuaassistance Vessel Rescue ATC air trafic control ATS sonnel traffic services ces coast earth station CIRM ..Centro Intemnazionale RadioMedico crs coast radio station os call sign cs = creeping line search esc aan creeping line search, coordinated csp commence search point, cw continuous wave DF .. direction finding DMB sonnecnee Gaturn matker buoy DR eee deed reckoning psc . digital selective calling FLT emergency locator transmitter EPIRB _ emergency position.indicating radio beacon ETA stimated time of arrival =D estimated time of departure FV : fishing vessel FM frequency modulation fa : . weather correction factor Ges es sonegtound earth station vilAbbreviations and Acronyms GHz «gigahertz: GMDSS... global maritime distress and safety system OPS oso slobal positioning system cs ground speed stn eyes : snes BFOSS 10M HF ae z .- high frequency Icao .alnternational Civil Aviation Organization HR instrument flight rules IMC instrument meteorological conditions IMO. International Maritime Organization Inmarsat International Mobile Satelite Organization INTERCO, Intemational Code of Signals JRC... joint (aeronautical and maritime) rescue co-ordination centre kite kilohertz kt knot (nautical mile per hour) 1cB line of constant bearing LES land earth station LKP last known position Lanse ater snalocel user terminal iw leeway m metre MIV cose merchant vessel mec ez mission control centre MEDEVAC medical evacuation MEDICO... medical advice, usually by radio MF es - oe medium frequency Miz megahertz Mst . maritime safety information NBDP. narrow-band direct printingNM ose pw PLB POB Ps RT RANP. Rec RSC .... RIG RTT Ss SN SAR ‘SART sc SES SITREP ... SMC SOLAS SRR srs SRU ss ssp su Tr Abbreviations and Acronyms nautical mile ..-person in water personal locator beacon, persons on board parallel sweep search search radius radlo telephony regional air navigation plan rescue co-ordination centre rescue subcentre radio telegraphy radio teletype track spacing sailing vessel search and rescue search and rescue transponder search and rescue co-ordinator ship earth station situation report search and rescue mission co-ordinator Safety of Life at Sea search and rescue region search and rescue subregion search and rescue unit ‘expanding square search single-sideband search unit search time available xand Acronyms F true course TAS true air speed Ts track line search TSN track line search, nonetum UF... ultra high frequency ure coordinated universal time v a . SAR facility ground speed VFR = a visual fight rules VHF very high frequency vMc . sone. visual meteorological conditions V5, ee Es snnsneene Sector search wr radio telegraphGlossary Aircraft co-ordinator (Aco) Automated Mutual assistance Vessel Rescue System (AMVER) Captain Coast earth station (CES) Commence search point (csp) Conclusion stage Cospas-Sarsat System Course Craft Datum Digital selective calling (psc) Direction of waves, swells, or seas Direction of wind A person who co-orcinates the involvement of multiple aireraft in SAR operations. A worldavide vessel reporting system for SAR for maintaining estimated position and other data of merchant vessels that voluntarily participate. Master of a ship or pilotincommand of an aircraft, commanding oificer of a warship, or an operator of aay other vessel Maritime name for an Inmarsat shorebased station linking ship earth stations with terrestrial communications networks. Point, norrnally specified by the SMC, where a SAR facility is to begin its search pattern A period during a SAR incident when SAR facilties return to their regular location and prepare for another mission A satellite system designed to detect disiress beacons transmilting on the frequencies 121.5 MHz and 406 MHz. The intended hoxizontal dicection of travel of acai. Any air or seasurface vehicle, or submersible of any kind or size. A geoaraphic point, line, oF area used as a reierence in search planning, [A technique using digital codes which enables a radio station to establish contact with, and transfer information to, another station or group of stations, Direction irom which the waves, swells, or seas are moving, Direction from which the wind is blowing.Glossary Distress alert Ditching, Drift Emergency locator transmitter (FLT) indicating radio beacon (EPIRB) False alarm False alert Fetch Global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) Heading, Hypothermia Notification by any means that a distress situation exists and assistance is needed. The forced landing of an aircraft on water Movement of a search object caused by environmental forces. Aeronautical radio distress beacon for alerting and transmitting homing signals. A device, usually carried aboard maritime crait, that transmits a signal that alerts search and rescue authorities and enables rescue units to locate the scene of the distress. Distress alert initiated for other than on appropriate test, by communications equipment intended for alerting, when no stress stuation actually exists Distress alert received trom any source, including communications equipment intended for alerting, when no distress situation actually exists, and a notification of distress should not have resulted. ‘The distance the waves have heen driven by 2 wind blowing in a constant direction, without obstruction. A global communications service based upon automated systems, both satellite- based and terrestrial, to provide distress alerting and promulgation of maritime safety information for marines. The horizontal direction in which a crat is pointed, Abnormal lowering of inteial body temperature (heat loss) from exposure to coid air, wind, or water.Inmarsat Leeway MAYDAY MEDEVAC MEDICO Narrowband direct printing (NBDP) NAVAREA NAVTEX Onscene On-scene co-ordinator (osc) PAN-PAN, Glossary An organization which operates a system of geostationary satelites for world-wide mobile communications services, and which supports the GMDSS and other emergency communications systems. The movement of a search object through water caused by winds blowing against exposed surfaces Spoken intemational distress signal, repeated three times. Evacuation of a person for medical reasons, Medical advice. Exchange of medical information and recommended treatment for sick or injured persons where treatment cannot be administered directly by proseribing medical personnel. Automated telegraphy, as used by the NAVTEX sysiem and telexoversadio. One of 16 areas into which the world’s oceans are divided by the Intemational Maritime Organization for dissemination of navigation and meteorological warnings. Telegraphy system for transmission of mantime safety information, navigation and meteorological warnings, and urgent injormation to ships. The search area or the actual distress site. A person designated to co-ordinate search and rescue operations within a specified aes. The international radiotelephony urgency signal, When repeated three times, indicates uncertainty or alen, followed by nature of urgency. xiGlossary Primary swell Rescue Rescue action plan Rescue co-ordination centre (RCC) Rescue sub-centre (RSC) ‘SafetyNET Sea Search Search action plan Search and rescue ion co-ordinator (SMC) ‘The swell system having the greatest height from trough to crest ‘An operation to retrieve persons in distress, provide for their initial medical or other needs, and deliver them to 2 place of safety. A plan for rescue operations normally prepared by the SMC for implementation by the OSC and faciities onscene ‘A unit responsible for promoting efficient organization of search and rescue services and for co-ordinating the conduct of search and rescue operations within a search and rescue region. A unit subordinate to a rescue co-ordination centre esablished to complement the latter according to particular provisions of the responsible authorities Communications service provided via Inmarsat for promulgation of mantime safety information, including shore-toship relays of distress alerts and communications for search and rescue coordination. Condition of the surface resulting from waves and swells. ‘An operation, normally co-ordinated by a rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub- centie, using available personnel and facilites to locate persons in distess. Message, normally developed by the SMC, for passing instructions to SAR facilities and agencies participating in a SAR mission. ‘he official temporarily assigned to co- ordinate response to an actual or apparent distress situationSearch and rescue region (SRR) Search and rescue unit (sRu) Search and rescue transponder (SART) Swell Swell direction Swell face Swell velocity Track spacing (5) True air speed (TAS) Clossary An area of defined dimensions, associated with a rescue coordination centre, within which search and rescue services are provided. A unit composed of trained personnel and provided with equipment suitable for the expeditious conduct of search and rescue operations. A survival craft transponder that, when activated, sends out a signal automatically when a pulse from a nearby radar reaches it. The signal appears on the interrogating, radar screen and gives the bearing and distance of the transponder trom the interrogating radar for search and rescue purposes. Condition of the surface caused by a distant wind system. The individual swell appears to be regular and smooth with considerable distance betveen rounded crests The direction from which a swvell is moving. The direction toward which a swell is moving js called the direction swell The side of the swell toward the observer. The back side is the side away from the observer. These definitions apply regardless of the direction of swell movernent. Velocity with which the swells advance with relation to a fixed point, measured in knots, The distance between adjacent parallel search tacks. The speed an aircraft is travelling through the air mass. TAS corrected for wind equals ground speed.Glossary Wave (ar chop) The condition of the suriace caused by local wind and characterized by irregularity, short distance between crests, whitecaps, and breaking motion, Wind current The water current generated by wind acting upon the surface of water over a period of time. wiSection 1 - Overview Contents Purpose 1 Responsibilities and Obligations to Assist... : 11 National and Regional SAR System Organization MM SAR Co-ordination SAR Co-ordinators SAR Mission Co-ordinator OnScene Coordinator Ship Reporting Systems The Automated MutuakAssisiance Vessel Rescue (AMVER) Sysiem Aircraft Reporting System, : 15 13Section 1 - Overview Purpose The purpose of the International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue Manual for Mobile Facilities, which is intended for cartiage aboard search and rescue units, and aboard civil aircraft and vessels, is \o provide guidance to those who: ‘© operate aircraft, vessels or other craft, and who may be called upon to use the facilily to support SAR operations ‘© may need to perform on-scene co-ordinator functions for muliple facilities in the vicinity of a distress situation @ experience actual or potential emergencies, and may require search and rescue (SAR) assistance. Responsibilities and Obligations to Assist Under long-standing traditions of the sea and various provisions of intemational law, ship masters are obligated to assist others in distress at sea whenever they can safely do so, The responsibilities to render assistance to a distressed vessel or aircraft are based on humanitarian considerations and established international practice. Specific obligations can be found in several conventions, including the following: '¢ Annex 12 to the Convention on Intemational Ci © International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue ‘» Regulation V/33 of the International Convention for the Safety Of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS 1974). (See appendin A) Aviation National and Regional SAR System Organization Many States have accepted the obligation to provide aeronautical and maritime SAR co-ordination and services on a 24-hour basis for their territories, territorial seas, and where appropriate, the high seas. © To carry out these responsibilities, States have established national SAR organizations, or joined one or more other States to form a regional SAR organization associated with an ocean area or continent. WSection 1 - Overview © A search and rescue region (SRR) is an area of defined dimensions associated with a rescue co-ordination centre (RCC) within which SAR services are provided SRRs help to define who has primary responsibility for co- ordinating responses to distress situations in every area of the ‘world, but they are not intended to restrict anyone from assisting persons in distress & the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) regi navigation plans (RANPs) depict aeronautical SRRS 1 the International Matitime Organization (IMO) Global SAR Plan depicts maritime SRRS. SAR Co-ordination Th R system has three general levels of co-ordination: SAR co-ordinators (SCs) ‘# SAR mission co-ordinators (SMCs} @ Onscene co-ordinators (OSCs| 1 SAR Co-ordinators © SCS are the top level SAR managers; each State normally will have fone or more persons or agencies for whom this designation may be eppropriate © SCs have the overall responsibilty for: establishing, staffing, equipping and managing the SAR system 3 establishing RCCs and rescue sub-centres (RSCs) 17 providing or arranging for SAR facilities 1D corordinating SAR training 15 developing SAR policies. 1 SAR Mission Co-ordinator ‘© Fach SAR operation is carried out under the guidance of an SMC. This function exists only for the duration of a specific SAR incident and is normally performed by the RCC chief or a designee. The SMC may have assisting staf. ‘© The SMC guides a SAR operation until a rescue has been effected or it becomes apparent that further efforts would be of no avail 12Section 1 - Overview © The SMC should be wel trained in all SAR processes, be thoroughly familiar with the applicable SAR plans, and: 10 gather information about distress situations 1 develop accurate and workable SAR action plans L dispatch and co-ordinate the resources to carry out SAR missions, © SMC dati © obtain and evaluate all data on the emergency ascertain the type of emergency equipment cariied by the missing, or distressed craft remain iniormed of prevailing environmental conditions 10 if necessary, ascertain movements and locations of vessels and alert shipping in likely search areas for rescue, lookout and/or radio watch 1a plot the areas to search and decide on methods and facilities to be used 15 develop the search action plan and rescue action plan as appropriate & covrdinate the operation with adjacent RCCs when appropriate U arrange briefing and debriefing of SAR personnel G evaluate all reports and modify search action plan as necessary U arrange for refueling of aircrait and, for prolonged search, make arrangements for the accommodation of SAR personnel (1 arrange for delivery of supplies 10 sustain survivors 17 maintain in chronological order an accurate and uptodate tecoed 1 Issue progress reports 15 recommend to the RCC chief the abandoning or suspending of the search release SAR facilities when assistance is no longer required © notify accident investigation authorities © if applicable, notify the State of registry of the aircraft & prepare a final report include: © OnScene Co-ordinator © When two or more SAR facllties are working together on the same mission, one person on-scene may be needed to co-ordinate the activities of all participating facilities 3Section 1 - Overview 10 The SMC designates an OSC, who may be the person in charge of a = search and rescue unit (SRU}, ship, or aircraft participating in a search, or = nearby facility in a position to handle OSC duties. © The person in charge of the first facility to antive at the scene will normally assume the OSC function until the SMC arranges for that pesson to be relieved ip Reporting Systems © Ship reporting systems have been established by some States. Merchant vessels may be the only craft near the scene of a distressed aircratt or vessel. © A ship reporting system enables the SMC to quickly: © identify vessels in the vicinity of a distress situation, along with their positions, courses, and speeds 17 be aware of other information about the vessels which may be valuable (whether a doctor is aboard, etc.) 1D know how to contact the vessels, © Masters of vessels are urged to send regular reports to the authority operating 2 ship reporting system for SAR. 1 The Automated Mutual-Assistance Vessel Rescue (AMVER) System © AMVER is a worldavide system operated exclusively to support SAR and make information available to all RCC. 1 there is no charge for vessels to participate in, nor for RCCs 10 use, AMVER Li many land-based providers of communications services world wide relay ship reports to AMVER free of charge. Any merchant vessel of 1000 gross tons oF more on any voyage of greater than 24 hours is welcome to participate ‘© Benefits of participation include: 1D improved likelihood of rapid aid during emergencies 1p reduced number of calls for assistance to vessels unfavourably located to respond 1 reduced response time to provide assistance. 14Section 1 - Overview Information voluntarily provided by vessels to AMVER is protected by the US Coast Guard as commercial proprietary data and made available only to SAR authorties or others specifically authorized by the ship involved. © For further information regarding AMVER contact: AMVER Maritime Relations Commandant (G-OPR} 2100 2nd Street SW Washington, DC 20593, USA Telephone: +1 202 688 7764 Facsimile: +1 202 668 7604 Aircraft Reporting System © Aircraft typically rely upon air traffic services (ATS) units for fight following and communications services # Pilots are encouraged to file fight plans with the appropriate ATS unit to ensure expeditious response to an emergency.eon Ba eerie NOCTR LER pela re tere en 73 ea Wal ee Chie at Bester? yin exh co Poa area AM Scena ner me peice ech a out es eee eet ete eeSection 2 - Rendering Assistance Contents Initial Action by Assisting Craft Vessels Assisting Methods of Distress Notification. 2 Immediate Action 24 Proceeding to the Area of Distress 5 OnBoard Preparation Life-saving and rescue equipment 25 Signalling equipment. 26 Preparations for medical assistance. 26 Miscellaneous equipment. 26 Vessels Not Assisting 27 Aircraft Assisting Distress Call and Message Received. 27 Immediate Action: 5 27 Proceeding to Area of Distress Navigation equipment 28 Communications equipment. ee Miscellaneous equipment 28 Search Function Search Action Plan and Message Developing Own Search Planning Search Patterns . On$cene Radiocommunications Visual Communications Lookout Day NightSection 2 ~ Rendering Assistance Rescue Function Rescue Action Plan and Message. Developing a Rescue Plan 217 Assistance by SAR Aircraft Supply Dropping Assistance by Helicopters, Rescue Sling . Double Lift Method Rescue Basket .. Rescue Net Rescue Litter Rescue Seat Hi-Line Technique Helicopter Operations General... . a 223 Communications bercoon Ship and Helicoplbt for Winching Operations 24 Helicopter to Ship 24 Ship to Helicopter 225 Sample Briefing to Vessel Prior to Helicopter Winching 26 Vessel Preparation. 227 Postioning of Landing or Pickup Areas 227 Safety Preparations... 2.29 Salety Precautions when Approacting or Leaving a Helicopter, “ 233 Rescue by Maritime Facilities General Maritime Considerations. Ocean incident. Coastal incident... Assistance to Ditching AircraftSection 2 ~ Rendering Assistance Rescue by Aircrait Sighting and Subsequent Procedures... 236 Fixed Wing Aircraft 237 Helicopters. 2.38 Seaplanes and Amphibians, 238 Rescue by Land Facilities.. 238 Care of Survivors Immediate Care of Survivors Debriefing of Survivors one 239 238 Handling of Deceased Persons 2a Contact with the Media - Daz Other Assistance Intercept and Escort Service General 243 Aircraft Intercepts 244 Direct Intercepts... 24g The head-on direct intercept 244 The overtaking direct interceplnnnnnmnnn 246 The offset or beam-on intercept 247 Minimum Time to Scene Intercept (MTTSI) 250 Aircraft Ditching Aircraft Ditching Guidance Surface Craft Assistance. Communications Radio. Visual Assistance irom Ships Rescue and Care of SurvivorsSection 2 - Rendering Assisiance Training Search and Rescue Personnel. Air Search and Rescue Facilities Pilots Navigators Observers ‘Supply Droppers Maritime Search and Rescue Facilities Crew Members Deck Officers. Radio Operators. Look-outs: - Crews of Rescue Boats... First Aid ‘i Land Search and Rescue Facilities. Pararescue and Paramedical Personnel Depot Personnel. Masters and Officers of Merchant Ships.Se in 2 - Rendering Assistance Initial Action by Assisting Craft Vessels Assisting = Methods of Distress Notification ‘© An alarm signal or a disiress call from another vessel at sea, either directly or by relay © A distress call or message [rom aircraft. This usually occurs by relay from a CRS. # Alert sent from a vessel’s alerting equipment and then relayed shore- to-ship. © Visual signals or sound signals from a nearby distressed craft a Immediate Action © The following immediate action should be taken by any ship receiving a distress message © acknowledge receipt of message. gather the following information from the craft in distress i possiole: position of distressed craft distressed cratt’s identity, call sign, and name number of POBs nature of the distress or casualty lype of essistance required number of victims, if any distressed crait’s course and speed ‘ype of craft, and cargo carried any other pertinent information that might facilitate the rescueSection 2 - Rendering Assisiance 7 maintain a continuous watch on the following international frequencies, if equipped to do so: = 500 kHz (radiotelegraphy) ~ 2182 kHz (radiotelephony) = 1568 MHz FM (Channel 16, radiotelephony) for vessel distress = 121.5 MHz AM (radiotelephony) for aircraft distress after 1 February 1999, vesse's subject to the SOLAS Convention must comply with appicable equipment carriage and monitoring requirements 17 SOLAS communications equipment is referred to 2s Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) equipment, and includes: ~ Inmarsat ship earth stations = VHF, MF, and HF digital selective calling (DSC) radivs = maritime safety information receivers like NAVTEX and SafetyNET — handheld VHF equipment ~ emergency postiomindicating radio beacons (EPIRBs) = search and rescue radar transponders (SARTS) 1 any vessel carying GMDSS-compatible equipment should use it as intended, and must be prepared ot all tines to receive distress alerts with it (see figures on pages 2-3 and 2-4) © Vessels should maintain communications with the distressed craft while attompting to advise the SAR system of the situation ‘© The following information should be communicated to the distressed cratt 1 own vessel's identity, call sign, and name 1 own vessel’s position 3 own vessel's speed and estimated time of arrival (ETA) to distressed crait site 3 distressed crait’s true bearing and distance from ship. Use all available means to remain aware of the location of disiressed craft (such as radar plotting, chart plots, Global Positioning System. (GPS) 22OIE SSENSIP ISG JIN/SHA so UoNdeDD! uodn sdiys hq suonoy i0g Lojeupe-o9 arosey = 90H eRe e800 = $9 28c8 1 as01 UO Ae sHOASIP ORY ‘Lop 209 19 OY UF YIM LOWEINSICD UE sons Sus oti ual sonaay 8 sb 980 4 ‘o0u woanyso | WONT t 74 201201 HO JHA NO JSCaULSIG NI de 3H G4 ANOHJSTALOIOvE, AG JV HL 007 MONIOY Section 2 ~ Rendering Assistance een fi sainuw anu vos | | 03030341 (AOOTMONO-]2H 2012.91 HO AHA | ALY SS3MLSIO. y No NaLSMY ‘98a 23tion 2 - Rendering Assistance Sec Hele $s9SIp JSC JH Jo UORdev: uodn sdiys fq suoHoy onuso venoupio-ogsnasa = 90H sowsieey Ei vaio chaneaw wa Tgousison ea a vin20u ZovINOD | pes Tey sana aaa any aiu">50.0 ‘SALANIN 3AL4 HOF S mad L gs cess iets Sati aw OL HNO ATR auenimoosey [| Ssauisia [SSeS no scaivooney || SaathSection 2 ~ Rendering Assistance When in close proximity, post extra look ouls to keep distressed craft in sight The ship or CRS coordinating distress traffic should establish contact with the SMC. and pass on all available information, updating as necessary. Proceeding to the Area of Distress Establish a traffic co-ordinating system among vessels proceeding to the same area of distress. Maintain active radar plots on vessels in the general vicinity. Estimate the ETAS to the distress site of other assisting vessels. Assess the distress situation to prepare for operations on-scene. On-Board Preparation A vessel en route to assist a distressed craft should have the following equipment ready for possible use: life-saving and rescue equipment: lifeboat 3 inflatable liferaft 3 litejackets 3 survival suits for the crew 1 llebuoys, A breeches buoys 3 portable VHF radios for communication with the ship and boats deployed 5 linethrowing apparatus buoyant lifelines © hauling lines nonsparking boat hooks or grappling hooks hatchets rescue baskets linkers pilot ladders 10 scrambling nets L copies of the International Code of SignalsSection 2 ~ Rendering Assistance & radio equipment operating on MF/HF and/or VHF/UHF and capable of communicating with the SMC and rescue facilities, and with a facility for direction finding (DF) supplies and survival equipment, as required firefighting equipment portable ejector pumps 5 binoculars. 1 bailers and oars. Signalling equipment: signalling lamps searchlights torches flare pistol with colour-coded signal ares buoyant VHF/UHF marker beacons floating lights smoke generators a flame and smoke floats 3 dye markers; U loud hailers, Preparations for medical assistance, including: 3 stretchers 3 blankets medical supplies and medicines 3 clothing 5 food 1 shelter. Miscellaneous equipment: 5 Ifited, a gantry crane for hoisting on each side of ship with a Cargo net for recovery of survivor. 5 Line running from bow to stem at the water's edge on both sides for boats and cralt to secure alongside. 1 On the lowest weather deck, pilot ladders and manropes to assist survivors boarding the vessel. 7 Vessel’ lifeboats ready for use as a boarding station, aagaga aoo0aq ca 26Section 2 ~ Rendering Assistance 5 Line-throwing apparatus ready for making connection with either ship ess oF survival crail G Floodlights set in appropriate locations if recovery at night. Vessels Not Assisting The master deciding not to proceed to the scene of a distress due to sailing, time involved and in the knowledge that a rescue operation is under way should: © Make an appropriate entry in the ships's log-book. If the master had previously acknowledged and responded to the: alert, report the decision not to proceed to the SAR service concemned © Consider reports unnecessary if no contact has been made with the SAR service. * Reconsider the decision not to proceed nor reportto the SAR service when vessel in distress is far rom land ar in an area where density of shipping is low. Aircrait Assisting 1 Distress Call and Message Received © Aircrait may receive a distress call or message from craft directly or by relay via an ATS unit * Aircrait over the sea may receive an alarm signal or a distress call from a vessel. This usually occurs by relay irom a CRS. # Aircrait may receive a distress signal aurally from an EPIRB oF ELT on 121.5 MHz. * Aircrait near a distressed craft may receive visual signals, = Immediate Action * Reports should be evaluated to determine their validity and degree of urgency, © Any aeronautical station or aircraft knowing of an emergency incident should relay the MAYDAY or transmit a distress message whenever such action is necessary to obtain assistance for the person, aircraft, or vesse! in distress. # In such circumstances, it should be made clear that the aircraft transmitting the message is not itself the distressed craft. 27Section 2 ~ Rendering Assistance 1 Proceeding to Area of Distress © In proceeding to an area of distress, prepare to assist the distressed craft © Categories to consider include: Navigation equipment 1 aircraft designated for SAR operations should be equipped to receive and home in on = radio signals ~ emergency locator transmitters (ELT) ~ FPIRBS ~ SARTs 10 precise navigation equipment such as GPS can be helpful in covering a search area careiully or locating a datum. Communications equipment J all aircraft should be equipped to maintain good communications with the SMC and other aeronautical SAR facilities designated SAR aircraft engaged in sea rescues should be equipped to communicate with vesse's or survival crait designated SAR aircraft should be able fo communicate with survivors on VHEFM on Channel 16 (156.8 MHz) and VHE-AM on 121.5 MHz cartiage of droppable disposable radios operaling on 123.1 MHz can be used for communications with survivors & cartiage of portable radios may be appropriate for aircraft SAR facilites to communicate with maritime or land SAR facilities and OSCs, Miscellaneous equipment 1 the following equipment, as appropriate, should be readily available for SAR operations: = binoculars = a copy of the International Code of Signals = signalling equipment, such as pyrotechnics = buoyant VHF/UHF marker beacons, floating lights ~ firefighting equipment = cameras for photographing wreckage and location of survivors ~ first-aid supplies