TRIANGLES

Lesson Objective:
• Recognise different types of triangles.
• Use angle properties of triangles to find unknown angles.
• Apply other properties of angles at a point/straight lines/vertically opposite angle to find unknown
angles.

1. Types of Triangles

Equilateral Triangle Isosceles Triangle Scalene Triangle

BY ANGLE

 Two sides of equal length  All sides of different lengths

 All sides of equal length
 Two angles opposite the equal  All angles have different
 All angles are equal measure
sides are also equal measure

Acute-angled Triangle Right-angled Triangle Obtuse-angled Triangle

60
BY SIDE

50 70

 All angles of measure less than  One angle measuring exactly  One angle measuring greater
90° (acute angles) 90 ° (right angle) than 90° (obtuse angle)

Vertices are the

edges of a shape
2. Angle Properties in Triangles

Important properties: The sum of interior angle in triangle is 180.

What this means mathematically?
 Three vertices in a triangle
 Each vertices have angles inside called interior angle.
 Add all interior angles = 180
If two angles are shown (given), to
x calculate the third unknown angle use
the formula
b c Unknown angle, x = 180 – b – c

1
Example 1: Calculate angle x
Use formula
Unknown angle = 180 – (given angle)
x
y x = 180 – 35– 48
57
x = 97 (final answer)
35 48

Example 2: Calculate y
Given angle: 90 is hidden in the symbol

y = 180 – 90 – 57

y = 33 (final answer)

Example 3:
Calculate angle p Given angle: 34 is hidden in the symbol
p isosceles

p = 180 – 54 – 54

p = 72 (final answer)
54
The small marked line
means two angles are the
same measurement.
Example 4: Hidden angle: q in the symbol for isosceles
Calculate angle q Notice. There are always three angles in
85 triangles to calculate.

q q + q = 180 – 85
2q = 95
The small marked line 95
q =
means two angles are the 2
same measurement. p = 47.5 (final answer)

2
Exercise 1

2. Find the angles marked with letters.

a) b) c)
y
a
30
40
b
80
30

d) e) f)

x
80
62
b 28
46 d

g) h) i)
m
80
c 110  24
x

3
Exercise 2: Solve the unknown angles in the diagrams below.

4
Exercise 3

1. Find the value of x in each of the following figures:

(a) (b) 3x
60

2x 2x x 2x

∴ x=__________ ° ∴ x=__________ °

(c)
3x
40
4x

∴ x=__________ °

2. Find the unknown angles marked in the following figures:

(a) (b) m
115 
38 b

∴ b=__________ ° ∴ m=__________ °

(c) (d) t
39 135
q 30

27

∴ q=__________ ° ∴ t=__________ °
(e) (f)
x y

100

∴ x=__________ ° ∴ y=__________ °

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3. Find the angles marked with letters:
(a) (b)

∴ x=__________ ° ∴ n=__________ °

4. Find the value of x in each of the following figures:

(a) (b)
3x
3x 3x

x = x =

5. Find the unknown angles marked in the following figures:

(a) (b)

∴ x=__________ ° ∴ x=__________ °

(c) (d)

d= x =