-first Semester

Module 1 Week 1

I. Introduction
Welcome to the Oral Communication Grade 11. As we live every day we use to
communicate for a variety of reasons such as telling what we want, needs, make choices, or
giving information, and more. In short communication is part of our lives. Hence, as you go
through on this module it will help you discover more about communications, such as
elements of communication, process of communication, model of communication, and how
communication breakdown. So, without further delay let’s proceed.

Are you ready? Let's start! But, first please

read our objectives.

II. Objective of the lesson

By the end of this module the learners should be able to:
a) Understands the nature and elements of oral communication
b) Designs and performs effective controlled and uncontrolled oral communication.
c) Specific objectives:
1. Explains the functions, nature and process of communication.
2. Differentiate the various models of communication.
3. Uses various strategies in order to avoid communication breakdown.
 III. Pretest
Direction: Write True if the sentence is an example of communication and False if not.
_____ 1. You are talking to your friend over the phone.
_____ 2. Taking notes on the meeting.
_____ 3. Writing an essay.
_____ 4. Praying to God.
_____ 5. Delivering your speech.

Great! It’s seems like easy for you our pre-test. So, let’s try
your detective skill and try our activity 1 below.

Activity 1
In your surroundings observe your parents, aunties, uncles, brothers, sisters or family
members, observe the following scenario:
1. Your mother requesting to your sister to buy soy sauce in the sari-sari store while you are
playing mobile legend. What did you notice?

2. Your brother asking you something while you are conversing to your classmate over the
phone. Did your brother asked you twice or once? What did you notice?

3. Ask something to your father while he is repairing his motorcycle. Is he answered you
immediately?

4. In your observations what or who is involved in communication?

Excellent! You have great observations. Now let’s continue

on the next page to discover more about communication.
 IV. Study
Lesson 1: Elements of Communication

Communication - is the exchange of information, concepts, and opinions between or

among two or more people within the same or of different contexts. It is also a process that
involves various elements namely the speaker, message, encoding, channel, decoding,
receiver, feedback, context, and barriers. One needs to know and understand the
communication process to make communication effective.

Elements of Communication

Communication is divided into elements which help us better understand its mechanics or
process. These elements are the following:
1. Speaker – the source of information or message.
2. Message – the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words
or in actions.
3. Encoding – the process of converting the message into words, actions, or other
forms that the speaker understands.
4. Channel – the medium or means, such as personal or non-personal, verbal or non-
verbal, in which the encoded message is conveyed.
5. Decoding – the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the
receiver.
6. Receiver – the recipient of the message, or someone who decodes the message.
7. Feedback – the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver.
8. Context – the environment where communication takes place.
9. Barrier - the factors that affect the flow of communication.

Now that you discovered the elements of communications, let’s

have a break and watch this video for further understanding.

(INSERT LINK OF VIDEO)

 V. Guide Question

Direction: In the elements of communication that you read in your own words explain its
meaning.
1. Speaker -
2. Message -
3. Encoding -
4. Channel -
5. Decoding -
6. Receiver -
7. Feedback -
8. Context -
9. Barrier –

Great! You did very well, I believed you can. Now give
yourself a time to break for at least 5 minutes and
when you are ready let’s continuing our lesson.

Models of Communication

There are many models of communication. In this module you will encounter the two
models: the first is Shannon-Weaver Model and the second is Transaction Model.
1. Shannon-Weaver Model
Known as the mother of all communication models, the Shannon-Weaver Model
(1949) depicts communication as a linear or one-way process consisting of five (5)
elements: a source (producer of message); a transmitter ( encoder of message into
signals); a channel (signals adapted for transmission); a receiver (decoder of message
from the signal); and a destination.
This model, however, has been criticized for missing one essential element in the
communication process and it is the feedback. Without the feedback, the speaker will
not know whether the receiver understands the message or not.

(Look for the figure 1. Shannon-Weaver Model on the next page.)

 Figure 1. Shannon-Weaver Model

1. Transaction Model
The transaction Model is a two-way process with the inclusion of feedback as an
element.

Figure 2. Transaction Model

As shown in figure 2, this model is more interactive. There is a collaborative exchange

of messages between communications with the aim of understanding each other. It
 also shows that a barrier, such as noise, may interfere with the flow of
communication.
Models of communication are conceptual models used to explain the human
communication process through transmission or process using its elements. Now,
you discovered the two (2) models of communication. Let’s see which is better
for you? Do the exercise number 2.

Using table below compare and contrast the Shannon-Weaver Model and the
Transaction Model.

Similarities Differences Choose which is better between the

two, what would you prefer?

Good choice learners! Now, let’s proceed to the function of communication. To gain knowledge what are those
please read it below. And always remember “the more that you read, the more things you will know. The more
that you learn the more places you’ll go.” – Dr. Seuss.

Happy reading!

Function of communication

There are five basic functions of communication and these are the following:
1. Control – Communication function to control behavior.
2. Social Interaction – Communication allows individuals to interact with others.
 3. Motivation – Communication motivates or encourages people to live better.
4. Emotional Expression - Communication facilitates people's expression of their
feelings and emotions.
5. Information Dissemination – Communication functions to convey information.

Now that you are done, let’s see what you

have understood. Try the exercise 3 below.

In your home observe your family and identify at least two (2) situations for each
function of communication. Write your answer on the table provided bellow.
Example: Control – The father tells that 9:00 pm is time for curfew, so that no one
will go outside beyond 9:00pm.
Function Situation
Control 1.

2.

Social Interaction 1.

2.

Motivation 1.

2.

Emotional Expression 1.

2.

Information Dissemination 1.

2.
 Good job learners, you are good in identifying the function of communication in
your home! Now, let’s learn the effective communication.

This list of 7c’s of effective communication is widely used today, especially in public relations
and advertising. These are the following:
1. Completeness – Complete communication is essential to the quality of the
communication process in general. Hence, communication should include
everything that the receiver needs to hear for him/her to respond react, or
evaluate properly.
2. Conciseness
Conciseness does not mean keeping the message short, but making it direct or
straight to the point. Insignificant or redundant information should be eliminated
from the communication that will be sent to the recipient.
3. Consideration
To be effective, the speaker should always consider relevant information about
his/her receiver such as mood, background, race, preference, education, status,
and needs, among others. By doing so, he/she can easily build rapport with the
receiver.
4. Concreteness
Effective communication happens when the message is concrete and supported by
facts, figures, and real-life examples and situations. This makes the receiver more
connected to the message conveyed.
5. Courtesy
The speaker shows courtesy in communication by respecting the culture, values,
and beliefs of his/ her receivers. Being courteous all the time creates a positive
impact on the receivers.
6. Clearness
Clearness in communication implies the use of simple and specific words to
express ideas. It is also achieved when the speaker focuses on a single objective in
his/her speech so as not to confuse the receivers.
7. Correctness
Correctness in grammar eliminates negative impact on the receivers and increases
the credibility and effectiveness of the message.
 After you learned the function of communication, here is the
additional learning in communication and this is the barrier.

Barriers to Communication

There are instances when communication breaks down and misunderstanding occurs
because of certain barriers. To become an effective communicator, you should recognize
these barriers that hinder the communication process. This will enable you to control the
situation, reset conditions, and start anew. These are some of the barriers:
Emotional Barrier
Example: You are having a bad day
that’s why you can't listen to others.

Use of Jargon
Example: You are a welder discussing
to your friend the design of your work
who does not know much about the
topic.

Lack of Confidence
Example: You are hesitant to express
your feelings because you are shy.

Note! these are only some barriers; many others may arise out of the context,
language, physical restriction, and the like.
 Good Job! You are nearly to finish this module, let’s have one last
exercise, I know you can!

Assessment

Reference:
P. J. F. Sipacio., A. R. G. Balgos 2019 “Oral Communication in
Context" Revised edition.
http://clipart-library.com/clipart/783272.htm