Table I-2-3-1.

Turn construction parameter

No. 1
I-2-3-6

15/3/07
23/11/06
FTT (seconds)
c (seconds)
Bank Pilot
Segment or fix establishment reaction Outbound Heading
of turn location Speed (IAS)1 Altitude/height Wind Bank angle2 time time timing tolerance tolerance
Departure Final missed Turn at altitude/height: 95% omni- For turn area 3 3 N/A N/A
approach IAS Specified altitude/height directional wind or calculation: 15°
+ 10%, see 56 km/h (30 kt) for For establishment
Table I-4-1-1 or Turn at turn point: wind spirals of the average
I-4-1-23 A/D elevation + height based flight path:
on 10% climb from DER
15º until 305 m
(1 000 ft)

20º between
305 m (1 000 ft)
and 915 m
(3 000 ft)

25º above 915 m

(3 000 ft)
En-route 585 km/h (315 kts) Specified altitude 95% probability 15º 5 10 N/A N/A
wind, or ICAO
standard wind4
Holding Table II-4-1-11 Specified altitude ICAO standard For conventional 5 6 10 5°
wind4 and RNAV except
RNP: 25°
For RNP: 23° for
FL  245 and 15°
for FL ! 245

N/A N/A N/A

Initial approach – Table I-4-1-1 or Specified altitude ICAO standard 25º 5 6 10 5
reversal and I-4-1-2 wind4 or statistical
racetrack wind
procedures
Procedures — Aircraft Operations — Volume II
 FTT (seconds)
c (seconds)
Bank Pilot
Segment or fix establishment reaction Outbound Heading
of turn location Speed (IAS)1 Altitude/height Wind Bank angle2 time time timing tolerance tolerance
Initial approach – CAT A, B – CAT A, B — 1 500m ICAO standard 25º 5 6 N/A 5
DR track 165 to 335 km/h (5 000 ft) wind4
procedures (90 to 180 kts)
DR leg; 56 km/h
Part I — Section 2, Chapter 3

CAT C, D, E – (30 kts)

335 to 465 km/h CAT C, D, E — 3 000 m
(180 to 250 kts) (10 000 ft)
IAF, IF FAF See Table I-4-1-1 Specified altitude 95% omni- 25º 5 6 N/A N/A
and I-4-1-2 directional wind or
56 km/h (30 kt)
Use initial
approach speed for
turn at IAF or IF

Use maximum
final approach
speed for turn at
FAF.
Missed approach Table I-4-1-1 or A/D elevation + 300 m 56 km/h (30 kt) 15º 3 3 N/A N/A
I-4-1-23 (1 000 ft)
Visual manoeuvring See Table I-4-1-1 A/D elevation + 300 m 46 km/h (25 kt) 25º N/A N/A N/A N/A
using prescribed and I-4-1-2 (1 000 ft)
track
Circling See Table I-4-1-1 A/D elevation + 300 m 46 km/h (25 kt) 20º N/A N/A N/A N/A
and I-4-1-2 (1 000 ft)

GENERAL NOTES: 1. For the specific application of the parameters in the table, see the applicable chapters.
2. The rate of turn associated with the stated bank angle values in this table shall not be greater than 3º /s, except for visual
manoeuvring using prescribed track.
Note 1.— Where operationally required to avoid obstacles, reduced speeds as slow as the IAS for intermediate missed approach may be used, provided
the procedure is annotated “Missed approach turn limited to _______ km/h (kt) IAS maximum.”
Note 2.— The conversion from IAS to TAS is determined using a temperature equal to ISA at the corresponding altitude plus 15º C. Holding procedures

No. 1
are an exception; the calculation formula includes correction for compressibility and appears in Part II, Section 4, Appendix to Chapter 1.

15/3/07
I-2-3-7

23/11/06