HTC252: FLUID MECHANICS

Assignment 1 (5%)
Due Date: 19/08/23
FLUID PROPERTIES, STATICS, DYNAMICS, AND KINEMATICS

Question 1: (6 marks)
One type of capillary-tube viscometer is shown in Fig. P1.58. For
this device, the liquid to be tested is drawn into the tube to a level
above the top etched line. The time is then obtained for the liquid to
drain to the bottom etched line. The kinematic viscosity, u, in m2/s,
is then obtained from the equation u=KR4t where K is a constant,
R is the radius of the capillary tube in mm, and t is the drain time in
seconds. When glycerine at 20 °C is used as a calibration fluid in a
particular viscometer, the drain time is 1430 s. When a liquid with a
970 kg/m3 density is tested in the same viscometer, the drain time
is 900 s. What is the dynamic viscosity of this liquid?

Question 2: (6 marks)
A plug in the bottom of a pressurized tank is conical in shape, as
shown. The air pressure is 40 kPa, and the liquid in the tank has a
specific weight of 27 kN/m3. Determine the magnitude, direction,
and line of action of the force exerted on the curved surface of the
cone within the tank due to the 40-kPa pressure and the liquid.

Question 3: (8 marks)
Figure below's concrete (specific weight=150 lb/ft3) seawall has a curved surface and
restrains seawater at a depth of 24 ft. The trace of the surface is a parabola as illustrated.
Determine the moment of the fluid force (per unit length) with respect to an axis through the
toe (point A).

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Question 4: (6 marks)
Water is siphoned from the tank shown in the figure below. The water barometer indicates a
reading of 30.2 ft. Determine the maximum value of h allowed without cavitation occurring.
Note that the vapour's pressure in the barometer's closed end equals the vapour pressure.

Question 5: (8 marks)
Water flows through the 2-m-wide rectangular channel shown below with a uniform velocity
of 3 m/s.
(a) Directly integrate Eq. 4.16 (within textbook) with b=1 to determine the mass flowrate
(kg/s) across section CD of the control volume.
(b) Repeat part (a) with b=1/ρ where ρ is the density.
(c) Explain the physical interpretation of the answer to part (b).

Question 6: (6 marks)
3
A tank contains 0.9 m of helium at 200 kPa and 20°C. Estimate the total mass of this gas, in
kg, (a) on earth; and (b) on the moon. Also, (c) how much heat transfer, in MJ, is required to
expand this gas at constant temperature to a new volume of 1.5 m 3?

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