GENERAL PHYSICS. ZTF – EHU.

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3A - Forces.

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l=
1. The 6-kg body rests on the conic surface shown in the figure and it 5
m
spins together with the cone about its symmetry axis with angular 60o

speed of 10 rpm. Find the normal force of the conic surface onto
the body and the tension of the rope. Additionally, calculate the
value the angular speed the cone should have so that the reaction
of the surface onto the body is zero. Result: T=54 N; N=36.5
N; ω=1.98 rad/s. E

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l−a
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a
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√ 2l
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45o Result: l−a = 2 or a = 1+√ .
2
o
30
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3. m Find the accelerations of the masses and the tensions
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Result: a) am = 4m+M
g; aM = 4m+M
g; b) am = m+4M g, aM = m+4M g.

4. Calculate the acceleration that must be given to a friction-free plane inclined an angle φ with
the horizontal so that a particle placed on it remains at rest. What will happen if the plane
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moves with a higher(lower) acceleration? Result: a = g tan φ.

5. The block A in the figure slides over a plane S that is inclined α = 37o with the horizontal
at constant velocity. The block B lies on top of A and is fixed to the top of the plane with a
string.
(a) Use a diagram to show all the forces acting on A.
B S (b) The coefficients of friction between A and B and A and
A S are the same. Calculate the tension of the rope and
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s t the friction coefficient if mA = mB . Result: µ =

con o
V= 37 tan α
3
=0.25.

6. y

A particle slides along a parabola-shaped wire [y = ax2 , a > 0]. If

y=ax 2
the coefficient of friction is µ, which are the equilibrium positions
µ
of the particle? Result: |x| ≤ 2a .
x

7. Two masses are connected to a massless rod, as shown in the figure. The coefficients of kinetic
friction are µ1 = 0.25 and µ2 = 0.5. Result: a = 1.5 m/s, T = 5.09 N.

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m 2 =6kg
(a) Draw the forces acting on both mases in a diagram.
m 1 =4kg (b) Find the acceleration of the masses.
(c) Find the tension in the rod.
α=30 (d) What would happen if µ1 = µ2 ?

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8. If the drag force by air against the movement of a particle is proportional to the square of speed,
calculate the distance travelled by the particle in the interval ∆t = t − t0 if the trajectory is
linear and the speed of the particle is v0 at time t0 = 0. Neglect the influence of gravity.
Result: ∆x = m k
k
ln(1 + m v0 t).

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9.
A particle is free to slide along a circular iron ring that spins with
constant angular speed about the axis shown in the figure. The
static friction coefficient between the particle and the iron ring is
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µ. Compute the angular speed needed so that the particle stays in
q
g
R
equillibrium as shown in the figure. Result: ω = µR .

10. A particle of mass m follows a circular trajectory with constant ω angular speed on a friction-
less table. The length of the rope that is tied to the mass is l and passes through a hole O
in the center of the table, with the tension in the rope being T . If we pull from the rope, the
length of the rope on the table halves. Find:
ω
l m
o (a) The tension of the rope, T .
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(b) The new tension of the rope after its length has been halved.
T
Result: a) T = mω 2 l; b) ω 0 = 4ω; T 0 = 8T .

11. A weighing scale (the kind used in the bathroom) is placed on an elevator and a person stands
on it. The masses of the elevator, the scale and the person are 420 kg, 5 kg and 75 kg,
respectively. The tension in the cable that pulls the elevator is 5000 N.
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(a) Is the elevator moving?

(b) Which is the person’s weight reported by the scale?
(c) Plot and name all the forces acting on the scale.
(d) Which is the force exerted on the scale by the elevator?
(e) Which should be the tension of the cable so that the person’s weight reported by the scale
is zero?

NOTE: Use g=9.8 ms−2 through the exercise. Result: b) 750 N, d) 800 N, e) T=0 N.

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The structure in the image is rotating about the A axis at a con-
12.
stant ω angular velocity. There are two equal m masses inside the
blue pipe tied by a string of L length. Their friction coefficient
with the inner surface of the pipe can be disregarded. m masses

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are very small (they can be taken as point masses) and they are
placed at the same distance from the axis of rotation. Which is the
tension in the string? Which is the horizontal component of the
normal force exerted by every mass on the blue pipe? Result:
T = 21 mω 2 L and N = mω 2 L.

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